143 results on '"Xiaojian Zhao"'
Search Results
2. Strategic Information Suppression in Borrowing and Pre-Lending Cognition: Theory and Evidence
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Zhongwen Chen and Xiaojian Zhao
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Statistics and Probability ,information suppression ,cognition ,motivated belief ,awareness ,P2P platforms ,Applied Mathematics ,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty - Abstract
This paper theoretically studies the interaction between an informed borrower and an uninformed lender facing possible default of a loan application. The lender is motivated to invest cognitive resources before making a lending decision. If the regulatory fine is weak, it is impossible for a bad-debt borrower to fully disclose his situation in the application. In this case, when the likelihood of a bad debt is low, the borrower always claims that nothing in the application is wrong. Otherwise, the borrower randomizes between full disclosure and information suppression. The transaction cost of the lender’s pre-lending cognition increases with the default probability, as the default probability is small and decreases thereafter. Evidence from a peer-to-peer lending platform with 816,274 observations between 2012 and 2015 in the United States is largely consistent with our model implications.
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- 2023
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3. Circ-ATIC Serves as a Sponge of miR-326 to Accelerate Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Targeting ID1
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Bing Zhang, Weiwei Chu, Zhe Li, Yaxiao Zhang, Qiang Zhen, Baolei Lv, Jiabao Liu, Caiping Lu, and Xiaojian Zhao
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,Esophageal Neoplasms ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Genetics ,Animals ,Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Cell Proliferation - Abstract
In the previous studies, circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to be closely related to the occurrence and development of various cancers. However, the role and mechanism of circ-ATIC in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is not yet clear. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of circ-ATIC, microRNA (miR)-326 and inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) in tissues (n = 50) and cells. Cell counting kit 8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing assay and transwell assay were performed to measure the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of cells. In addition, the oxidative stress of cells was evaluated by detecting the productions of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. Animal studies were implied to explore the role of circ-ATIC in ESCC tumor growth. The relationship between circ-ATIC and miR-326 or ID1 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Additionally, the protein expression of ID1 was examined by western blot assay. Circ-ATIC was found to be upregulated in ESCC tissues and cells. Silenced circ-ATIC suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, promoted the apoptosis and oxidative stress of ESCC cells. The tumor growth of ESCC also was inhibited by circ-ATIC knockdown. Furthermore, we found that circ-ATIC could sponge miR-326, and miR-326 could target ID1. The rescue experiments revealed that miR-326 inhibitor could reverse the negative regulation of circ-ATIC silencing on ESCC progression, and ID1 overexpression also inverted the inhibitory effect of miR-326 on ESCC progression. In addition, we confirmed that the expression of ID1 was positively regulated by circ-ATIC. Our study showed that circ-ATIC facilitated the progression of ESCC by regulating the miR-326/ID1 axis, indicating that circ-ATIC might be a target for ESCC treatment.
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- 2022
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4. Crystal facet effect of tin dioxide nanocrystals on photocatalytic degradation and photo-assisted gas sensing properties
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Yan Liang, Zhongke Xiang, Xiaojian Zhao, Feifei Xiang, Peipei Yan, Ting Yu, Xin Li, and Yong Yang
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General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics - Abstract
The crystal facet effect of tin dioxide nanocrystals on photocatalytic degradation of water pollutants and photo-assisted ammonia sensing properties was studied.
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- 2022
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5. Spatiotemporal correlation and control of wall pressure fluctuations induced by subsonic cavity flows
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Yingchun Chen, Kangle Xu, and Xiaojian Zhao
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Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Physics ,Flow control (data) ,Leading edge ,Flow (psychology) ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Trailing edge ,Wavenumber ,Spectral density ,Mechanics ,Vortex generator ,Sound pressure ,Mathematical Physics - Abstract
Strong wall pressure fluctuations are generated mostly by a high-speed flow passing over a cavity and should be accurately predicted and controlled for the structural design of aircraft. In this work, a spatiotemporal analysis was performed to estimate wall pressure fluctuations and reveal the mechanism of flow control by a sawtooth-like vortex generator installed on the leading edge or by the use of a rounded trailing edge in suppressing wall pressure fluctuations. Both the cavity tones and overall sound pressure level were analyzed under different flow speeds and flow control approaches. To investigate the power transfer in the temporal and spatial domains, power spectral density contours were drawn and discussed. For the mode separation, the phased array technique with an improved beamforming algorithm was adopted to calculate the wavenumber map and then to separate the acoustic modes from the convective modes by utilizing the spatial correlation of the wall pressure fluctuations. The mode separation results show that the convective modes contribute mainly to the low-frequency pressure fluctuations, while the acoustic modes contribute to both the low-frequency and high-frequency pressure fluctuations. Flow control by the rounded trailing edge approach is more effective than that by the serrated structure approach in reducing the cavity acoustic environment, which enables wall pressure fluctuations to transfer from the high-frequency range to the low-frequency range compared with the “no control” case.
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- 2021
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6. Natural glycosidic antioxidants from Cynanchum atratum roots
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Penghua Shu, Nianci Li, Jialong Zhang, Yuan Yang, Qiuyue Zhao, Guangwei Liu, Hui Zhang, Xiaojian Zhao, Yueyue Lou, Ting Xu, Qing Liu, and Fugang Xiao
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Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Two new rhamnosides, 18-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosylabietic acid (1) and (E)-3,5-dimethoxystilben-4'-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (2), five known glucosides (3-7) along with three others were isolated from Cynanchum atratum roots. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by physical data analyses such as NMR, UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, as well as acid hydrolysis. All of them were assessed for their antioxidant activities through 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical ion (ABTS•
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- 2022
7. Delegation and Information Disclosure with Unforeseen Contingencies
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Haoran Lei and Xiaojian Zhao
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Actuarial science ,Delegate ,Delegation ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Incentive ,0502 economics and business ,Information disclosure ,Business ,050207 economics ,Set (psychology) ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,050205 econometrics ,media_common - Abstract
We incorporate unawareness into the delegation problem between a financial expert and an investor, and study their pre-delegation communication. The expert has superior awareness of the possible states of the world, and decides whether to reveal some of them to the investor. We find that the expert reveals all the possible states to the investor if the investor is initially aware of a large set of possible states, but reveals partially or nothing otherwise. An investor with a higher degree of unawareness tends to delegate a larger set of projects to the expert, giving rise to a higher incentive for the expert to keep her unaware.
