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Diante da pandemia causada pelo COVID-19, se fez necessário o isolamento social visando dificultar o contágio viral. Estima-se situação de maior vulnerabilidade em idosos, devido a maior suscetibilidade imunológica e por apresentarem comorbidades prévias, consideradas fatores de risco. Esta vulnerabilidade é acentuada pela situação do isolamento, trazendo significativa mudança na rotina do idoso, dificultando a prática de atividades físicas, que por sua vez alteram seu quadro físico, psicológico e social. Assim, teve-se como objetivo avaliar as implicações do isolamento social na saúde e qualidade de vida dos idosos. Para tal, foi realizado um levantamento de informações através de questionários sociodemográficos acerca dos hábitos de vida destes idosos. Com isto, almejou-se elucidar os fatores agravantes à saúde, com o fim de preveni-los e/ou amenizá-los, buscando também proporcionar um melhor preparo para possíveis situações recorrentes. O trabalho teve o intuito de compreender quais foram as mudanças nos hábitos de vida da população idosa, bem como tais mudanças afetam a qualidade de vida desta população. O presente trabalho aventou, por meio do questionário, onde foi entrevistado 74 idosos, todos residentes da cidade de Maringá, PR, que houve redução na prática de exercícios físicos. Além disso, foi detectado piora na qualidade do sono, alguns casos com perda ou ganho de peso e ingestão de novos remédios. Os resultados obtidos contribuem para o desenvolvimento de estratégias paliativas, por órgãos e instituições voltadas a população idosa, que minimizem os impactos gerados pelo isolamento social, evitando maiores prejuízos aos cofres públicos e ao Sistema Único de Saúde.

La ruptura posterosuperior del manguito rotador es la lesión más usual entre las rupturas del manguito rotador. El trapecio inferior es la alternativa más anatómica para la transferencia de rupturas irreparables posterosuperiores del manguito rotador, debido a que su origen es craneal al dorsal ancho y medial a la fosa infraespinosa de la escápula, brindándole una línea de tracción similar a la del tendón del infraespinoso. El objetivo de este estudio, es describir la funcionalidad de los pacientes sometidos a la transferencia de la porción inferior del trapecio, mediante un estudio observacional descriptivo, en pacientes menores de 65 años con una lesión irreparable del manguito rotador, intervenidos por un cirujano con experiencia en dicho procedimiento.

Fine Grained Containerization for Workflow Trust

What cutting-edge storage technology is available to deal with data? Can we leverage services deployment platforms for scientific workflows? How do we tune the storage and deployment platforms?

RESUMEN El presente artículo de corte historiográfico identifica y explica algunas características sociales propias de la personalidad e identidad colectiva de ciertas figuras representativas de la historia medieval (villicus, el caballero, el cortesano, el funcionario, el polígrafo y la bruja) europea bajo la perspectiva conceptual de autoafirmación planteada por el sociólogo alemán Norber Elias. Estudio realizado desde la perspectiva de la combinación del colectivismo metodológico, en el que las condiciones materiales y culturales son fundamentales para contextualizar y explicar los procesos históricos, y el individualismo metodológico, que nos advierte de la presencia y la injerencia de los episodios individuales en la confección de un proceso en el tiempo y el espacio, que nos dio para establecer que todos estos personajes sociales se gestaron en una matriz rural, campesina y feudal, relativamente autárquica, y evolucionaron en el crisol de una estructura urbana, mercantil y cortesana. ABSTRACT This historiographical article identifies and explains some of the social characteristics of the personality and collective identity of certain representative figures of medieval history (villicus, the knight, the courtier, the civil servant, the polygraph and the european witch) from the self-assertion conceptual perspective raised by the German sociologist Norber Elias. A study carried out from the perspective of the combination of methodological collectivism, in which material and cultural conditions are fundamental to contextualize and explain into historical proceses, and methodological individualism, which warns us of the presence and interference of individual episodes in the creation of a process in time and space. These elements allow us to establish that all these social characters were conceived in a rural, peasant and feudal matrix, relatively autarkic, and evolved in the crucible of an urban, mercantile and courtly structure.

The Higher Level Technical Education scenario has undergone significant structural changes with the opening of public institutions (Chilean Law 20.910) as of 2018. This would imply a technical education offer that is closer to the productive sectors. This article analyzes the relationship between Supply (Vacancies), Demand (Enrolment) and regional economic activities (GDP–Employment) from 2013 to 2019. The methodology is quantitative in nature with a descriptive and explanatory scope achieved through statistical analysis of pairs of data from five Chilean regions: Tarapacá, Coquimbo, Maule, La Araucanía and Los Lagos. The results reflect that there is a relationship between Supply, Demand and productive sectors with greater strength in the regions of exclusive productive orientation according to GDP; The contraction of the private sector in the FTNS scenario is also evident from the positioning of the public offer.

Tools for gathering soil moisture data (such as in situ soil sensors and satellites) have differing capabilities. In situ soil moisture data has fine-grained spatial and high temporal resolution, but is only available in limited areas; satellite data is available globally, but is more coarse in resolution. Existing software tools for studying the dynamic characteristics of soil moisture data are limited in their ability to model soil moisture at multiple spatial and temporal scales, and these limitations hamper scientists’ ability to address urgent practical problems such as wildfire management and food and water security. Accurate gathering and effective modeling of soil moisture data are essential to address pressing environmental challenges. This interdisciplinary project designs, builds, and shares a data-driven software ecosystem for soil moisture applications. This software ecosystem models and predicts soil moisture at scales suitable to support studies in forestry, precision agriculture, and earth surface hydrology. This project connects multi-disciplinary advances across the scientific community (such as generating datasets at scale and supporting cloud-based cyberinfrastructures) to develop a data-driven software ecosystem for analyzing, visualizing, and extracting knowledge from the growing data collections (from fine-grained, in situ soil sensor information to coarse-grained, global satellite measurements) and releasing this knowledge to applications in environmental sciences. Specifically, this project (a) develops scalable methodologies to integrate and analyze soil moisture data at multiple spatial and temporal scales; (b) implements a data-driven software ecosystem to access complex information and provide basic and applied knowledge to inform researchers and stakeholders interested in soil moisture dynamics (scientists, educators, government agencies, policy makers); and (c) builds cyberinfrastructures to support discovery on cloud platforms, lowering resource barriers to improve accessibility and interoperability., Support of the National Science Foundation (US) OAC #2103845 and OAC #2103836.

In this poster, we address the scientists' need for data traceability and results explainability of soil moisture predictions. We address the need by transforming existing container technology into tools for automatically annotating provenance metadata in workflow executions. We demonstrate the new capabilities with the study of a workflow predicting soil moisture values from the 27 km resolution satellite data down to fine-grain resolutions necessary for practical use in policy making and precision agriculture. Because of our approach, we can identify the causes of different accuracy for predicted soil moisture values in different resolutions of input data, and link different results to different prediction methods used during the soil moisture downscaling, all without requiring a scientist to know aspects of workflow design and implementation., Support of the National Science Foundation (US) OAC #2103845 and OAC #2103836.

Funder: start-up funding from Donald Danforth Plant Science Center (DDPSC), C4 plants frequently experience high light and high temperature conditions in the field, which reduce growth and yield. However, the mechanisms underlying these stress responses in C4 plants have been under-explored, especially the coordination between mesophyll (M) and bundle sheath (BS) cells. We investigated how the C4 model plant Setaria viridis responded to a four-hour high light or high temperature treatment at photosynthetic, transcriptomic, and ultrastructural levels. Although we observed a comparable reduction of photosynthetic efficiency in high light or high temperature treated leaves, detailed analysis of multi-level responses revealed important differences in key pathways and M/BS specificity responding to high light and high temperature. We provide a systematic analysis of high light and high temperature responses in S. viridis, reveal different acclimation strategies to these two stresses in C4 plants, discover unique light/temperature responses in C4 plants in comparison to C3 plants, and identify potential targets to improve abiotic stress tolerance in C4 crops.

