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Additional file 2. The informed consent letter (in Norwegian).

Additional file 3: Contains baseline table of the study population.

Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist 2013: Recommended items to address in clinical trial protocol and related documents*.

Additional file 4: Contains descriptive statistics of the measured metabolites.

Additional file 6: CONSORT checklist.

Additional file 1: Contains a typical daily menu and the nutrient contents of the diets.

Additional file 2: Contains a figure of the participant flow.

Additional file 8. Estimated means linear predictions/response in creatinine-adjusted urinary sulfur amino acid concentrations. Values are derived from a linear mixed model regression. The p-values denote the p for interaction between group and time and indicate the difference in response over time between the Met/Cys-medium and Met/Cys-high groups. Abbreviations: Met/Cys, methionine and cysteine.

Additional file 11. Individual responses in mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue in the Met/Cys-medium group. Abbreviations; Met/Cys, methionine and cysteine; MTR, methionine synthase reductase; CBS, cystathionine-β-synthase; CDO, cysteine dioxygenase; GCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; GCLM, glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit; CPT1A, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1a; ACACA, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; FASN, fatty acid synthase; DGAT1, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1; SCD1, stearoyl CoA-desaturase 1; SREBP, sterol regulatory element binding protein; PPARG, peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor γ; MTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; LEP, leptin; PRDM16, PR domain containing 16.

Additional file 3. Mean daily sulfur amino acid intake in the low, moderate and high Met/Cys diets.

Additional file 4. Primer sequences of gene expression measured by qPCR.

Additional file 7. Estimated means linear predictions/response in creatinine-adjusted urinary sulfur amino acid concentrations. Values are derived from a linear mixed model regression. The p-values denote the p for interaction between group and time and indicate the difference in response over time between the Met/Cys-low and Met/Cys-high groups. Abbreviations: Met/Cys, methionine and cysteine.

Additional file 12. Individual responses in mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue in the Met/Cys-high group. Abbreviations; Met/Cys, methionine and cysteine; MTR, methionine synthase reductase; CBS, cystathionine-β-synthase; CDO, cysteine dioxygenase; GCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; GCLM, glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit; CPT1A, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1a; ACACA, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; FASN, fatty acid synthase; DGAT1, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1; SCD1, stearoyl CoA-desaturase 1; SREBP, sterol regulatory element binding protein; PPARG, peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor γ; MTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; LEP, leptin; PRDM16, PR domain containing 16.

Additional file 2. A typical daily menu in the 7-day diet.

Additional file 10. Individual responses in mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue in the Met/Cys-low group. Abbreviations; Met/Cys, methionine and cysteine; MTR, methionine synthase reductase; CBS, cystathionine-β-synthase; CDO, cysteine dioxygenase; GCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; GCLM, glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit; CPT1A, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1a; ACACA, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; FASN, fatty acid synthase; DGAT1, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1; SCD1, stearoyl CoA-desaturase 1; SREBP, sterol regulatory element binding protein; PPARG, peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor γ; MTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; LEP, leptin; PRDM16, PR domain containing 16.

Additional file 1. Contains a schematic overview of sulfur amino acid metabolism.

Additional file 2. Contains the CONSORT figure.

Additional file 9. Estimated means linear predictions/response in serum Fibroblast growth Factor 21 to the diets. Values are derived from a linear mixed model regression. The p-values denote the p for interaction between group and time and indicate the difference in response over time between the Met/Cys-medium and Met/Cys-high groups. Abbreviations: FGF21, fibroblast growth factor 21; Met/Cys, methionine and cysteine.

Additional file 6. Estimated means linear predictions/responses in plasma sulfur amino acids. Values are derived from a linear mixed model regression. The p-values denote the p for interaction between group and time and indicate the difference in response over time between the Met/Cys-medium and Met/Cys-high groups. Abbreviations: Met/Cys, methionine and cysteine; SAM, S-adenosylmethionine, SAH, S-adenosylhomocysteine; GSH, glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione.

Additional file 13. Correlation (95% confidence interval) between changes in plasma sulfur amino acids and gene expression.

Additional file 1. Mean nutrient content and composition in the 7-day diet, excluding SAA-powder.