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- 2021
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8. Wall Pressure Fluctuations Beneath Hypersonic Boundary Layer over Plate
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Lei Zhao and XiaoJian Zhao
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020301 aerospace & aeronautics ,Hypersonic speed ,Materials science ,Direct numerical simulation ,Hypersonic flight ,Aerospace Engineering ,Spectral density ,02 engineering and technology ,Mechanics ,Wall pressure ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Boundary layer ,0203 mechanical engineering ,0103 physical sciences ,Structural vibration ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,Sound pressure ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Abstract
Wall pressure fluctuations beneath a boundary layer are the main cause of structural vibration for hypersonic aircraft. To accurately predict the load environment of pressure fluctuations, a measur...
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- 2021
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9. Crystal facets-controlled NiO/SnO2 p-n heterostructures with engineered surface and interface towards triethylamine sensing
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Yan Liang, Hongying Li, Xiaojian Zhao, Li Xue, Lu Tang, Fei Xue, Ting Yu, and Yong Yang
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Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys - Published
- 2023
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10. Diachronous subduction of the Proto-Tethys Ocean along the northern margin of East Gondwana: Insights from SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS zircon geochronology in the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt, Northwestern China
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Denghui Chen, Xiaofeng Gao, Xianfeng Zha, Lipeng Zhang, Xiaojian Zhao, Qinglin Sui, Jiming Sun, and Weidong Sun
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Subduction ,020209 energy ,Geochemistry ,Geology ,02 engineering and technology ,Diachronous ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Tethys Ocean ,01 natural sciences ,Gondwana ,Geochronology ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Igneous differentiation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Terrane ,Zircon - Abstract
The geological evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean remains vague. The Tianshuihai Terrane (TSHT), a subterrane of the West Kunlun, distributed to the south of the Proto-Tethys Ocean during the Earl...
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- 2021
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11. Motivated False Memory
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Soo Hong Chew, Wei Huang, and Xiaojian Zhao
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Economics and Econometrics ,Relation (database) ,Memory errors ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,False memory ,050207 economics ,Time preference ,Psychology ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
People often forget and sometimes fantasize. This paper reports a large-scale experiment on memory errors and their relation to preferential traits including time preference, attitudes toward risk ...
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- 2020
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12. Improved Technique for Evaluation of Wall Pressure Fluctuations from Turbulent Boundary Layer
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JuanMian Lei and XiaoJian Zhao
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020301 aerospace & aeronautics ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Aerospace Engineering ,Spectral density ,02 engineering and technology ,Mechanics ,Computational fluid dynamics ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Vibration ,Boundary layer ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Flow velocity ,0103 physical sciences ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,Sound pressure ,business ,Noise (radio) ,Excitation - Abstract
The wall pressure fluctuations produced by a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) are the main excitation of structural vibrations and cabin noise in aircraft. To precisely estimate the structural vibrat...
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- 2020
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13. Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of the early Carboniferous volcanic rocks in West Junggar, NW China
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Kai Weng, Yunpeng Dong, Kai Cao, Xiaojian Zhao, Zhongping Ma, and Bo Chen
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Volcanic rock ,geography ,Tectonics ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Carboniferous ,Geochemistry ,Geology ,China ,Petrogenesis - Published
- 2020
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14. Financial Fraud and Investor Awareness
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Zhengqing Gui, Yangguang Huang, and Xiaojian Zhao
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
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15. Status and Hierarchy: Field Evidence from Vervet Monkeys
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Xiu Chen, Roberta Dessi, Riccardo Pansini, and Xiaojian Zhao
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- 2022
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16. A tale of elemental accumulation and recycling in the metamorphosed Keketale VMS-type Pb-Zn deposit, Altai Mountains
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Chao Sun, Huishan Zhang, Xiaoyong Yang, Wenhua Ji, Bo Chen, Yanguang Li, Zengchan Dong, Mohamed Faisal, Mengqi Jin, and Xiaojian Zhao
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General Earth and Planetary Sciences - Published
- 2023
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17. Expedition 383 methods
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C. Basak, Mariem Saavedra-Pellitero, Jesse Farmer, Xiaojian Zhao, L. Lo, J.S. Stoner, Christina R. Riesselman, Helge W Arz, Oliver Esper, Shiming Wan, Gisela Winckler, Frank Lamy, L.C. Herbert, Jennifer L. Middleton, L. Lembke-Jene, A.L. Souza, S. Moretti, C. A. Alvarez Zarikian, Elisa Malinverno, E. Michel, Anieke Brombacher, Christopher M. Moy, I. Seo, Ana Christina Ravelo, R.A. Smith, Raj K. Singh, V.J. Lawson, N. Foucher McColl, Igor Martins Venancio, J. Gottschalk, Shinya Iwasaki, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,International Ocean Discovery Program ,[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment ,Geology ,IODP ,JOIDES Resolution ,Expedition 383 - Abstract
International audience; Introduction 5 Sedimentology 11 Biostratigraphy 20 Paleomagnetism 22 Geochemistry 25 Physical properties 31 Downhole measurements 32 Stratigraphic correlation 34 References
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- 2021
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18. Concentration and variability of forecasts in artificial investment games: an online experiment on WeChat
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Xiaojian Zhao, Xiu Chen, and Fuhai Hong
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Microeconomics ,Public investment ,Investment decisions ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ,Financial market ,050206 economic theory ,Business ,050207 economics ,Affect (psychology) ,Investment (macroeconomics) - Abstract
This paper is the first to use the WeChat platform, one of the largest social networks, to conduct an online experiment of artificial investment games. We investigate how people’s forecasts about the financial market and investment decisions are shaped by whether they can observe others’ forecasts and whether they engage in public or private investment decisions. We find that with forecast sharing, subjects’ forecasts converge but in different directions across groups; consequently, forecast sharing does not lead to better forecasts nor more individually rational investment decisions. Whether or not subjects engage in public investment decisions does not significantly affect forecasts or investment.