Como compreensão da sociedade moderna, deve existir uma distinção do conceito de “público” e “privado” e, para tanto, deve-se retornar à Grécia antiga, na qual o que possuía caráter público não se confundia com o que integrada o doméstico, que não podia ser compartilhado, por não fazer parte da esfera visível. Na sociedade grega a propriedade era condição sine qua non para ingresso na comunidade política e, por isso, detinha o caráter sagrado. Na sociedade moderna possuía o caráter de libertar o cidadão das necessidades biológicas. O significado da propriedade, enquanto representação de riqueza, é construção da modernidade ao estabelecer sua proteção como sendo um problema da esfera pública e isso trouxe à essa esfera problemas antes resolvidos no ambiente privado, qual seja, o lar. O objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em discutir o público e o privado para compreender seu caminhar histórico e os reflexos em tempos atuais.

Scientists need to trust the data, software, infrastructure, and humans in the scientific discovery loop. We can leverage object storage technology and NSDF software stackto enable scientists to achieve trust in their workflow.

El presente proyecto de investigación es un estudio preliminar que evalúa la viabilidad técnica, económica y de mercado para la implementación de una planta de producción de vinagre de camu camu en botellas de 375 mL. Se definió el producto como una excelente fuente de vitamina C, antioxidantes y polifenoles; lo que brinda muchos beneficios a la salud. La demanda potencial proyectada alcanza una cantidad de 141 494 botellas en el quinto año. Se definió que la planta venderá a través de venta directa bajo pedidos online y redes sociales, venta en tiendas naturistas especializadas, y “marketplaces” on-line, todo bajo la razón social Vincam S.A.C. Se compararon las relaciones con el mercado, la tecnología, el punto de equilibrio y la disponibilidad de insumos, resultando el mercado como factor determinante, con una capacidad instalada estimada de 141 494 botellas/año. La planta será una nave industrial alquilada ubicada en el distrito limeño de Lurín, con un área total de 700 m2. Se determinó que se contará con 3 operarios de planta, un operario de almacén, un analista de calidad, un jefe de producción, y 3 empleados administrativos adicionales para cumplir con todas las funciones necesarias en una organización de este tipo. Además, la empresa será una Sociedad Anónima Cerrada y clasificará como Pequeña Empresa por sus ingresos anuales. Por el lado económico y financiero, se obtuvo un VAN financiero de S/.-906 465,11, una TIR financiero de -25,30% considerando un WACC de 13,20%, y un periodo de retorno indeterminado o mayor a 5 años. Por ende, se determina que el proyecto no es rentable y no se recomienda invertir en él. Evaluando escenarios, el valor de venta debería ser 21% mayor para rentabilizar apenas el proyecto, lo que igual representa una alta incertidumbre. This thesis is a preliminary study that determines the technical, economical and market feasibility of the implementation of a plant that produces camu camu vinegar, presented in a 375 mL bottle. The product is an excellent source of vitamin C, antioxidants and a defense booster, which brings several health benefits. The potential forecasted demand reaches 141 494 bottles in the fifth year of operation. The company will distribute via online orders and social networks, sales in specialized health food stores, and through online marketplaces, all under the company name Vincam S.A.C. Plant size was determined through various limiting factors such as market size, available technology, breakeven point and availability of resources. As result, the market size was the determining factor, with an estimated installed capacity of 141 494 bottles per year. The plant will be a rented industrial establishment located in Lurín, with a total area of 700 m2. It was determined that there will be 3 plant operators, a warehouse operator, a quality analyst, a head of production, and 3 additional administrative employees to fulfill all the necessary functions. In addition, the business will be a Closed Stock Company and will be classified as a Small Company based on its annual income. On the economical side, the results were a NPV of S /. -906 465,11, an IRR of -25,30% considering a WACC of 13,20%, and a return period that exceeds the 5-year study span. Therefore, the project is not profitable and it is not recommended to invest in it. Furthermore, some different scenarios were evaluated, determining that at least a 21% price increase would be necessary to make the project profitable, still with a considerable amount of risk.

This resource collects a compilation of urban resilience approaches associated with networked material and energy flows characterized by their spatial perspective. The resource is associated with the article "Cities facing extremes: How is urban resilience addressed from a spatial perspective? A systematic review focuses on networked material and energy flows." The compilation is offered in diverse formats, including PDF, CSV, and XLSX.

RESUMEN En este proyecto se abordó el tema de la reingeniería del sistema de bombeo e implementación de un SCADA para la supervisión y el control automático del sistema contra incendio en la planta industrial Petróleos Paraguayos PETROPAR. El objetivo principal del proyecto fue implementar un nuevo sistema moderno de automatización comandado por un PLC con sistema SCADA, arrancadores suaves para las dos electrobombas. El enfoque metodológico utilizado para la investigación fue el cuali-cuantitativo o mixto, de alcance descriptivo y diseño experimental. Se tomó como población a los funcionarios de PETROPAR del Departamento de Proyectos y Obras, como muestra fueron seleccionados 10 funcionarios del sector. Los métodos utilizados para la recolección de datos del actual sistema contra incendio de PETROPAR fueron mediantes visitas técnicas, entrevistas y encuestas a los funcionarios del Departamento de Proyectos y Obras, cuyos resultados fueron analizados en cuadros y gráficos estadísticos. Para la demostración y elaboración de este proyecto se utilizó el software TIA PORTAL V15, así mismo con este proyecto no solo se buscó beneficiar en el cuidado del personal operativo y los bienes materiales dentro de la empresa, sino también precautelar el bienestar físico y material tanto de las personas próximas como de otras empresas ubicadas en el perímetro de la misma. En el trabajo se concluyó que el proyecto posee factibilidad mediante los cálculos VAN y TIR, y puede ser aplicada por la entidad estatal para mejorar su sistema de prevención contra incendio. ABSTRACT This project addressed the issue of the pumping system reeingineering and implementation of a SCADA for the supervision and automatic control of the fire fighting system in the Petróleos Paraguayos PETROPAR industrial plant. The main objective of the project was to implement a new modern automation system commanded by a PLC with SCADA system, soft starters for the two electric pumps. The methodological approach used for the research was qualitative-quantitative or mixed, with a descriptive scope and experimental design. PETROPAR officials from the Department of Projects and Works were taken as population, as a sample 10 officials from the sector were selected. The methods used to collect data from PETROPAR's current firefighting system were through technical visits, interviews and surveys to the officials of the Department of Projects and Works, the results of which were analyzed in tables and statistical graphs. For the demonstration and elaboration of this project, the TIA PORTAL V15 software was used, likewise with this project it was not only sought to benefit in the care of operating personnel and material goods within the company, but also to protect physical and material well-being both of close people as well as of other companies located in the perimeter of the same. In the work, it was concluded that the project has feasibility through NPV and TIR calculations, and can be applied by the state entity to improve its fire prevention system.

Methane (CH$_{4}$) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH$_{4}$ contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH$_{4}$ flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH$_{4}$ emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH$_{4}$ flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH$_{4}$ Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH$_{4}$ EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH$_{4}$ fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH$_{4}$ representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH$_{4}$ Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH$_{4}$ emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH$_{4}$ fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH$_{4}$ emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20° S to 20° N) the spring onset of elevated CH$_{4}$ emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH$_{4}$ emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH$_{4}$ emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH$_{4}$ emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH$_{4}$ emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH$_{4}$ emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH$_{4}$ modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH$_{4}$ peak). FLUXNET-CH$_{4}$ is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH$_{4}$ cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH$_{4}$ data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper.

