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By the end of 2002, household electrification in China had already exceeded 98.4 %; however, there are still about 4.58 million households without access to electricity. These households and the entire townships and villages without electricity are principally found in remote areas of China's western provinces, far away from power grids. There is a close relationship between lack of electricity and poverty. The poorest provinces in China have the lowest electrification levels, and all of these provinces are situated in western China. China's power sector has undergone major reforms in recent years. There are also various electrification programs in the rural regions to expand electricity access. This paper aims to present an introduction to the main power policy, regulation and institution characteristics in force in China, examine these power sector reforms (initiatives), and attempt to evaluate their influence on the rural poor population. Particularly, the impact of the newly approved Renewable Energy Law on access to electricity for the poor is evaluated.

YAG transparent ceramic powders were prepared by spray drying method with anhydrous ethanol suspension. The morphology, size, forming performance and crushing behavior of granulated particles with different PVB binder contents, the pore distribution in green compacts as well as the microstructure and optical properties of sintered ceramics were investigated by SEM, mercury injection, EDS and UV-Visible-Infrared transmission spectroscopy. The optimal content of PVB is 1.0wt%. The granulated particles exhibit excellent forming performance with mono-dispersed and fully dense aggregates. They have high spherical degree and high chemical uniformity. Their mean size is ~40 μm. The granulated particels are completely crushed under 75 MPa pressure and form uniform and compact structure of green compacts. The sintered YAG transparent ceramics have good optical properties with homogeneous microstructure and without pore and defects.

In this paper, the global diffeomorphism theorem due to Zampieri was generalized. The concept of the basin of attraction is the main tool of our exposition in discussing the diffeomorphism between Banach spaces. The existence and uniqueness of a solution of the fourth order elliptic boundary value problem was proved by employing our generalized theorem. The results of this paper generalize some known theorems.