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- 2019
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19. An algorithm to separate wind tunnel background noise from turbulent boundary layer excitation
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Juanmian Lei, Jie Zhou, Xiaojian Zhao, and Mingsui Yang
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Physics ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Jet (fluid) ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,Aerospace Engineering ,TL1-4050 ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Sound intensity ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Background noise ,Boundary layer ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,0103 physical sciences ,Total pressure ,Transonic ,Noise (radio) ,Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics ,Wind tunnel - Abstract
Wall pressure fluctuations generated by Turbulent Boundary Layers (TBL) provide a significant contribution in reducing the structural vibration and the aircraft cabin noise. However, it is difficult to evaluate these fluctuations accurately through a wind tunnel test because of the pollution caused by the background noise generated by the jet or the valve of the wind tunnel. In this study, a new technology named Subsection Approaching Method (SAM) is proposed to separate the wall pressure fluctuations from the background noise induced by the jet or the valve for a transonic wind tunnel test. The SAM demonstrates good performance on separating the background noise from the total pressure compared to the other method in this study. The investigation considers the effects of the sound intensity and the decay factor on the sound-source separation. The results show that the SAM can derive wall pressure fluctuations effectively even when the level of background noise is considerably higher than the level of the wall pressure fluctuations caused by the TBL. In addition, the computational precision is also analyzed based on the broad band noise tested in the wind tunnel. Two methods to improve the precision of the computation with the SAM are also suggested: decreasing the loop gain and increasing the sensors for the signal analysis. Keywords: Background noise, Sound source separation, Turbulent boundary layer, Wall pressure fluctuation, Wind tunnel
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- 2019
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20. Fabricating multilayer emulsions by using OSA starch and chitosan suitable for spray drying: Application in the encapsulation of β-carotene
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Yanmei Liu, Sheng Fang, Yuexi Yang, Xianrui Liang, and Xiaojian Zhao
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Materials science ,010304 chemical physics ,Starch ,General Chemical Engineering ,Bilayer ,Dispersity ,Succinic anhydride ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Chemistry ,Maltodextrin ,040401 food science ,01 natural sciences ,Chitosan ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Spray drying ,0103 physical sciences ,Emulsion ,Food Science - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the application of octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch and chitosan to form multilayer nanoemulsions in the spray-drying microencapsulation of β-carotene in oil. Initially, the single and bilayer nanoemulsions were prepared and optimized by varying their compositions with the characterization of mean particle diameter (MPD), polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta-potential (ZP). The optimized composition of the bilayer emulsion was 9 wt% medium chain triglycerides (MCT) oil phase, 4.6 wt% OSA starch and 0.3 wt% chitosan. The MPD, PDI and ZP of the bilayer emulsion were 183.6 ± 0.7 nm, 0.17 ± 0.03 and 24.9 ± 1.9 mV, respectively. The stability of single and bilayer emulsions against acidic pH was evaluated. In the spray-drying process, the effects of OSA starch/maltodextrin as wall materials on the bilayer emulsion were investigated. Another complex interfacial layer with adjustable surface positive charges could be formed by mixing the bilayer emulsion with these wall materials. The spray-dried microencapsulated particles were characterized and the degradation of β-carotene at different temperatures was studied. The stability of encapsulated β-carotene was influenced by the different constituents at the oil in water interface and the multilayer interface was demonstrated to provide the best protection during storage. These results have important implications for the spray-drying microencapsulation of functional additives with OSA starch as both emulsifier and wall materials.
