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The Turkish Straits are one of the most significant waterways in the world. The straits serve as a link between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, connecting Europe and Asia. The Straits have been a crucial passage for trade and commerce for centuries. However, their strategic location also makes them a potential chokepoint in times of war or conflict. The legal and political status of the Turkish Straits has been a subject of concern for many countries, especially those that rely on these waterways for their trade and security. In an attempt to regulate the legal and political status of the Turkish Straits, which has been a topic of discussion and debate for many years, international treaties and agreements have been used to establish an agreed regime among states. The aim of this book is to provide an overview of the legal and political status of the Turkish Straits. The book analyzes the various international treaties and conventions that regulate the use of the straits and their implications for the parties involved.

Pedestrian groups are commonly found in crowds but research on their social aspects is comparatively lacking. To fill that void in literature, we study the dynamics of collision avoidance between pedestrian groups (in particular dyads) and individual pedestrians in an ecological environment, focusing in particular on (i) how such avoidance depends on the group's social relation (e.g. colleagues, couples, friends or families) and (ii) its intensity of social interaction (indicated by conversation, gaze exchange, gestures etc). By analyzing relative collision avoidance in the ``center of mass'' frame, we were able to quantify how much groups and individuals avoid each other with respect to the aforementioned properties of the group. A mathematical representation using a potential energy function is proposed to model avoidance and it is shown to provide a fair approximation to the empirical observations. We also studied the probability that the individuals disrupt the group by ``passing through it'' (termed as intrusion). We analyzed the dependence of the parameters of the avoidance model and of the probability of intrusion on groups' social relation and intensity of interaction. We confirmed that the stronger social bonding or interaction intensity is, the more prominent collision avoidance turns out. We also confirmed that the probability of intrusion is a decreasing function of interaction intensity and strength of social bonding. Our results suggest that such variability should be accounted for in models and crowd management in general. Namely, public spaces with strongly bonded groups (e.g. a family-oriented amusement park) may require a different approach compared to public spaces with loosely bonded groups (e.g. a business-oriented trade fair)., Comment: 25 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables

Purpose: A novel acute-phase protein, YKL-40, is known as an inflammation-associated glycoprotein. YKL-40 is shown to be linked to inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and tissue remodeling secreted by various cells and is also considered to be stimulated by cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). The present study aimed to investigate YKL-40 and IL-6 levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) after non-surgical periodontal therapy for the first time. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six CP patients and 26 periodontally healthy individuals were enrolled. Clinical measurements were recorded; saliva and GCF samples were obtained at baseline and 1 and 3 months after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Levels of YKL-40 and IL-6 in saliva and GCF were analysed by ELISA. Results: Salivary and GCF YKL-40 and IL-6 levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in CP patients compared to healthy controls at baseline (p < 0.001). At 1 and 3 months after the completion of treatment, both YKL-40 and IL-6 levels in saliva and GCF had statistically significantly decreased compared with baseline values in CP patients (p < 0.001). On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was observed between 1 and 3 months in terms of salivary and GCF YKL-40 and IL-6 levels or any of the clinical findings (p > 0.016). Conclusion: Salivary and GCF YKL-40 levels may be useful to evaluate resolution of periodontal inflammation. Within the limits of this study, YKL-40 acute-phase protein might be a potential biomarkerfor detection of periodontitis and monitoring the response to periodontal therapy. This work was supported by Scientific Research Project Fund of Adnan Menderes University with DHF-17002 project number.

Küreselleşme sürecinin yarattığı koşullar altında “mekân” kavramı, politik ve sosyal anlamları itibariyle değişmiştir. Bu durum güvenliğin (ya da şiddetin varlığı ve yönetiminin) sosyo-mekân çerçevesinde analiz edilmesini gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, geleneksel güvenlik çalışmalarında “ulusal/devletçi perspektif”in barındırdığı ön kabuller üzerinde durulacaktır. İkinci olarak küreselleşme sürecinin kimlikler, hudutlar ve devlet gücü gibi hususlarda yarattığı etkiler güvenlik bağlamında ele alınacaktır. Böyle bir yaklaşımla, devlet merkezli güvenlik anlayışının dışında “kent”ler, siber-alanlar ve küresel politikalar gibi yeni ulusal olmayan güvenlik alanlarını değerlendirmek mümkün olabilecektir. Bu yeni alanların, küreselleşme ve teknolojik ilerlemeler nedeniyle devletlerin güvenlik politikalarında gittikçe daha fazla hesaba katılması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır., Under the conditions created by the globalization process, the concept of "space" has changed in terms of its political and social meanings. Therefore, security needs to be analyzed in a new sociological and spatial framework. In this study, firstly, the assumptions of "national / statist perspective" in traditional security studies will be explained. Secondly, the effects of the globalization process on issues such as identities, borders and state power will be discussed in the context of security. This kind of perspective offers a different vision from the state-centered security understanding. Thus, it will be possible to evaluate new non-national security areas such as "cities", cyber-fields and global policies. It is emphasized that these new areas should increasingly be taken into account in the security policies of states due to globalization and technological advances.

