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Objetivo. Determinar los factores que se encuentran asociados a la hiperémesis y reacción de estrés agudo en gestantes hospitalizadas con hiperémesis gravídica en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, durante el 2021. Materiales y Métodos. Esta investigación corresponde a un estudio analítico, observacional, de tipo casos y controles, donde se recopilaron las historias clínicas de pacientes gestante hospitalizadas por hiperémesis gravídica atendidas por el servicio de psicología las cuales presentaron reacción de estrés agudo cumpliendo los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se realizó un análisis de frecuencias y porcentajes de las diferentes variables y un análisis multivariado para encontrar los factores significativos (p

En los últimos años se ha incrementado el consumo de anticoagulantes orales debido a la alta incidencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares y al desarrollo de nuevos medicamentos. Estos fármacos están relacionados con un elevado índice de problemas de salud relacionados con PRM/RNM. Se realizó un estudio observacional y transversal en una farmacia comunitaria urbana de Valladolid para evaluar la seguridad de los ACOD en comparación con los AVK en función de la identificación de PRM/RNM en pacientes ambulatorios. El número de PRM/RNM por paciente en la muestra fue de 10,15, que implicaba 5,45 intervenciones potenciales. Los pacientes tratados con ACOD presentaron 2,3 PRM/RNM más que los tratados con AVK, lo que deriva en 1,3 intervenciones potenciales más. Sin embargo, cuando tenemos en cuenta sólo los PRM/RNM derivados de la terapia anticoagulante, los AVK producen 3,0 PRM/RNM frente a 1,4 PRM/RNM derivados del consumo de ACOD. Además, los pacientes tratados con AVK tienen 1,20 PRM/RNM moderados o graves más que los pacientes tratados con ACOD. Estos datos demuestran que este tipo de pacientes debe ser un objetivo proactivo en los programas de atención farmacéutica.

Secondary alicyclic amines are converted to α-aminonitriles via addition of TMSCN to their corresponding imines, intermediates that are produced in situ via the oxidation of amine-derived lithium amides with simple ketone oxidants. Amines with an existing α-substituent undergo regioselective α'-cyanation even if the C-H bonds at that site are less activated. Amine α-arylation can be combined with α'-cyanation to generate difunctionalized products in a single operation.

El presente trabajo de investigación enmarca la importancia de conocer y prevenir los diversos riesgos de trabajo que pueden presentarse en una oficina y pueden derivarse en afectaciones a corto, mediano o largo plazo en los colaboradores. La investigación se realizó en el Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado de Cd. Delicias Chihuahua, específicamente enfocado en el personal administrativo, se analizaron factores de riesgo físicos, (iluminación, ventilación, ergonomía del mobiliario y equipo) y mentales-emocionales (estrés, jornada laboral, clima organizacional). Para la evaluación utilizamos como instrumento de medición, un cuestionario de 18 items y 5 preguntas abiertas para poder conocer y sintetizar la información brindada por el personal administrativo. Al finalizar la investigación se pudo evidenciar que el índice de riesgos dentro de las instalaciones es bajo dado que las instalaciones son recientes y de primer nivel, el mobiliario y equipo es nuevo y ergonómico y la única y principal afectación a largo plazo se manifiesta en complicaciones visuales por el uso de dispositivos electrónicos.

Objetivo. Determinar la influencia de un programa breve de reducción del estrés en trabajadores de salud del Instituto Nacional Materno perinatal durante la pandemia COVID-19. Materiales y Métodos. Esta investigación corresponde a un estudio cuasi experimental, que consiste en la elaboración y aplicación de un programa breve de reducción del estrés en trabajadores del área de Puericultura del INMP. La población estuvo conformada por 45 trabajadores, 30 de ellas cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión para el estudio piloto, de las cuales se distribuyó, por conveniencia, una muestra de 15 participantes para el grupo experimental y 15 para el grupo control. Se aplicó la Escala de Depresión, ansiedad y estrés (Dass21) al inicio de la investigación y luego de concluir con el programa. Se realizó el análisis de frecuencias y porcentajes de la variable, análisis de ajuste de bondad a la curva normal, y pruebas T Student para muestras relacionadas (p

Tras la aparición del COVID-19 la educación tuvo un cambio, al igual que el desarrollo de las Competencias Socioemocionales (CSE) en los estudiantes. El objetivo fue determinar si la aplicación del Programa Trabajando Juntos fortalece las CSE en estudiantes. El enfoque fue cuantitativo, cuasi experimental, se tuvo dos grupos de estudio, comprendidos como: control y experimental, se usó la técnica de la encuesta, tomándose instrumentos al inicio y al final del programa. Además, los participantes fueron estudiantes del segundo grado de secundaria, siendo estos 64 repartidos en los dos grupos, el tratamiento de los datos fue realizado a través de Excel y el SPPS versión actual para el 2023. Los resultados encontrados, determinaron que, el programa propuesto desarrolla CSE de manera alta, significativa y positiva; por tanto, se concluye que los programas educativos viabilizan el desarrollo de las CSE y promueven aprendizaje significativo en las aulas de la educación básic