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- 2019
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21. A scaling procedure for measuring thermal structural vibration generated by wall pressure fluctuation
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Haibo Chen, Juanmian Lei, Bangcheng Ai, and Xiaojian Zhao
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,Hypersonic speed ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Aerospace Engineering ,TL1-4050 ,02 engineering and technology ,Mechanics ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Vibration ,Boundary layer ,Nonlinear system ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Buckling ,0103 physical sciences ,Thermal ,Physics::Space Physics ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,Scaling ,Wind tunnel ,Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics - Abstract
This paper attempts to develop a scaling procedure to measure structural vibration caused simultaneously by wall pressure fluctuations and the thermal load of hypersonic flow by a wind tunnel test. However, simulating the effect of thermal load is difficult with a scaled model in a wind tunnel due to the nonlinear effect of thermal load on a structure. In this work, the temperature variation of a structure is proposed to indicate the nonlinear effect of the thermal load, which provides a means to simulate both the thermal load and wall pressure fluctuations of a hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer (TBL) in a wind tunnel test. To validate the scaling procedure, both numerical computations and measurements are performed in this work. Theoretical results show that the scaling procedure can also be adapted to the buckling temperature of a structure even though the scaling procedure is derived from a reference temperature below the critical temperature of the structure. For the measurement, wall pressure fluctuations and thermal environment are simulated by creating hypersonic flow in a wind tunnel. Some encouraging results demonstrate the effectiveness of the scaling procedure for assessing structural vibration generated by hypersonic flow. The scaling procedure developed in this study will provide theoretical support to develop a new measurement technology to evaluate vibration of aircraft due to hypersonic flow. Keywords: Aero-thermal, Hypersonic, Scaling procedure, Structure vibration, Turbulent boundary layer
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- 2019
22. Numerical simulation and performance optimization of GeSe based thin film solar cell with NiO as back surface field layer
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Xiaojian Zhao, Yan Liang, Li Xue, Guijin Li, and Fangfang Guo
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Inorganic Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Spectroscopy ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
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23. MiR-519d-3p enhances the sensitivity of non-small-cell lung cancer to tyrosine kinase inhibitors
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Yaxiao Zhang, Li-Na Gao, Baolei Lv, Renfeng Wang, Qiang Zhen, Jiabao Liu, Huixian Li, Bing Zhang, Zhe Li, Xiaojian Zhao, and Weiwei Chu
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Chemotherapy ,Lung Neoplasms ,Cell growth ,medicine.medical_treatment ,EPAS1 ,Cancer ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Blot ,MicroRNAs ,Gefitinib ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Genetics ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Humans ,Lung cancer ,neoplasms ,Tyrosine kinase ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are currently the most effective chemotherapy for NSCLC. However, most cancer patients develop TKI resistance at tumor relapse stage. We firstly measured the expression change of miR-519d-3p in TKI resistance NSCLC cells. We then ectopically expressed miR-519-3p in TKI resistant cells to study its functional impact on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell sensitivity to gefitinib. The downstream target of miR-519-3p was identified by bioinformatics and validated in luciferase reporter assay and western blotting analysis. We also studied the reversing effect of the candidate target in NSCLC cells expressing miR-519d-3p. Lastly, we compared the miR-519d-3p level in NSCLC patients with good or poor response to gefitinib. miR-519d-3p level was downregulated in TKI resistant NSCLC cells. The restoration of miR-519d-3p in these NSCLC cells inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration; enhanced cell sensitivity to gefitinib. EPAS1 was identified and validated as downstream target of miR-519d-3p. Co-expressing EPAS1 antagonized the inhibitory effect of miR-519d-3p on NSCLC cells. MiR-519d-3p was downregulated in NSCLC patients with poor response to gefitinib. Targeting miR-519d-3p/EPAS1 axis may provide alternative treatment for TKI-resistant NSCLC.
- Published
- 2021
24. Resveratrol Ameliorates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Abnormalities in Hepatic Glucose Metabolism in Mice via the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway
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Hanying Xing, Guangyao Song, Linquan Yang, Caiping Lu, Xiaojian Zhao, Linyi Shu, and Kaiting Chen
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,Glucose uptake ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,Resveratrol ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Other systems of medicine ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin resistance ,AMP-activated protein kinase ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Protein kinase A ,Glycogen synthase ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,AMPK ,food and beverages ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,RZ201-999 ,Research Article - Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent worldwide. High-fat-diet (HFD) consumption can lead to liver fat accumulation, impair hepatic glycometabolism, and cause insulin resistance and the development of diabetes. Resveratrol has been shown to improve the blood glucose concentration of diabetic mice, but its effect on the abnormal hepatic glycometabolism induced by HFD-feeding and the mechanism involved are unknown. In this study, we determined the effects of resveratrol on the insulin resistance of high-fat-diet-fed mice and a hepatocyte model by measuring serum biochemical indexes, key indicators of glycometabolism, glucose uptake, and glycogen synthesis in hepatocytes. We found that resveratrol treatment significantly ameliorated the HFD-induced abnormalities in glucose metabolism in mice, increased glucose absorption and glycogen synthesis, downregulated protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and activated Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ), and increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, the administration of a PP2A activator or CaMKKβ inhibitor attenuated the effects of resveratrol, but the administration of an AMPK inhibitor abolished the effects of resveratrol. Resveratrol significantly ameliorates abnormalities in glycometabolism induced by HFD-feeding and increases glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in hepatocytes. These effects are mediated through the activation of AMPK by PP2A and CaMKKβ.
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- 2021
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25. Motivated Beliefs, Independence and Cooperation
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Wei Huang, Yu Wang, and Xiaojian Zhao
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Self-esteem ,Extended family ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Spillover effect ,Prosocial behavior ,Social animal ,Dynamic inconsistency ,Business and International Management ,Big Five personality traits ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Overconfidence effect ,media_common - Abstract
Humans are social animals but sometimes stay alone. The paper investigates the connection between an intraperson game and an interperson interaction. Motivated beliefs supplied from memory management due to present bias in the individual investment problem give rise to a positive spillover on others through social interactions. Our result establishes a positive relationship between overconfidence and prosocial behaviors and suggests that a high frequency of social interactions reduces an individual's tendency to cooperate with others, exacerbating the freeriding problem. Our empirical finding shows that people in countries with indulgent cultures tend to be more confident in terms of Rosenberg's self-competence score, individuals living in countries with a high population density or an extended family system appear less confident, and those in countries with high self-competence scores are more agreeable in Big Five personality traits, largely supporting our model's implications.