This article presents a glossary of terms that are frequently used in research on human crowds. This topic is inherently multidisciplinary as it includes work in and across computer science, engineering, mathematics, physics, psychology and social science, for example. We do not view the glossary presented here as a collection of finalised and formal definitions. Instead, we suggest it is a snapshot of current views and the starting point of an ongoing process that we hope will be useful in providing some guidance on the use of terminology to develop a mutual understanding across disciplines. The glossary was developed collaboratively during a multidisciplinary meeting. We deliberately allow several definitions of terms, to reflect the confluence of disciplines in the field. This also reflects the fact not all contributors necessarily agree with all definitions in this glossary.

This article presents a glossary of terms that are frequently used in research on human crowds. This topic is inherently multidisciplinary as it includes work in and across computer science, engineering, mathematics, physics, psychology and social science, for example. We do not view the glossary presented here as a collection of finalised and formal definitions. Instead, we suggest it is a snapshot of current views and the starting point of an ongoing process that we hope will be useful in providing some guidance on the use of terminology to develop a mutual understanding across disciplines. The glossary was developed collaboratively during a multidisciplinary meeting. We deliberately allow several definitions of terms, to reflect the confluence of disciplines in the field. This also reflects the fact not all contributors necessarily agree with all definitions in this glossary.

Objective: Resistin is a cytokine involved in insulin resistance, inflammation and immunity. The relationship of resistin with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?, one of the key cytokines of periodontal inflammation, is bidirectional. This study aimed to evaluate salivary resistin and TNF-? levels in different periodontal diseases. Methods and Materials: Saliva samples were collected from 20 generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy individuals. Probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment levels (CAL), papillary bleeding index (PBI) and plaque index were recorded. Salivary resistin and TNF-? levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Inter-group comparison was performed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s post-hoc test. Results: G-AgP, CP and gingivitis groups exhibited higher salivary resistin and TNF-? levels compared to the periodontally healthy controls, however, this did not reach to statistical significance (p>0.05). Although both periodontitis groups had significantly higher mean PD, CAL and PBI scores compared to gingivitis group (p0.05). Conclusion: Within the limits of the present findings, salivary resistin and TNF-? levels could not differentiate periodontal disease from health. Further investigations with larger sample size are needed to elucidate the potential relationship salivary levels of these cytokines with periodontal inflammation., Amaç: Resistin, insülin direnci, enflamasyon ve immünite ile ilişkili bir sitokindir. Resistinin, periodontal enflamasyonun ana sitokinlerinden biri olan tümör nekroz faktör (TNF)-? ile olan ilişkisi çift yönlüdür. Bu çalışma farklı periodontal hastalıklarda tükürük resistin ve TNF-? seviyelerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Tükürük örnekleri, 20 yaygın agresif periodontitis (Y-AgP), 20 kronik periodontitis (KP), 20 gingivitis hastası ile 20 periodontal sağlıklı bireyden elde edildi. Sondalanan cep derinliği (SCD), klinik ataşman seviyesi (KAS), papil kanama indeksi (PKİ) ve plak indeksi değerleri kaydedildi. Tükürük resistin ve TNF-? seviyeleri enzim bağlı immunosorbent yöntemi ile analiz edildi. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar, Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Dunn post-hoc testi ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Y-AgP, KP ve gingivitis gruplarının tükürük resistin ve TNF-? seviyeleri, periodontal sağlıklı bireylerden yüksekti ancak bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı (p>0.05). Her iki periodontitis grubunun SCD, KAS ve PKİ ortalama değerleri, gingivitis grubundan anlamlı yüksek olmasına rağmen (p0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sınırlamaları dahilinde, tükürük resistin ve TNF-? seviyeleri periodontal hastalığı, periodontal sağlıktan ayıramamıştır. Bu sitokinlerin tükürükteki seviyelerinin periodontal enflamasyon ile olan olası ilişkisini aydınlatmak için daha geniş örneklem büyüklüğüne sahip ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