Despite being one of the most destructive invasive species of ants, only two natural enemies are known currently for Wasmannia auropunctata, commonly known as the electric ant or little fire ant. Because viruses can be effective biological control agents against many insect pests, including ants, a metagenomics/next-generation sequencing approach was used to facilitate discovery of virus sequences from the transcriptomes of W. auropunctata. Five new and complete positive sense, single-stranded RNA virus genomes, and one new negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus genome were identified, sequenced, and characterized from W. auropunctata collected in Argentina by this approach, including a dicistrovirus (Electric ant dicistrovirus), two polycipiviruses (Electric ant polycipivirus 1; Electric ant polycipivirus 2), a solinvivirus (Electric ant solinvivirus), a divergent genome with similarity to an unclassified group in the Picornavirales (Electric ant virus 1), and a rhabdovirus (Electric ant rhabdovirus). An additional virus genome was detected that is likely Solenopsis invicta virus 10 (MH727527). The virus genome sequences were absent from the transcriptomes of W. auropunctata collected in the USA (Hawaii and Florida). Additional limited field surveys corroborated the absence of these viruses in regions where the electric ant is invasive (the USA and Australia). The replicative genome strand of four of the viruses (Electric ant polycipivirus 2, Electric ant solinvivirus, Electric ant virus 1, and Solenopsis invicta virus 10 (in the electric ant) was detected in Argentinean-collected W. auropunctata indicating that the ant is a host for these viruses. These are the first virus discoveries to be made from W. auropunctata.

This project allows knowing the degree of degradation of disposable diapers using two different biodegradable agents: Isoptera Termites and Activated Sludge. For this degradation process, used diapers were used that contained liquid waste and in their original complete form, for the degradation control the following physicochemical parameters were evaluated: pH, TDS, CE, Temperature, % of degradation, mass and volume reduction. Being part of a very useful product on the market, diapers become part of the large amount of urban solid waste that is generated by excessive use over the years, becoming one of the most notoriously present wastes along with plastic waste. The search for an alternative to accelerate degradation made it possible to compare the best result to contribute to the improvement of the environment

El presente ensayo indaga sobre los conceptos y perspectivas de la educación integral en dos contextos: educación presencial y en entornos virtuales en tiempos de pandemia, desde la experiencia de prácticas preprofesionales docente en un colegio nacional de Educación Secundaria del departamento de Lambayeque y en investigaciones de carácter científico. Para abordar la importancia de concebir la educación integral en la virtualidad de manera adecuada, comprender los recursos tecnológicos, la experiencia como clave de integración y el rol del docente como agente principal para llevar a cabo el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Palabras claves: Educación integral, experiencia de aprendizaje, tecnología, enseñanza-aprendizaje, práctica preprofesional docente

En la actualidad, dar cuenta de la vida cotidiana desde la academia exige nuevos retos y formas diferentes de aproximarnos a las realidades de cada uno de los sujetos con los que entramos en contacto. Esto lo podemos hacer desde diferentes lugares, uno de los cuales tiene que ver con la construcción de los significados. Esta exploración puede permitir comprender la relación que se entabla con los demás y consigo mismo, a partir de una serie de operaciones semióticas que posibilitan la flexibilidad de los propios significados y sus modificaciones cuando entran en contacto con los significados de los otros. Este libro plantea en cada uno de sus capítulos una revisión de los significados a partir de las redes semánticas, una técnica par¬ticular que permite, dada su flexibilidad en cuanto a su aplicación y a su rigor metodológico, ser implementada, pensada y reflexionada desde condiciones particulares que obedecen a los diferentes contextos y objetos-sujetos de estudio que se enuncian en este trabajo.