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- 2021
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26. Expedition 383 summary
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Elisa Malinverno, E. Michel, N. Foucher McColl, J. Gottschalk, J.S. Stoner, Mariem Saavedra-Pellitero, V.J. Lawson, L. Lo, S. Moretti, Shiming Wan, Shinya Iwasaki, L.C. Herbert, Gisela Winckler, Igor Martins Venancio, C. A. Alvarez Zarikian, Xiaojian Zhao, Ana Christina Ravelo, C. Basak, Jennifer L. Middleton, Frank Lamy, Christopher M. Moy, A.L. Souza, R.A. Smith, Jesse Farmer, L. Lembke-Jene, Anieke Brombacher, Christina R. Riesselman, Helge W Arz, Oliver Esper, I. Seo, Raj K. Singh, Lamy, F., Winckler, G., Alvarez Zarikian, C.A., and the Expedition 383 Scientists, Winckler, G, Lamy, F, Alvarez Zarikian, C, Arz, H, Basak, C, Brombacher, A, Esper, O, Farmer, J, Gottschalk, J, Herbert, L, Iwasaki, S, Lawson, V, Lembke-Jene, L, Lo, L, Malinverno, E, Michel, E, Middleton, J, Moretti, S, Moy, C, Ravelo, A, Riesselman, C, Saavedra-Pellitero, M, Seo, I, Singh, R, Smith, R, Souza, A, Stoner, J, Venancio, I, Wan, S, Zhao, X, Foucher McColl, N, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), International Ocean Discovery Program, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), University of Delaware [Newark], National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Department of Geosciences [Princeton], Princeton University, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences [Stony Brook] (SoMAS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), National Taïwan University (NTU), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneshwar, University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Oregon State University (OSU), Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies [São Paulo] (CPTEC), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), National Insitute of Polar Research [Japan], National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), and Universidad Andrés Bello [Santiago] (UNAB)
- Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,International Ocean Discovery Program ,GEO/02 - GEOLOGIA STRATIGRAFICA E SEDIMENTOLOGICA ,International Ocean Discovery Program, IODP, JOIDES Resolution, Expedition 383, Dynamics of the Pacific Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Site U1539, Site U1540, Site U1541, Site U1542, Site U1543, Site U1544, Southern Ocean, South Pacific, Chilean margin, paleoceanography, Antarctic Circumpolar Current, oceanic fronts, Circumpolar Deep Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, marine carbon cycle, dust, biological productivity, iron fertilization, southern westerly winds, Patagonian ice sheet, West Antarctic ice sheet ,[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment ,GEO/01 - PALEONTOLOGIA E PALEOECOLOGIA ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Geology ,IODP ,JOIDES Resolution ,Expedition 383 - Abstract
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), the world’s strongest zonal current system, connects all three major ocean basins of the global ocean and therefore integrates and responds to global climate variability. Its flow is largely driven by strong westerly winds and is constricted to its narrowest extent in the Drake Passage. Fresh and cold Pacific surface and intermediate water flowing through the Drake Passage (cold-water route) and warm Indian Ocean water masses flowing through the Agulhas region (warm-water route) are critical for the South Atlantic contribution to Meridional Overturning Circulation changes. Furthermore, physical and biological processes associated with the ACC affect the strength of the ocean carbon pump and therefore are critical to feedbacks linking atmospheric CO2 concentrations, ocean circulation, and climate/cryosphere on a global scale. In contrast to the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the ACC, and with the exception of drill cores from the Antarctic continental margin and off New Zealand, there are no deep-sea drilling paleoceanographic records from the Pacific sector of the ACC. To advance our understanding of Miocene to Holocene atmosphere-ocean-cryosphere dynamics in the Pacific and their implications for regional and global climate and atmospheric CO2, International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 383 recovered sedimentary sequences at (1) three sites in the central South Pacific (CSP) (U1539, U1540, and U1541), (2) two sites at the Chilean margin (U1542 and U1544), and (3) one site from the pelagic eastern South Pacific (U1543) close to the entrance to the Drake Passage. Because of persistently stormy conditions and the resulting bad weather avoidance, we were not successful in recovering the originally planned Proposed Site CSP-3A in the Polar Frontal Zone of the CSP. The drilled sediments at Sites U1541 and U1543 reach back to the late Miocene, and those at Site U1540 reach back to the early Pliocene. High sedimentation rate sequences reaching back to the early Pleistocene (Site U1539) and the late Pleistocene (Sites U1542 and U1544) were recovered in both the CSP and at the Chilean margin. Taken together, the sites represent a depth transect from ~1100 m at Chilean margin Site U1542 to ~4070 m at CSP Site U1539 and allow investigation of changes in the vertical structure of the ACC, a key issue for understanding the role of the Southern Ocean in the global carbon cycle. The sites are located at latitudes and water depths where sediments will allow the application of a wide range of siliciclastic-, carbonate-, and opal-based proxies to address our objectives of reconstructing, with unprecedented stratigraphic detail, surface to deep-ocean variations and their relation to atmosphere and cryosphere changes.
