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Three new lanostane triterpenoids (1-3) along with two new amides fatty compounds (4-5) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a culture of the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. gx-2. Their structures were identified by 1D and 2D NMR spectral data and HRESIMS. Compounds 1-12 were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibition activities. The isolated compounds did not show inhibitory activities at a concentration of 100 μM against tyrosinase, while under the concentration of 10 μM, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibition rate of compound 1 was 54.45%, indicating that compound 1 had moderate anti-inflammatory activity on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion on behaviors and related products of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism in the colon of mice with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and to explore the mechanism of moxibustion in the IBS treatment. Methods Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a moxibustion group, and a probiotic group, with 6 mice in each group. The visceral pain model of IBS was established by enema with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) solution. Mice in the moxibustion group were treated with mild moxibustion at bilateral Zusanli (ST36), and those in the probiotic group were treated with probiotics such as Bifidobacterium by gavage. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) test, elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, and forced swimming test (FST) were performed after treatment. The expression levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) in the colon were detected by immunofluorescence, and the expression levels of Trp, kynurenine (Kyn), and indole-2,3-oxygenase (IDO) in the colon were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the normal group, the AWR scores were increased significantly in the model group under different pressure values (PPPPPPPPPPPPP Conclusion Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST36) improves visceral pain and pain mood and down-regulates the expression levels of colonic TPH1, IDO, Trp, 5-HT, and Kyn in IBS mice.

Xiaoxue Zi,1,&ast; Yang Peng,2,&ast; Yiran Zang,1 Shiying Chen,2 Mengshi Li,3 Kena Yu,1 Xu Liang,1 Peng Jin,1 Deyun Wang,4 Li Shi1 1Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiratory Pathology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Peng Jin, Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Avenue, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 531 85875317, Fax +86 531 88962544, Email jinpeng0215@126.comObjective: The mechanisms underlying the antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) remained unclear. We aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) profile, the cilia-related genes expression levels and the morphological characteristics of ciliated cells in patients with ACPs.Methods: We obtained ACPs biopsy samples from 28 patients and uncinate process from 27 healthy controls. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and scanning electron microscopy were performed.Results: 3739 DEGs were detected between ACPs and controls, and Gene Ontology analysis on these DEGs implicated cilium assembly, cilium motility, cilia component, cilia function, inflammatory response and immune system process were included in ACPs pathogenesis. Gene set enrichment analysis implicated sets of genes regulated in processes associated with cilium organization, cilium morphogenesis, cilium movement, axoneme assembly, axonemal dynein complex assembly and cell projection assembly. The expression levels of cilia-related genes (FOXJ1, DNAI1, DNAH9, RSPH1, RSPH9 and RSPH4A) were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Fold change > 2, P< 0.05) and FOXJ1 was positive correlated with DNAI1, DNAH9, RSPH4, RSPH1, RSPH9, DNAH5, DNALI1 in ACPs (all P < 0.05). Based on our semi-quantitative scoring system, median scores of α-Tubulin, DNAI1 and RSPH4A were significantly higher in ACPs than in controls. In addition, loss of ciliated cells and a shorter cilia pattern were further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and scanning electron microscopy in ACPs.Conclusion: The aberrant expression of cilia-related genes and ciliary structural impairment are an important pathological phenomenon in ACPs, and our findings may provide novel insights into understanding the mysterious mechanisms underlying ACPs.Keywords: antrochoanal polyps, ciliary abnormalities, transcriptome RNA sequencing, uncinate process

