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Xiao Ran,1 Dao Wen Wang,2 Zhen Yu,1 Rongxue Wu,3 Qin Zhang4 1Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2The Institute of Hypertension and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Biological Sciences Division/ Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA; 4Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qin Zhang Email qzhang8@tjh.tjmu.cnAim: Tissue kallikrein (TK) exerts protective effects on cardiac cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs). Changes in TK level in plasma are associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD); however, a causal correlation could not be established. Therefore, we investigated the association between TK levels and CCVDs in a community-based cross-sectional study in China.Methods: A total of 6043 subjects (4242 men and 1801 women) were enrolled in this community-based cross-sectional study. Then, TK levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Multivariate linear regression model and logistic regression were used to assess the correlations between TK levels and CCVDs. Subsequently, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to assess the value of TK level in evaluating the risk of ischemic stroke. Finally, the influence of various medications was evaluated on TK levels.Results: The TK level was significantly lower in subjects with ischemic stroke (P < 0.001) and hypertension (P < 0.001) and negatively associated with ischemic stroke (P < 0.001) but not associated with hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes compared to the traditional risk factors. The diagnostic accuracy for ischemic stroke, as quantified by the area under the curve, was 0.892 (95% CI, 0.884– 0.900) for TK level, deeming it as a promising assessment tool. Moreover, no appreciable influence of various drugs therapy was found in TK levels (P = 0.222) except for those taking antilipemic agents.Conclusion: TK is a strong and independent endogenous protective factor against ischemic stroke in the Chinese population and could be a promising biomarker for the risk of ischemic stroke.Keywords: tissue kallikrein, ischemic stroke, cardiac cerebral vascular disease, risk factor

Ming-Chao Wei,1 Yu-Min Wang,2 Da-Wei Wang3 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Da-Wei WangDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264001, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-0535-6602183Email gebizhizhang44557@163.comBackground: The role of microRNA (miR) in tumors has been reported in numerous articles. Previous studies have found that miR-130a is low expressed in lung cancer, but the related mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study mainly explores the mechanism of miR-130a in lung cancer, so as to provide potential therapeutic targets for clinical applications.Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-130a and KLF3 in the tissues of lung cancer patients. The miR-130a-mimics and miR-130a-inhibit were constructed. Cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis were determined by CCK-8, transwell, scratch test and flow cytometry. Western Blot was used to determine the expression of KLF3 protein in cells, and the dual-luciferase reporter to determine the relationship between KLF3 and miR-130a.Results: miR-130a shows low expression in NSCLC patients, while KLF3 shows high expression, exhibiting a negative correlation. The 5-year survival rate of patients with low miR-130a expression and high KLF3 expression was reduced. Cox regression analysis showed that miR-130a was an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients. The dual-luciferase reporter revealed that miR-130a bound to KLF3 in a targeted manner, and cell experiments showed that miR-130a could inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells by regulating the expression of KLF3.Conclusion: miR-130a shows low expression in lung cancer and predicts a poor prognosis. In addition, up-regulation of miR-130a can down-regulate KLF3 and inhibit the growth of lung cancer.Keywords: miR-130a, KLF3, lung cancer, prognosis