We investigate the effect of groups on a bi-directional flow, by using novel computational methods. Our focus is on self-organisation phenomena, and more specifically on the time needed for the occurrence of pedestrian lanes, their stability and their effect on the velocity-density relation. Moreover, we are interested in understanding the amount of physical contact in the crowd. To this end, we use a novel model considering the asymmetrical shape of the human body and describing its rotation during collision avoidance, and combine it to a mathematical model of group behaviour. We configure several scenarios by varying the global density $\rho$ of pedestrians and the ratio $r_g$ describing the percentage of grouped pedestrians in the simulation. Our results show that the presence of groups has a significant effect on velocity and lane organisation, and a dramatic one on collision. We are well aware of the limitations of our approach, in particular concerning (i) the lack of calibration of body rotation in collision avoidance on actual data and (ii) straightforward application of a low density group model to higher density settings. We nevertheless want to stress that it is not our intention to state that our results reproduce the actual effect of groups on bi-directional flow. In particular, it seems highly unrealistic that crowds with groups collide extremely more often. Nevertheless we believe that our results show the great theoretical and practical implication of the consideration of realistic group behaviour in pedestrian models, and suggest that realistic results may hardly be achieved simply by adding together modular models., Comment: Presented at TGF 2019

Bu tezde görsel girdi ve otomatik karar tabanlı davranış tanıma ve anlaması araştırılmıştır. Davranış çözümlemesi hayvan davranışlarından insan davranışlarına kadar geniş bir kapsamda yürütülmüştür. Bu geniş kapsam dolayısıyla incelemelerimizi ana iki bölüm içinde sunuyoruz. Bölüm I'de ilaç görüntüleme deneyleri bakımından laboratuvar hayvanlarının lokomotor hareketleri ve Bölüm II'de ise görsel ilgi bakımından insan davranışlarının çözümlemesi incelenmektedir.Bölüm I'de sunulan hayvan davranış çözümleme yöntemi arka plan çıkarımına dayalı hareket izleme, elde edilen yol ve hız bilgisinden ayıredici davranışsal nitelikleri belirleme, bu nitelikleri öznitelikler yoluyla özetleme ve bu öznitelikleri sınıflandırma işlemlerinden oluşmaktadır. Bölüm I'de sunulan deneylergöstermektedir ki önerilen hayvan davranış çözümleme sistemi davranışsal ve nörofarmakolojik çalışmalarda olduğu kadar ilaç görüntüleme ve toksikoloji çalışmalarında da fayda sağlayacaktır. Bu durum, önerilen yöntemin ayırdedici davranışsal değişiklikleri tespit etmedeki üstün yeteneğine bağlıdır.Bölüm II'de sunulan insan davranış çözümleme şeması, sınırlandırılmamış ortamlarda ilgi sabitleme noktalarının belirlenmesi için etkili bir yöntem önermektedir. Deneyi yapan kişinin kafası eliptik bir silindir olarak modellenmektedir. Bu kafa modeli Lucas-Kanade optik akış yöntemi ile izlenmekte ve buna göre duruş değerleri kestirilmektedir. Ardından çözümlenen duruşlar iki Gauss bağlanımı ile bakış doğrultusuna ve bakılan nesnenin derinli ğine dönüştürülmektedir. Bağlanım çıktıları nesne merkezi konumlarınınbirincil kestirimlerini bulmak amacıyla çakıştırılmaktadır. Bu kestirimler insan seğirmelerini gerçekçi bir şekilde taklit etmek bakımından biriktirilmekte ve nihai kestirimleri elde etmek için muhtemel bölge üzerinde belirginlik hesaplanmaktadır.Bölüm II'de sunulan insan davranış çözümleme yönteminin kapsamlı genelleme kabiliyetini kanıtlayarak, hızlı bakış doğrultusu kestiriminin etkileşim güdümlü robot iletişiminde birleşik ilgi kurulmasını sağlayabileceğiniöngörülmektedir. In this thesis, recognition and understanding of behavior based on visual inputs and automated decision schemes are investigated. Behavior analysis is carried out on a wide scope ranging from animal behavior to human behavior. Due to this extensive coverage, we present our work in two main parts. Part I ofthe thesis investigates locomotor behavior of lab animals with particular focus on drug screening experiments, and Part II investigates analysis of behavior in humans, with specific focus on visual attention.The animal behavior analysis method presented in Part I, is composed of motion tracking based on background subtraction, determination of discriminative behavioral characteristics from the extracted path and speed information, summarization of these characteristics in terms of feature vectors and lassification of feature vectors. The experiments presented in Part I indicate that the proposed animal behavior analysis system proves very useful in behavioral and neuropharmacological studies as well as in drug screening and toxicology studies. This is due to the superior capability of the proposed method in detecting discriminative behavioral alterations in response to pharmacological manipulations.The human behavior analysis scheme presented in Part II proposes an efficient method to resolve attention fixation points in unconstrained settings adopting a developmental psychology point of view. The head of the experimenter is modeled as an elliptic cylinder. The head model is tracked using Lucas-Kanade optical flow method and the pose values are estimated accordingly. The resolved poses are then transformed into the gaze direction and the depth of the attended object through two Gaussian regressors. The regression outputs are superposed to find the initial estimates for object center locations. These estimates are pooled to mimic human saccades realistically and saliency is computed in theprospective region to determine the final estimates for attention fixation points. Verifying the extensive generalization capabilities of the human behavior analysis method given in Part II, we propose that rapid gaze estimation can be achieved for establishing joint attention in interaction-driven robot communication as well. 143

