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A novel, mild and efficient protocol to synthesize dibrominated propanamides has been developed. The presented methodology provides several merits, such as easy-to-handle and stable brominated substrate, catalyst-free, additive free and facile experimental operation. The preliminary mechanism study indicated that a free radical pathway might be involved in the presented reaction.

The formation and development of venous thromboembolism accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality. One of the most common methods to treat thromboembolism is the use of thrombolytic drugs to activate fibrinolytic protease. The aim of this treatment was to initiate the lysis of fibrin; however, there are many side-effects associated with this form of treatment. Herein, we fabricated chiral Co 3 O 4 supraparticles (SPs) with a g -factor of up to 0.02 at 550 nm and paramagnetic performance applied in the treatment of thromboembolism under an electromagnetic field (MF). In vitro experiments showed that d -SPs degraded blood clot within 8 hours under MF. Compared to l -SPs, d -SPs exhibited much stronger thrombolytic ability and effectively enhanced the survival rate of thrombosis model mice more than 70% in the 25 d of observation. The results of mechanism study showed that under MF, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by d -SPs were 1.5 times higher than that of l -SPs, which might be attributed to the chiral-induced spin selectivity effects. This discovery paves an inspired pathway to develop chiral nanomaterials for the efficient treatment of thrombosis under MF.

Plant height (PH) is a key plant architecture trait for improving the biological productivity of cotton. Ideal PH of cotton is conducive to lodging resistance and mechanized harvesting. To detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes of PH in cotton, a genetic map was constructed with a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of upland cotton. PH phenotype data under nine environments and three best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) were used for QTL analyses. Based on restriction-site-associated DNA sequence (RAD-seq), the genetic map contained 5,850 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, covering 2,747.12 cM with an average genetic distance of 0.47 cM. Thirty-seven unconditional QTL explaining 1.03–12.50% of phenotypic variance, including four major QTL and seven stable QTL, were identified. Twenty-eight conditional QTL explaining 3.27–28.87% of phenotypic variance, including 1 major QTL, were identified. Importantly, five QTL, including 4 stable QTL, were both unconditional and conditional QTL. Among the 60 PH QTL (including 39 newly identified), none of them were involved in the whole period of PH growth, indicating that QTL related to cotton PH development have dynamic expression characteristics. Based on the functional annotation of Arabidopsis homologous genes and transcriptome data of upland cotton TM-1, 14 candidate genes were predicted within 10 QTL. Our research provides valuable information for understanding the genetic mechanism of PH development, which also increases the economic production of cotton.

Additionalfile 9: Figure S5. The identification and classification results of all TFs.

Additionalfile 8: Figure S4. The enrichment results of all differentially expressed genes.

Additionalfile 3: Figure S2. The heatmap analysis of allflavonoid metabolites by TBtools. A: chalcones;B: sinensetin; C: dihydroflavone; D: dihydroflavonol; E: anthocyanins; F:flavonoid; G: flavonols; H: flavanols; I: isoflavones; J: proanthocyanidins; I:flavonoid; II: Tannins.

Additionalfile 1: Figure S1. Classification and statistics of all metabolites obtained.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Comparison of parameters between AVDopt and different AVDs in patients with LBBAP

Additionalfile 7: Figure S3. qRT-PCR validation of gene expression level in the transcriptome.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-imr-10.1177_03000605211052229 for Multiple osteolytic primary peripheral T-cell bone lymphoma: the first case report by Chen Li, Weiguo Wang, Lingyun Xu, Dingyun Zheng, Miao Zhang, Qin Zhang, Xiaoqian Wu, Yue Yao, Wenyue Huang, Xue Li, Peipei Ying, Xiuxiu Wang, Liu Shang and Yuhu Feng in Journal of International Medical Research

Background: Cardiac injury and coagulation disorders have been two increasing concerns in the management of patients with severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Coagulation disorders in COVID-19 patients with cardiac injury have not been characterized. Methods: We analyzed the data of five COVID-19 patients with cardiac injury who had D-dimer surge (defined as a rapid increase in the D-dimer level in 72 h, from

Chemicals exert harmful effects on target species and cause DNA damage after their exposure. Here, Au–Ag heterodimers have been fabricated with conjugated molecules such as DNA, cell-penetrating pe...

Gout is a prevalent form of aseptic inflammation caused by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints or tissues. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) is a superimmunoglobulin receptor expressed on innate immune cells including granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. TREM-1 serves as a link between innate immunity and adaptive immunity, playing a crucial role in regulating inflammation and immune response. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential role of TREM-1 in THP-1 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with gouty arthritis (GA). In the current study, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of TREM-1 increased in PBMCs from GA patients and soluble TREM-1 in plasma as well. In addition, an increased level of TREM-1 was observed in THP-1 treated with monosodium urate (MSU) in vitro, along with upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, upon specific inhibition of TREM-1, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), the levels of MyD88 and proinflammatory cytokines were decreased after MSU challenge in THP-1 cells. Interestingly, inhibition of TLR-4 could enhance the effect of TREM-1 inhibitor in MSU-induced inflammation. Taken together, our findings suggested that TREM-1 could accelerate MSU-induced acute inflammation. Inhibition of TREM-1 may provide a new strategy for alleviating acute gouty inflammation.

