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Hadi Bazyar,1,2 Leila Maghsoumi-Norouzabad,3 Mohsen Yarahmadi,3 Hassan Gholinezhad,3 Leila Moradi,4 Parvin Salehi,5 Mohammad Hosein Haghighi-zadeh,6 Ahmad Zare Javid1,3 1Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; 2Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; 3Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; 4Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; 5Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; 6Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranCorrespondence: Ahmad Zare JavidNutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranTel +98 914 317 6237Email ahmaddjavid@gmail.comAim: The aim of the current study was to investigate that combination of the synbiotic supplementation in adjunct with non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is useful in treating periodontitis and biomarkers of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: In this study, 47 patients suffering from DM and CP were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention (n= 23) and control (n=24) groups received either multispecies probiotic supplement plus 100 mg fructo-oligosaccharide (500 mg in each capsule) or placebo capsule containing 500 mg wheat flour, respectively, every day for 8 weeks. All subjects were treated with NSPT during the intervention period. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and periodontal indices including clinical attachment loss (CAL), pocket depth (PD) (main outcome), BOP, and plaque index were measured before and after the intervention.Results: Supplementation with the synbiotic with NSPT led to a significant decrease in the levels of IL-1β, MDA, plaque index, PD, and CAL in the intervention group post-intervention (p < 0.05). The serum levels of TAC, SOD, and GPx were significantly increased in the intervention group compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Consumption of synbiotic with NSPT, compared to the control, resulted in a significant decrease in the mean changes of IL-1β, MDA, and CAL (p < 0.05). Also, the mean changes of TAC and GPx were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Also, in the intervention group was seen a significant reduction in plaque index (p = 0.035) and BOP (p = 0.04) compared with the control group.Conclusion: It was observed that synbiotic supplementation with NSPT may be beneficial in improving inflammatory, antioxidant, and periodontal status in T2DM patients with CP.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammation, antioxidant, periodontal disease, synbiotic, non-surgical periodontal therapy

Recent research shows that the local group is moving toward (l,b)=(276,30) relative to the cosmic background radiation at a speed of about $600 kms^{-1}$ which is known as the cosmic background radiation dipole. The exact cause of this movement is still unknown. Areas with high mass densities such as galactic superclusters seem to be one of the causes of this flow. There are several methods for simulating the motion of local clusters, one of which is the bulk flow. The bulk current can be seen as a mass movement of a large part of the universe. This anisotropy at the local scale seems to have the same origin as the anisotropy at the larger scale. In this paper, anisotropies on both small and large scales were investigated using chameleon fields. The data used are Type Ia supernovae (Pantheon catalog for a total of 1,048 supernovae in redshift (0.15, Comment: 17 pages , 6 figures

Background and Aim: Paclitaxol (PTX) is one of the well-known drugs that has been widely used for chemotherapy of a wide spectrum of cancers. Recently, advanced drug delivery systems using nanocarriers with high selectivity have been used for cancer therapy. Graphene nanostructure and its derivatives, i.e., graphene oxide (GO), are promising candidates for biological applications, such as drug delivery, because of their high specific surface areas. Due to hydrophobicity of graphene, it is not easily dispersed in water. Therefore, functional groups are added to it. In this study, we investigated adsorption of paclitaxel (PTX) drug molecule onto graphene oxide (GO) in aqueous environment. Graphene sheets typically decorated with epoxy (GO-O), and hydroxyl (GO-OH) hydrophilic functional groups can reduce apparent hydrophobicity. Materials And Methods: Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations the influence of the functional groups on adsorption of PTX anticancer drug molecules, adsorption energy, and the average distance of drug molecules from surface were evaluated. Simulations were conducted using the LAMMPS software package. Result: The results showed when the functional groups exceeded the critical value (18%), the number of atoms with the same partial charge in GO-OH system were more than that of GO-O surface. Therefore with an increase in the repulsion forces, the molecule distance became longer due to compressive surface stresses induced in GO-OH system. Furthermore, deformation of surface will result in an increase in the distance of PTX-GO. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that type of functional groups affecting adsorption of paclitaxel on GO surface was important in drug delivery system. Moreover, the critical value of functional groups can have useful medical applications as in drug delivery systems.

We study the bulk flow of the local universe using Type Ia supernova data by considering a class of cosmological model which is spatially flat,(FRW) space-times and contains cold dark matter and $Q$ component (QCDM models) of the fluid as a scalar field, with self interactions determined by a potential $V(Q)=V_{0}Exp(-\lambda Q)$ evolving in Universe. We use different cumulative redshift slices of the Union 2 catalogue. A maximum-likelihood analysis of peculiar velocities confirms that at low redshift $0.015 100 h^{-1}Mpc)$, they leaving an imprint on the microwave background anisotropy.

We study the bulk flow of the local universe using Type Ia supernova data by considering a class of cosmological model which is spatially flat,(FRW) space-times and contains cold dark matter and $Q$ component (QCDM models) of the fluid as a scalar field, with self interactions determined by a potential $V(Q)=V_{0}Exp(-��Q)$ evolving in Universe. We use different cumulative redshift slices of the Union 2 catalogue. A maximum-likelihood analysis of peculiar velocities confirms that at low redshift $0.015 100 h^{-1}Mpc)$, they leaving an imprint on the microwave background anisotropy.