Use-case of road map towards reproducibility of scientific workflows through leveraging containers. We present an automatic fine-grained metadata that provides a full description of the dataflow, ensuring traceability of data and explainability of results. We question the trade-off between scalability and reproducibility.

Use-case of road map towards trustworthiness of scientific workflows through leveraging containers and annotating the execution of every data component. We present an automatic fine-grained metadata that provides a full description of the dataflow, ensuring traceability of data and explainability of results. We compare the granularity level of containerization with the information captured in the metadata, concluding that in order to be able to trust in the results, fine-grained containerization is needed.

International audience; Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH4 flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH4 emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH4 flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH4 EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH4 fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH4 representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH4 emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH4 fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH4 emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20∘ S to 20∘ N) the spring onset of elevated CH4 emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH4 emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH4 emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH4 emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH4 emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH4 emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH4 modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH4 peak). FLUXNET-CH4 is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH4 cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH4 data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper.

Soil moisture is key for quantifying soil-atmosphere interactions. We provide a soil moisture pattern recognition framework to increase the spatial resolution and fill gaps of the ESA-CCI (European Space Agency-Climate Change Initiative v4.5) soil moisture dataset, which contains more than 40 years of satellite soil moisture global grids with a spatial resolution of ~27 km. We use terrain parameters coupled with bioclimatic and soil type information to predict the finer-grained satellite soil moisture. We assess the impact of terrain parameters on the prediction accuracy by cross-validating the pattern recognition of soil moisture with and without the support of bioclimatic and soil type information. The outcome is a new dataset of gap-free global mean annual soil moisture and uncertainty for 28 years (1991–2018) across 15 km grids. We use independent in situ records from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN, n = 13376) and in situ precipitation records (n = 4909) only for evaluating the new dataset. Cross-validated correlation between observed and predicted soil moisture values varies from r = 0.69 to r = 0.87 with root mean squared errors (RMSE, m3/m3) around 0.03 and 0.04. Our soil moisture predictions improve: (a) the correlation with the ISMN (when compared with the original ESA-CCI dataset) from r = 0.30 (RMSE = 0.09, ubRMSE = 0.37) to r = 0.66 (RMSE = 0.05, ubRMSE = 0.18); and (b) the correlation with local precipitation records across boreal (from r = https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.9f981ae4e68b4f529cdd7a5c9013e27e).

This deliverable presents the first release of demonstration workflows for the BioExcel-2 period. The initial roadmap for the WP2 presented in D2.1 is revised, and a new, updated roadmap for the rest of the project is presented. The demonstration workflows designed and implemented in the first BioExcel-2 period are presented in the first section. The section is divided in three subsections, according to different workflow categories: Jupyter Notebook tutorials, library versatility tutorials, and pre-exascale demonstration workflows. The Jupyter Notebook tutorials illustrate the power of the BioExcel Building Blocks software library through biomolecular simulation tools interoperability, with examples on how to parameterize a small molecule, setup and run MD simulations, and prepare and run alchemical free energy calculations. The library versatility tutorials present how these workflows can be described and launched using different workflow managers and technologies, such as Common Workflow Language (CWL). Finally, the pre-exascale demonstration workflows are proving the power of the library to build efficient and scalable HPC-focused biomolecular workflows tackling real scientific problems, with examples presented analysing the effect of mutations on the binding affinity of protein-ligand (EGFR) or protein-protein (COVID-19 spike protein) molecules. Availability of the first release of demonstration workflows is presented in the second section. How to find, download, install and execute the collection of workflows, depending on their category, is described. Finally, the initial and updated roadmap section contains a revision of the initial roadmap presented in the D2.1 document in PM6, highlighting the milestones reached and issues found. From that, an updated roadmap for the second half of the project is proposed.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. José Luis Azcue Puma Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Santo André, 2020. Com o aumento significativo da inserção de turbinas eólicas no sistema elétrico, a inércia global do sistema é reduzida resultando em perda da capacidade do mesmo em oferecer suporte de frequência. Isso ocorre pois é comum o emprego de turbinas eólicas de velocidade variável, baseados no gerador de indução duplamente alimentado (DFIG), que se acoplam à rede elétrica por meio de conversores eletrônicos, que não possuem as mesmas características dos geradores síncronos. Assim, neste trabalho é proposto o emprego do Sistema de Armazenamento de energia à Baterias (BESS) associado ao DFIG com o controle de descarga (De-loading) de maneira a fornecer suporte à frequência. Além disso, foi desenvolvida uma estratégia de controle, sendo considerados fatores como limitações da corrente de operação dentro dos limites do BESS. Simulações no domínio do tempo foram propostas para estudar uma microrrede contendo uma turbina eólica baseado no DFIG, mostrando as vantagens do BESS e o sistema de controle de descarga no DFIG, frente a distúrbios de frequência With the significant increase in the insertion of wind turbines in the electrical system, the overall inertia of the system is reduced resulting in a loss of its ability to support frequency. This is because it is common to use variable speed wind turbines, based on the double fed induction generator (DFIG), which generators are coupled to the power grid through electronic converters, and does not have the same characteristics as synchronous generators. Thus, this thesis proposes the use of the DFIG with De-loading control and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to support frequency. A control strategy was developed, and important factors such as charging and discharging current limitations and operation within BESS limits were considered. Time domain simulations have been proposed to study a Microgrid containing a wind turbine (DFIG), showing the advantages of BESS and De-loading control system of the DFIG, over frequency disturbances

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil-to-atmosphere CO(2)flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (R-S), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high-frequencyR(S)measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open-source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long-term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measuredR(S), the database design accommodates other soil-atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber-measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package.

Esse trabalho tem por objetivo conceituar o crime de pornografia de vingança e demonstrar seu histórico social. Além disso, é dado ênfase de como é feito o amparo judicial e psicológico as vítimas desse ato, demonstrando o quanto na maioria das vezes a vítima é culpabilizada. Também busca mostrar a aplicação de leis já existentes como a Lei Maria da Penha e leis que foram criadas para combater crimes cibernéticos como a Lei “Carolina Dieckmann”, além dos diversos projetos leis advindo da pratica do reveng porn sendo em destaque a criação da Lei 13.718/2018 que entrou em vigor em Setembro de 2018 intitulada por Lei de importunação sexual que acrescenta ao Código Penal Brasileiro o crime de pornografia de vingança como aumento de pena a quem o pratica. Por fim, faz uma análise aos crimes de pornografia de vingança cometidos no Brasil e no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul sendo as vítimas do sexo feminino.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná O solo é considerado uma estrutura bastante complexa. Sua relação com os processos de alteração provocados por efluentes industriais pode ser explicada através das modificações sofridas na biologia do solo. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar através do controle estatístico de processos (CEP) o comportamento de bioindicadores (Mesofauna e macrofauna) do solo submetido a irrigação com efluente industrial tratado, proveniente de abatedouro de aves em área reflorestada com Eucalyptus urophylla. O experimento foi instalado em um área de reflorestamento no oeste do Paraná, Brasil. Foram instaladas 16 parcelas, sendo 4 tratamentos: taxas de irrigação de 0, 100 m3, 200 m3 e 300 m3, com 4 reptições cada. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualisado. A partir de métodos específicos de coleta, como o TSBF (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Method) e armadilhas de queda (“pitfall trap”) os bioindicadores foram coletados e classificados em laboratório de acordo com sua ordem e família. Também foram anlisados coliformes a 35 ºC através da técnica de contagem em profundidade (Petrifilm Coliform Count Plate/3M), com base na norma AFNOR 01/2-09/89C. Através da introdução e uso de ferramentas de controle estatístico de qualidade na avaliação de alguns bioindicadores do solo foi possível com este trabalho relacionar estes indicadores com atributos de fertilidade do solo, além de identificar organismos contaminantes do solo presentes no efluente utilizado na irrigação. O CEP mostrou-se uma ferramenta útil no monitoramento de bioindicadores, demonstrando que o ambiente local manteve-se em equilíbrio em diferentes volumes de efluente aplicado. Soil is a rather complex structure. Its relation with the processes of change provoked by industrial effluents can be explained through the modifications undergone in the biology of the soil. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the behavior of bioindicators (Mesofauna and Macrofauna) of the soil submitted to an irrigation with treated industrial effluent from a poultry slaughterer in an area reforested with Eucalyptus urophylla. The experiment was carried out in a reforestation area in western Paraná, Brazil. Sixteen plots were installed, four treatments: irrigation rate of 0, 100 m3, 200 m3 and 300 m3, with 4 replications each. The experimental design was constructed entirely by chance. From data collection methods, such as TSBF (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Method) and fall traps, the bioindicators were classified in the laboratory according to their order and family. Also coliforms were assayed at 35 ° C by depth counting technique (Petrifilm / 3M Coliform Counting Plate), based on AFNOR 01 / 2-09 / 89C. Through the introduction and use of tools of statistical quality control in the evaluation of some soil bioindicators it was possible to perform with this work to relate these indicators with attributes of soil fertility, in addition to identifying soil contaminant organisms present not being used in irrigation. CEP was useful in the monitoring of bioindicators, demonstrating that the local environment remained balanced in different volumes of effluent applied.

