Search

One chromone (1), together with four known alkaloids, were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. ZJ-68. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 showed strong anti-inflammatory activity in vitro by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 cells with an IC50 value of 4.094 ± 0.8 μM, which was better than positive drug indomethacin (IC50=35.8 ± 0.5 μM).

The genus Parachironomus has a cosmopolitan distribution including 85 valid described species worldwide. Species records and studies of the genus in the Tibetan Plateau are scarce. In this study, the genus Parachironomus from China is revised and two new species, Parachironomus wangi Liu & Lin, sp. nov. and Parachironomus nankaiensis Liu & Lin, sp. nov., are described based on adult morphology and molecular data. Paracladopelma demissum Yan, Wang & Bu is placed in the genus Parachironomus as a new combination. A neighbor-joining tree was reconstructed based on all known ParachironomusCOI DNA barcodes. A key to adult males of the genus Parachironomus from China is also provided.

ObjectivesGinsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has been well-documented to be effective against ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, whether it has therapeutic effect on delayed neuronal death is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Rg1 on delayed neuronal death and elucidate its underlying mechanism.MethodsDelayed neuronal death model was prepared by global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats, Rg1 was intravenously administered once a day. Nissl and Fluoro Jade B staining were carried out to evaluate the effect of Rg1 on delayed neuronal death. Western blot and qPCR were used to investigate the levels of HBXIP and Survivin. HBXIP/Survivin complex was observed by co-immunoprecipitation. AAV-CMV-shRNA (HBXIP) was used to observe the role of HBXIP on delayed neuronal death improved by Rg1.Key findingsRg1 attenuated delayed neuronal death at the dose of 20 mg/kg, which also improved the mRNA and protein levels of HBXIP, as well as Survivin. Moreover, administration of Rg1 promoted the formation of HBXIP/Survivin complex, which contributed to the reduction of caspases signaling pathway. Knockdown of HBXIP abolished the alleviation of DND and inhibition of caspase cascade induced by Rg1.ConclusionsRg1 alleviated delayed neuronal death by promoting anti-apoptosis effect by HBXIP/Survivin complex.

Most bacteria use type II fatty acid synthesis (FAS) systems for synthesizing fatty acids, of which the conserved FabA-FabB pathway is considered to be crucial for unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) synthesis in gram-negative bacteria. Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the phytopathogen of black rot disease in crucifers, produces higher quantities of UFAs under low-temperature conditions for increasing membrane fluidity. The fabA and fabB genes were identified in the X. campestris pv. campestris genome by BLAST analysis; however, the growth of the X. campestris pv. campestris fabA and fabB deletion mutants was comparable to that of the wild-type strain in nutrient and minimal media. The X. campestris pv. campestris Δ fabA and Δ fabB strains produced large quantities of UFAs and, altogether, these results indicated that the FabA-FabB pathway is not essential for growth or UFA synthesis in X. campestris pv. campestris. We also observed that the expression of X. campestris pv. campestris fabA and fabB restored the growth of the temperature-sensitive Escherichia coli fabA and fabB mutants CL104 and CY242, respectively, under non-permissive conditions. The in-vitro assays demonstrated that the FabA and FabB proteins of X. campestris pv. campestris catalyzed FAS. Our study also demonstrated that the production of diffusible signal factor family signals that mediate quorum sensing was higher in the X. campestris pv. campestris Δ fabA and Δ fabB strains and greatly reduced in the complementary strains, which exhibited reduced swimming motility and attenuated host-plant pathogenicity. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .

Employees frequently have to use various media to complete multiple tasks at work, and depression has become a common problem influencing their mental health and work efficiency. We conducted a survey to investigate the relationship between the media multitasking and depression of 490 employees of a state-owned enterprise in China. The results showed that media multitasking was positively correlated with employee depression. Moreover, ego depletion significantly mediated the relationship between media multitasking and depression, and self-control moderated the relationship between ego depletion and depression. Greater self-control may help buffer the effect of ego depletion on depression. These results have theoretical and practical implications for improving employees' mental health during China's enterprise transformation process.

A three-component coupling reaction of malonate derivatives, [60]fullerene, and electrophiles/nucleophiles has been developed as a facile and efficient method to access various 1,4-asymmetric malonate functionalized [60]fullerenes.