Date of Conference: 25-29 Aug. 2008 Conference name: 16th European Signal Processing Conference, 2008 Symptoms of epilepsy, which is characterized by abnormal brain electrical activity, can be observed on electroencephalography (EEG) signal. This paper employs models of chaotic measures on standard clinical subbands of EEG and aims to help detection of epilepsy seizures and diagnosis of epileptic indicators in interictal signals. copyright by EURASIP.

Avrupa Senedi ile telaffuz edilmeye baslayan Avrupa Birligi içinde ortak bir dıs politika gelistirmeiradesi, 1990'lı yıllarda hem uluslararası sistemde hem de Avrupa Birligi sisteminde ortaya çıkan yeniolgular temelinde hızlanarak, Maastricht Antlasması'nın imzalanmasının ardından Ortak Dıs Politika veGüvenlik Politikasının olusturulmasının kabul edilmesiyle, somut bir görünüm kazanmıstır. AvrupaBirligi, Ortak Dıs Politika ve Güvenlik Politikası'nın dogal bir uzantısı olarak, Avrupa Güvenlik veSavunma Politikasının gelistirilmesini de burada kabul etmislerdir. Bu dogrultuda, çalısmalarhızlandırılmıs, Amsterdam ve Nice Antlasmaları ile AGSP'na iliskin sistemin gerekli araç ve yeteneklerekavusturulması saglanmaya çalısılmıstır. Bu süreç devam ederken Avrupa Birligi içerisinde, Türkiye'nin1987'de tam üyelik basvurusuyla yeni bir görünüme kavusan iliskiler, 1990'lı ve 2000'li yıllarda ortayaçıkan gelismeler ısıgında Avrupa Birligi'nin Genisleme Politikası, ODGP ve AGSP ile de baglantılı halegelmistir. Son dönemde Türkiye ve Avrupa Birligi arasındaki iliskileri etkileyen en önemli konulardanbirisi olan AGSP, kültür ve kimlik açılımları da içermektedir. Türkiye'nin gelistirilmeye çalısılanAGSP'na olan yaklasımı, kaygıları ve bu politikaya getirecegi açılımlar, hem uluslararası etkenler hembölgesel dinamikler hem de tarafların dıs politik çıkarları ve güvenlik algılamaları dogrultusundaislenecektir. Ulusüstü bir deger dagıtım sistemi olarak, siyasal bütünlesme sürecini tamamlama yolundakiAvrupa Birligi'nin, ortak yarar temelinde, ortak degerler ve normlar dogrultusunda gelistirmeye çalıstıgıAGSP'nın, bölgesel ve küresel etkileri ile Türkiye'nin buradaki konumu, kamuoyu destegi, siyasi irade vedıs politika gelismeleri ele alınarak incelenecektir. Development of a common foreign and security policy in the EU, was emphasized with the SingleEuropean Act in1986. Process of development a common foreign policy accelerated in 1990?s. In this era,some radical changes occurred in international system, such as declining Soviet power and communistsystem, existing new independent states, transformation process of Central European countries. The EU,as a supranational system and as a global actor, affected from all these developments and startedimproving its strategic interests and security aims. With signing Maastricht Treaty, Europeans began towork on design a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and also, they took responsibilities ofcreating a credible European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP). ESDP is being created as a dimensionof the Union?s Common Foreign and Security Policy. Relevant with these developments, the EU beganstrengthening its identity and own statue at global and regional level. Arrangements of Amsterdam andNice Treaties are known as important developments because of aiming to provide assets and capabilitieswhich are necessary to development a credible Foreign and Security policy in the EU. The EU is eager tobe part of the picture whenever security problems arise in Europe. Since the Turkish full membershipapplication to the EC in 1987, relations between two parties gained a new phase. Turkey and theEuropean Union relations were affected by European Union Enlargement Policy, CFSP and ESDP. Thesethere policy areas of the EU have strong cultural roots and identity dimensions. So, the Turkish concernsand opinions according to integration, enlargement process of EU and its position according to ESDPwere examined in the basis of international effects, regional dynamics, political interests and securityperceptions. 277