Yu Liu,1 Wen-Li Zhang,1 Ji-Qiang Bu,1 Jian-Jun Gu,1 Yong-Quan Sun,1 Hong-Zhan Cui,1 Da-Wei Wang,2 Zi-Ying Chen1 1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shi Jiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zi-Ying ChenDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 of Heping West Road, XinHua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 15803210520Fax +86 311 6600 2995Email chenziying258@163.comObjective: This study aims to investigate the value of thromboelastography (TEG) in predicting blood loss, and its relationship with blood transfusion demand, during the perioperative period in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).Methods: The data of 398 patients undergoing OPCABG were retrospectively analyzed. Blood was drawn before anesthesia induction (T1) and at 10 minutes after heparin neutralization (T2) for further TEG detection. The patients were divided into two groups based on the results at T2: a TEG normal group and a TEG abnormal group. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the related factors contributing to the significant increase in perioperative blood loss (more than 20% of the estimated blood volume).Results: There were 277 (69.6%) patients in the TEG normal group and 121 (30.4%) in the TEG abnormal group. Compared with the TEG normal group, the volume of blood loss, red blood cell count, and volume of plasma transfusion in the TEG abnormal group significantly increased within 24 hours after surgery. The results of the logistic regression analysis identified the use of clopidogrel, platelet count at T2, fibrinogen level at T2, and abnormality in TEG value as independent predictors for the significant increase in perioperative blood loss (P < 0.001).Conclusion: The abnormality in TEG value after heparin neutralization is correlated with massive hemorrhage and blood transfusion during the perioperative period in OPCABG. TEG detection can assist in clinical treatment and reduce the volume of blood lost in a hemorrhage and the volume of blood required in a transfusion during OPCABG.Keywords: thromboelastography, off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, perioperative period, blood loss, blood transfusion

Ming-De Cao,1 Yan-Cheng Song,2 Zhong-Meng Yang,1 Da-Wei Wang,1 Yi-Ming Lin,1 Hua-Ding Lu1 1Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hua-Ding LuDepartment of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13807918420Email johnniehuading@163.comBackground: Metastasis is the leading cause of death for patients with osteosarcoma (OS). In the present study, we explore the biomarkers for metastatic OS and provide potential therapeutic approaches.Materials and Methods: RNA-Seq data and clinical follow-up information were downloaded from TARGET and GEO databases. A Cox regression model was used to analyze metastatic events. L1000FWD, DGIdb, and CMap databases were used to identify potential drugs related to metastasis. Invasion and migration transwell assays and an adhesion assay were used to identify biological functions of genes.Results: A total of 15 metastasis-related signatures (MRSs) were associated with the prognosis based on the TARGET or GSE21257 cohorts, among which IL10RA and TLR7 genes were especially significant. In the DGIdb drug–gene interaction database, TLR7 and IFNGR1 were found to have potential interactions with drugs. After inhibiting the expression of TLR7, the migration, invasion, and adhesion ability of OS cells were significantly enhanced, which further promoted metastasis.Conclusion: We identified a set of MRS that may be related to OS metastases. Among them, TLR7 plays a vital role and may be a potential target for OS metastasis treatment.Keywords: osteosarcoma, metastatic-related signatures, drug–gene interaction, TLR7, migration, invasion

Ning Li,1 Tao Cui,2 Wenling Guo,1 Dianwei Wang,1 Li Mao31Obstetrical Department, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 251700, People’s Republic of China; 2Anesthesiology Department, Huimin County Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 251700, People’s Republic of China; 3Gynecology Department, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 251700, People’s Republic of ChinaBackground: The dysregulation of microRNAs has been implicated in the progression of different malignancies. Herein, we sought to identify the precise roles of miR-155-5p in the progression of cervical cancer.Materials and methods: The expressions of miR-155-5p in cervical carcinoma cells and clinical tissues were assessed using qRT-PCR analysis. The functions of miR-155-5p on the growth of cervical cancer cell were investigated using MTT and colony formation. The Transwell and wound closure assays were selected to explore the influence of miR-155-5p on the invasion and migration of cervical cancer cell. The effect of miR-155-5p on cervical carcinoma cell growth and metastasis in vivo was investigated using xenograft model and experimental lung metastasis model. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were applied to identify that tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1) was the target of miR-155-5p.Results: MiR-155-5p was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer tissue than that in control normal tissue. Downexpression of miR-155-5p decreased the growth, migration as well as invasiveness abilities of cervical cancer cell in vitro whereas overregulation of miR-155-5p caused the opposite outcomes. In addition, the in vivo mice xenograft model suggested that downexpression of miR-155-5p restrained the progression of cervical cancer cell whereas overexpression of miR-155-5p caused opposite outcomes. Furthermore, we revealed that TP53INP1 was the target of miR-155-5p and the level of TP53INP1 was inversely associated with miR-155-5p level in cervical carcinoma. Furthermore, TP53INP1 knockdown mimicked the influence of miR-155-5p on cervical cancer proliferation, migration and invasion phenotypes. Finally, overexpression of TP53INP1 impaired the promote effect of miR-155-5p on cervical cancer cell and downregulation of TP53INP1 counteracted the suppressive impact of miR-155-5p on the aggressiveness of cervical cancer cell.Conclusion: Our study indicated that miR-155-5p regulated the development of cervical cancer cell by regulating the expression of TP53INP1.Keywords: miR-155-5p, cervical cancer, TP53INP1, metastasis &nbsp

This international multidisciplinary document intends to provide clinicians with evidence-based practical patient-centered recommendations for evaluating patients and decedents with (aborted) sudden cardiac arrest and their families. The document includes a framework for the investigation of the family allowing steps to be taken, should an inherited condition be found, to minimize further events in affected relatives. Integral to the process is counseling of the patients and families, not only because of the emotionally charged subject, but because finding (or not finding) the cause of the arrest may influence management of family members. The formation of multidisciplinary teams is essential to provide a complete service to the patients and their families, and the varied expertise of the writing committee was formulated to reflect this need. The document sections were divided up and drafted by the writing committee members according to their expertise. The recommendations represent the consensus opinion of the entire writing committee, graded by Class of Recommendation and Level of Evidence. The recommendations were opened for public comment and reviewed by the relevant scientific and clinical document committees of the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS); the document underwent external review and endorsement by the partner and collaborating societies. While the recommendations are for optimal care, it is recognized that not all resources will be available to all clinicians. Nevertheless, this document articulates the evaluation that the clinician should aspire to provide for patients with sudden cardiac arrest, decedents with sudden unexplained death, and their families.

© 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The continuous development of integrated electronics such as maintenance-free biosensors, remote and mobile environmental sensors, wearable personal electronics, nanorobotics etc. and their continued miniaturization has led to an increasing demand for miniaturized energy storage units. Microsupercapacitors with graphene electrodes hold great promise as miniaturized, integrated power sources thanks to their fast charge/discharge rates, superior power performance, and long cycling stability. In addition, planar interdigitated electrodes also have the capability to reduce ion diffusion distances leading to a greatly improved electrochemical performance. Either as standalone power sources or complementing energy harvesting units, it is expected that graphene-based microsupercapacitors will play a key role as miniaturized power sources in electronic microsystems. This review highlights the recent development, challenges, and perspectives in this area, with an emphasis on the link between material and geometry design of planar graphene-based electrodes and their electrochemical performance and integrability.