Background & Aims Heavy alcohol consumption and genetic factors represent the two major etiologies of chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, little is so far known about the clinical features and genetic basis of light-to-moderate alcohol consumption-related CP (LMA-CP).\ud\udMethods\udA cross-sectional analysis was performed upon 1061 Chinese CP patients between 2010 and 2015. CP was classified as classical alcoholic CP (ACP; n=206), LMA-CP (n=154), and idiopathic CP (ICP; n=701). Clinical features and genetic characteristics (PRSS1, SPINK1, CTRC, CFTR variant status) were compared between the different groups. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to ascertain the combinatorial effect of alcohol consumption and gene mutation.\ud \ud Results\ud Compared with ICP, the clinical features of LMA-CP were characterized by higher rates of developing pancreatic stones, pseudocyst, diabetes, and steatorrhea, which were similar to those associated with ACP. The prevalence of CP-related gene variants in LMA-CP was 38.3%, similar to ACP (39.8%), although significantly lower than ICP (56.2%). Alcohol consumption enhanced the risk of a poor clinical outcome whilst genetic factors amplified alcohol’s effects. Compared to ICP, LMA-CP and ACP were associated with a high risk of pancreatic stones (patients-without-variants, OR=2.01 and 2.54; patients-with-variants, OR=2.17 and 1.07), pseudocyst (patients-without-variants, OR=1.03 and 1.43; patients-with-variants, OR=1.67 and 2.14), diabetes mellitus (patients-without-variants, OR=0.86 and 1.31; patients-with-variants, OR=2.05 and 1.55) and steatorrhea (patients-without-variants, OR=1.56 and 2.10; patients-with-variants, OR=2.11 and 1.60).\ud \udConclusions\ud Evidence was presented to show that LMA-CP was clinically and genetically similar to ACP but significantly different from ICP. Our findings provide support to the growing view that there is no safe level of alcohol consumption.

Herein, we report two tetranuclear lanthanide complexes, of which the Dy4-complex exhibits significant single-molecule magnetic properties with the open hysteresis loop is detected until 6.5 K and a coercive field of 453 Oe is observed at 1.8 K.

A series of lanthanide-based multifunctional materials with SMM, luminescence and MCE properties were constructed by deliberately selecting β-diketonate and phosphine oxide ligands combined with lanthanide ions.

ZnTPY-chelated PbI2 nuclei effectively reduce the activation energy of perovskite crystallization resulting in higher conversion of PbI2 into uniform perovskite crystalline films, which ultimately improves the performance of perovskite solar cells.

We review the recent research progress of multifunctional lanthanide-based single-molecule magnets exhibiting luminescence thermometry and photochromic and ferroelectric properties, as well as the synergistic effect between them.

A new alkaloid (3), together with three known compounds, were isolated from the Thespesia populnea endophytic fungus TM-Y1-1. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of compound 3 was determined for the first time by ECD calculation and DP4+ analysis. All compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 both exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against banana Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with MIC value of 31.25 μg/ml.

In addition to typical nasal symptoms, patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) will further lead to symptoms related to brain function such as hyposmia, anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment, memory loss, etc., which seriously affect the quality of life of patients and bring a heavy burden to the patient's family and society. Some scholars have speculated that there may be potential "nose-brain communication" mechanism in AR that rely on neuro-immunity. This mechanism plays an important role in AR-associated brain response process. However, no study has directly demonstrated which neural circuits will change in the connection between the nose and brain during the onset of AR, and the mechanism which underlines this question is also lack. Focusing on the topic of "nose-brain communication", this paper systematically summarizes the latest research progress between AR and related brain responses and discusses the mechanism of AR-related neurological phenotypes. Hope new diagnostic and therapeutic targets to ameliorate the brain function-related symptoms and improve the quality of life of AR patients will be developed.

