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Introduction: Biodentine (Tricalcium Silicate based) is a modern bioactive cement that is comparable to the broadly utilized mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). It has dentin-like mechanical properties, which can be considered appropriate material for diseased dentin-pulp complex recovery such as direct pulp capping. The present study was to compare the reaction of the pulp-dentin complex in human teeth after direct pulp capping with use of MTA and Biodentine. Objective: To assess the histomorphologic response of human dental pulps on direct pulp capping with MTA and Biodentine. Methods: Pulps of 34 maxillary permanent intact human third molars planned for extraction were mechanically exposed with sterile rotary round bur and allotted to one of the two exploratory groups, MTA or Biodentine. After four weeks, the teeth were extracted, stained with hematoxylin- eosin, and categorized by employing a preset histologic scoring framework. The histopathologic evaluations scored data were recorded and statically analyzed using SPSS where Mann-Whitney U test was used and p

Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a commonly encountered dental complaint, management of which is often challenging to dentists. It occurs when dentinal tubules are patent both at the pulpal and the oral surface. It is widely accepted that DH affects function and quality of life. Thus, it is necessary for dentists to manage it properly. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of VivaSens and Propolis in comparison to Gluma in reducing cervical dentin hypersensitivity. Methods: A randomized clinical trial, double-blinded, parallel-group study was conducted among forty-five patients. They were randomly allocated into three different groups (n=15): Gluma (positive control), VivaSens, and Propolis. Tactile and evaporative methods were used to assess pain using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) in patients with cervical abrasion, with a complaint of dentin hypersensitivity. Pain score was recorded preoperatively, immediately after application, at one week and one month postoperatively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 and Microsoft Excel version 2010. Mean NPRS scores were calculated. Results: All three desensitizing agents significantly reduced DH scores from baseline to all subsequent follow-ups (p

Pragati Kaurani,1 Kavita Batra,2 Himangini Rathore Hooja,3 Rajlakshmi Banerjee,4 Rasika Manori Jayasinghe,5 Dhanushka Leuke Bandara,6 Navin Agrawal,7 Vimmi Singh7 1Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, 302022, India; 2Office of Research, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89102, USA; 3Department of Psychology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur, 302020, Rajasthan, India; 4Department of Prosthodontics, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440019, India; 5Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka; 6Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka; 7Department of Conservative Dentistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, NepalCorrespondence: Pragati Kaurani Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, RIICO Industrial Area, Sitapura, Jaipur, 302022, IndiaFax +91 141-2770326Email drpragatikaurani@rediffmail.comPurpose: The social distancing mandates instituted during COVID-19 pandemic mark the sudden transition in the mode of dental education’s delivery to the virtual instruction. It is vital to assess students’ perceptions towards virtual learning environments, particularly among those gaining education in resource-strained countries. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the perceptions of dental undergraduates towards online education, environment and transferable skills and patient care during COVID-19 in India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka.Materials and Methods: Dental preclinical and clinical undergraduate students from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka were recruited from November 2020 to March 2021 through a 47-item web-based survey consisting of psychometrically valid subscales of Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) and Transferable Skills Questionnaire. The mean scores of students’ perceptions of learning, environment, and patient care skills were compared among preclinical and clinical students of the participating countries.Results: Of total 930 participants, 44.4% were from India, 26.1% from Sri Lanka and 29.5% responses from Nepal. Sri Lanka reported the highest mean scores across all domains of perception indicative of positive attitude. Clinical students from all participating countries had statistically significantly higher positive perception of transferable skills in patient care as opposed to their preclinical counterparts. On the contrary, perception towards learning was higher among preclinical students as opposed to clinical students. These differences were statistically significant for Nepal and Sri Lanka.Conclusion: The findings of this study underscore the need to develop and implement effective online dental educational interventions to foster academic growth and essential practical skills without compromising academic rigor and continuity in the dental education curriculum.Keywords: online learning, dental students, academic environment, educational environment, DREEM questionnaire

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v15i1.22238 Inflammatory external root resorption is one of the major complications after traumatic dental injury. It is characterized by the loss of mineralized dental tissue which may, ultimately, result in loss of the tooth. However, with appropriate treatment, prognosis for these teeth may be greatly improved, by preventing or arresting resorption. This is a case report of an 18-year-old male patient presented with root canal treated maxillary central incisors associated with pain; with history of trauma. Radiographic examination revealed periradicular lesion and associated pathologic resorption of the apical region of the root with respect to 11 and calcification of the root canal with inadequate obturation with respect to 21. After removal of the root canal filling, 11 was disinfected with intracanal double antibiotic paste. After 2 weeks, antibiotic dressing was removed, and apical third was sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Canal was obturated with custom-fit gutta-percha and accessory cones with AH plus sealer and restoration was done with composite resin. Retreatment was also done with respect to 21 and obturated with custom-fit gutta-percha. Both teeth were restored with E-max crown. No clinical symptoms were apparent, significant osseous healing of the periradicular region was observed with arrest of external root resorption with respect to 11 and no periapical changes were apparent with respect to 21 on subsequent follow-up. Key words: double antibiotic paste; external root resorption; mineral trioxide aggregate.

Canals can be of different shapes in cross section including round canals, oval canals, long oval canals or ribbon shaped canals. Recesses of nonround canals may not be included in the round preparation created by rotary instruments and thus they remain unprepared. The aim of this study included determination of shape and taper of the apical root canal based on diameter at different levels. Measurement of the diameter of the root canal at one, two and three mm cross sections from the apex of the tooth were done such that apical instrumentation in root canal treatment could be modified based on the results obtained.This was a cross sectional study which used convenient sampling technique to determine the sample size. Seventy extracted teeth were sectioned horizontally at one, two and three millimeter from the apex using the diamond disc which was observed under trinocular research microscope for the determination of diameter of root canal under 10x magnification. Digital images of the sections were taken by a camera attached to the research microscope and analysis done using DigiPro 4.0 software.The most common canal configuration was oval. The taper of the canals was 25% in mesial root and 20% in distal in bucco-lingual orientation and 14% in mesial root and 15% in distal in mesio-distal orientation.The most prevalent canal configuration in this study was non round, however, most of the rotary instruments tend to prepare root canals into round shape making their use questionable. The taper of the root canals was found to be higher in our study than what most of the shaping instruments have to offer. So it would be advisable to consider this fact while selecting instruments and preparing these non-round canals as far as the Nepalese subpopulation is considered.

Root canal morphology is not uniform, variations of root canals are routinely encountered by endodontists making the root canal treatment more challenging. C shaped canal is a variation commonly encountered in mandibular second molars. The main identifying feature of such canals is presence of fins or webs interconnecting with the main canals. Such canal systems require meticulous mechanical and rigorous chemical preparation to ensure desired outcome of the treatment. Proper assessment of tooth morphology, preoperative radiograph along with consideration towards racial predilection will greatly help in accurate identification of such canals pre-operatively. This paper reports a case of C shaped canal in mandibular second molar diagnosed and treated taking all the precautions and adapting necessary modifications in the steps of conventional root canal treatment steps where required thus increasing the likelihood of success.