Señor Editor, leyendo con detenimiento un interesante artículo de la revista Orinoquia, intitulado “Parámetros productivos y digestibilidad de pollos, utilizando cayeno (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) y probiótico (Lactobacilius acidophilus) más pectina” (Mariño y Roa, 2021), sobre el mismo quisiera hacer algunos comentarios. Anders Celsius (Uppsala, Suecia, 1701- Uppsala, 1744) en 1742, apenas dos años antes de morir, diseña una escala para la temperatura donde el punto de ebullición sería los 0 grados y el punto de congelación los 100 grados (inverso a lo que se usa en la actualidad), a esta escala la denominaron “grados centígrados”, «centi» porque tenía cien (100) divisiones entre ambos puntos y «grado» por ser un gradiente (CIPM, 2006; Henson, 2015; RAE, 2021).En 1744, luego de la muerte de Celsius, su coterráneo, Carl von Linné, mejor conocido como Carlos Linneo (Råshult, Suecia, 23/05/1707- Hammarby, Suecia, 10/01/1778) quien es célebre principalmente por inventar la nomenclatura binomial (género y especie) y por señalar por vez primera los símbolos de macho () y hembra (), Linneo al ver lo impráctico de la escala de Celsius, propone invertirla, donde el agua herviría a 100 y su punto de congelación sería 0, manteniendo las 100 divisiones entre ambos lugares descritos, lo cual fue aceptado rápidamente por los científicos de la época (CIPM, 2006; Henson, 2015; RAE, 2021). El nombre de esta escala fue admitido durante 204 años hasta que en 1948, el Comité Consultivo de Termometría, de la Conferencia General de Pesas y Medidas (CGPM) sustituye «grados centígrados» por «grados Celsius» debido a la confusión que ocurría entre la unidad de magnitud de temperatura y la unidad utilizada en la magnitud del ángulo geométrico, también llamada «grado centígrado» (medida angular igual a 1/100 de un ángulo recto) ya que no se le debía colocar el mismo nombre a dos magnitudes distintas (CIPM, 2006; Henson, 2015). Para ser más exactos, la adopción del término «grado Celsius» fue en 1948 por el Procès-Verbaux del Comité Internacional de Pesas y Medidas, y la novena Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures (Conferencia General de Pesas y Medidas) en el Comptes Rendus [CIPM, 1948 (PV, 21, 88) y 9ª CGPM, 1948 (CR, 64)] (CIPM, 2006; Henson, 2015). En estas reuniones se eligió el “«grado Celsius» (°C) entre los tres términos propuestos (grado centígrado, grado centesimal y grado Celsius) para designar la temperatura. De tal manera que ya son 74 años de la adopción de esta medida por los 53 Estados miembros y los 41 Estados asociados, entre ellos Colombia. En segundo lugar, en Latinoamérica debe utilizarse la coma «,» en vez del punto «.» para separar los números enteros, de las fracciones, ya que, aunque tanto la Real Academia Española de la Lengua como la Oficina Internacional de Pesas y Medidas, decidieron admitir ambos signos para separar enteros de decimales (unificación), existen otras normativas que señalan a la coma (,) como único signo de separación de decimales y enteros en todos los idiomas (CIPM, 2006; Henson, 2015; RAE, 2021). En Inglaterra y en sus excolonias como Estados Unidos, Australia e India, utilizan el punto como separador de los decimales, mientras que el uso de la coma se utiliza en el resto de los países (la mayoría), lo cual se puede apreciar en el ordenador de cada usuario, donde de acuerdo a la configuración regional, la calculadora utilizara la coma o el punto como separador de los decimales, conforme al país seleccionado (CIPM, 2006; Henson, 2015; RAE, 2021).

Background: LASSI-L is a novel neuropsychological test specifically designed for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) based on semantic interference. Objective: To examine the cognitive and neural underpinnings of the failure to recover from proactive semantic and retroactive semantic interference. Methods: One hundred and fifty-five patients consulting for memory loss were included. Patients underwent neuropsychological assessment, including the LASSI-L, and FDG-PET imaging. They were categorized as subjective memory complaints (SMC) (n=32), pre-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD (Pre-MCI) (n=39), MCI due to AD (MCI-AD) (n=71), and MCI without evidence of neurodegeneration (MCI-NN) (n=13). Voxel-based brain mapping and metabolic network connectivity analyses were conducted. Results: A significant group effect was found for all the LASSI-L scores. LASSI-L scores measuring failure to recover from proactive semantic interference and retroactive semantic interference were predicted by other neuropsychological tests with a precision of 64.1 and 44.8%. The LASSI-L scores were associated with brain metabolism in the bilateral precuneus, superior, middle and inferior temporal gyri, fusiform, angular, superior and inferior parietal lobule, superior, middle and inferior occipital gyri, lingual gyrus, and posterior cingulate. Connectivity analysis revealed a decrease of node degree and centrality in posterior cingulate in patients showing frPSI. Conclusion: Episodic memory dysfunction and the involvement of the medial temporal lobe, precuneus and posterior cingulate constitute the basis of the failure to recover from proactive semantic interference and retroactive semantic interference. These findings support the role of the LASSI-L in the detection, monitoring and outcome prediction during the early stages of AD.

The World Oral Maxillofacial Trauma (WORMAT) project was performed to analyze the causes and characteristics of maxillofacial fractures managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery divisions over a 1-year period.The following data were collected: age, sex, cause and mechanism of maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score (FISS), associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software.Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 2,387 patients (1,825 males and 562 females [ratio 3.2:1], 47.6% aged 20-39 years [mean age 37.2 years, median 33.0 years]) were hospitalised. The main cause of maxillofacial fracture was road traffic accidents (RTA), which were statistically associated with male adults as like as assault, sport, and work (p0,05). Half of the fractures involved the middle third of the face, statistically associated with fall and assault (p0.05). Trauma in multiple locations was significantly associated with longer hospital stay (p0.05). The mean length of hospitalization was 3.9 days (95% Confidence Interval 3.7-4.2).This prospective, multicenter epidemiological study confirmed that young adult males were the ones most commonly affected by maxillofacial fracture. RTAs and assaults are statistically associated with the adult population, while falls are associated with females and older population.