- Published
- 2021
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27. 1. Contemporary Chinese American Population: The Documented and the Invisible
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Xiaojian Zhao
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education.field_of_study ,History ,Anthropology ,Population ,education ,Chinese americans - Published
- 2020
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28. Introduction: Rethinking Chinese America
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Xiaojian Zhao
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Sociology ,Social science - Published
- 2020
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29. 2. Drawing Lines of Class Distinction
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Xiaojian Zhao
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Class (set theory) ,Sociology ,Epistemology - Published
- 2020
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30. 4. The 'Spirit of Changle': Constructing a Regional Identity
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Xiaojian Zhao
- Subjects
Anthropology ,Identity (social science) ,Sociology - Published
- 2020
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31. 5. Surviving Poverty in an Ethnic Social Hierarchy
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Xiaojian Zhao
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Poverty ,Social hierarchy ,Ethnic group ,Sociology ,Social science - Published
- 2020
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32. Note on Transliteration
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Xiaojian Zhao
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Transliteration ,Sociology ,Linguistics - Published
- 2020
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33. 3. 'Serve the People': The Ethnic Economy
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Xiaojian Zhao
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Political economy ,Ethnic group ,Sociology - Published
- 2020
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34. Pyruvate kinase controls signal strength in the insulin secretory pathway
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Arnaldo H. de Souza, Xiaojian Zhao, Chetan Poudel, Dawn Belt Davis, Megan E. Capozzi, Jonathan E. Campbell, Sophia M. Sdao, Craig S. Nunemaker, Thuong Ho, Tiago C. Alves, Halena R. VanDeusen, Sophie L. Lewandowski, Rebecca L. Cardone, Richard G. Kibbey, Hannah R. Foster, Craig J. Thomas, Matthew J. Merrins, Ishrat Jahan, and Evgeniy Potapenko
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pyruvate Kinase ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Mitochondrion ,Article ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin Secretion ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Insulin ,Glycolysis ,Molecular Biology ,Secretory pathway ,Chemistry ,Cell Biology ,Metabolism ,Cell biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Pyruvate kinase - Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells couple nutrient metabolism with appropriate insulin secretion. Here, we show that pyruvate kinase (PK), which converts ADP and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into ATP and pyruvate, underlies β-cell sensing of both glycolytic and mitochondrial fuels. Plasma membrane-localized PK is sufficient to close K(ATP) channels and initiate calcium influx. Small-molecule PK activators increase the frequency of ATP/ADP and calcium oscillations and potently amplify insulin secretion. PK restricts respiration by cyclically depriving mitochondria of ADP, which accelerates PEP cycling until membrane depolarization restores ADP and oxidative phosphorylation. Our findings support a compartmentalized model of β-cell metabolism in which PK locally generates the ATP/ADP required for insulin secretion. Oscillatory PK activity allows mitochondria to perform synthetic and oxidative functions without any net impact on glucose oxidation. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic route for diabetes based on PK activation that would not be predicted by the current consensus single-state model of β-cell function.
- Published
- 2020
35. The New Chinese America
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Xiaojian Zhao
- Published
- 2020
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36. EPAS1 promotes peritoneal carcinomatosis of non-small-cell lung cancer by enhancing mesothelial-mesenchymal transition
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Li-Na Gao, Xiaojian Zhao, Qiang Zhen, Bing Zhang, Weiwei Chu, Baolei Lv, Yaxiao Zhang, Zhe Li, Renfeng Wang, Jiabao Liu, and Huixian Li
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Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ,Lung Neoplasms ,medicine.drug_class ,Mice, Nude ,medicine.disease_cause ,Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,In vivo ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Lung cancer ,Peritoneal Neoplasms ,Cell Proliferation ,Gene knockdown ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,business.industry ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,EPAS1 ,medicine.disease ,In vitro ,respiratory tract diseases ,Up-Regulation ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,business ,Carcinogenesis - Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of cancer-related death globally. Endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1) is a homolog of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and has been reported to confer tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in NSCLC, but its role in peritoneal carcinomatosis of NSCLC is unknown. PC14HM, a high metastatic potential subline of NSCLC cell line PC14, was derived. Stable shRNA knockdown of EPAS1 was then established in PC14HM cells and subjected to assessment regarding the effects on proliferation and viability, xenograft tumor growth, metastatic potential, mesothelial–mesenchymal transition (MMT)-related characteristics and peritoneal carcinomatosis in a mouse model. EPAS1 expression was elevated in PC14HM cells. Knockdown of EPAS1 inhibited the proliferation and viability of PC14HM cells in vitro and suppressed tumorigenesis in vivo. In addition, the metastatic features and in vitro productions of MMT-inducing factors in PC14HM cells was also associated with EPAS1. More importantly, knockdown of EPAS1 drastically suppressed peritoneal carcinomatosis of PC14HM cells in vivo. EPAS1 promotes peritoneal carcinomatosis of NSCLC through enhancement of MMT and could therefore serve as a prognostic marker or a therapeutic target in treating NSCLC, particularly in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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- 2020
37. Pharmacologic activation of the mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate cycle enhances islet function in vivo
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Charles Kung, Xiaojian Zhao, Bei Wang, Romana Stark, Matthew J. Merrins, Zane B. Andrews, Rebecca L. Cardone, Sophie L. Lewandowski, Abudukadier Abulizi, Richard G. Kibbey, Craig J. Thomas, Stephan Siebel, and Tiago C. Alves
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0303 health sciences ,geography ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Chemistry ,Activator (genetics) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Islet ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,In vivo ,PCK2 ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Glucose homeostasis ,Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ,Pyruvate kinase ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
SummaryThe mitochondrial GTP (mtGTP)-dependent phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) cycle is an anaplerotic-cataplerotic mitochondrial shuttle utilizing mitochondrial PEPCK (PCK2) and pyruvate kinase (PK). PEP cycling stimulates insulin secretion via OxPhos-independent lowering of ADP by PK. We assess in vivo whether islet PCK2 is necessary for glucose sensing and if speeding the PEP cycle via pharmacological PK activators amplifies insulin secretion. Pck2-/- mice had severely impaired insulin secretion during islet perifusion, oral glucose tolerance tests and hyperglycemic clamps. Acute and chronic pharmacologic PK activator therapy improved islet insulin secretion from normal, high-fat diet (HFD) fed, or Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, and glucolipotoxic or diabetic humans. A similar improvement in insulin secretion was observed in regular chow and HFD rats in vivo. Insulin secretion and cytosolic Ca2+ during PK activation were dependent on PCK2. These data provide a preclinical rationale for strategies, such as PK activation, that target the PEP cycle to improve glucose homeostasis.HighlightsLoss of mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) impairs insulin release in vivo.Pyruvate kinase (PK) activators stimulate beta-cells in preclinical diabetes models.PEP cycling in vivo depends on PK and mitochondrial PEPCK (PCK2) for insulin release.Acute and 3-week oral PK activator amplifies insulin release during hyperglycemia.eTOC BlurbAbudukadier et al. show that small molecule pyruvate kinase activation in vivo and in vitro increases insulin secretion in rodent and human models of diabetes. The phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) cycling mechanism and its amplification are dependent on mitochondrial PEPCK (PCK2).
