Search

Beneficial invertebrate activity was assessed in 2005 and 2006 in three organic and one conventional vegetable field using pitfall and pan traps. Data was generated from a total of 208 trapping sites in cauliflower, leek, cabbage, purple sprouting broccoli and calabrese crops and 80 sites in planted field margins. More activity of epigeal invertebrates was found in Brassica fields compared with leek fields and there was more in organic than conventional Brassica fields. Activity of useful invertebrate groups in the field margins decreased with vegetation development and there appears to be a need for management of margins in order to optimise activity of the most appropriate beneficial groups for the crop planted.

Mcl-1 is a member of the Bcl-2 protein family, which has been shown to delay apoptosis in transfection and/or overexpression experiments. As yet no gene knockout mice have been engineered, and so there is little evidence to show that loss of Mcl-1 expression is sufficient to trigger apoptosis. U937 cells constitutively express the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2; but during differentiation, in response to the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate), Mcl-1 is transiently induced. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the functional role played by Mcl-1 in this differentiation program. Mcl-1 expression was specifically disrupted by chimeric methylphosphonate/phosphodiester antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to just 5% of control levels. The depletion of Mcl-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein was both rapid and specific, as indicated by the use of control oligodeoxynucleotides and analysis of the expression of other BCL2 family members and PMA-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Specific depletion of Mcl-1 mRNA and protein, in the absence of changes in cellular levels of Bcl-2, results in a rapid entry into apoptosis. Levels of the proapoptotic protein Bax remained unchanged during differentiation, while Bak expression doubled within 24 hours. Apoptosis was detected within 4 hours of Mcl-1 antisense treatment by a variety of parameters including a novel live cell imaging technique allowing correlation of antisense treatment and apoptosis in individual cells. The induction of Mcl-1 is required to prevent apoptosis during differentiation of U937 cells, and the constitutive expression of Bcl-2 is unable to compensate for the loss of Mcl-1. (Blood. 2000;96:1756-1763)

A collection of folklore and local history stories from An Cnoc, Clanna Caoilte (school) (Knocks, Co. Cork), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Máire Ní Liatháin., Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure -- Weather-Lore -- Weather-Lore / Crowley, Diarmuid -- Weather-Lore / Canty, Lena -- Strong Man / Crowley, Diarmuid -- Burning -- Great Thunder-Storm -- Great Wind -- Thunder-Storm -- Old Schools -- Old Crafts / White, Teresa -- Lime-Kilns -- Old Crafts / Canty, Lena -- Lime-Kiln / Hurley, Jim -- Penal Days - Mass Rock / Carey, Con -- Penal Days - Mass Rock / Hurley, Jim -- Names of Fields / White, Terry -- Names of Fields / Canty, Lena -- Names of Fields / Aherne, Nellie -- Names of Fields / White, James -- Bird-Lore / Crowley, Diarmuid -- Bird-Lore / Hurley, Jim -- Old Cures / White, Terry -- Old Cures / Crowley, Diarmuid -- Old Cures / Hurley, Jim -- Homemade Toys / Crowley, Diarmuid -- Homemade Toys / White, Terry -- Lore of Certain Days / White, Terry -- Field - Carraig an Aifrinn / Ahern, Nellie -- Old Forts - Carhoovauler / Crowley, Diarmuid -- Old Forts - Currycrowley and Ballinard / Hurley, Jina -- Another Fort in Carhoovauler / Collins, Madgie -- Old Forts / Canty, Lena -- Old Forts / Canty, Lena -- Fort - Coxestown / Carey, Con -- Fort - Coxestown / Ahern, Nellie -- Games I Play -- Game I Play -- Game I Play / Carey, John -- Game I Play / Carey, John -- Game I Play / Collins, Madgie -- Game I Play / White, Mr James -- Game I Play / White, Terry -- Herbs / Collins, Madgie -- Local Thunder-Storm -- Mode of Travelling -- Crafts -- Butter-Making / White, M. -- Old Crafts / Lyons, Mrs -- Old Cures / Donovan, Mrs O' -- Cromlech / Lyons, Mrs -- Forts or Cromlechs in the same Townland / Lyons, Mrs -- Cillíneach - Field Name / Lyons, Mrs -- Cros na Leanbh / Lyons, Mrs -- Forts / Lyons, Mrs -- Forts in Carhoovauler -- Knocks Cross Forts -- Setting of Seed -- Lucky Days for Seed Planting -- Síol Dearmad -- Some Supersititions -- Marriages -- Superstitions, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.