The current availability of soil moisture data over large areas comes from satellite remote sensing technologies (i.e., radar-based systems), but these data have coarse resolution and often exhibit large spatial information gaps. Where data are too coarse or sparse for a given need (e.g., precision agriculture), one can leverage machine-learning techniques coupled with other sources of environmental information (e.g., topography) to generate gap-free information and at a finer spatial resolution (i.e., increased granularity). To this end, we develop a spatial inference engine consisting of modular stages for processing spatial environmental data, generating predictions with machine-learning techniques, and analyzing these predictions. We demonstrate the functionality of this approach and the effects of data processing choices via multiple prediction maps over a United States ecological region with a highly diverse soil moisture profile (i.e., the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plains). The relevance of our work derives from a pressing need to improve the spatial representation of soil moisture for applications in environmental sciences (e.g., ecological niche modeling, carbon monitoring systems, and other Earth system models) and precision agriculture (e.g., optimizing irrigation practices and other land management decisions)., 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table

We describe a new coordination activity and initial results for a global synthesis of eddy covariance CH4 flux measurements.

El laboreo del suelo mediante tracción motorizada (TM) puede resultar excepcionalmente más complicado que con tracción animal (TA) en pequeñas áreas rurales o de montaña; si bien no existen muchos trabajos sobre el impacto de TA en el suelo. El objetivo del estudio fue comprobar experimentalmente si mediante la Tomografía de Resistividad Eléctrica (TRE) es posible observar diferencias en el estado físico del suelo laboreado en función de la tracción utilizada. Se aplicaron 3 tratamientos con un caballo y un tractor: Arado; Arado + Cultivador y Cultivador. Los resultados de la TRE permiten detectar diferencias antes y después del laboreo para ambos tipos de tracción con un aumento de la resistividad eléctrica (RE) de un 35% para la TA y de 24% para la TM a la profundidad 0,0-0,1 m, mientras que a la profundidad 0,1-0,2 m la RE se mantuvo prácticamente constante en la TA (-1%), disminuyendo un 24% en la TM. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Quantifying soil organic carbon stocks (SOC) and their dynamics accurately is crucial for better predictions of climate change feedbacks within the atmosphere-vegetation-soil system. However, the components, environmental responses and controls of the soil CO2 efflux (Rs) are still unclear and limited by field data availability. The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify the contribution of the various Rs components, specifically its mycorrhizal component, (2) to determine their temporal variability, and (3) to establish their environmental responses and dependence on gross primary productivity (GPP). In a temperate deciduous oak forest in south east England hourly soil and ecosystem CO2 fluxes over four years were measured using automated soil chambers and eddy covariance techniques. Mesh-bag and steel collar soil chamber treatments prevented root or both root and mycorrhizal hyphal in-growth, respectively, to allow separation of heterotrophic (Rh) and autotrophic (Ra) soil CO2 fluxes and the Ra components, roots (Rr) and mycorrhizal hyphae (Rm). Annual cumulative Rs values were very similar between years (740 ± 43 g C m−2 yr−1) with an average flux of 2.0 ± 0.3 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1, but Rs components varied. On average, annual Rr, Rm and Rh fluxes contributed 38, 18 and 44%, respectively, showing a large Ra contribution (56%) with a considerable Rm component varying seasonally. Soil temperature largely explained the daily variation of Rs (R2 = 0.81), mostly because of strong responses by Rh (R2 = 0.65) and less so for Rr (R2 = 0.41) and Rm (R2 = 0.18). Time series analysis revealed strong daily periodicities for Rs and Rr, whilst Rm was dominated by seasonal (~150 days), and Rh by annual periodicities. Wavelet coherence analysis revealed that Rr and Rm were related to short-term (daily) GPP changes, but for Rm there was a strong relationship with GPP over much longer (weekly to monthly) periods and notably during periods of low Rr. The need to include individual Rs components in C flux models is discussed, in particular, the need to represent the linkage between GPP and Ra components, in addition to temperature responses for each component. The potential consequences of these findings for understanding the limitations for long-term forest C sequestration are highlighted, as GPP via root-derived C including Rm seems to function as a C "overflow tap", with implications on the turnover of SOC.

© 2017 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Soil organic matter (SOM) supports the Earth's ability to sustain terrestrial ecosystems, provide food and fiber, and retains the largest pool of actively cycling carbon. Over 75% of the soil organic carbon (SOC) in the top meter of soil is directly affected by human land use. Large land areas have lost SOC as a result of land use practices, yet there are compensatory opportunities to enhance productivity and SOC storage in degraded lands through improved management practices. Large areas with and without intentional management are also being subjected to rapid changes in climate, making many SOC stocks vulnerable to losses by decomposition or disturbance. In order to quantify potential SOC losses or sequestration at field, regional, and global scales, measurements for detecting changes in SOC are needed. Such measurements and soil-management best practices should be based on well established and emerging scientific understanding of processes of C stabilization and destabilization over various timescales, soil types, and spatial scales. As newly engaged members of the International Soil Carbon Network, we have identified gaps in data, modeling, and communication that underscore the need for an open, shared network to frame and guide the study of SOM and SOC and their management for sustained production and climate regulation.