Xiao-Ming Zhu1, Yi-Xiang J Wang1, Ken Cham-Fai Leung2,3, Siu-Fung Lee2, Feng Zhao1, Da-Wei Wang2, Josie MY Lai4, Chao Wan4, Christopher HK Cheng4, Anil T Ahuja11Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR; 2Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR; 3Institute of Creativity and Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR; 4School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong KongPurpose: To compare the cellular uptake efficiency and cytotoxicity of aminosilane (SiO2-NH2)-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO@SiO2-NH2) nanoparticles with three other types of SPIO nanoparticles coated with SiO2 (SPIO@SiO2), dextran (SPIO@dextran), or bare SPIO in mammalian cell lines.Materials and methods: Four types of monodispersed SPIO nanoparticles with a SPIO core size of 7 nm and an overall size in a range of 7–15 nm were synthesized. The mammalian cell lines of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HT-29, RAW264.7, L929, HepG2, PC-3, U-87 MG, and mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were incubated with four types of SPIO nanoparticles for 24 hours in the serum-free culture medium Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) with 4.5 µg/mL iron concentration. The cellular uptake efficiencies of SPIO nanoparticles were compared by Prussian blue staining and intracellular iron quantification. In vitro magnetic resonance imaging of MSC pellets after SPIO labeling was performed at 3 T. The effect of each SPIO nanoparticle on the cell viability of RAW 264.7 (mouse monocyte/macrophage) cells was also evaluated.Results: Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated surface coating with SiO2-NH2, SiO2, and dextran prevented SPIO nanoparticle aggregation in DMEM culture medium. MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HT-29 cells failed to show notable iron uptake. For all the remaining six cell lines, Prussian blue staining and intracellular iron quantification demonstrated that SPIO@SiO2-NH2 nanoparticles had the highest cellular uptake efficiency. SPIO@SiO2-NH2, bare SPIO, and SPIO@dextran nanoparticles did not affect RAW 264.7 cell viability up to 200 µg Fe/mL, while SPIO@SiO2 reduced RAW 264.7 cell viability from 10 to 200 µg Fe/mL in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: Cellular uptake efficiency of SPIO nanoparticles depends on both the cell type and SPIO surface characteristics. Aminosilane surface coating enhanced the cellular uptake efficiency without inducing cytotoxicity in a number of cell lines.Keywords: magnetic nanoparticles, SPIO, iron oxide, surface coating, cellular uptake

Introduction Na-ion batteries, because of the high abundance and uniform geographic distribution of Na sources, have been regarded as low cost and high efficiency energy storage devices for stationary applications.1-2 However, it is difficult to find high energy and stable cathode materials for reversible Na ion insertion and extraction because of the large radius of Na ions (~40% larger than Li ions). Recently, layer structured metal oxides and NASICON structured Na3V2(PO4)3 have been demonstrated to be good cathode candidates.1-7 Na0.44MnO2 is known to have excellent cycling stability and can have a theoretical capacity of ~120 mAh/g when it cycles between Na0.22MnO2 and Na0.66MnO2. However, it has to be pre-cycled to 2V in order to fully use the capacity. Na3V2(PO4)3 is at discharge state and has a theoretical capacity of ~117 mAh/g. Yet it suffers from a low conductivity and usually needs large amount of carbon in electrode preparation. In this work, we synthesized Na3V2(PO4)3-graphene nanocomposite and demonstrated its excellent cycling stability and rate performance as cathodes for Na-ion batteries. A capacity of ~102 mAh/g was obtained at 0.5C current density and the capacity retention was ~99% after 600 cycles. Results and Discussion The Na3V2(PO4)3-graphene nanocomposite has 10% graphene. It was mixed with conductive carbon (10%) and binder (10%) and casted on an aluminum substrate. Long cycle stability was demonstrated in coin cells with Na metal as the counter electrode. A capacity of ~102 mAh/g was obtained at 0.5C and the capacity retention was ~99% after 600 cycles. We also studied the rate performance. The capacity at 2C rate is ~70 mAh/g. Fig. 1. Long term cycling stability of the Na3V2(PO4)3-graphene nanocomposite. Acknowledgement. The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability (OE) (under Contract No. 57558). We also are grateful for enlightening discussions with Dr. Imre Gyuk of the DOE-OE Grid Storage Program. (A portion of) The research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. References 1. MD Slater, DH Kim, EJ Lee, and CS Johnson. Adv. Funct. Mater. 23(2013):947. 2. HL Pan, Y-S Hu, and LQ Chen. Energy Environ. Sci. 6 (2013): 2338. 3. YL. Cao, LF Xiao, W Wang, DW Choi, ZM Nie, JG Yu, LV Saraf, ZG Yang, and J Liu. Adv. Mater. 23 (2011): 3155. 4. D Kim, E Lee, M Slater, W Lu, S Rood, and CS Johnson. Electrochem. Commun. 18(2012 ): 66. 5. M Sathiya, K Hemalatha, K Ramesha, JM Tarascon, AS Prakash. Chem. Mater. 24(2012):1846. 6. ZL Jian, WZ Han, X Lu, HX Yang, YS Hu, J Zhou, ZB Zhou, JQ Li, W Chen, DF Chen, and LQ Chen. Adv. Engery Mater. 3(2013):156. 7. K Saravanan, CW Mason, A Rudola, KH Wong, and P Balaya. Adv. Energy Mater. 3(2013): 444.