Işitsel ve gürsel dosyalar işin sıfır atamalı süzgeş kümeleri yoluyla dalgacıkayrışımına dayalı bir damgalama yüntemi ünerilmiştir. Sıfır atamalı süzgeşkümeleri yüksek ve alşak geşiren süzgeşlerde atanmış sıfırlara sahip, mükemmelyeniden inşa üzelliğinde, bileşik dürdül ikiz (conjugate quadrature mirror) süzgeşkümeleridir. Bunlar Daubechies dalgacıklarını doğuran süzgeş kümelerinin birgenellemesine tekabül eder.Damgalama yüntemi, verilen bir zaman ya da uzay işaretini sabit boyuttakişerşevelere ayırmak, her şerşevenin değişik atanmış sıfırlara sahip süzgeş kümeleriile dalgacık ayrışımını hesaplamak, dalgacık ayrışımındaki uygun bir katsayıkümesini sıkıştırmak ve şerşeveleri sıkıştırılmış katsayılarından yeniden inşaetmekten oluşur. Gerşekte, bu yüntem her şerşeveye o şerşevenin dalgacıkayrışımında kullanılan süzgeş kümesine bağlı olarak `0' yada `1' bitini kodlar.Yüntemin algısal olarak saydam ve kanal gürültüsüne olduğu kadar damgayı or-tadan kaldırmaya yünelik gürültüden arındırma, kestirme ve sıkıştırma gibi şeşitlisaldılara karşı da dinş olduğu güsterilmiştir. Ayrıca algoritma üzgün işarete tespitaşamasında ihtiyaş duymaz.Bu yüntemde kullanılan şoklu onay anahtarlarınınbant genişliği gereksinimi de makuldur.Anahtar süzcükler : Dalgacıklar, süzgeş kümeleri, sıfır atama, damgalama. A watermarking scheme for audio and image ï¬les is proposed based on waveletdecomposition via zero assigned ï¬lter banks. Zero assigned ï¬lter banks are per-fect reconstruction, conjugate quadrature mirror ï¬lter banks with assigned zerosin low pass and high pass ï¬lters. They correspond to a generalization of ï¬lterbanks that yield Daubechies wavelets.The watermarking method consists of partitioning a given time or space sig-nal into frames of ï¬xed size, wavelet decomposing each frame via one of two ï¬lterbanks with diï¬erent assigned zeros, compressing a suitable set of coeï¬cients inthe wavelet decomposition, and reconstructing the signal from the compressedcoeï¬cients of frames. In eï¬ect, this method encodes the bit `0? or `1? in eachframe depending on the ï¬lter bank that is used in the wavelet decomposition ofthat frame.The method is shown to be perceptually transparent and robust against channelnoise as well as against various attacks to remove the watermark such as denois-ing, estimation, and compression. Moreover, the original signal is not neededfor detection and the bandwidth requirement of the multiple authentication keysthat are used in this method is very modest.Keywords: Wavelets, ï¬lter banks, zero assignment, watermarking. 109

