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The main objectives of this work are to deduce the Lax pair for the Modified Toda lattice hierarchy and to find whether there exists a transformation between (2+1)-dimensional derivative Toda lattice equation and Modified Toda equation. By a new spectral problem, we obtain the Modified Toda lattice hierarchy, furthermore we give the Hirota’s form solution for the Modified Toda lattice equation, thus the Hirota’s solution for the (2+1)-dimensional derivative Toda equation can also be attained correspondingly.

Do placebo treatment of different non-pharmacologic therapies on migraine patients in randomized controlled trials have therapeutic effects? What is the degree of these effect？Which placebo has the better non-specific effect？

Acid rain, as one of the outputs of toxic and harmful chemicals from factories, is a serious environmental problem, especially in China, which has harmful ecological consequences and has a direct impact on vegetation and human health. Based on the data of acid rain observation station of Liaoning Meteorological Bureau from 2007 to 2018, the variation of precipitation pH and the distribution of acid rain in Liaoning Province in the past 12 years were analyzed. The result shows: First, the average pH value of annual precipitation in Liaoning Province is 5.55, which belongs to weak acid rain area. The frequency of acid rain is 12.56%, and the ratio of acid rain to total precipitation is 15.48%. More than 1/5 of the stations are located in the acid rain prone area, among which Dalian and Dandong are seriously polluted, being close to the grade of acid rain frequent area. Second, from 2007 to 2018, the precipitation pH in Liaoning Province fluctuated and increased year by year, with an average annual increase of 0.077 pH, and the pollution of acid rain decreased year by year; especially after 2014, Liaoning Province has exited from weak acid rain area, with its precipitation pH tending to be neutral year by year. Third, acid rain pollution in Liaoning Province is most serious in winter, followed by autumn and summer; in the first six years (2007-2012), the pollution in February was the most serious, and in the last six years (2013-2018), the pollution in December was the most serious, which was significantly worse than the previous six years. Fourth, more efforts have been made to control air pollution in all parts of the country, and the annual decrease in acid precursor emissions is the fundamental reason for the variation of precipitation pH and the improvement of acid rain pollution in Liaoning Province, while the precipitation pH and acid rain distribution in Liaoning Province are sensitive to the relevant environmental control measures taken by the state in recent years. However, the change of acid rain pollution reminds us to attach great importance to new pollution components and causes.

The role of telomere dysfunction and aberrant telomerase activities in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been overlooked for many years. This study aimed to delineate the variation and prognostic value of telomere length in HCC. Telomere‐specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and qPCR were used to evaluate telomere length in HCC cell lines, tumor tissues, and isolated non‐tumor cells within the tumor. Significant telomere attrition was found in tumor cells and cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) compared to their normal counterparts, but not in intratumor leukocytes or bile duct epithelial cells. Clinical relevance and prognostic value of telomere length were investigated on tissue microarrays of 257 surgically treated HCC patients. Reduced intensity of telomere signals in tumor cells or CAFs correlated with larger tumor size and the presence of vascular invasion (p

Pathogenic microorganism is a serious threat to human health. As a novel kind of antibacterial materials, silver nanoparticles involving their preparation approaches and applications are of great research interest in the field of nanomaterials. This review summarized a summary of synthesis methods of silver nanoparticles, including polysaccharide, Tollens, irradiation, biological and polyoxometalates, which enjoy numerous advantages such as wide range of raw materials, gentle reaction condition, low-cost and environmental-friendly and etc.. Furthermore, based on the antibacterial property of silver nanoparticles, the antibacterial mechanism and applications were described. The development of silver nanoparticles in antibacterial application was also prospected, such as antibacterial coating and antibacterial packaging.

Details of methodology and results which were not shown in the manuscript. (DOCX 25 kb)

The other clinical responses between the CHB group and the non-CHB group. Comparison of the other clinical responses at each visit, including ACR70, PrGA, Pain VAS, HAQ, ESR, and serum MMP-3 levels. ACR: American College of Rheumatology; CHB: chronic HBV infection; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAQ: Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire; MMP-3: matrix metalloproteinase-3; Pain VAS: pain visual analog scale; PrGA: provider global assessment of disease activity. (PDF 1468 kb)

A flowchart of HBV reactivation occurring in patients with RA with CHB showing antiviral prophylaxis, HBV reactivation, and hepatitis flare in these patients during one-year follow up. CHB: chronic HBV infection; HBV: hepatitis B virus; RA: rheumatoid arthritis. (PDF 33 kb)

Supplementary Methods. (DOC 37 kb)

Comparison between hepatitis status and tumor features in HBV-HCV coinfection HCC patients. (DOCX 17kb)