Apical hook is a simple curved structure formed at the upper part of hypocotyls when dicot seeds germinate in darkness. The hook structure is transient but essential for seedlings' survival during soil emergence due to its efficient protection of the delicate shoot apex from mechanical injury. As a superb model system for studying plant differential growth, apical hook has fascinated botanists as early as the Darwin age, and significant advances have been achieved at both the morphological and molecular levels to understand how apical hook development is regulated. Here, we will mainly summarize the research progresses at these two regards. We will also briefly compare the growth dynamics between apical hook and hypocotyl gravitropic bending at early seed germination phase, with the aim to deduce certain consensus on their connections. Finally, we will outline the remaining questions and future research perspectives for apical hook development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to combine the entropy weight method with the cloud model and establish a fire risk assessment method for airborne lithium battery. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the fire risk assessment index system is established by fully considering the influence of the operation process of airborne lithium battery. Then, the cloud model based on entropy weight improvement is used to analyze the indexes in the system, and the cloud image is output to discuss the risk status of airborne lithium batteries. Finally, the weight, expectation, entropy and hyperentropy are analyzed to provide risk prevention measures. Findings In the risk system, bad contact of charging port, mechanical extrusion and mechanical shock have the greatest impact on the fire risk of airborne lithium battery. The fire risk of natural factors is at a low level, but its instability is 25% higher than that of human risk cases and 150% higher than that of battery risk cases. Practical implications The method of this paper can evaluate any type of airborne lithium battery and provide theoretical support for airborne lithium battery safety management. Originality/value After the fire risk assessment is completed, the risk cases are ranked by entropy weight. By summarizing the rule, the proposed measures for each prevention level are given.

In the process of responding to public health emergencies, the government should promote effective communication with the public and further unblock the channels of communication between the government and the public. Government press conferences are an important channel for the government to communicate with the outside world and an important tool for the government to respond to public health emergencies. The government should make reasonable use of press conferences to actively respond to social concerns, promote the positive function of public opinion, and improve the ability to respond to sudden public health forgetfulness so as to promote the formation of a synergy of social governance. Based on the theory of political communication, this paper focuses on the practical principles and operational risks of government press conferences under public health events and puts forward governance ideas to standardize the release process, strengthen interaction and cooperation, and improve emergency response capacity, so as to achieve emergency management capabilities of government press conferences under public health emergencies.

Global climate change and ecological environment destruction have become global problems that cannot be ignored. As the largest developing country, China faces the reality of emission reduction from the international community and the pressure of domestic environmental protection. Based on the policy process of carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China, the allocation and use of carbon peak policy tools in China are analyzed by using the Multiple-Streams Approach, and some insights are proposed, hoping to provide some thinking for related research. The initiation of China’s carbon peak and carbon neutrality policy agenda is inseparable from concerns about Problem Streams, discussions on policy streams, and the promotion of Political Streams, as well as the help of policy entrepreneurs. In the future, in the process of continuously promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality policies, China should be problem-oriented, continuously optimize policy guidelines, continue to deepen the political environment and promote comprehensive green transformation and sustainable economic and social development with "Double carbon" policies. TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back

Pt/ZrO2–5CaO could capture 10.3 mmol CO2 g−1 and convert it to syngas completely in C3H8 with little intensive energy swing.

Mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) is a member of a serine/threonine MAP3K family, and it has been demonstrated to play critical roles in various biological activities and disease progression. Previous studies showed that impaired skeletal mineralization and spontaneous tooth fracture in the MLK3-deficient mice, suggesting MLK3 actively participated in the bone formation. However, the detailed function and underlying mechanisms remain obscure.The MLK3 knockout (KO) mouse was applied in the present study, and multi-omics were performed to compare the metabolites and gene expression between wild type (WT) and KO mice. The bone fracture model was successfully established, and the healing process was evaluated by X-ray, micro-CT examination, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. On the other hand, the effects of MLK3 on osteogenic differentiation were assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin red S (ARS) staining and qRT-PCR examination. Finally, the downstream signaling pathways were screened out by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and then validated by Western blotting.In the present study, imbalanced bone metabolism was observed in these MLK3 KO mice, suggesting MLK3 may participate in bone development. Moreover, MLK3 -/- mice displayed abnormal bone tissues, impaired bone quality, and delayed fracture healing. Further investigation showed that the inhibition of MLK3 attenuated osteoblast differentiationIn conclusion, our results demonstrated that loss of MLK3 suppressed osteoblast differentiation and delayed bone formation via influencing metabolism and disturbing MAPK signaling.The findings based on the current study demonstrated that MLK3 promoted osteogenesis, stimulated new bone formation and facilitated fracture healing, suggesting that MLK3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for bone regeneration. MLK3 activator therefore may be developed as a therapeutic strategy for bone fracture.