We investigated the effect of the exchange-correlation kernels of Dobson and Wang (DW) [Phys. Rev. B 62, 10038 (2000)] and Corradini, Del Sole, Onida, and Palummo (CDOP) [Phys. Rev. B 57, 14569 (1998)] in the framework of the adiabatic connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The original CDOP kernel was generalized to treat inhomogeneous systems, and an efficient numerical implementation was developed. We found that both kernels improve the correlation energy in bulk silicon as compared to that evaluated from the random phase approximation (RPA). In particular, the correlation energy from the CDOP kernel is in excellent agreement with the diffusion Monte Carlo result. In the case of the Kr dimer, while the DW kernel leads to stronger binding than RPA, the CDOP kernel does the opposite. The cause of this quite different behavior of the two kernels is discussed. Our study suggests that special attention needs to be paid to describe the effective interaction at the low density regions when developing model exchange-correlation kernels.

ERKEN MYOKARD İNFARKTÜSÜ TANISINDA ANTI-MUSCLE AKTİN MONOKLONAL ANTİKORUN HHF35 DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ Evaluation of anti-muscle actin monoclonal antibody HHF35 in the diagnosis of early myocardial infarction Hu BJ, Chen YC, Zhu JZ, Bi QM, Cheng JD, Li J, Zeng JL. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 1999 Aug;15(3):138-9, 192, 189-90 Anti-muscle aktin monoklonal antikoru HHF35 ‘in erken myokard enfarktüsü tanısında spesifitesini araştırmak için normal, enfarkte ve direkt/indirekt olarak yaralanmış enfarkte olmayan kalp kaslarında HHF35 boyamanın yol açtığı değişimler immünohistokimyasal S-P yöntemi ile çalışıldı. Sonuçlar, enfarkte myokardda HHF35 boyamanın çeşitli derecelerde kayıpla sonuçlandığını, fakat myokardit, mekanik asfiksi, elektrikle idam, hemorajik şok, kardiak kontüzyon ve organofosfat zehirlenmesi gibi direkt veya indirekt myokard yaralanmak myokardlarda da aynı özellik saptandığını göstermiştir. Bu nedenle erken myokard enfarktüsü tanısında HHF35 immünohistokim-ya kullanırken dikkatli olunması gereklidir. YİV SET İZLERİ KRİTERİ: BİR GENEL KRİTİK Consecutive matching striation criteria: a general critique Bunch SG. J Forensic Sei 2000 Sep;45(5):955-62 Adli bilimlerde, ateşli silah ve yiv set izlerinin kimliklendirilmesinde araştırmacılar geleneksel olarak sübjektif kriterler üzerinden benzerlikleri inceleyerek karar verme durumunda kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma, ateşlenmiş mermi üzerindeki yiv set izlerinin dikkate alınması esasına dayalı bir objektif kriter sisteminin genel olarak geçerliliğini eleştirel olarak incelemektedir. Teorik olduğu kadar, pratik değerlendirmeler de tartışılarak, Bayes teoremi perspektifi ile bu tartışmalar değerlendirildi. Sonuç olarak, bu objektif kriter sisteminin dezavantajları bulunmaktadır, ancak bu konuda araştırma ve mantıksal analizler devam etmelidir. MORFİN VE METABOLİTLERİNİN POSTMORTEM YENİDEN DAĞILIMI Postmortem redistribution of morphine and its metabolites. Gerostamoulos J, Drummer OH. J Forensic Sei 2000 Jul; 45(4): 843-5 Eroine bağlı 40 ölüm olgusunda morfin, morfin-3-glucronid, morfin-6-glukuronid ve total morfinin postmortem yeniden dağılımı araştırıldı. Subklavyen, kalp ve