Se realizó una investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue determinar si el problema de la conflictividad social en el Perú puede ser minimizado o resuelto por medio de políticas públicas confiables a través de un sistema integral de prevención y resolución de los conflictos, a fin de garantizar un clima de paz que facilite el orden y la seguridad necesarios para el desarrollo del país. Para tal efecto, se han tomado como muestras, por un lado, el caso del conflicto socio ambiental Las Bambas en Apurímac y, por otro lado, el caso del conflicto territorial entre Puno y Moquegua. Como resultados generales de la investigación, se ha llegado a determinar que el estado de seguridad, paz y desarrollo del país, se encuentra seriamente amenazado por el incremento de la conflictividad a consecuencia de la limitada atención de parte del Estado en su condición de principal actor y responsable de las adecuadas políticas públicas que respondan a la problemática. Asimismo, la prevención y resolución de conflictos a través de una estructura sistémica, de alcance inter gubernamental, intersectorial, sociedad civil y otros actores públicos y privados, al contar con la aprobación de un alto porcentaje de la población, constituye la estrategia más recomendable para atender de manera oportuna y eficiente las demandas de los ciudadanos. Al final, el resultado de la investigación, basado en un enfoque “Mixto”, por procedimientos cuantitativos (cuestionarios) procesados estadísticamente y procedimientos cualitativos (entrevistas personales) procesados con análisis de textos, señala la necesidad de implementar en el Perú, un Sistema Nacional de Prevención y Gestión de Conflictos Sociales que aborde las causas que generan los conflictos y articule las políticas públicas de los diferentes sectores.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Alessandro Filla Rosaneli Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Da Terra, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia. Defesa : Curitiba, 25/09/2018 Inclui referências: p.124-134 Resumo: A presente pesquisa é uma proposta de aproximação conceitual entre espaço público e território para uma leitura geográfica dos fenómenos contemporâneos de ocupação e transformação urbana. As bases ideológicas da metrópole capitalista em sua fase neoliberal atravessada pelo paradigma de consumo, individualismo e o automóvel, é questionado por diversas alternativas que procuram pensar, construir e viver a cidade desde princípios comunitários, coletivos e meio ambientais ancorados em outras racionalidades. Nesse contexto, o Parque Gomm apresenta-se como o primer parque comunitário de Curitiba, e deve sua conquista ao movimento cidadão Salvemos o Bosque da Casa Gomm. Por meio de uma ocupação e apropriação material, politica e simbólica do lugar, são reproduzidas práticas alternativas como estratégia para preservar uma área verde e bosque nativo, perante um projeto de conectividade urbana de aceso a um shopping. De base qualitativa e de caráter exploratória, a pesquisa centra-se na trajetória do movimento e as práticas de ocupação do espaço público como estratégia para sua defesa e alternativa real de transformação urbana e cidadã. Palabras-chave. Espaço público; Cidadania; Territorio/territorialidad; Parque Gomm. Abstract: This investigation aims to make a conceptual approach between public space and territory, for a geographical perspective of contemporary phenomena of urban occupation and transformation. The capitalist metropolis' ideological bases in its neoliberal phase, crossed by the consumption, individualism and automobile paradigm, is confronted and questioned by alternatives that seek to think, built and live the city from community, collective and environmental principles based on other rationalities. In this context, Parque Gomm, which emerges as the first community park of Curitiba owes its conquest to the citizen movement Salvemos o Bosque da Casa Gomm. Through the material, political and symbolic occupation and appropriation of this park, alternative practices are reproduced as a strategy to preserve a green area of native forest from an urban connectivity project planned to create an entrance for the shopping mall. This investigation of qualitative and exploratory base focuses on the movement's journey and the occupation practices of public space as strategies for its defense and creation from a real alternative of urban and citizen transformation. Keyword. Public space; Citizenship; Territory/ territoriality; Parque Gomm.

O manejo do solo com máquinas em pequenas áreas pode ser mais difícil operacionalmente do que o trabalho com animais, porém, existe a carência de estudos que indiquem diferenças e consequências nas propriedades físicas do solo entre os dois tipos de preparo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência do preparo do soloem algumas de suas propriedades físicas por meio de tração animal e motorizada com arado e escarificador. O ensaio foi instalado na Quinta do Poulão do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal (41°46’49.53’’N 6°47’57.50’’O) em um Fluvisssolo Êutrico de aluvião. O experimento foi conduzido no mês de janeiro de 2018 em umaárea experimental com restolho da cultura de milho (Zea mays) e foi dividida em 6 subparcelas de 60 m2 com os seguintes tratamentos: Tração animal + Arado (T1); Tração animal + Escarificador (T2); Tração animal + Arado + Escarificador (T3); Tração motorizada + Arado (T4); Tração motorizada + Escarificador (T5); Tração motorizada + Arado + Escarificador (T6). Utilizou‐se o delineamento experimental em sistema fatorial duplo (3x2), com quatro repetições, e depois submetidas ao teste de Tukey a 5%. Foi analisada a densidade do solo (DS), resistência do solo à penetração de raízes (RP) e Umidade gravimétrica (UG) antes e depois do preparo do solo, em três profundidades: 1. 0‐0,05 m; 2. 0,05‐0,10 m; 3. 0,10‐0,20 m. Antes do preparo do solo não se registaram diferenças significativas entre tratamentos, mostrando que a área experimental era uniforme quanto às propriedades analisadas. Depois do preparo do solo, o T6 apresentou menor DS1 (1,03 g.cm‐3; p

A técnica geoestatística, moderada pelo semivariograma e krigagem, permite obter um diagnóstico específico dentro de um talhão, que poderão requerer intervenções de manejos específicas. Tais informações são importantes para tomadas de decisão aquando do preparo do solo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade espacial de algumas propriedades físicas do solo antes e depois de seu preparo inicial com diferentes trações e implementos agrícolas. O ensaio foi instalado na Quinta do Poulão da Escola Superior Agrária de Bragança, Portugal (41°46’49.53’’N 6°47’57.50’’O) em um Fluvisssolo Êutrico de aluvião. O experimento foi conduzido no mês de janeiro de 2018 em umaárea experimental com a cultura de milho (Zea mays) e foi dividida em 6 subparcelas de 60 m2: Tração animal + Arado (T1); Tração animal + Escarificador (T2); Tração animal + Arado + Escarificador (T3); Tração motorizada + Arado (T4); Tração motorizada + Escarificador (T5); Tração motorizada + Arado + Escarificador (T6). Foi confeccionada uma malha geoestatística composta por 48 pontos amostrais. Foi analisada a densidade do solo (DS), resistência do solo à penetração de raízes (RP) e Umidade gravimétrica (UG) em três profundidades: 1. 0‐0,05 m; 2. 0,05‐0,10 m; 3. 0,10‐0,20 m. Foi avaliado o grau da dependência espacial (ADE) e, por meio da krigagem, os mapas detalhados da variabilidade espacial dos atributos. A DS3, UG1, UG2 e UG3 apresentaram efeito pepita puro, ou seja, não mostraram dependência espacial entre os pontos amostrais. A DS2 mostrou maior r2 (0,710) e a RP3 maior ADE (85,5%). Os mapas tornam evidente que as subparcelas T2 e T5 estavam mais compactadase o preparo apenas com escarificador não influenciou os atributos estudados. Já a combinação dos implementos com tração motorizada revelou um efeito expressivo ao diminuir a densidade do solo na profundidade de 0‐0,10 m. Conclui‐se que o tratamento com tração motorizada e escarificador teve influência mais evidente nos atributos estudados na profundidade de 0‐0,10 m e que, em futuros manejos precisos, as subparcelas T2 e T5 devem receber maiores preparos, com uso dos dois implementos. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The most of the global organic carbon is stored in the forest soil. The large quantity of CO2 emitted from soil is a consequence of land use change, both through human activities (e.g. agriculture) or natural hazards (e.g. flooding, landslides, erosion). A net carbon loss from soils adds to the increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration, probably leading to higher global temperatures. On the other hand, a net soil CO2 sequestration could help to mitigate the greenhouse effect and to improve soil quality. In this purpose, identifying areas suitable for projects aimed to reduce emissions through SOC sequestration, is of the most importance for both developed and developing countries. This report describes the sources and procedures used to develop a global database for SOC content. The FAO approaches and methodologies provided by using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software, play a crucial role in this process. Global Soil Organic Carbon Database (at 30 arcsec). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317958234_Global_Soil_Organic_Carbon_Database_at_30_arcsec [accessed Sep 5, 2017].