Algebraic reconstruction techniques (ART) have been successfully used to reconstruct the total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere and in recent years be tentatively used in tropospheric wet refractivity and water vapor tomography in the ground-based GNSS technology. The previous research on ART used in tropospheric water vapor tomography focused on the convergence and relaxation parameters for various algebraic reconstruction techniques and rarely discussed the impact of Gaussian constraints and initial field on the iteration results. The existing accuracy evaluation parameters calculated from slant wet delay can only evaluate the resultant precision of the voxels penetrated by slant paths and cannot evaluate that of the voxels not penetrated by any slant path. The paper proposes two new statistical parameters Bias and RMS, calculated from wet refractivity of the total voxels, to improve the deficiencies of existing evaluation parameters and then discusses the effect of the Gaussian constraints and initial field on the convergence and tomography results in multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (MART) to reconstruct the 4D tropospheric wet refractivity field using simulation method.

For any fixed positive integer D which is not a square, let (u, υ) = (u1, υ1) be the fundamental solution of the Pell equation u2 − Dυ2 = 1. Further let \(\mathbb{D}\) be the set of all positive integers D such that D is odd, D is not a square and gcd(D, υ1) > max(1, √D/8). In this paper we prove that if (x, y, z) is a positive integer solution of the equation xy + yx = z2 satisfying gcd(x, y) = 1 and xy is odd, then either \(x \in \mathbb{D}\) or \(y \in \mathbb{D}\).

Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx), as a ubiquitous antioxidant enzyme in the glutathione peroxidases (GPx) family, plays multiple roles in organisms. However, there is very little information on PHGPx in goats (Capra hircus). In this study, a full-length cDNA was cloned and characterized from Taihang black goat testes. The 844 bp cDNA contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 597 bp. The goat PHGPx nucleotide sequence contains a selenocysteine (sec) codon TGA244-246, two potential start codons ATG20-22 and ATG108-110, a polyadenylation signal AATAAA813-818 and selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) motif AUGA688-691, UGA729-731 and AAA703-705. As a selenoprotein, the active-site motifs and GPx family signature motifs LAFPCNQF101-108 and WNFEK165-170 were also found. The order of PHGPx mRNA expression levels was: testes >> heart > brain > epididymis > kidney > liver > lung > spleen > muscle. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry results revealed similar expression differences in different age testes, with high expression levels during adolescence. Immunofluorescence results suggested that PHGPx mainly expressed in Leydig cells and spermatids in mature goat testes.

Objective: To observe the levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients after intracoronary stenting (ICS), and the effects of Erigeron Injection (EI) on them.Methods: Seventy-two patients, who received ICS and had symptoms of chest stuffiness, palpitation and chest pain, were randomly divided into two groups, with 36 patients in the control group treated with Plavix alone for anti-platelet aggregation, and the other 36 patients in the treated group treated with Plavix and EI in combination. CRP, ET-1, NO and SOD were determined and compared before and 1, 2 and 3 weeks after treatment.Results: As compared with those in the control group, improvement of symptoms in the treated group was significantly better, with the levels of CRP and ET-1 lower and levels of SOD and NO higher or approaching to normal ranges and significant difference was shown between the two groups (P < 0.01).Conclusion: EI could alleviate uncomfortable feelings such as chest stuffiness in patients after ICS, and improve the function of vascular endothelium.

Objectives: Renal transplantation is the preferred method for most patients with end-stage renal disease, however, acute renal allograft rejection is still a major risk factor for recipients leading to renal injury. To improve the early diagnosis and treatment of acute rejection, study on the molecular mechanism of it is urgent. Methods: MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profile and mRNA expression profile of acute renal allograft rejection and well-functioning allograft downloaded from ArrayExpress database were applied to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and DE mRNAs. DE miRNAs targets were predicted by combining five algorithm. By overlapping the DE mRNAs and DE miRNAs targets, common genes were obtained. Differentially co-expressed genes (DCGs) were identified by differential co-expression profile (DCp) and differential co-expression enrichment (DCe) methods in Differentially Co-expressed Genes and Links (DCGL) package. Then, co-expression network of DCGs and the cluster analysis were performed. Functional enrichment analysis for DCGs was undergone. Results: A total of 1270 miRNA targets were predicted and 698 DE mRNAs were obtained. While overlapping miRNA targets and DE mRNAs, 59 common genes were gained. We obtained 103 DCGs and 5 transcription factors (TFs) based on regulatory impact factors (RIF), then built the regulation network of miRNA targets and DE mRNAs. By clustering the co-expression network, 5 modules were obtained. Thereinto, module 1 had the highest degree and module 2 showed the most number of DCGs and common genes. TF CEBPB and several common genes, such as RXRA, BASP1 and AKAP10, were mapped on the co-expression network. C1R showed the highest degree in the network. These genes might be associated with human acute renal allograft rejection. Conclusions: We conducted biological analysis on integration of DE mRNA and DE miRNA in acute renal allograft rejection, displayed gene expression patterns and screened out genes and TFs that may be related to acute renal allograft rejection.