Background and ObjectivesKCNH5encodes the voltage-gated potassium channel EAG2/Kv10.2. We aimed to delineate the neurodevelopmental and epilepsy phenotypic spectrum associated with de novoKCNH5variants.MethodsWe screened 893 individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies forKCNH5variants using targeted or exome sequencing. Additional individuals withKCNH5variants were identified through an international collaboration. Clinical history, EEG, and imaging data were analyzed; seizure types and epilepsy syndromes were classified. We included 3 previously published individuals including additional phenotypic details.ResultsWe report a cohort of 17 patients, including 9 with a recurrent de novo missense variant p.Arg327His, 4 with a recurrent missense variant p.Arg333His, and 4 additional novel missense variants. All variants were located in or near the functionally critical voltage-sensing or pore domains, absent in the general population, and classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria. All individuals presented with epilepsy with a median seizure onset at 6 months. They had a wide range of seizure types, including focal and generalized seizures. Cognitive outcomes ranged from normal intellect to profound impairment. Individuals with the recurrent p.Arg333His variant had a self-limited drug-responsive focal or generalized epilepsy and normal intellect, whereas the recurrent p.Arg327His variant was associated with infantile-onset DEE. Two individuals with variants in the pore domain were more severely affected, with a neonatal-onset movement disorder, early-infantile DEE, profound disability, and childhood death.DiscussionWe describe a cohort of 17 individuals with pathogenic or likely pathogenic missense variants in the voltage-sensing and pore domains of Kv10.2, including 14 previously unreported individuals. We present evidence for a putative emerging genotype-phenotype correlation with a spectrum of epilepsy and cognitive outcomes. Overall, we expand the role of EAG proteins in human disease and establishKCNH5as implicated in a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders and epilepsy.

La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es un problema de salud pública mundial generalmente asociado a la obesidad y el sobrepeso. La dieta estricta es parte fundamental del tratamiento, pero es común que los pacientes reporten que les cuesta mucho suscribirse a esta. La literatura reporta una variedad de técnicas que aumentan la adherencia, pero no parece haber un factor común a ellas. En el presente estudio se evaluó si había diferencias entre dos modalidades de un programa psicoeducativo que difieren en su nivel de personalización; es decir, si se diseña en función de necesidades específicas y se avanza solo si se registra un aprendizaje efectivo. Se asignaron al azar once personas a la condición personalizada y diez a la no personalizada, de las cuales culminaron el programa siete y cinco, respectivamente, en un diseño pretest-postest. Se midió el índice de adherencia y se llevaron a cabo otros registros corporales relacionados con el peso. Los resultados sugieren que la diferencia en el post-test entre ambas modalidades no fue estadísticamente significativa en ningún indicador, pero sí lo fue solamente entre el pretest y el postest de la intervención personalizada, con tamaños del efecto grandes en la mayoría de los indicadores. Los hallazgos se discuten en términos de los factores del programa que hicieron la diferencia, la bondad de las medidas y los diseños utilizados, así como de las recomendaciones sobre el nivel de entrada de la adherencia.

Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) for patients with faecal incontinence (FI) refractory to conservative treatment. Secondary aims were to identify predictors of response and validate new treatment pathways for partial responders. Methods A prospective, interventional study was carried out in a specialist defecatory disorder unit from a university hospital between January 2010 and June 2017 on patients > 18 years old with FI refractory to conservative treatment. Thirty-minute PTNS sessions were performed in three phases (weekly, biweekly and monthly) up to a year, with clinical reassessment at 3, 6, 12 and 36 months. Patients were classified as optimal responders when their pretreatment Wexner score decreased > 50%; partial responders when it decreased 25–50%; and insufficient responders if it decreased Results Between 2010 and 2017, 139 patients (110 women, median age 63 years [range 22–82 years]) were recruited. After the first phase, 4 patients were optimal responders, 93 were partial responders and 36 were insufficient responders. At 6 and 12 months, 66 and 89 patients respectively were optimal responders, with an optimal response rate of 64% at the end of treatment. A total of 93.3% patients with a partial response initially finally became optimal responders. Furthermore, at 36 months, 71.9% of patients were still optimal responders without supplementary treatment, although their quality of life did not improve significantly. Baseline Wexner scores ≤ 10 and symptom duration Conclusions Patients undergoing PTNS for 1 year following this protocol had optimal long-term responses. PTNS sessions for up to 1 year in patients who were partial responders prevents a high percentage of them from needing more invasive treatments, and maintains long-term continence in patients who were optimal responders.

La neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica pertenece al grupo de infecciones asociadas atención de la salud, debido a que puede cursar con neumonía nosocomial por uso del ventilador mecánico, instrumento de uso exclusivo en unidades de terapia intensiva. Generalmente, usan los pacientes que presentan déficit respiratorio con deterioro general, cuyo objetivo es mejorar el intercambio gaseoso. Consecuentemente, en ciertas ocasiones puede dañar el pulmonar por estrés y la misma tensión generados en el órgano. Este cuadro patológico se puede desarrollar durante las 48 a 72 horas de permanecer con tubo endotraqueal. Por esa razón es de suma importancia estar actualizados en conocimiento para el manejo oportuno y adecuado de este cuadro, este artículo trató de una revisión bibliográfica documental sobre neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica, en diferentes bases de datos como: Scopus, Scielo,Google Scholar, se consultó alrededor 15 referencias sobre esta temática, encontrándose como conclusión que esta patología prolonga la estancia hospitalaria, genera grandes gastos para el sistema de salud, por eso es necesario instaurar adecuadamente la vigilancia hospitalaria en cada una de las unidades de salud

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is highly effective against recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection and is considered a promising treatment for other microbiome-related disorders, but a comprehensive understanding of microbial engraftment dynamics is lacking, which prevents informed applications of this therapeutic approach. Here, we performed an integrated shotgun metagenomic systematic meta-analysis of new and publicly available stool microbiomes collected from 226 triads of donors, pre-FMT recipients and post-FMT recipients across eight different disease types. By leveraging improved metagenomic strain-profiling to infer strain sharing, we found that recipients with higher donor strain engraftment were more likely to experience clinical success after FMT (P = 0.017) when evaluated across studies. Considering all cohorts, increased engraftment was noted in individuals receiving FMT from multiple routes (for example, both via capsules and colonoscopy during the same treatment) as well as in antibiotic-treated recipients with infectious diseases compared with antibiotic-naïve patients with noncommunicable diseases. Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria species (including Bifidobacteria) displayed higher engraftment than Firmicutes except for six under-characterized Firmicutes species. Cross-dataset machine learning predicted the presence or absence of species in the post-FMT recipient at 0.77 average AUROC in leave-one-dataset-out evaluation, and highlighted the relevance of microbial abundance, prevalence and taxonomy to infer post-FMT species presence. By exploring the dynamics of microbiome engraftment after FMT and their association with clinical variables, our study uncovered species-specific engraftment patterns and presented machine learning models able to predict donors that might optimize post-FMT specific microbiome characteristics for disease-targeted FMT protocols.

Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is a complication associated with a negative prognosis in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Although the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is the widely recommended screening test for CFRD diagnosis, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasingly considered a useful and easy-to-perform test for diagnosis and follow-up in clinical practice. Regarding CFRD treatment, although insulin is the classic approved pharmacological option, incretins could also be a helpful alternative in early stages. CGM could be also a useful tool to measure the early response to this therapy. METHODS: We studied 25 CF patients with abnormal OGTT results and compared glucose and insulin levels during the OGTTs with CGM results as a tool for early CFRD diagnosis. In addition, we evaluated glycaemic control with CGM before and after treatment with sitagliptin. RESULTS: A correlation was found between lower plasma insulin levels during the OGTTs and higher average sensor glucose (p = 0.009) and hyperglycaemic excursions (p = 0.017). The CGM data on sitagliptin treatment (n = 25) showed an average glycaemic improvement from 124.2 to 117.2 mg/dL (p = 0.002) with a 5.6-point standard deviation of glucose decrease (p < 0.001). Hyperglycaemic excursions ≥200 mg/dL diminished 57.1% (p = 0.021). Both time in range and time above 180 mg/dL improved during treatment (p = 0.036 and p = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSION: CGM is a useful tool that offers valuable information for both the diagnosis and the management of CFRD. Lower plasma insulin levels during OGTTs are associated with a poor ambulatory glucose profile in CGM. Sitagliptin could play an important role in the treatment of the early stages of CFRD.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic shifted socialization and information seeking to social media platforms. The armed forces of the major military powers initiated civil support operations to combat the invisible and common enemy. The aim of this study is to analyze the existence of differential behavior in the corporate profiles of the major military powers on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook during the COVID-19 pandemic. The principles of social network analysis were followed, along with sentiment analysis, to study web positioning and the emotional content of the posts (N = 25,328). The principles of data mining were applied to process the KPIs (Fanpage Karma), and an artificial intelligence (meaning cloud) sentiment analysis was applied to study the emotionality of the publications. The analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 statistical software. Subsequently, a qualitative content analysis was carried out using frequency graphs or word clouds (the application “nubedepalabras” used in English). Significant differences were found between the behavior on social media and the organizational and communicative culture of the nations. It is highlighted that some nations present different preferences from the main communicative strategy developed by their armed forces. Corporate communication of the major military powers should consider the emotional nature of their posts to align with the preferences of their population.