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias utilizadas para melhoria da qualidade de vida de pacientes pós-infarto do miocárdio. Método: revisão integrativa, com vistas a responder à questão << Quais estratégias podem melhorar a qualidade de vida de pacientes pós infarto agudo do miocárdio? >>. Buscou-se artigos disponíveis na íntegra, nas Bases de Dados LILACS e na biblioteca virtual SciELO com os descritores em Saúde: infarto do miocárdio; qualidade de vida; e estilo de vida. Resultados: foram encontrados 1324 artigos na LILACS e SciELO, e selecionados 15 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2011 e 2016. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que atividades de recreação, lazer e socialização com amigos, ações de educação em saúde relacionadas com a promoção e planejamento assistencial podem auxiliar na adesão do paciente ao tratamento, práticas de atividade física, além do acolhimento por parte dos familiares são estratégias positivas e eficazes na promoção da qualidade de vida. Objective: to identify the strategies used to improve the quality of life of patients after myocardial infarction. Method: integrative review to answer the question “What strategies can improve the quality of life of patients with acute myocardial infarction? >> Articles available in full, in the LILACS databases and in the SciELO virtual library were searched with the descriptors in Health: myocardial infarction; quality of life; lifestyle. Results: there were 1324 articles found in LILACS and SciELO and 15 articles were selected published between 2011 and 2016. Conclusion: it was evidenced that activities of recreation, leisure and socialization with friends, actions of health education related to the promotion and planning of care may help in patient adherence to treatment, physical activity practices, as well as family acceptance are positive and effective strategies to promote quality of life. Objetivo: identificar las estrategias utilizadas para la mejoría de la calidad de vida de pacientes post-infarto del miocárdio. Método: revisión integradora para responder a la pregunta << Cuáles son las estrategias que pueden mejorar la calidad de vida de pacientes post-infarto agudo del miocárdio? >> Se buscaron artículos disponibles en su íntegra, en las Bases de Datos LILACS y en la biblioteca virtual SciELO con los descriptores en Salud: infarto del miocárdio; calidad de vida; estilo de vida. Resultados: fueron encontrados 1324 artículos en LILACS y SciELO y seleccionados 15 artículos publicados entre 2011 y 2016. Conclusión: se evidenció que actividades de recreación, oceo y socialización con amigos, acciones de educación en salud relacionadas con la promoción y planeamiento asistencial pueden auxiliar en la adherencia del paciente al tratamiento, prácticas de actividad física, demás de acogimiento por parte de los familiares son estrategias positivas y eficaces en la promoción de la calidad de vida.

En este trabajo se presenta una explicación para el problema de las versiones abstractas de la tarea de selección de las cuatro tarjetas de Peter Wason: los discretos resultados de los participantes cuando se enfrentan a ellas. Nuestra explicación apunta a que los sujetos no comprenden la regla de la tarea como un condicional, sino como un bicondicional, provocando tal circunstancia que no elijan las tarjetas correctas. Santamaría planteó una objeción para todo enfoque que defienda que en la tarea de selección se produce una interpretación bicondicional de la regla, pero nosotros también respondemos aquí a dicha objeción atendiendo a la primacía que en el razonamiento humano puede tener la regla lógica del modus ponens. Igualmente, exponemos un estudio, basado en diálogos de seminario tutoriales al modo socrático, realizado por nosotros con el propósito de comprobar si nuestra explicación puede ser viable y comentamos los resultados obtenidos. In this paper, we present an explanation for the problem of the abstract versions of Peter Wason’s four-card selection task: modest subjects’ results when they are confronted with these tasks. Our explanation poses that individuals do not comprehend the task rule as a conditional sentence, but as a biconditional one, causing that subjects do not choose the correct cards. Santamaría presented an objection for any approach that suggests a biconditional interpretation in the task selection. In this work, we discuss this objection based on the apparent primacy of a logical rule in human reasoning: modus ponens. Additionally, we present a study based on Socratic dialogue seminars with a tutorial style, developed by us, to check whether our explanation is viable or not, and discuss the results achieved.

El trabajo consiste en el estudio de un modelo de valuación de opciones europeas de compra, el cual asume que la dinámica del precio del activo financiero subyacente está caracterizada por un proceso de Lévy simétrico. El modelo busca capturar la evidencia empírica mostrada por los precios de los activos financieros. Este modelo es trabajado en [12], artículo que será seguido de cerca. La particularidad del modelo consiste en incorporar procesos estocásticos de salto con distribuciones marginales simétricas, lo cual reproduce de manera más fiel la realidad. En este trabajo, primero se revisa en detalle los principales resultados obtenidos en [12], más precisamente, se revisa la definición de medida martingala equivalente natural en el contexto del modelo. Se estudia la existencia y unicidad de la medida martingala equivalente natural (MMEN). Luego, se usa esta medida para obtener el precio de la opción y calcular los parámetros de la distribución simétrica bajo esta medida MMEN y así obtener una fórmula generalizada tipo Black-Scholes. Además, se realizan aplicaciones con procesos de Lévy específicos tales como Varianza Gamma Simétrico, Normal Inverso Gaussiano Simétrico. Segundo, para extender las aplicaciones proporcionadas en [12], se propone una aplicación adicional. Así, se elige el proceso de Meixner Simétrico (MS) para describir la dinámica del activo subyacente y obtener el precio de la opción de compra europea en el contexto del modelo MS. Finalmente, se realiza simulaciones numéricas del precio de las opciones europeas bajo los tres modelos estudiados, para luego comparar dichos precios con el precio obtenido en el modelo clásico de Black-Scholes. Tesis

