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Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases in clinical practice. The combined application of metabolomics technology plays a great advantage in the screening of biomarkers. Methods: In this study, Wistar rats were used as experimental subjects to model intractable epilepsy and to detect the metabolic changes of small molecules in plasma. UPLC-MS/MS was used to determine the small molecules in rat plasma. UPLC HSS C18 (2.1mm×100mm, 1.7 μm) column was used for separation, column temperature of 40°C. The initial mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.3% formic acid with gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, total running time 4.0 min. Quantitative analysis was performed with multi-response monitoring (MRM). Results: Compared to the control group, the L-Alanine and L-Arginine decreased in the Epilepsy group (p Conclusion: In the screening of epilepsy biomarkers using metabolomics, various amino acids that lead to increased energy production and neurotransmitter imbalance play an important role in epileptic seizures.

With the fast development of cloud computing methods, exponential growth is faced by several users. It is complicated for traditional data centers to perform several jobs in real-time because of inadequate bandwidth resources. Therefore, the method of fog computing is recommended for supporting and providing fast cloud services. It is not a substitute but is a powerful complement to cloud computing. The reduction of energy consumption through the notion of fog computing has certainly been a challenge for current researchers, industries, and communities. Various industries, including finance and healthcare, require a rich resource-based platform for processing large amounts of data with cloud computing across fog architecture. The consumption of energy across fog servers relies on allocating techniques for services (user requests). It facilitates processing at the edge with the probability of interacting with the cloud. This article proposed energy-aware scheduling by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Modified Multiobjective Job Scheduling (MMJS) techniques. The emphasis of the work is on the reduction of energy consumption rate with less Service Level Agreement (SLA) violation in fog computing for data centers. The result shows that there is a 3.9% reduction in SLA violation when a multiobjective function with Artificial Neural Network is applied.

Additional file 1. Fig. 1. DNA sequence analysis of sTNFRII-Fc gene. (A) DNA sequence analysis of homo sTNFRII. (B) DNA sequence analysis of Fc domain of human IgG1. (C) Blast of sTNFRII-Fc with PrimeSTAR® HS DNA polymerase. (D) Representative pictures of sTNFRII-Fc gene. DNA Ladder (from top to bottom, 5 kb, 3 kb, 2 kb, 1.5 kb, 1 kb, 750 bp, 500 bp, 250 bp, 100 bp). sTNFRII-Fc gene was indicated by a red arrow; Fig. 2. The transfection efficiency of UC-MSCs was verified by flow cytometry (n = 5); Fig. 3. The gating strategies for flow cytometry detecting T- and B-cell subsets in spleen of CIA mice. (A) Th1: CD4+IFN-γ+. (B) Th2: CD4+IL-4+. (C) Th17: CD4+IL-17+. (D) Treg: CD4+CD25+Foxp3+. (E) Tfh: CD4+CXCR5+PD-1+. (F) plasma cells: CD19−CD138+. (G) Breg: CD19+IL-10+; Fig. 4. Transplantation of sTNFRII-MSC regulates the production of matrix degrading enzyme in ankle synovium of CIA mice. (A) Immunohistochemical staining of ADAMTS-5, MMP-13 and TIMP-1 in synovium of ankle joints from normal, CIA mice and mice treated with sTNFRII-MSC. The positive staining for ADAMTS-5 (B), MMP-13 (C) and TIMP-1 (D) was averaged. (E) The ratio of MMP-13/TIMP-1 in synovium of ankle joints from CIA mice was analyzed; Fig. 5. TNF-α + CHX induces apoptosis and autophagy in MSCs. MSCs were treated with TNF-α + CHX for 6, 12, and 24 h. (A) Time-course analysis of apoptosis of MSCs by Annexin V-FITC and PI-PE staining, and analyzed by flow cytometry. (B) The percentage of apoptotic cells were calculated in (A). (C) The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, cleaved caspase-8, LC3B-II and TRIB3 were assessed by western blot. (D) Densitometry quantification of western blot from (C). The intensity of each was normalized to β-actin intensity.