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- 2020
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38. Pyruvate kinase controls signal strength in the insulin secretory pathway
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Thuong Ho, Rebecca L. Cardone, Xiaojian Zhao, Megan E. Capozzi, Sophie L. Lewandowski, Hannah R. Foster, Evgeniy Potapenko, Tiago C. Alves, Chetan Poudel, Craig S. Nunemaker, Matthew J. Merrins, Ishrat Jahan, Craig J. Thomas, Richard G. Kibbey, Halena R. VanDeusen, and Jonathan E. Campbell
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0303 health sciences ,050208 finance ,Chemistry ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,05 social sciences ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Metabolism ,Mitochondrion ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0502 economics and business ,medicine ,Glycolysis ,050207 economics ,Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ,Pyruvate kinase ,Secretory pathway ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
SUMMARYPancreatic β-cells couple nutrient metabolism with appropriate insulin secretion. Here, we show that pyruvate kinase (PK), which converts ADP and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into ATP and pyruvate, underlies β-cell sensing of both glycolytic and mitochondrial fuels. PK present at the plasma membrane is sufficient to close KATPchannels and initiate calcium influx. Small-molecule PK activators increase β-cell oscillation frequency and potently amplify insulin secretion. By cyclically depriving mitochondria of ADP, PK restricts oxidative phosphorylation in favor of the mitochondrial PEP cycle with no net impact on glucose oxidation. Our findings support a compartmentalized model of β-cell metabolism in which PK locally generates the ATP/ADP threshold required for insulin secretion, and identify a potential therapeutic route for diabetes based on PK activation that would not be predicted by the β-cell consensus model.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTThe consensus model for β-cell glucose sensing supports a dominant role for OxPhos. This model doesn’t fully explain the observed metabolic and electrophysiologic oscillations associated with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Lewandowskiet al. challenge this model by mechanistically connecting the anaplerotic PEP cycle to the electrically silent triggering phase, and OxPhos to the electrically active secretory phase. Here, the allosteric recruitment of pyruvate kinase directs metabolic traffic between the two cycles and identifies potential therapeutic strategies for diabetes based on pharmacologic pyruvate kinase activation.HIGHLIGHTSCompartmentalized pyruvate kinase (PK) activity underlies β-cell fuel sensingMembrane-associated PK closes KATPchannels and controls calcium influxBy lowering ADP, PK toggles mitochondria between OxPhos and PEP biosynthesisPharmacologic PK activation increases oscillatory frequency and amplifies secretion
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- 2020
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39. Pharmacologic Activation of the Mitochondrial Phospho enolpyruvate Cycle Enhances Islet Function in Vivo
- Author
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Abudukadier Abulizi, Romana Stark, Rebecca L. Cardone, Sophie L. Lewandowski, Xiaojian Zhao, Tiago Alves, Craig J. Thomas, Charles Kung, Bei Wang, Stephan Siebel, Zane B. Andrews, Matthew J. Merrins, and Richard G. Kibbey
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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40. Endocrine-Exocrine Signaling Drives Obesity-Associated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
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Richard F. Dunne, Daniel B. Burkhardt, Xiaojian Zhao, Rebecca L. Cardone, Cathy Garcia, Charles S. Fuchs, Joshua J. Wilhelm, Richard G. Kibbey, Arjun Bhutkar, Jaffarguriqbal Singh, Andressa Dias Costa, Brian M. Wolpin, Lauren Lawres, Albert C. Koong, Kimberly Judith Dorans, Smita Krishnaswamy, Daniel T. Chang, Rebecca Robbins, Jonathan A. Nowak, Vibe Nylander, Sara A. Väyrynen, Aram F. Hezel, Mandar Deepak Muzumdar, Anna L. Gloyn, Melena D. Bellin, Mark I. McCarthy, Ana Babic, Katherine Minjee Chung, and Tyler Jacks
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endocrine system diseases ,Cell ,Inflammation ,Biology ,Gene mutation ,medicine.disease_cause ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fibrosis ,Pancreatic cancer ,medicine ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,geography ,Tumor microenvironment ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,business.industry ,Pancreatic islets ,Leptin ,fungi ,Islet ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cancer research ,medicine.symptom ,Beta cell ,Carcinogenesis ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
SUMMARYObesity is a major modifiable risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet how and when obesity contributes to PDAC progression is not well understood. Leveraging an autochthonous mouse model, we demonstrate a causal and reversible role for obesity in early PDAC progression, showing that obesity markedly enhances tumorigenesis, while genetic or dietary induction of weight loss intercepts cancer development. Bulk and single cell molecular analyses of human and murine samples define microenvironmental consequences of obesity that promote tumor development rather than new driver gene mutations. We observe increased inflammation and fibrosis and also provide evidence for significant pancreatic islet cell adaptation in obesity-associated tumors. Specifically, we identify aberrant islet beta cell expression of the peptide hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) in tumors as an adaptive response to obesity. Furthermore, beta cell CCK expression promotes oncogenicKras-driven pancreatic ductal tumorigenesis. Our studies argue that PDAC progression is driven by local obesity-associated changes in the tumor microenvironment – rather than systemic effects – and implicate endocrine-exocrine signaling beyond insulin in PDAC development. Furthermore, our demonstration that these obesity-associated adaptations are reversible supports the use of anti-obesity strategies to intercept PDAC early during progression.