femoral bölgelerden alınan kanda morfin ve metabo-litlerinin konsantrasyonları benzer bulundu. Kalpten alınan kanda femoral veya subklavyen kandakilere göre daha yüksek konsantrasyonlar elde edilse de anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Bununla birlikte, cesedin ulaştırıldığı anda ve ortalama olarak postmortem 59. saatte otopside elde edilen kanlardaki konsantrasyonlar arasında da anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Bulgularımıza göre, morfin ve metabo-litlerinin postmortem yeniden dağılımı olası görünmemektedir. PETROL ÜRÜNÜ İÇEREN ZEMİNLER The petroleum-laced background Lentini JJ, Dolan JA, Cherry C. J Forensic Sei 2000 Sep;45(5):968-89 Araştırmacılar, pasif headspace konsantrasyonu ve gaz kromatografik/kütle spektrometrik (GC/MS) analizi kullanarak giysi, ayakkabı, çeşitli ev ürünleri, yapı malzemeleri, kağıt ürünleri, mukavva ve yapıştırıcılar gibi çok çeşitli ürünlerde kontaminasyon olmaksızın saptanabilir uçucu bileşenler bulnduğunu göstermiştir. Bu materyallerin üretiminde kullanılan petrol ürünü sıvılar uzun yıllar sonra dahi tespit edilebilmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, mümkün olduğunda karşılaştırma amacıyla örnek kullanılmasının önemine işaret etmektedir. MYOKARD İNFARKTÜSÜNÜN POSTMORTEM TANISINDA C5 KOMPLEMANININ ÖZGÜLLÜĞÜ Study on the specificity of complement C5 for the postmortem diagnosis of myocardial infarction Hu BJ, Zhang YC, Zhu JZ, Bi QM, Li ], Zeng JL, Li J. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001 Feb;17(l):7-9, 61 Myokard infarktüsünün postmortem tanısında C5 komplemanmin spesifitesini araştırmak için normal, en-farkte ve direkt veya indirekt olarak yaralanmış infarkte olmayan kalp kasları (myokardit, mekanik asfiksi, elektrikle idam, hemorajik şok, kardiak kontüzyon ve orga-nofosfat zehirlenmesi) immünohistokimya ve görüntü analizleri ile çalışıldı. Sonuçta myokard infarktüslü ve myokarditli grupta pozitif C5 boyanma saptanırken, mekanik asfiksi, elektrikle idam, hemorajik şok, kardiak kontüzyon ve organofosfat zehirlenmesi gruplarında saptanmadı. Böylece C5 pozitif reaksiyonunun sadece myokardit ile karışabileceği ve myokard infarktüsü tanısında daha spesifik olduğu görüldü. YARA ZAMANINI SAPTAMADA SEREBRAL KONTÜZYON SONRASINDA FİBRONEKTİN GÖSTERİLMESİ ÇALIŞMASI Study on the expression of fibroneetin after cerebral contusion in rats for timing of injuries Chen L, Chen YJ, Liu NG, Li Z, Zhao ZQ, Gu YJ. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001 Feb;17(l):l-3, 61 Radarda tekrarlanabilir deneysel fokal serebral kontüzyon modeli için sağ hemisferlere çarpacak şekilde darbe uygulandı. Fibronektin ve fibronektin mRNA’sının açığa çıktığı immünohistokimyasal boyama ve in situ hibridizasyon ile saptandı. Sonuçlar göstermiştir ki fibronektin ve fibronektin mRNA’sının açığa çıkışı yaralanmadan sonra artmakta ve artmış fibronektin ile mRNA’sı ve beyin yaralanmasının değişik evreleri arasında bir ilişki oluşmaktadır. Buradan fibronektin ve mRNA’mn açığa çıkışının beyin yaralanmasında zaman tayininde ve antemortem-postmortem beyin kontüzyon-larının ayırt edilmesinde kullanılabileceği çıkarılabilir. TAVŞANDA ÖLÜMDEN SONRA GÖZ İÇİ SIVISI ABSORB ANS DEĞİŞİMİ İLE POSTMORTEM İNTERVAL ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE ÇALIŞMA Study on the relationship between postmortem interval and the change of absorbance in vitreous humor of rabbit after death Gong ZQ, Xu XM, Sun YG, Wang DW, Zhou XM, Xu FY, Zhou JL. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001 May;17(2):77-8 AMAÇ: Postmortem intervali (PMİ) hesaplamada kesin bir yöntem aramak. YÖNTEM: Bu çalışma postmortem interval ve ölüm sonrası tavşan göz sıvısında absor-bans arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak için yapılmıştır. Ölüm sonrası 48 tavşanın göz sıvısı Model 754 spektrofotomet-re ile apt dalgaboyunda (420 nm) incelendi. BULGU-LAR.Tavşanlarda ölümden sonraki 0-72 saatler arasında postmortem interval (Y) ile göz sıvısının absorbansı (X) arasında pozitif lineer regresyon (r = 0.98327, P < 0.05) saptandı. Lineer regresyon formülü Y = 453.30 X + 0.75 olarak bulundu (Y = postmortem interval = PMI, X = göz sıvısı absorbansı). SONUÇ: Göz sıvısı absorbansı PMİ hesaplamada ilk 72 saatte referans gösterge olabilir. FARELERDE KAPALI BEYİN TRAVMASINA BAĞLI PATOLOJİK DEĞİŞİMLERİN H.E., ESTARİFİKASYON GÜMÜŞ BOYASI VE İMMÜNOHİSTOKİMYASAL BOYA İLE ÇALIŞILMASI A study on pathological changes of closed diffuse brain injury in rats with H.E., esterification-silver stain and albumin immunohistochemical stain Yu X], Xiao F, Wu JW, Wu MY. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001 May;17(2):69-73, 76 AMAÇ: Beyin hasarının hemen ardından ve 15 dakika ile 5 gün içerisinde ölen farelerde kapalı diffüz beyin hasarına bağlı patolojik değişimlerin incelenmesi. YÖNTEM: Kapalı diffüz beyin hasarını incelemek için H.E ve esterifikasyon-gümüş boyaları uygulandı. BULGULAR: Künt travmanın hemen ardından ölen farelerde beyin dokusunda, özellikle beyin sapında çok sayıda büzüşmüş nöron ( tip 1 değişim ), şişmiş nöron (tip 2 değişim), ve dalga görünümlü sinir lifleri ayırt edildi.Travmayı izleyen 2-8. saatlerde beyin ödemi ve korteks ve beyaz cevherde, özellikle beyin sapında aksonal şişme belirgin şekilde gözlendi.Travmayı izleyen 8-24. saatlerde aksonal retraksiyon topları izlenmeye başlandı. Yaşam süresi uzadıkça tip 1 ve tip 2 değişim gösteren nöronların ve kont-raksiyon toplarının miktarının arttığı izlendi. 4. ve 5. günlerden sonra beyin ödeminin gerilediği, ancak retraksiyon topları ve aksonal şişliğin hala sürmekte olduğu görüldü. Esterifikasyon-gümüş boyası ile nöron ve aksonal liflerde yukarıda sözü edilen değişimler daha açık gözlendi. ABC boya tekniğiyle albumin dağılımı (Al) perivaskü-ler alandan diffüz dağılıma yayılma göstermektedir. SONUÇ: Beyinde künt travma hasarı coup, contr-coup ve dıştan merkeze doğru dağılım göstermektedir. CİNSEL SALDIRI ÖNCESİ VE SONRASINDA KADINLARDA TIBBİ BAŞVURU: POPULASYON ÇALIŞMASI Medical care use among women before and after sexual assault: a population study. J Strike Lorraine E Ferris C. J Obstet Gynaecol 2001;21(3):285-291 Cinsel saldırıya uğrayan ve uğramayan kadınların cinsel saldırıya uğramadan önce ve sonra tıbbi muayene başvuru alışkanlıkları yönünden karşılaştırıldı. Nisan 1996 ve Mart 1997 yılları arasında cinsel saldırı nedeniyle adli muayene uygulanan 15 yaş ve üzerindeki 690 kadın ve aynı sayıda aynı yaşlarda kontrol grubu karşılaştırıldı. Bu çalışma idari görüşme verileri kullanılarak eşleştirilmiş kontrollü popülasyon çalışmasıdır. Sonuçlar uz- rtfanlık dallarına, klinik