Double Q-switched Laser is realized using LD End-pumped Nd3+:YAG crystal, AO modulator and Cr4+:YAG saturable absorber. The repetition frequency, average output power and pulse width of the laser pulses were investigated experimentally. When the double Q-switched laser works at a stable repetition frequency, in comparison with the single Q-switched case, it is found that the pumped threshold electric current is a little higher, whereas the average output power is lower, the pulse width is narrower and the compression of the pulse width occurs mainly at the fall-edge time. Hence, double Q-switch is advantageous to improve the symmetry of the laser pulse output.

This paper first quantify regulatory degree and regulatory effect of telecommunication industry in china, then establish multiple double logarithmic linear regression equation using time-series data between the year 1992 and 2009 and variables of regulatory degree and regulatory effect. The model is modified by the weighted least squares estimation model after testing its heteroskedasticity and other hypothesis tastings. Under the amended model and final test results, the paper analyzes and evaluates the effect of regulatory reform of China's telecommunications industry, then draws the conclusion: Government regulatory reform has played a positive role in the improvement of overall development, price level and quality of china's telecommunication industry.

With these years rapid development, Chinese tire industry has become one of the anti-dumping most frequently industry. This paper selected six indices and constructed tire industry international competitiveness evaluation system. Based on Large amount of data gathered, we analyzed the situation of eight major tire produce countries through factor analysis method, particular evaluated Chinese tire industry international competitiveness and drew conclusions.

Firstly, relying on the science and technology project of high yield in Hebei Province, connotation of agricultural technology demonstration and extension modes and the grain yield project in Hebei Province is introduced. Extension mode of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation is constructed. Agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode includes the radiation center, primary irradiation and secondary irradiation. Secondly, management system and operational mechanism of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode are discussed, mainly expressed in establishing leading group of demonstration counties (cities), implementing responsibility system of department leaders, setting up expert advisory instruction group, subject technology expert group and the leading group of radiation zone, carrying out the chief expert responsibility system and the technicians matrix responsibility system, establishing the operating mechanism of “open, flow, competition and collaboration” with "test area — expert two-way selection " as the core content. Finally, countermeasures to improve the agricultural technology demonstration and radiation model is put forward, such as establishing the rural technology and demonstration base, strengthening cooperation with enterprises, and adopting flexible technical training, so as to promote the communication of agricultural high-tech, to increase the contribution rate of agricultural technology, and to offer ideas for agricultural extension model at the new era.

Firstly, relying on the science and technology project of high yield in Hebei Province, connotation of agricultural technology demonstration and extension modes and the grain yield project in Hebei Province is introduced. Extension mode of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation is constructed. Agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode includes the radiation center, primary irradiation and secondary irradiation. Secondly, management system and operational mechanism of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode are discussed, mainly expressed in establishing leading group of demonstration counties (cities), implementing responsibility system of department leaders, setting up expert advisory instruction group, subject technology expert group and the leading group of radiation zone, carrying out the chief expert responsibility system and the technicians matrix responsibility system, establishing the operating mechanism of “open, flow, competition and collaboration†with "test area — expert two-way selection " as the core content. Finally, countermeasures to improve the agricultural technology demonstration and radiation model is put forward, such as establishing the rural technology and demonstration base, strengthening cooperation with enterprises, and adopting flexible technical training, so as to promote the communication of agricultural high-tech, to increase the contribution rate of agricultural technology, and to offer ideas for agricultural extension model at the new era.

Timber-structured building fires are the major disasters in many districts which preserve houses on stilts. For flame spreading mechanism of timber fires, thermal decomposition is of very importance, which provides the necessary fuels for the combustion in gas phase. To explore the thermal decomposition kinetics of the timber used in houses on stilts, fir wood is taken as experimental sample in this paper. TGA (Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer) is tested at different heating rates. Physical, chemical and thermal effect changes are analyzed according to the thermal decomposition process. The effects of heating rates on thermal decomposition process are studied. Thermal decomposition kinetic model kinetic parameters are obtained. Those researches are benefits to understanding the ignition mechanism and flame spreading in Timber-structured building fires.