Based on molecular dynamics simulations, the plastic deformation of columnar polycrystalline silver nanowires under uniaxial tension at different temperatures has been studied systematically. At a temperature lower than 200 K, the system with large grains deforms predominantly via the mechanism of dislocation slip, and the maximum yield strength remains relatively constant with temperature. When the simulation temperature is higher than 200 K, grain sliding gradually becomes the dominant deformation mechanism, especially for those samples with reduced grain size and the maximum yield strength shows a decrease with the increase of temperature. The temperature-dependence of the Hall-Petch relation has been discussed.

In this study, the authors propose a new semi-supervised low-rank representation graph for pattern recognition. A collection of samples is jointly coded by the recently developed low-rank representation (LRR), which better captures the global structure of data and implements more robust subspace segmentation from corrupted samples. By using the calculated LRR coefficients of both labelled and unlabelled samples as the graph weights, a low-rank representation graph is established in a parameter-free manner under the framework of semi-supervised learning. Some experiments are taken on the benchmark database to investigate the performance of the proposed method and the results show that it is superior to other related semi-supervised graphs.

Vitiligo is a common chronic acquired pigmentation disorder characterized by loss of functional melanocytes from the epidermis and follicular reservoir. Among multiple hypotheses which have been proposed in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, autoimmunity and oxidative stress-mediated toxicity in melanocytes remain most widely accepted. Macroautophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway which widely exists in eukaryotic cells. Autophagy participates in the oxidative stress response in many cells, which plays a protective role in preventing damage caused by oxidative stress. Recent studies have enrolled autophagy as an important regulator in limiting damage caused by UV light and lipid oxidation, keeping oxidative stress in a steady state in epidermal keratinocytes and maintaining normal proliferation and aging of melanocytes. Impairment of autophagy might disrupt the antioxidant defense system which renders melanocytes to oxidative insults. These findings provide supportive evidence to explore new ideas of the pathogenesis of vitiligo and other pigmentation disorders.

Recognizing human actions in a video sequence using small number of labeled data are very desirable in practical applications. In this paper an action recognition approach via Labeled Kernel Sparse Coding (LKSC) and sparse L"1 graph is proposed under the framework of semi-supervised learning framework. Inspired by the fact that kernel trick can capture the nonlinear similarity of features, we extend the sparse representation classifier (SRC) is extended to the empirical kernel projection space. By using the calculated sparse coding coefficients of both labeled and unlabeled samples as the graph weights, a sparse L"1 graph is established in a parameter-free manner. Some experiments are taken on Weizmann human action datasets and a movie sequence of a ballet dance, to investigate the performance of our proposed method, and the results show that it is insensitive to the only parameter @s, and can achieve high recognition rate when using some number of labeled samples.

Recent researches have shown that the adaptive directional lifting (ADL) can represent edges and textures in images effectively. This makes it possible to separate noise from image signal distinctly in image denoising. However, a key issue named orientation estimation for ADL becomes inefficient and error prone in the noised circumstance. The authors propose a robust adaptive directional lifting-based (RADL) wavelet transform for image denoising by constructing ADL in an anti-noise way. In our method, a simple model of pixel pattern classification is incorporated into orientation estimation module to strengthen the robustness of this algorithm. Moreover, instead of determining the transform strategy based on sub-blocks, RADL is performed on pixel-level to pursue better denoising results. Experimental results show that the proposed technique demonstrates both PSNR and visual quality improvement on images with rich textures.

Background To date, over 150 genetically modified (GM) crops are widely cultivated. To comply with regulations developed for genetically modified organisms (GMOs), including labeling policies, many detection methods for GMO identification and quantification have been developed. Results To detect the entrance and exit of unauthorized GM crop events in China, we developed a novel quadruplex real-time PCR method for simultaneous detection and quantification of GM cotton events GHB119 and T304-40 in cotton-derived products (based on the 5′-flanking sequence) and the insect-resistance gene Cry2Ae. The limit of detection was 10 copies for GHB119 and Cry2Ae and 25 copies for T304-40. The limit of quantification was 25 copies for GHB119 and Cry2Ae and 50 copies for T304-40. Moreover, low bias and acceptable standard deviation and relative standard deviation values were obtained in quantification analysis of six blind samples containing different GHB119 and T304-40 ingredients. Conclusions The developed quadruplex quantitative method could be used for quantitative detection of two GM cotton events (GHB119 and T304-40) and Cry2Ae gene ingredient in cotton derived products.