The respective roles of O2 and CO2 in Li–O2/CO2 batteries are investigated and the capacity current rate gas composition relationship is elucidated.

Infections caused by biofouling have become a serious concern in the health care sector. Multifunctional coatings with antifouling and antibacterial properties are widely used to combat these biofouling related infections. However, in practice macro or micro scratches or damages can happen to the coating, which can act as an active site for microbial deposition and destroy the antifouling or antibacterial functionality of the coating. Considering this fact, we have developed an excellent biocompatible and multifunctional coating with antifouling, antibacterial and self-healing properties. In this study, prebiotic chemistry inspired self-polymerization of aminomalononitrile (AMN) was used as a primary coating layer, which acted as a primer to graft vitamin B5 analogous methacrylamide polymer poly(B5AMA) and zwitterionic compound 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) containing polymer poly (MPC

This paper is concerned with the issue of improving video subscribers' quality of experience (QoE) by deploying a multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) network. Different from existing works, we characterize subscribers' QoE by video bitrates, latency, and frame freezing and propose to improve their QoE by energy-efficiently and dynamically optimizing the multi-UAV network in terms of serving UAV selection, UAV trajectory, and UAV transmit power. The dynamic multi-UAV network optimization problem is formulated as a challenging sequential-decision problem with the goal of maximizing subscribers' QoE while minimizing the total network power consumption, subject to some physical resource constraints. We propose a novel network optimization algorithm to solve this challenging problem, in which a Lyapunov technique is first explored to decompose the sequential-decision problem into several repeatedly optimized sub-problems to avoid the curse of dimensionality. To solve the sub-problems, iterative and approximate optimization mechanisms with provable performance guarantees are then developed. Finally, we design extensive simulations to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the QoE of subscribers and is 66.75\% more energy-efficient than benchmarks.

The Bohai Bay region is a famous wine-growing area in China, where the rainfall is concentrated in the summer due to the influence of the temperate semi-humid monsoon climate. As such, the vineyard terrain has a significant impact on the flavor quality of the grapes and the resulting wines. To explore the relationship between the ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ wine style and terrain, this study takes four different plots in the Jieshi Mountain region to investigate the differences in the aroma profile of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines of two consecutive vintages. Based on two-way ANOVA, there were 25 free and 8 glycosylated aroma compounds in the grapes and 21 and 10 aroma compounds with an odor activity value greater than 0.1 in the wines at the end of alcohol fermentation (AF) and malolactic fermentation (MLF), respectively, that varied among the four plots. Wines from the four plots showed a significant difference in floral and fruity aroma attributes, which were mainly related to esters with high odor activity values. The difference in concentration of these compounds between plots was more pronounced in 2021 than in 2020, and a similar result was shown on the Shannon–Wiener index, which represents wine aroma diversity. It has been suggested that high rainfall makes the plot effect more pronounced. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that concentrations of (E)-3-hexen-1-ol in grapes and ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl hexanoate, isoamyl acetate, isopentanoic acid, and phenethyl acetate in wines were strongly positively correlated with the concentrations of N, P, K, Fe, and electrical conductivity in soil but negatively correlated with soil pH. This study laid a theoretical foundation for further improving the level of vineyard management and grape and wine quality in the Jieshi Mountain region.

An accurate parameter extraction of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is crucial for establishing a reliable cell model, which is also of great significance for subsequent research on the PEMFC. However, because the parameter identification of the PEMFC is a nonlinear optimization problem with multiple variables, peaks, and a strong coupling, it is difficult to solve this problem using traditional numerical methods. Furthermore, because of insufficient current and voltage data measured by the PEMFC, the precision rate of cell parameter extraction is also very low. The study proposes a parameter extraction method using a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) and meta-heuristic algorithms (MhAs). First of all, a GRNN is used to de-noise and predict the data to solve the problems in the field of PEMFC, which include insufficient data and excessive noise data of the measured data. After that, six typical algorithms are used to extract the parameters of the PEMFC under three operating conditions, namely high temperature and low pressure (HTLP), medium temperature and medium pressure (MTMP), and low temperature and high pressure (LTHP). The last results demonstrate that the application of GRNN can prominently decrease the influence of data noise on parameter identification, and after data prediction, it can greatly enhance the precision rate and reliability of MhAs parameter identification, specifically, under HTLP conditions, the V-I fitting accuracy achieved 99.39%, the fitting accuracy was 99.07% on MTMP, and the fitting accuracy was 98.70%.