Candidate phyla radiation (CPR) is an emerging division of the bacterial domain within the human microbiota. Still poorly known, these microorganisms were first described in the environment in 1981 as “ultramicrobacteria” with a cell volume under 0.1 μm(3) and were first associated with the human oral microbiota in 2007. The evolution of technology has been paramount for the study of CPR within the human microbiota. In fact, since these ultramicrobacteria have yet to be axenically cultured despite ongoing efforts, progress in imaging technology has allowed their observation and morphological description. Although their genomic abilities and taxonomy are still being studied, great strides have been made regarding their taxonomic classification, as well as their lifestyle. In addition, advancements in next-generation sequencing and the continued development of bioinformatics tools have allowed their detection as commensals in different human habitats, including the oral cavity and gastrointestinal and genital tracts, thus highlighting CPR as a nonnegligible part of the human microbiota with an impact on physiological settings. Conversely, several pathologies present dysbiosis affecting CPR levels, including inflammatory, mucosal, and infectious diseases. In this exhaustive review of the literature, we provide a historical perspective on the study of CPR, an overview of the methods available to study these organisms and a description of their taxonomy and lifestyle. In addition, their distribution in the human microbiome is presented in both homeostatic and dysbiotic settings. Future efforts should focus on developing cocultures and, if possible, axenic cultures to obtain isolates and therefore genomes that would provide a better understanding of these ultramicrobacteria, the importance of which in the human microbiome is undeniable.

The controlled use of fires to reduce combustible materials in prescribed burning helps to prevent the occurrence of forest fires. In recent decades, these fires have mainly been caused by anthropogenic activities. The study area is located in the Pantanal biome. In 2020, the greatest drought in 60 years happened in the Pantanal. The fire affected almost one third of the biome. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of prescribed burnings carried out in 2021 on three macrohabitats (M1: natural grassland flooded with a proliferation of Combretum spp., M2: natural grassland of seasonal swamps, and M3: natural grassland flooded with a proliferation of Vochysia divergens) inside the SESC Pantanal Private Natural Heritage Reserve. Multispectral and thermal data analyses were conducted with remotely piloted aircraft systems in 1 ha plots in three periods of the dry season with early, mid, and late burning. The land use and land cover classification indicate that the predominant vegetation type in these areas is seasonally flooded grassland, with percentages above 73%, except in zone three, which has a more diverse composition and structure, with the presence of arboreal specimens of V. divergem Pohl. The pattern of the thermal range showed differentiation pre- and post-burning. The burned area index indicated that fire was more efficient in the first two macrohabitats because they are natural grasslands, reducing the grass species in the burnings. Early and mid prescribed burnings are a good option to reduce the continuous accumulation of dry forest biomass fuel material and help to promote landscape heterogeneity. The use of multispectral sensor data with high spatial/spectral resolution can show the effects of fires, using highly detailed scales for technical decision making.

Predation is expected to promote uniformity in the warning coloration of defended prey, but also mimicry convergence between aposematic species. Despite selection constraining both colour-pattern and population divergence, many aposematic animals display numerous geographically structured populations with distinct warning signal. Here, we explore the extent of phenotypic variation of sympatric species of Ranitomeya poison frogs and test for theoretical expectations on variation and convergence in mimetic signals. We demonstrate that both warning signal and mimetic convergence are highly variable and are negatively correlated: some localities display high variability and no mimicry while in others the phenotype is fixed and mimicry is perfect. Moreover, variation in warning signals is always present within localities, and in many cases this variation overlaps between populations, such that variation is continuous. Finally, we show that coloration is consistently the least variable element and is likely of greater importance for predator avoidance compared to patterning. We discuss the implications of our results in the context of warning signal diversification and suggest that, like many other locally adapted traits, a combination of standing genetic variation and founding effect might be sufficient to enable divergence in colour pattern.

Diccionario Regional Vocabulario Pintoresco Lamista

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:39:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 Background/Aims: Paediatric maxillofacial trauma accounts for 15% of all maxillofacial trauma but remains a leading cause of mortality. The aim of this prospective, multicentric epidemiological study was to analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures in paediatric patients managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery departments on five continents over a 1-year period. Methods: The following data were collected: age (preschool [0–6 years], school age [7–12 years], and adolescent [13–18 years]), cause and mechanism of the maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injuries, day of the maxillofacial trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results: Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 322 patients (male:female ratio, 2.3:1) aged 0–18 years (median age, 15 years) were hospitalized with maxillofacial trauma. The most frequent causes of the trauma were road traffic accidents (36%; median age, 15 years), followed by falls (24%; median age, 8 years) and sports (21%; median age, 14 years). Alcohol and/or drug abuse was significantly associated with males (p

