9 results on '"Ybarra, Oscar"'
Search Results
2. materials
- Author
-
Michalak, Nicholas, Chan, Todd, and Ybarra, Oscar
- Subjects
cognitive bias ,fox and hedgehog - Abstract
study materials
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. data
- Author
-
Michalak, Nicholas, Chan, Todd, and Ybarra, Oscar
- Subjects
cognitive bias ,fox and hedgehog - Abstract
prepared datasets
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. analyses
- Author
-
Michalak, Nicholas, Chan, Todd, and Ybarra, Oscar
- Subjects
cognitive bias ,fox and hedgehog - Abstract
analyses scripts (preparation, descriptives, and modeling)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Religious beliefs compensate for purpose in life in the socially disconnected
- Author
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Chan, Todd, Michalak, Nicholas, and Ybarra, Oscar
- Subjects
social disconnection ,religion ,loneliness ,interpersonal relationships ,purpose - Abstract
Objective: Social relationships supply purpose to life. How can socially disconnected people, who show lower levels of purpose, compensate for purpose in life? We propose that religious beliefs can compensate for the purpose in life that social relationships would otherwise provide, through (a) providing greater purpose to turn to, and (b) providing divine figures that can substitute for social relationships. Method: In three studies, we analyze three nationally representative and longitudinal datasets (N = 19775) using moderated regression and cross- lagged panel analyses. Results: Consistent with our hypotheses, religious beliefs were of minimal influence on purpose in life for socially connected individuals, who already held higher levels of purpose than socially disconnected individuals. However, for socially disconnected individuals, being highly religious predicted higher levels of purpose in life. Conclusions: Results suggest that although people primarily derive purpose from social relationships, socially disconnected individuals may leverage their religious beliefs for purpose and social comfort until they can reconnect.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Identity lost and found: Self-concept clarity in social network site contexts
- Author
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Yang, Qing, van den Bos, Kees, Zhang, Xiaoying, Adams, Savannah, Ybarra, Oscar, Bestuursrecht, Leerstoel Bos, Empirical legal research into Institutions for conflict resolution, Empirical Legal Research (ELS), Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour, Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtspleging en conflictoplossing, Bestuursrecht, Leerstoel Bos, Empirical legal research into Institutions for conflict resolution, Empirical Legal Research (ELS), Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour, and Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtspleging en conflictoplossing
- Subjects
self-esteem ,Social network ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Self-concept ,Self-esteem ,Identity (social science) ,self-concept clarity ,social support ,law.invention ,Social support ,law ,Social network site ,CLARITY ,business ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Psychology(all) ,General Psychology ,identity ,media_common - Abstract
Social network sites (SNSs) allow young people to experiment with and present different aspects of themselves during important periods of self-concept development. Interestingly, whether SNSs have negative or positive effects on self-concept clarity (SCC) is inconclusive. We propose that SNS use may simultaneously produce negative and positive effects on SCC, depending on how people use it and the social connection quality created on-line. Specifically, the suppressing mediation model reveals that the direct effect of SNS use intensity on SCC is negative, whereas the indirect effects via perceived social support and self-esteem are positive, suggesting these variables may suppress the negative effect of SNS use on SCC. Our framework helps to explain how SNS contexts influence identity development in young people.