The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between reproductive variables and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Chinese women aged 40 years and older.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4453 women aged 40 years and older in Guangxi, China. The associations between women's reproductive factors and MetS were analyzed using a logistic regression model.The prevalence of MetS was 23.9% in this population. Women with MetS were mostly older, more likely to be postmenopausal, and had higher parity. Compared to women with one prior live birth, those with three or more live births had the highest odds of having MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.23-1.99). Similarly, compared to premenopausal women, postmenopausal participants had higher odds of having MetS (OR = 1.86; 95% CI, 1.49-2.31). No associations were observed between MetS and abortion or with age at menarche.Our study suggests that multiparity and menopausal status may be associated with the development of MetS. The inconsistency seen in epidemiological research to date calls for further investigation.

In this paper, ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations were used to look at how load and the number of nitrogen molecules affect how friction behavior in hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC). The presence of nitrogen molecules will inhibit the formation of C-C covalent bonds between the contact surfaces of the upper and lower DLC, thereby effectively suppressing the increase in friction during the initial friction phase. After the initial friction stage, the mechanical mixing of the contact surfaces brought on by the diffusion of nitrogen molecules results in considerable shear stress, which has significant impacts on the friction force. In addition, due to the existence of nitrogen molecules, the effect of graphitization of hydrogen-free DLC on friction is almost negligible.

With the development of modern science and technology and the strategic deployment of national economic development, digital rural construction has become a new and important measure to empower rural revitalization, which has the great significance of stimulating the endogenous power of rural areas and promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas. This paper through the theory of digital rural construction strategy of policy research, from theory to practice, and specific venture in Jiangsu province, for example, discusses the strategic significance of digital rural development, facing problems, and on the problem from perfect infrastructure construction, strengthen talent introduction, strengthen the masses aspects put forward the targeted opinions of digital rural construction in our country.

The prevalence of swallowing disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD) is relatively high. Different physiotherapy interventions for swallowing disorders are available but there is a lack of evidence-based medicine for their effectiveness in PD.The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of different physiotherapy interventions on dysphagia in PD.This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. We methodically searched databases including PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. Studies of any language published up to March 2022 were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of non-pharmacological treatment for dysphagia in PD were selected in strict accordance with our exclusion and inclusion criteria.In total, we identified and included 10 RCTs in patients with PD undergoing dysphagia. This review involved seven rehabilitation treatments, including acupuncture, expiratory muscle strength training (EMST), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), video-assisted swallowing therapy (VAST), electrical stimulation, and speech and language therapy (SLT).For physiotherapy treatments, including acupuncture, EMST, high-frequency rTMS and VAST may be effective treatments for dysphagia in patients with PD. However, there was not enough evidence that electrical stimulation has therapeutic effects on dysphagia in patients with PD.

Graphene moiré superlattices show an abundance of correlated insulating, topological, and superconducting phases. Whereas the origins of strong correlations and nontrivial topology can be directly linked to flat bands, the nature of superconductivity remains enigmatic. We demonstrate that magic-angle devices made of twisted tri-, quadri-, and pentalayer graphene placed on monolayer tungsten diselenide exhibit flavor polarization and superconductivity. We also observe insulating states in the tril- and quadrilayer arising at finite electric displacement fields. As the number of layers increases, superconductivity emerges over an enhanced filling-factor range, and in the pentalayer it extends well beyond the filling of four electrons per moiré unit cell. Our results highlight the role of the interplay between flat and more dispersive bands in extending superconducting regions in graphene moiré superlattices.