To evaluate the application of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Four-diagnostic Auxiliary Apparatus in disease diagnosis.The liver cancer patients and healthy controls were recruited from Shanghai Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital and Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, respectively. Then, the included subjects were diagnosed by the Four-diagnostic auxiliary apparatus.Thirty liver cancer patients and 30 paired healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Based on the apparatus, the pulse wave velocity was significantly higher in patients compared with controls (P0.05). The number of patients with purple tongue and ecchymosis were more than controls (P0.05). The number of patients (10%) with yellow tongue coating were higher than the controls (0%). Patients were inclined to be with water type and fire type constitution.TCM Four-diagnostic auxiliary apparatus can be applied in clinical diagnosis of body constitution and health status of subjects. It promotes the accuracy and speed for disease diagnosis and TCM standardization.

There are currently a plurality of capacity theories of fading channels, including the ergodic capacity for fast fading channels and outage capacity for slow fading channels. However, analyses show that the outage capacity is a misconception. In this paper we use the 1st order Gaussian-Markov process with coherence coefficient $\alpha$ as the unified model for slow and fast fading channels, the capacity of which without channel side information is studied. We demonstrate that the information rate of a fading channel has a structure that the rate of user message is always accompanied by a rate of channel information. The formula for the channel information rate is derived and turns out to be a non-increasing function of $\alpha$. We prove that there is an asymptotically monotonic behavior of the user information rate with respect to $\alpha$ when the input is independent, identically distributed and Gaussian in the high signal to noise ratio regime. It is further conjectured that the monotonic behavior of the user information rate with respect to $\alpha$ is universal.

Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder and is characterized by a deeply negative view of the world, oneself and the future, and this has been linked to negative ways in attention and comprehension and memory. Acupuncture has proven to have clinical efficacy in the treatment of depression, however, even with resources available for the treatment of this disorder, there are more difficult to eradicate symptoms, are expression of alterations in brain circuits, one of the most important factors for the expression of depression is stress, which has deleterious effects on vulnerable brain structures that impacts the neural circuits involved in chronic way, these neurobiological changes manifest themselves as characteristic behavioural and cognitive depression. In this study the neuroanatomical abnormalities, neural function and alteration of neurobiological circuits are described and analyzed its correspondence to the pathophysiology, organic phenomenology and syndromatic differentiation in traditional chinese medicine and based on this analysis is proposed treatment in scalp-acupuncture specific areas.

Shannon theory is revisited. The generalized channel capacity C = sup_X I(X;Y ) is checked with a negative conclusion.

The capacity region of a multiple access channel is discussed. It was found that orthogonal multiple access and non orthogonal multiple access have the same capacity region under the constraint of same sum power.

The concept of four diagnoses in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is considered the main diagnostic principle in TCM practice. The development of TCM should be based on inheritance and innovation. In recent years, studies on TCM diagnostic equipments have promoted the digital and objective development of TCM in both clinical practice and scientific research. BD-SZ/TCM Four-Diagnoses Auxiliary Apparatus (BD-SZ/TCM-FDAA) detects the pulse and analyzes the tongue through various devices. The health condition of a patient is evaluated by the four-diagnostic analysis system according to TCM theories. The results of TCM diagnosis and the recommended prescriptions are provided to assist in clinical treatment. Developing and integrating an acupuncture module into the BD-SZ/TCM-FDAA is important for the further promotion of TCM both at home and abroad. The prescription of the recommended acupoint also highlights the portable feature of the BD-SZ/TCM-FDAA. The development of an acupuncture module serves an active role in TCM clinical practice, teaching, and self-learning by TCM doctors. This article discusses the structure of the acupuncture module and its integration and optimization with the existing four-diagnoses syndrome-differentiation system of TCM.

The understanding of health has deepened with social development, scientific improvement, and environmental changes. The focus has changed from disease-oriented to health-oriented viewpoint. Hence, it is important to evaluate health using objective and accurate criteria. The four-diagnosis methods and syndrome differentiation are focused on differences among individuals according to the yin, yang, qi, and blood conditions. These differences are closely related to the constitution of a subject. The promotion of constitution identification among healthy and subhealthy groups and patients is beneficial for subjects to understand their body characteristics. It is important in daily health cultivation and disease prevention. Digital and objective information of a subject is acquired by the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Four-Diagnosis Auxiliary Apparatus efficiently and accurately. The automatic extraction and recognition of all the information is an important step in the diagnosis and constitution identification process by TCM.