The human microbiome is an integral component of the human body and a co-determinant of several health conditions1,2. However, the extent to which interpersonal relations shape the individual genetic makeup of the microbiome and its transmission within and across populations remains largely unknown3,4. Here, capitalizing on more than 9,700 human metagenomes and computational strain-level profiling, we detected extensive bacterial strain sharing across individuals (more than 10 million instances) with distinct mother-to-infant, intra-household and intra-population transmission patterns. Mother-to-infant gut microbiome transmission was considerable and stable during infancy (around 50% of the same strains among shared species (strain-sharing rate)) and remained detectable at older ages. By contrast, the transmission of the oral microbiome occurred largely horizontally and was enhanced by the duration of cohabitation. There was substantial strain sharing among cohabiting individuals, with 12% and 32% median strain-sharing rates for the gut and oral microbiomes, and time since cohabitation affected strain sharing more than age or genetics did. Bacterial strain sharing additionally recapitulated host population structures better than species-level profiles did. Finally, distinct taxa appeared as efficient spreaders across transmission modes and were associated with different predicted bacterial phenotypes linked with out-of-host survival capabilities. The extent of microorganism transmission that we describe underscores its relevance in human microbiome studies5, especially those on non-infectious, microbiome-associated diseases., This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC-STG project MetaPG-716575 and ERC-CoG microTOUCH-101045015) to N.S. and by EMBO ALTF 593–2020 to M.V.-C. The work was also partially supported by MIUR ‘Futuro in Ricerca’ (grant no. RBFR13EWWI_001) to N.S., by the European H2020 programme (ONCOBIOME-825410 project, MASTER-818368 project, and IHMCSA-964590) to N.S., by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (1U01CA230551) to N.S., by the Premio Internazionale Lombardia e Ricerca 2019 to N.S., by the Simons Foundation (award ID 648614) to E.D. and N.S., and by the European Research Council (ERC-STG project Mami-639226) to M.C.C

Metagenomic assembly enables new organism discovery from microbial communities, but it can only capture few abundant organisms from most metagenomes. Here we present MetaPhlAn 4, which integrates information from metagenome assemblies and microbial isolate genomes for more comprehensive metagenomic taxonomic profiling. From a curated collection of 1.01 M prokaryotic reference and metagenome-assembled genomes, we define unique marker genes for 26,970 species-level genome bins, 4,992 of them taxonomically unidentified at the species level. MetaPhlAn 4 explains ~20% more reads in most international human gut microbiomes and >40% in less-characterized environments such as the rumen microbiome and proves more accurate than available alternatives on synthetic evaluations while also reliably quantifying organisms with no cultured isolates. Application of the method to >24,500 metagenomes highlights previously undetected species to be strong biomarkers for host conditions and lifestyles in human and mouse microbiomes and shows that even previously uncharacterized species can be genetically profiled at the resolution of single microbial strains.

The human microbiome seeding starts at birth, when pioneer microbes are acquired mainly from the mother. Mode of delivery, antibiotic prophylaxis, and feeding method have been studied as modulators of mother-to-infant microbiome transmission, but other key influencing factors like modern westernized lifestyles with high hygienization, high-calorie diets, and urban settings, compared with non-westernized lifestyles have not been investigated yet. In this study, we explored the mother-infant sharing of characterized and uncharacterized microbiome members via strain-resolved metagenomics in a cohort of Ethiopian mothers and infants, and we compared them with four other cohorts with different lifestyles. The westernized and non-westernized newborns' microbiomes composition overlapped during the first months of life more than later in life, likely reflecting similar initial breast-milk-based diets. Ethiopian and other non-westernized infants shared a smaller fraction of the microbiome with their mothers than did most westernized populations, despite showing a higher microbiome diversity, and uncharacterized species represented a substantial fraction of those shared in the Ethiopian cohort. Moreover, we identified uncharacterized species belonging to the Selenomonadaceae and Prevotellaceae families specifically present and shared only in the Ethiopian cohort, and we showed that a locally produced fermented food, injera, can contribute to the higher diversity observed in the Ethiopian infants' gut with bacteria that are not part of the human microbiome but are acquired through fermented food consumption. Taken together, these findings highlight the fact that lifestyle can impact the gut microbiome composition not only through differences in diet, drug consumption, and environmental factors but also through its effect on mother-infant strain-sharing patterns., This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC-STG project MetaPG-716575) to N.S., by MIUR “Futuro in Ricerca” (grant no. RBFR13EWWI_001) to N.S., by the European H2020 program (ONCOBIOME-825410 project and MASTER-818368 project) to N.S., by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (1U01CA230551) to N.S., by the Premio Internazionale Lombardia e Ricerca 2019 to N.S., by the Italian Ministry of Health with Ricerca Corrente and 5x1000 funds, and by the EMBO ALTF 593-2020 to M.V.-C. The authors would like to acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC-STG project MAMI, ref. 639226) and PROMETEO GVA (ref. 012/2020) to M.C.C. and M.S.-R., respectively, and from Plan GenT project (CDEIGENT 2020) to R.C.-R. Finally, M.C.C., R.C.-R., and M.S.-R. acknowledge the award of the Spanish government MCIN/AEI to the IATA-CSIC as Center of Excellence Accreditation Severo Ochoa (CEX2021-001189-S/MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033).This article is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (GA no. 949742 ERC-HealthXCross) to R.R.