- Published
- 2022
7. Temporal self-appraisal in a Chinese context: Distancing autobiographical memory following self-uncertainty salience
- Author
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Yang, Q., Ybarra, Oscar, Van den Bos, Kees, Zhao, Y., Guan, Lan, Huang, X., Empirical Legal Research (ELS), Empirical legal research into Institutions for conflict resolution, Bestuursrecht, Leerstoel Bos, Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour, Empirical Legal Research (ELS), Empirical legal research into Institutions for conflict resolution, Bestuursrecht, Leerstoel Bos, and Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour
- Subjects
autographical memory ,Social Psychology ,Salience (language) ,Distancing ,Autobiographical memory ,self-uncertainty ,temporal ,Context (language use) ,temporal self ,Self-Appraisal ,self-threat ,Test (assessment) ,Premise ,self-appraisal ,Taverne ,subjective distance ,East Asia ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Abstract
On the premise that individuals are inclined to self-enhance, in temporal self-appraisal (TSA) theory it is suggested that people can motivationally reconstruct subjective distances from their past self to serve that goal. However, given the mixed evidence found in an East Asian cultural context (i.e., Japan), it is important to test the cultural applicability of TSA in a different East Asian culture. Thus we tested the TSA of a Chinese sample, focusing on past-self distance reconstruction. The results supported the prediction suggested in TSA theory, in that participants tended to feel farther away from negative (vs. positive) past experiences. Further, this effect was greater when people were primed with a self-threat (i.e., self-uncertainty salience). These patterns were found independently of whether the past experience was recent (3 months ago) or in the distant past (3 years ago). Implications for crosscultural applicability of TSA theory are discussed.
- Published
- 2020
8. Neurophysiological and behavioral evidence that self-uncertainty salience increases self-esteem striving
- Author
-
Yang, Qing, Ybarra, Oscar, Van den Bos, K., Zhao, Yufang, Guan, Lili, Cao, Yunfei, Li, Fang, Huang, Xiting, Sub Rechtstheorie, Leerstoel Bos, LS Franse Taalkunde, Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour, and Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtspleging en conflictoplossing
- Subjects
Error-related negativity ,Self-uncertainty ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Neuroscience(all) ,Error positivity ,Self-esteem ,Taverne ,Meaning maintenance model ,Performance monitoring - Abstract
The present research investigated the effect of self-uncertainty salience on self-esteem striving, as well as the corresponding self-regulatory processes. Inspired by uncertainty management and meaning maintenance models, we conducted an electroencephalogram experiment to examine how self-uncertainty salience affects performance on self-esteem related tasks, and how it affects neurophysiological activity related to performance monitoring (e.g., error-related negativity, error positivity) on those tasks. Results showed that when self-uncertainty was salient, participants performed better on a task that was high (but not low) in self-esteem relevance, and these participants also displayed a larger amplitude of error positivity after error commissions, which is considered a manifestation of heightened performance monitoring. Overall, these results suggest that self-uncertainty salience increases the need and efforts for self-esteem striving. Further implications are discussed in terms of meaning compensation and self-uncertainty management.
- Published
- 2019
9. Neurophysiological and behavioral evidence that self-uncertainty salience increases self-esteem striving
- Author
-
Yang, Qing, Ybarra, Oscar, Van den Bos, K., Zhao, Yufang, Guan, Lili, Cao, Yunfei, Li, Fang, Huang, Xiting, Sub Rechtstheorie, Leerstoel Bos, LS Franse Taalkunde, Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour, and Montaigne Centrum voor Rechtspleging en conflictoplossing
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Self-uncertainty ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Neuroscience(all) ,050105 experimental psychology ,Error-related negativity ,Self-Control ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Salience (neuroscience) ,Task Performance and Analysis ,Self-esteem ,Taverne ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Evoked Potentials ,media_common ,Defense Mechanisms ,General Neuroscience ,05 social sciences ,Uncertainty ,Negativity effect ,Electroencephalography ,Neurophysiology ,Self Concept ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Error positivity ,Performance monitoring ,Female ,Meaning maintenance model ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
The present research investigated the effect of self-uncertainty salience on self-esteem striving, as well as the corresponding self-regulatory processes. Inspired by uncertainty management and meaning maintenance models, we conducted an electroencephalogram experiment to examine how self-uncertainty salience affects performance on self-esteem related tasks, and how it affects neurophysiological activity related to performance monitoring (e.g., error-related negativity, error positivity) on those tasks. Results showed that when self-uncertainty was salient, participants performed better on a task that was high (but not low) in self-esteem relevance, and these participants also displayed a larger amplitude of error positivity after error commissions, which is considered a manifestation of heightened performance monitoring. Overall, these results suggest that self-uncertainty salience increases the need and efforts for self-esteem striving. Further implications are discussed in terms of meaning compensation and self-uncertainty management.
- Published
- 2019
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