Non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in the downlink is discussed in this letter. When combined with soft frequency reuse, NOMA is detrimental to user fairness by increasing the data rate of a near user at the cost of data rate of a far user.

MGCD0103, an isotype-selective HDACi, has been clinically evaluated for the treatment of hematologic malignancies and advanced solid tumors, alone and in combination with standard-of-care agents. In this study, we developed a serum metabolomic method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to evaluate the effect of intragastric administration of MGCD0103 on rats. The MGCD0103 group rats were given 20, 40, 80 mg/kg of MGCD0103 by intragastric administration each day for 7 days. Pattern recognition analysis, including both principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that intragastric administration of MGCD0103 induced metabolic perturbations. As compared to the control group, the levels of L-alanine, L-isoleucine, and L-leucine of MGCD0103 group decreased. The results indicate that metabolomic methods based on GC-MS may be useful to elucidate side effect of MGCD0103 through the exploration of biomarkers (L-alanine, L-isoleucine, and L-leucine). According to the pathological changes of liver at difference dosage, MGCD0103 is hepatotoxic and its toxity is dose-dependent.

A multi-level soft frequency reuse (ML-SFR) scheme and a resource allocation methodology are proposed for wireless communication systems in this letter. In the proposed ML-SFR scheme, there are 2N power density limit levels, achieving better interference pattern and further improving the cell edge and overall data rate, compared to the traditional 2-level SFR scheme. The detailed design of an 8-level SFR scheme is demonstrated. Numeral results show that the cell edge spectrum efficiency is increased to 5 times of that of reuse 1 and the overall spectrum efficiency is improved by 31%. ML-SFR can be utilized in the current 4G system and would be a candidate key technology for future 5G systems.

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of emodin, chrysophanol and physcion in Rumex japonicus Houtt. from different places in Zhejiang Province (China) was established. The samples were separated on a Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 5 μm) at at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min using acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase, with a gradient elution. The column oven temperature was 30 °C and the wavelength of detection used was 285 nm. The three anthraquinones were well separated by this HPLC method. Linearities of emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion were good in the ranges of 0.23-46 (r = 0.998), 0.2-50 (r = 0.9999), and 0.5-50 (r = 0.9997) μg/mL, respectively. The average recoveries were 99.01 % for emodin, 100.73 % for chrysophanol, 101.12 % for physcion, with RSD 1.23, 1.09 and 3.42 %, respectively. The method is simple, accurate, reproducible, and it can be used to quality control of Rumex japonicus Houtt., Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aires

A simple and sensitive LC-ESI-MS method for determination of norvancomycin in plasma was developed and validated over the concentration range of 20-2,000 ng/mL. After addition of vancomycin as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation with 5 % trichloroacetic acid was employed for the sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Zorbax SB-C18 (100 mm×2.1 mm, 3.5 μm) column with 10:90 (v/v) acetonitrile-0.1 % formic acid as mobile phase. The MS data acquisition was accomplished by selective ions monitoring (SIM) mode with positive electrospray ionization (ESI) interface. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 20 ng/mL. For inter-day and intra-day tests, the precision (RSD) for the entire validation was less than 12 %. The developed method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of norvancomycin in rats following single intravenous administration dose of 10 mg/Kg., Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aires

This paper presents a hybrid method for the segmentation of SAR sea ice images, which consists of an initial watershed segmentation followed by a region merging. Iterative bilateral filtering is used to reduce speckle noise and suppress irrelevant image details, which can significantly alleviate oversegmentation of watersheds. Since edges are well preserved by bilateral filtering, the watershed algorithm is capable of precisely locating object boundaries. Final segmentation is accomplished by applying an iterative region merging on the watershed regions by taking into account local boundary strengths and regional statistics. The efficiency of the proposed method has been demonstrated on the segmentation of SAR sea ice images. In comparison with traditional watershed algorithm, our method achieves better performance in identifying filament structures such as leads.