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IV ÖZET Bu çalışmanın amacı, çoklu doğrusal regresyonda, önkestirim amaçları için, C ve PRESS seçim ölçütlerinin birlikte kullanımlarını incelemektir. Birinci Bölüm1 de, değişken seçimi sorunu ve gerekliliği üzerinde durularak çalışmanın amaçları belirtildi. İkinci Bölüm' de, değişken seçimi tanımı ve kuramsal özellikleri ile değişken seçim teknikleri ve ölçütleri ne ilişkin bir derlemeden oluşan genel bilgiler verildi. Üçüncü Bölüm' de, amaca yönelik olarak iki çalışma veril di. Bölümün ilk kesiminde, ele alınacak alt küme sayısını azaltmak amacıyla kullanılan kesirli tekrarlar yönteminin, kimya verileri üzerinden C ve PRESS değerlerine uygulanmasının bulguları irdelendi. İkinci kesimde ise, değişik etkenler dikkate alınarak C ve PRESS ile elde P P edilen benzeşim seçim bulguları karşılaştırıldı. Sonuç olarak, C ve PRESS ile yapılan seçimlerin etkenlerin birçok düzeylerinde benzer oldukları gösterildi. C 4- P koşulunu sağlayan alt kümelerden, en küçük ya da en küçüğe yakın PRESS değerine sahip alt kümelerin önkestirim amaçları için kullanıcıya önerilebileceği sonucuna ulaşıldı. Bölümün sonunda jeolojik veriler üzerinde bir uygu lama yapıldı. Son bölümde çalışma ile ilgili genel bir değerlendirme verildi. SUMMARY The purpose of this study is to investigate the uses of C and PRESS variable selection criteria for the predic- P P tion purposes in multiple linear regression. In the First Chapter, the purpose of this study is stated by emphasizing variable selection problem and necessity of variable selection. A general information about variable selection definition, theoretical characteristics of variable selection, variable selection techniques and criteria are given in the Second Chapter. Two numerical examples are available in the Third Chapter, In the first section of this Chapter, the Fractional Rep licates Method that used for reducing the number of sub- sets is employed on the C and PRESS values of chemical * P P data. Then the application results are discussed. In the second section, various factors are considered and the si mulation selection results, obtained from C and PRESS P P are compared. As a result, it is indicated that the selections made by using C and PRESS are similar to P P each other for several different levels of the factors. It is concluded that the subsets which provide the condi tion of C ^ p and have least or generally less PRESS p p values seems to be possible to advise for prediction purposes. A general evaluation on this study takes place in the last Chapter. 65

The Objective This study aimed to analyze active matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva and serum in the context of new criteria of gingivitis and stage 3 grade C periodontitis. the Background Periodontal disease is an inflammatory process that can result in tooth loss and also is considered a modifying factor for systemic health. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 is the major collagenase of periodontal tissue breakdown. Methods Totally 83 systemically healthy and non-smoker individuals consisting of 23 periodontally healthy, 20 gingivitis and 40 stage 3 periodontitis, were recruited to the study. Clinical periodontal examinations of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded; and GCF, saliva and serum samples were obtained. aMMP-8 was measured by immunofluorometric assay (IFMA). Results GCF and serum aMMP-8 levels were significantly increased in periodontitis and gingivitis compared to healthy ones (P < .001), whereas gingivitis and periodontitis patients showed similar levels of aMMP-8 in GCF and serum (P > .05). Saliva levels of aMMP-8 were higher in periodontitis patients than both gingivitis and healthy individuals (P < .001). There was no significant difference in salivary aMMP-8 levels between gingivitis group and healthy controls (P > .05). Conclusion These findings support the involvement of aMMP-8 in periodontal diseases and suggest that its local and systemic levels can reflect stage 3 grade C periodontitis. Moreover, aMMP-8 in GCF and serum seems to have a potential to differentiate between gingivitis and periodontal health., University of Helsinki Research Foundation [TYH2016251, TYH2017251, TYH2018229, TYH2019319, Y101SL017, Y1014SL018, Y1014SULE1], University of Helsinki Research Foundation, Grant/Award Number: TYH2016251, TYH2017251, TYH2018229, TYH2019319, Y101SL017, Y1014SL018 and Y1014SULE1