Tesis para optar al Título de Cirujano – Dentista Resumen: Se ha reportado, que la gingivitis inducida por placa en mujeres embarazadas es la enfermedad periodontal más común, la cual presenta una elevada prevalencia y severidad durante el embarazo. Existen bases para apoyar la hipótesis de que la gingivitis es un factor de riesgo potencial para el parto prematuro y bajo peso al nacer, se ha demostrado que comúnmente ocurre una bacteremia transitoria en sujetos con inflamación gingival, y que las bacterias o sus productos pueden llegar a los tejidos de la placenta, proporcionando el efecto inflamatorio que induce el trabajo de parto, pudiendo resultar en un parto prematuro. El presente estudio plantea la importancia del momento de tratamiento de la gingivitis asociada al embarazo como factor beneficioso en reducción de parto prematuro extremo y parto prematuro con bajo peso al nacer. Objetivo: Determinar que el Tratamiento Periodontal en mujeres embarazadas con gingivitis antes de las 22 semanas de gestación disminuye el riesgo de parto prematuro extremo en forma más efectiva que el tratamiento periodontal realizado entre las 22 y 28 semanas de gestación. Materiales y Método: 58 mujeres embarazadas con gingivitis, entre 18 y 35 años, reclutadas del consultorio Dr. Alejandro del Río, que acuden para ser atendidas en el programa GES de atención odontológica integral de la embarazada, la selección fue de manera no probabilístico, por conveniencia. El grupo 1 recibió tratamiento periodontal antes de las 22 semanas de gestación y grupo 2, entre las 22 y 28 semanas. El tratamiento periodontal consistió en motivación, IHO, enjuague de Clorhexidina al 0.12% por 30 segundos, destartraje supragingival, pulido coronario, control, reevaluación y alta periodontal, se les realizó seguimiento hasta las 32 semanas de gestación, evaluando si se registraron partos prematuros. Resultados: De las 58 mujeres embarazadas tratadas, 37 pacientes con menos de 22 semanas de gestación y 21 pacientes con más de 22 semanas de gestación y menos de 28 semanas, no se registraron partos prematuros extremos. Conclusiones: El tratamiento periodontal fue igualmente beneficioso para tratar la gingivitis en mujeres embarazadas, antes o después de las 22 semanas de gestación en la disminución de parto prematuro extremo. PALABRAS CLAVES: Gingivitis, Tratamiento periodontal, Parto prematuro extremo, Parto Prematuro, Bajo peso al nacer. Abstract: Gingivitis is a reversible inflammatory condition that may precede periodontitis. Continuous microbial biofilm accumulation due to poor oral hygiene, result in clinical manifestations of gingivitis. The characteristic inflammation associated with gingivitis is a direct result of the host response to the biofilm microorganisms and their antigenicity. Plaqueinduced gingivitis is the most common periodontal disease in pregnant women. During pregnancy, an increased prevalence and severity of gingivitis has been reported, not always related to the amount of plaque present. It has been shown that commonly a transient bacteremia in patients with gingival inflammation occurs, and that these bacterias or their products may reach the tissues of the placenta, providing the inflammatory effect that induces labor, and this may result in premature birth and babies with low birth weight . The objective of the first stage of this study, was to evaluate whether periodontal treatment in pregnant women with gingivitis before 22 weeks of gestation, reduces the risk of extreme preterm delivery in a more effective way than the periodontal treatment performed between 22 and 28 weeks of gestation. This research corresponds to an experimental analytical, prospective, cross-sectional study. It was performed with a sample of 58 pregnant women with less than 28 weeks gestation, between 18 and 35 years old, with no history of premature birth, medically healthy with clinical diagnosis of generalized gingivitis, they were divided into two groups according to the week of gestation in which they were, establishing as it follows: Group I - 37 patients with less than 22 weeks gestation, and as a Group II - 21 patients over 22 weeks gestation and less than 28 weeks. Both groups received periodontal treatment for gingivitis at the health center, which was motivation, OHI , rinse with Chlorhexidine at 0.12%, supragingival scaling y crown polishing, with the consequent control, and periodontal reevaluation. Monitoring was performed until they reached 32 weeks gestation, evaluating if any preterm birth ocuured. The results showed that no preterm birth was recorded in any of the two study groups , so it was determined that, it is equally beneficial to treat gingivitis in pregnant women before or after 22 weeks

The aim of this work was to design a new compound that successfully inhibits Acetylcholinesterase, based on the pharmacophoric properties of Calyxamines A and B and their link to the active site of Acetylcholinesterase, using the innovative technique “Computational Nanotechnology”.To achieve this, we used a top of the line computational programs that currently support worldwide research in drug design as Sybyl®, Autodock, Gaussian®, VMD, Chimera UCFS® and others.We elucidated the binding site of the Calyxamines A and B on the Acetylcholinesterase and the virtually complex they formed.Thousands of compounds were designed “in silico” and their pharmacophoric activities fully evaluated on the active site of Acetylcholinesterase.Then, through a rigorous chemical analysis of the interactions, was recognized a single lead drug candidate.Finally, we found an organic compound that has a higher binding affinity to the Acetylcholinesterase than Calyxamines A and B, and knows exactly the binding site of these amines on the Acetylcholinesterase, using a method that has been called "intelligent drug design".The impact of this research in the field of public health, is the contribution by our country in the design of potentially new drugs, aided by the new technique of “intelligent design drugs” that provides Computational Nanotechnology.Furthermore, this contribution to science is expected to achieve an advance in the development and progress in the scientific research activities in Guatemala.The use of Computational Nanotechnology in drug design is cheaper compared with current drug design methodology, which implies that Guatemala has the potential to design new drugs drugs to unravel in our region specific health problems.In the development of active drugs against Alzheimer's Disease, this alternative has the advantage of design, constructed on the active site of the enzyme that wants to inhibit, on a directly way (and not by test and error as with the methods developed so far and that represents a cost of millions of dollars to get a leader candidate), potentially new candidates against the disease. This work is a contribution in a possible treatment of Alzheimer Disease, that currently reaches 17,000 people in Guatemala (Guatemalan Association against Alzheimer, 2007), and has an economic impact of global scale in the treatment of one of the most common diseases of the elderly (Alzheimer's Disease International, 2009)., Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar un potencial nuevo fármaco inhibidor de la enzima Acetilcolinesterasa, tomando como base para su diseño, las propiedades farmacofóricas de Calyxaminas A y B y su sitio de enlace a la Acetilcolinesterasa, utilizando la innovadora técnica de Nanotecnología Computacional. Para ello, se utilizaron programas computacionales de última generación, que apoyan actualmente las investigaciones nanotectológicas y bioinformáticas a nivel mundial como SYBYL®, Autodock, Gaussian®, VMD, UCFS Chimera® y otros. Se elucidó el sitio de enlace de Calyxaminas A y B con la Acetilcolinesterasa y en base a este complejo construido virtualmente, se diseñaron miles de derivados que fueron completamente evaluados. Se analizó detalladamente las interacciones entre los farmacóforos de Calixaminas y sus derivados, con los residuos de aminoácidos en el sitio activo de Acetilcolinesterasa para seleccionar un candidato líder. Al final de esta investigación se obtuvo un potencial fármaco como candidato líder con una afinidad de enlace mayor de la que poseen Calyxaminas A y B con la Acetilcolinesterasa. Adicionalmente se determinó con exactitud cuál es el sitio en la enzima en el que se enlazan Calyxaminas A y B y sus derivados. El impacto de esta investigación en la rama de la salud, es el aporte que representa para Guatemala la búsqueda de nuevos fármacos, que potencialmente puedan convertirse en líderes en el mercado, utilizando la técnica del diseño inteligente de medicamentos que ofrece la Nanotecnología Computacional. Como valor agregado, se espera que trabajos de esta naturaleza, impulsen el desarrollo de la investigación científica en Guatemala para afrontar los retos del nuevo milenio. El uso de Nanotecnología Computacional en el diseño de fármacos, es de un costo sumamente bajo en comparación con los costos actuales de las metodologías tradicionales en el diseño de drogas, lo cual implica que Guatemala tiene a su alcance la posibilidad de diseñar fármacos novedosos que sean alternativas de solución a problemas de salud específicos de nuestra región. En cuanto al desarrollo de fármacos contra la Enfermedad de Alzheimer, esta alternativa ofrece la ventaja obtener uno o más candidatos líderes, al diseñar, elucidando “in sílico” el sitio activo de la enzima que se quiere inhibir y su interacción directa con el potencial fármaco, (no a manera de prueba y error como hasta ahora se realiza y que representa millones de dólares para obtener un candidato líder). El producto de esta investigación (candidato líder y probable fármaco contra la Enfermedad de Alzheimer) puede llegar a convertirse en un futuro en un mejor tratamiento para esta enfermedad que actualmente alcanza a 17,000 personas en Guatemala (Asociación Guatemalteca contra el Alzheimer, 2007) y de impacto económico comercial a escala mundial en el tratamiento de una de las enfermedades más comunes de la tercera edad (Alzheimer´s Desease Internacional, 2009).