This research is aimed at evaluating the effects of leucine supplementation on muscle fibers growth and development of blunt snout bream through a feeding trial and a primary muscle cells treatment. An 8-week trial with diets containing 1.61% leucine (LL) or 2.15% leucine (HL) was conducted in blunt snout bream ( mean initial weight = 56.56 ± 0.83 g ). Results demonstrated that the specific gain rate and the condition factor of fish in the HL group were the highest. The essential amino acids content of fish fed HL diets was significantly higher than that fed LL diets. The texture (hardness, springiness, resilience, and chewiness), the small-sized fiber ratio, fibers density, and sarcomere lengths in fish all obtained the highest in the HL group. Additionally, the proteins expression related with the activation of the AMPK pathway (p-Ampk, Ampk, p-Ampk/Ampk, and Sirt1) and the expression of genes (myogenin (myog), myogenic regulatory factor 4 (mrf4) and myoblast determination protein (myod), and protein (Pax7) related to muscle fiber formation were significantly upregulated with increasing level of dietary leucine. In vitro, the muscle cells were treated with 0, 40 and 160 mg/L leucine for 24 h. The results showed that treated with 40 mg/L leucine significantly raised the protein expressions of BCKDHA, Ampk, p-Ampk, p-Ampk/Ampk, Sirt1, and Pax7 and the gene expressions of myog, mrf4, and myogenic factor 5 (myf5) in muscle cells. In summary, leucine supplementation promoted muscle fibers growth and development, which may be related to the activation of BCKDH and AMPK.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the serious complications after anterior resection for rectal cancer. Defunctioning stoma (DS) is one of the most widely used approaches to prevent it; however, the effect of DS on the occurrence of AL remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate risk factors of AL and assess the effect of DS after anterior resection for rectal cancer patients.A retrospective analysis was conducted for the data of 1840 patients who underwent anterior resection for rectal cancer from January 2014 to December 2019.The results showed the overall AL incidence was 7.5%. Multivariate analyses revealed that males [odds ratio (OR) 1.562] and T3-T4 stage (OR 1.729) were independent risk factors for all patients. After propensity score matching analysis, the AL incidence was 14.1% in the group with no DS and 6.4% in the DS group (P0.001). The clinical AL (grade B + grade C) incidence was 12.4% in no DS group and 4.6% in the DS group (P0.001).The study suggested that males and T3-T4 stage were independent risk factors of AL. In addition, DS could reduce the rate of symptomatic AL.

The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) belongs to the tyrosine kinase family consisting of four members (FGFR1-4). This study involved identification and characterization of FGFR1 and FGFR3 from mud crab Scylla paramamosain for the first time. The obtained cDNAs of SpFGFR1 and SpFGFR3 were 2,380 bp and 2,982 bp in length with a 1,503 bp and 2,310 bp open reading frame, respectively. The predicted SpFGFR1 protein included three immunoglobulin domains and a transmembrane region, while SpFGFR3 protein possessed a typical TyrKc (Tyrosine kinase, catalytic) domain. Real-time PCR analysis showed that SpFGFR1 and SpFGFR3 were highly expressed in the hepatopancreas. Furthermore, the expression levels of SpFGFR1 and SpFGFR3 in the hepatopancreas were enhanced following challenges with Vibro alginolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Poly (I:C) and White spot syndrome virus, which shows the involvement of SpFGFR1 and SpFGFR3 in innate immune response to infections from bacteria and virus. There was significant suppression of six antimicrobial peptide genes (SpALF1-5 and SpCrustin) and three NF-κB members (SpDorsal, SpIKK and SpRelish) when SpFGFR1 and SpFGFR3 was interfered in vivo. Also, treatment of the hemocytes with specific inhibitor of SpFGFR for 24 h consistently down-regulated SpDorsal, SpRelish and AMPs. These results suggested that SpFGFR1 and SpFGFR3 played important roles in regulating the Toll signaling pathway and immune deficiency (IMD) pathway through NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings may provide new insights into the role of FGFRs in the innate immune function of crustaceans.

This study used the vacuum bag-only process to fabricate angle composite parts on a complex-shape mold by employing interleaved unidirectional prepreg and dry fiber. The study focuses on the thickness variation along the angle part by analyzing the thickness distribution within the angle part by the statistic method. The corner thickness deviation (CTD) and angle deviation (AD) of the angle part were used to quantify the quality of the part by different process parameters and mold design. The results indicated that the CTD and AD were both linearly decreased with the increase of the part thickness. Besides, the part fabricated with the convex mold presented higher dimensional stability and uniformity as compared to that with the concave mold. In addition, we investigated the effect of caul plate applied at the corner regions, and the results showed that the lead caul plate could effectively improve the thickness change in the corner area in both the concave and convex mold. In order to fully understand the thickness variation of the part at the corner region, a semi-empirical model was proposed to forecast the corner thickness deviation of angle part. In this study, the prediction errors of the semi-empirical model for the parts by the concave and convex molds are 10% and 25%, respectively.

Ethanol, as a sustainable biomass fuel, is endowed with the merits of theoretically high energy density and environmental friendliness yet suffers from sluggish kinetics and low selectivity toward the desired complete electrooxidation (C1 pathway). Here, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect is explored as a manipulating knob to boost electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline media under ambient conditions by appropriate visible light. Under illumination, Au@Pt nanoparticles with plasmonic core and active shell exhibit concurrently higher activity (from 2.30 to 4.05 A mg

A series of di- and tetranuclear lanthanide complexes with the formulas [Dy