- Published
- 2020
41. Overachieving and Obsessive Behavior as Signaling Devices under Career Concern
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Dongsoo Shin, Xiaojian Zhao, and Alexander Rodivilov
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Bliss point ,Work ethic ,Overachievement ,Sacrifice ,Business and International Management ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Professional activity - Abstract
This paper provides an economic rationale for overachieving behavior in non-professional activities in the labour market. The intrinsically motivated worker uses his achievement in the non-professional activity to signal his work ethic. When the worker‘s career concern is weak, he exerts no extra e¤ort on his non-professional activity. When the worker’s career concern is strong, however, his effort level for the non-professional activity can go beyond the bliss point. With a very strong career concern, an "obsessive behavior" can arise in equilibrium, as the intrinsically motivated worker may choose to sacrifice the professional activity for the non-professional one in an earlier stage of his career.
- Published
- 2020
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42. Overachieving and Obsessive Behavior as Signaling Devices under Career Concern
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Alexander Rodivilov, Dongsoo Shin, and Xiaojian Zhao
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics - Published
- 2022
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43. Scaling procedures of cabin noise generated by turbulent boundary layer excitation
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Wei Song, Xiaojian Zhao, Bangcheng Ai, and Jie Zhou
- Subjects
020301 aerospace & aeronautics ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,Aerospace Engineering ,TL1-4050 ,02 engineering and technology ,Test method ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Background noise ,Boundary layer ,Noise ,Modal ,0203 mechanical engineering ,0103 physical sciences ,Frequency offset ,Scaling ,Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics ,Wind tunnel - Abstract
This paper presents a new method for measuring the cabin noise of a structure in a wind tunnel. A method for scaling the cabin sound was derived to obtain the cabin noise of a structure, and the derivation of the scaling procedure was based on a theoretical hypothesis regarding the cabin noise prediction for a scaled model in a wind tunnel. A frequency offset was generated because of the error introduced by model manufacture and installation, and a proposed modal test method was used to eliminate the frequency offset. Both a full-scale structure and scaled structure were measured in the wind tunnel tests. The cabin noise of the full-scale model was compared with the results obtained using the scaling procedure based on the scaled model. The comparisons of the measurement results indicate that the scaling procedures developed in this paper are effective for vibro-acoustic predictions in wind tunnels. Moreover, background noise tended to affect the results of the cabin sound for the wind tunnel test, and thus background noise should be prevented through specific design efforts. Keywords: Cabin noise, Scaling procedure, Turbulent boundary layer, Vibro-acoustic, Wind tunnel
- Published
- 2018
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44. Spatial correlation effect of a multidimensional force on vibration suppression
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Xiaojian Zhao, Chen Ji, and SiFeng Bi
- Subjects
Phase difference ,Vibration ,Physics ,Spatial correlation ,Flow (psychology) ,Structural vibration ,Aerospace Engineering ,Mechanics ,Excitation - Abstract
The spatial correlation of a multidimensional force produced by different aircraft components is an important factor that affects the structural vibration of aircraft. To predict the structural response by external forces with a certain phase difference, determined by the spatial correlation of external forces, an analytical method based on structural response integration is developed and adopted. The characteristics of the external forces, especially the phase difference of the structural vibration, are investigated to reduce structural vibration by utilizing the spatial correlation of the external forces. Additionally, to suppress structural vibration by a propagation wavefield, corresponding to complex flow excitation, the developed integration method is used to estimate the accuracy of the propagation wavefield replaced by concentrated forces. Finally, a measurement is designed and performed, which further reveals the spatial correlation effect of the external forces on the structural vibration.
- Published
- 2021
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45. Predicting the Structural Response Induced by Turbulent Boundary Layer in Wind Tunnel
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XiaoJian Zhao and BangCheng Ai
- Subjects
business.industry ,Turbulence ,Modal analysis ,Aerospace Engineering ,Boundary (topology) ,02 engineering and technology ,Structural engineering ,Mechanics ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Vibration ,Boundary layer ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,0103 physical sciences ,Boundary value problem ,business ,Scaling ,Mathematics ,Wind tunnel - Abstract
A new attempt to measure the structure response generated by a turbulent boundary layer in a wind tunnel is proposed in this paper. To develop a scaling procedure that accommodates both the structural vibration and turbulent boundary-layer excitation for predicting the vibration response of a structure using a scaled model in a wind tunnel, a receptance method is used to extend the scaling procedure to a curved plate. Because the scaling equations are developed for a simply supported boundary and a clamped boundary, a modal analysis is used to confirm that the scaling equations are also applicable to a plate with unsupported boundary conditions. The characteristic parameters of the structural vibrations and the flow parameters for a full-scale object are both scaled. In addition, the scaling procedures consider the effects of the material used in the scaled model in predicting the vibrations of the full-scale structure. The scaling procedures are developed from theoretical methods, and numerical technique...
- Published
- 2017
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46. 4. Chinese Entrepreneurship in Prato, Italy
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Xiaojian Zhao
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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47. Urban Outposts in Rural China
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Xiaojian Zhao and Emily Honig
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Distance education ,Technical training ,China ,Literacy ,media_common - Published
- 2019
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48. Not All Quiet on the Rural Front
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Emily Honig and Xiaojian Zhao
- Subjects
Political science ,QUIET ,Geodesy ,Front (military) - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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49. Farewell to the Huangpu River
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Emily Honig and Xiaojian Zhao
- Subjects
Class (set theory) ,Political science ,Genealogy - Published
- 2019
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50. Across the Great Divide
- Author
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Emily Honig and Xiaojian Zhao
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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