Submitted by Maria Beatriz Vieira (mbeatriz.vieira@gmail.com) on 2017-03-03T16:04:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) dissertacao_ rodrigo_lamaison_de_vargas.pdf: 732535 bytes, checksum: 8ac3c7c463bfa5cf9fe1b432056e382c (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-03-09T18:08:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_ rodrigo_lamaison_de_vargas.pdf: 732535 bytes, checksum: 8ac3c7c463bfa5cf9fe1b432056e382c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-03-09T18:10:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_ rodrigo_lamaison_de_vargas.pdf: 732535 bytes, checksum: 8ac3c7c463bfa5cf9fe1b432056e382c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-09T18:10:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_ rodrigo_lamaison_de_vargas.pdf: 732535 bytes, checksum: 8ac3c7c463bfa5cf9fe1b432056e382c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-13 Sem bolsa A soja (Glicyne max (L) Merrill) é uma cultura de grande importância para o agronegócio, sendo a oleaginosa de maior importância no mundo. O Brasil se destacada no setor produtivo mundial como o segundo maior produtor, atrás apenas dos Estados Unidos. Com a importância que a cultura assumiu na economia brasileira, procura-se elevar a produção com o aumento do rendimento por área. A semente pode ser considerada o insumo de maior importância no processo produtivo. Para isso um dos fatores responsáveis para esse aumento é a adoção de sementes de alta qualidade fisiológica. O conhecimento de fatores que podem influenciar na qualidade da semente e seu desempenho são de grande importância para uma agricultura de alto desempenho, como para a seleção dos materiais a serem utilizados tanto para o cultivo quanto para o melhoramento. Um dos caracteres de relevância que se pode analisar na semente é a concentração de nutrientes minerais. Alguns nutrientes podem proporcionar maior porcentual de germinação, comprimento de plântula e potencial de armazenamento. O trabalho teve o objetivo determinar as concentrações dos principais nutrientes encontrados nos tecidos vegetais de sementes de soja. Os nutriente determinados foram divididos em macronutrientes, nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P), potássio (K), magnésio (Mg), cálcio (Ca), enxofre (S) e os micronutrientes, boro (B), cobre (Cu), ferro (Fe), manganês (Mn), molibdênio (Mo), zinco (Zn). Foram determinados ainda as concentrações de alumínio (Al) e o elemento sódio (Na). Para determinar a concentração dos nutrientes foram coletados amostragens representativas de 2543 lotes de sementes de soja produzidos nos anos de 2009, 2010, 2011 e 2012. Foi possível concluir que as concentrações médias dos macronutrientes e micronutrientes encontrados nas análises químicas dos tecidos vegetais de sementes de soja apresentam valores que diferem para cada nutriente avaliado. Os macronutrientes que apresentam maiores concentrações nos tecidos vegetais de sementes de soja avaliados em ordem decrescente são o Nitrogênio, Potássio, Fósforo, Cálcio, Enxofre e Magnésio. Os micronutrientes que apresentam maiores concentrações nos tecidos vegetais de sementes de soja avaliados em ordem decrescente são o Ferro, Manganês, Zinco, Boro e Cobre. Nas concentrações dos macronutrientes Nitrogênio, Fósforo, Potássio, ocorreu média variabilidade, à exceção do Cálcio e o elemento sódio com alta variabilidade. As concentrações dos micronutrientes tiveram alta variabilidade. The soybean (Glicyne max (L.) Merrill) is a culture of great importance to agribusiness, and the most important oilseed crop in the world. Brazil has highlighted the productive sector as the world's second largest producer, after the United States. With the importance that culture assumed in the Brazilian economy, seeks to increase production with the increase of yield per area. The seed can be considered the most important input in the production process. For that one of the factors responsible for this increase is the adoption of high-quality seed physiological. Knowledge of factors that can influence the quality of the seed and its performance are of great importance for agriculture, high performance, and for the selection of materials to be used for cultivation both as to the improvement. One of the characters of relevance can analyze the seed is the concentration of mineral nutrients. Some nutrients can provide a higher percentage of germination, seedling length and storage potential.The study aimed to determine the concentrations of the main nutrients found in plant tissues of soybean seeds.Certain nutrients have been divided into macronutrient, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S) and micronutrients, boron (B), copper (Cu) , iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn). Although the concentrations of aluminum (Al) and sodium element (Na) were determined. To determine the concentration of nutrients representative samples of 2543 batches of soybean seeds produced in the years 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. Were collected was concluded that the average concentrations of macronutrients and micronutrients found in chemical analyzes of tissues of seeds soybeans have values that differ for each rated nutrient. The macronutrients present higher concentrations in plant tissues of soybean evaluated in descending order are Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus, Calcium, Magnesium and Sulfur.The micronutrients that have higher concentrations in plant tissues of soybean evaluated in descending order are Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Boron and Copper. In concentrations of macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, average variability occurred, except for calcium and sodium element with high variability. The concentrations of micronutrients had high variability.

National audience; La presente Estrategia Regional de Desarrollo (ERD) es el documento base que busca aportar directamente a la planificación y desarrollo de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. Esta contiene un diagnóstico general y amplio de diversos temas que son de relevancia en la RMS, donde se destacan las barreras y potencialidades para el desarrollo humano regional. Finalmente, la ERD propone una serie de Lineamientos Estratégicos Regionales (LER), con sus respectivos objetivos e indicadores, para así avanzar hacia un desarrollo humano integrado.

National audience; La presente política pública regional pretende contribuir a la planificación y desarrollo de las áreas verdes en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. La política se justifica ya que en la actualidad no existe un plan maestro y el diagnóstico muestra que existe una distribución espacial desigual, la que depende esencialmente de los ingresos monetarios que perciben las comunas, tanto de la inversión pública como privada. De esta manera, la política analiza la situación actual de la región, examina la diversidad de conceptos y acepciones en torno a la noción de área verde, y finalmente propone una serie de objetivos e indicadores que apuntan a la superación de los problemas detectados anteriormente.

Tesis (Tecnólogo Médico, mención bioanálisis clínico, inmunohematología y banco de sangre) Las Células Madre Mesenquimales (MSC) son células multipotentes que tienen la capacidad de diferenciarse a osteocitos, condrocitos y adipocitos. El éxito alcanzado en medicina regenerativa se debe a que las MSC poseen también una fuerte capacidad inmunosupresora, condición esencial en el proceso regenerativo. Estudios recientes demuestran un claro efecto de estimulación de las capacidades inmunosupresoras de MSC por Interferón-γ (IFN-γ), ya sea sólo o en combinación con otras citoquinas pro-inflamatorias, como Interleuquina-1β (IL-1β). Recientemente, se ha demostrado la interacción funcional del sistema nervioso central y el sistema inmune. Las células del sistema inmune responden, y producen ellas mismas, neurotransmisores como dopamina, acetilcolina y ácido γ-aminobutírico (GABA). Se ha descrito que GABA actúa como un potente agente inmunosupresor y numerosos estudios demuestran su efectividad en la prevención de enfermedades autoinmunes en estudios pre-clínicos. Sin embargo, se desconoce si la biosíntesis de GABA está relacionada con la capacidad inmunosupresora de MSC. Mediante técnicas moleculares de RT-qPCR y Western Blot, se determinaron los niveles de mRNA y proteína de las enzimas biosintéticas de GABA, ácido glutámico descarboxilasa (GAD)-67 y GAD-65 en MSC expuestas a IFN-γ e IL-1β. Aquí, nosotros demostramos: (1) aumento de los niveles de mRNA y proteína de GAD-67 en MSC expuestas a las citoquinas IFN-γ e IL-1β; (2) aumento de mRNA de GAD-67 con IL-1β; (3) aumento de las propiedades inmunosupresoras de MSC pre-tratadas con IL-1β por sí sola o en conjunto con IFN-γ, en ensayos de inmunosupresión de células T CD4+. Nuestros resultados indican que existe un aumento selectivo de los niveles de GAD-67 en condiciones pro-inflamatorias, que concuerda con la mayor capacidad inmunosupresora de MSC. Estos resultados sugieren que GABA podría constituir parte de la maquinaria inmunosupresora de MSC. Experimentos de pérdida de función de GAD-67 (knockdown) permitirán definir el papel de GABA en la inmunosupresión mediada por MSC.