The present work aims to study the impact of microwave irradiation on grinding and flotation kinetics of a porphyry copper ore. For this purpose, the kinetic trails were carried out on the samples (d80=1.5mm) pretreated in the absence and presence of microwave irradiation varying the exposure time from 15 to 150s. Semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction technique (SQ-XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used for elemental, surface and mineralogical analyses. Breakage and selection functions were determined using the top-size-fraction method. Commonly used first-order flotation kinetic model and Berube model were utilized for estimating the related parameters. The results disclosed that the ore’s breakage rate constant monotonically increased by increasing the exposure time particularly for the coarsest fraction size (400µm) owing to the creation of thermal stress fractures alongside grain boundaries. Chalcopyrite’s flotation rate constant and infinitive recovery of pyrite improved while samples irradiated to the shorter exposure time (

Background: Flavonoids consider as a large group of plant metabolites that 6,000 types of them have been identified till now. In some studies, it has been shown that they can increase aerobic performance and maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max).The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of anthocyanin (as one of the most important kind of flavonoids) supplementation on body composition, exercise performance and muscle damage indices in athletes. Methods: This double-blinded clinical trial involved 54 female and male athletes at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences with athletic history of at least 3 years. Body composition, exercise performance, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase were assessed. Individuals were selected by simple sampling method, they divided into two groups using permuted block randomization method. First group received 100 mg anthocyanin pills, and the second group received 100 mg placebo pills, daily for 6 weeks. Participants asked to continue their routine diet and physical activity during the study period, and they were followed through phone calls or text messages. Results: Soft lean mass, total body water and percent body fat were not changed significantly in the anthocyanin group after intervention but VO 2 max increased significantly in the anthocyanin group (48.65 ± 4.73 vs. 52.62 ± 5.04) (P ≤ 0.0001), also a significant difference was observed between two studied groups (52.62 ± 5.04 for intervention group vs. 49.61 ± 5.33 for placebo) (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Our findings suggested that the supplementation with anthocyanin in athletes may improve some indices of performance such as VO 2 max.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Sanitization of Lettuce according to the protocols set forth by Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education for reducing populations of total coliform, fecal coliform, and helminth eggs present on lettuce. Methods: In the present study, we determined the load of total coliform, fecal coliform, and parasites of lettuce. The lettuce was sanitized by protocol of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The protocol consists of 3 levels to disinfect the fruits and vegetables. The procedure was as follows: first washing stage. The leaves of leafy vegetables washed with tap water, second stage, separation of helminth eggs by 3 to 5 droplets of detergent per liter for 5 min; third stage, disinfection of vegetables by calcium hypochlorite solution (with 200 mg/l free chlorine) for 5 min; and finally the disinfected vegetables were washed with tap water. Results: The average initial levels of total coliform and fecal coliform in the samples were 3.36 log10 cfu/g and 2.31 log10 cfu/g, respectively. Helminth eggs were not detected in any of the samples tested. The efficiency of total coliform and fecal coliform removal were 78.1% (0.75 log10cfu/g) and 79.6% (0.67 log10cfu/g), respectively, after washing. This increased up to 94.8(1.44 log10cfu/g) and 98.5% (1.90 log10cfu/g) after the use of detergent. Chlorine disinfection rose these amounts up to 98.3% (2.18 log10cfu/g) and 100% (2.31 log10cfu/g), respectively. Conclusion: By applying the protocol large parts of microorganisms existing on lettuce have indeed been removed.

In this work, it is shown that a Riemannian complete shrinking Yamabe soliton has finite fundamental group and its first cohomology group vanishes., 9 pages

In this work, acrylonitrile (AN) and acrylic acid (AA) monomers were directly grafted onto chitosan using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator and methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinking agent under an inert atmosphere. The hydrogels structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of grafting variables, that is, AA/AN weight ratio and concentration of MBA and APS, was systematically optimized to achieve a hydrogel with swelling capacity as high as possible. The water absorbency increased with increasing the AA amount in the monomer feed due to formation of polyelectrolyte. The swelling of the hydrogel samples in saline solution (0.15 mol/l NaCl, CaCl2 and AlCl3) was examined. The results indicate that the swelling capacity decreased with an increase in the ionic strength of the swelling medium. This behavior can be attributed to charge screening effect for monovalent cations, as well as ionic crosslinking for multivalent cations. Furthermore, the swelling of superabsorbing hydrogels was examined in solutions with pH values ranging between 1 and 13.Key words: Hydrogel, chitosan, superabsorbent, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid.

Novel biopolymer-based superabsorbent hydrogels were prepared by grafting crosslinked poly (N-vinyl pyrollidin and 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl propan sulfonic acid (PNVP-co-PAMPS) chains onto CMC backbones through a free radical polymerization method. A proposed mechanism for superabsorbent hydrogel formation was suggested and the hydrogel structure was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy. The morphology of the samples was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The concentration of released metronidazole loaded was monitored at 245 nm on the UV spectrophotometer. Water absorption of the hydrogel could be switched on and off swiftly by control of pH of the surrounding environment. Therefore, the synthesized hydrogels in this study can be used as a drug delivery system and that the drug release can be controlled by the pH of solution. The release rate of metronidazole from hydrogel at pH 7.4 was higher than that at pH 1.6, due to the increased swelling capacity of the hydrogel.Key words: CMC, hydrogels, release drug, N-vinyl pyrollidin, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propan sulfonic acid.