veya hastane tanılarına ve taburcu edilişlerini içermektedir. Olguların %38.4’ü 15-19 yaş arasında, %21.4’ü 20-24 yaşları arasında ve %40.2’si 25 ve daha büyüktür. Cinsel saldırı öncesi ve sonrasında saldırıya uğrayan grubun uğramayan gruba göre daha sık tıbbi muayene başvuruları yapmakta olduğu, her iki dönemde de saldırıya uğrayan grubun daha sık tıbbi başvuruda bulunduğu daha çok hastaneye yattığı saptanmıştır. Bu olgular çalışma süresinde çok daha çeşitli fiziksel ve psikolojik sorunlar tarif etmektedirler. Cinsel saldırı sonrası adli muayeneye başvuranlarda fiziksel ve mental sorunların devam etmesi ciddi bir sorundur. Muayene öncesinde aydınlatılmış onam alınması en başta gelen konudur. Ağır mental hastalığı olan kurbanlarda kanıt toplama ve dokümante edilmesi bu kişiler mahkemede tanıklık yapmakta güçlük çekeceği için daha da önemlidir. Çalışmamız, kadınların adli muayene imkanları sunulduğu veya sunulmadığı her iki durumda muayene olmaktan neden kaçındıklarının belirlenmesi için ileri araştırmalar yapılması gerektiğini göstermiştir. POSTMORTEM SÜRE VE FARE BÖBREK HÜCRECİKLERİNİN DNA MİKTARINDAKİ DEĞİŞİM ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA A study on the relationship between postmortem interval and the changes of DNA content in the kidney cellule of rat Liu L, Peng DB, Liu Y, Deng WN, Liu YL, Li JJ. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001 May;17(2):65-8 Fare böbrek hücreciklerinde DNA miktarı değişimi ve bu değişimin postmortem süre ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. YÖNTEM: Bu deneyde hücre çekirdeğini değerlendirmek amacıyla aralarında alan, bütünsel optik yoğunluğun da bulunduğu yedi parametre seçildi ve postmortem 0-48 saat aralığında farklı sürelerde auto-TV-image sistemi ile 15 farenin böbrek hücreciğinin DNA miktarındaki değişim belirlendi. BULGULAR: Hücre çekirdeğinde DNA yıkım hızı, farede erken postmortem süre (0-48 saat) ile kesin olarak ilişkilidir ve iki terimli gerileme denklemi elde edilebilir. SONUÇ: Hücre çekirdeğinde DNA miktarının belirlenmesi postmortem süre tayininde objektif ve kesin sonuç veren bir yöntemdir.

Molecular Basis of an Inherited Epilepsy Lossin C, Wang DW, Rhodes TH, Vanoye CG, George AL. Neuron 2002;34:877–884 Epilepsy is a common neurologic condition that reflects neuronal hyperexcitability arising from largely unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms. In generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, an autosomal dominant epilepsy syndrome, mutations in three genes coding for voltage-gated sodium channel α or β1 subunits (SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN1B) and one γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-receptor subunit gene (GABRG2) have been identified. Here we characterize the functional effects of three mutations in the human neuronal sodium channel α subunit SCN1A by heterologous expression with its known accessory subunits, β1 and β2, in cultured mammalian cells. SCN1A mutations alter channel inactivation, resulting in persistent inward sodium current. This gain-of-function abnormality will likely enhance excitability of neuronal membranes by causing prolonged membrane depolarization, a plausible underlying biophysical mechanism responsible for this inherited human epilepsy.