The surgical repair of lateral hernias is considered a challenge. Laparoscopic intracorporeal rectus aponeuroplasty (LIRA) has been described as a minimally invasive technique for primary incisional ventral hernias of the midline, especially for M2 to M4 ventral hernias but the indications of the concept associated to LIRA are beginning to expand to other complex locations. The aim of this video is to show the surgical steps for lateral hernias where the concept associated to LIRA is followed to repair this type of hernias.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcome and the associated factors of a treatment protocol for peri-implant mucositis. Materials and Methods: Patients were evaluated 30 months after a treatment protocol including professional mechanical debridement and modification of the prosthesis contours to improve access for biofilm control. Clinical performance was assessed by means of probing with an electronic pressure-calibrated periodontal probe. The possible impact of implant- and patient-level factors on the changes in peri-implant mucosal inflammation measured with the modified bleeding index (mBI) was evaluated. Results: Twenty patients and 61 implants were included in the analysis. At the final visit, 50% of the patients presented bleeding on probing, with a mean mBI of 0.22 (SD 0.27). The adjusted linear regression model showed a significant association between patient's compliance with supportive care visits (p = .006) and mucosal inflammation. Similarly, at the implant level, modified plaque index (p

This paper analyses the synergy between two innovative technologies: green propellants and electric pump feeding, for a 500 N engine thrust range. The novel approach is then compared to the legacy configuration, i.e., an MMH/NTO pressure fed system. First, a discussion of the benefits and challenges of the different technologies is presented. Subsequently, the proposed configuration relying on green propellants and e-pumps is investigated. After selecting hydrogen peroxide as the baseline oxidiser, a comparative analysis of different fuel candidates is conducted, leading to the selection of propane as fuel. Furthermore, the second part of the paper weights the novel configuration against the standard one and confronts their propulsive performance and mass budget. Results show that the implementation of electric pump feeding can leverage the performance of the selected green propellant outpacing the conventional solution.

Malignant insulinoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor, located exclusively in the pancreas, characterized by severe hypoglycemia secondary to excessive insulin secretion. Somatostatin analogs (SSA) and everolimus have been added to the classic treatment with diazoxide in the last years. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has also been recently tested in a few patients with insulinoma with apparently satisfactory results. We present a 49-year-old woman with a loss of consciousness in the context of severe hypoglycemia that was diagnosed of malignant insulinoma. She underwent tumor excision and a total pancreatectomy and after an extended hospital stay, she was discharged without hypoglycemia under treatment with ASS. After observing tumor progression, treatment with 4 cycles of PRRT was performed with symptomatic control, reduction of some of the metastatic lesions and stabilization of other lesions with excellent tolerance to treatment. PRRT is a possible alternative for the symptomatic and etiological treatment of malignant insulinoma.

Introducción: Cyclosternum familiare (Simon, 1889) es una araña endémica en la población El Manzano (Venezuela), que como defensa libera pelos que producen dermatitis por contacto. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo del caso, con análisis retrospectivo e identificación taxonómica del artrópodo incriminado. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 54 años que en dos oportunidades tuvo roce (contacto) con una pantaloneta contaminada con pelos de C. familiare, desarrollando una dermatitis de 33 días de evolución. Discusión: La morbilidad y mortalidad por arañas en Venezuela no superan el 1% del total de reportes por emponzoñamientos por vertebrados o invertebrados y la identificación de las especies involucradas es muy rara. Es la primera vez que se describe el contacto con esta especie como el origen de dermatitis en un paciente de Venezuela. Conclusión: Las setas liberadas por este taxón tienen la capacidad de anclarse a las fibras de algodón de la ropa, resistiendo el lavado con agua y jabón y manteniendo su capacidad irritante por más de un mes.

Este trabajo estudia la obra Como la sombra que se va de Antonio Muñoz Molina realizando primero un análisis de los elementos de la novela (acontecimientos, personajes, espacio, tiempo), luego de la naturaleza de sus contenidos (ficción, autoficción, metaficción) y finalmente de sus técnicas narrativas (forma espacial, disposición triangular de las historias, identificación de la escritura novelesca real y la de las dos novelas intratextuales, unificación del narrador y eliminación del diálogo directo).

Disaggregated data is often used to model the cost-benefit of residential energy management systems. However, obtaining such data is time-intensive and monetarily expensive. This hinders the depth of analysis that can be done on these systems and negatively influences their large-scale uptake. This study proposes a novel generalised model of these systems that uses smart meter load profile data to model their cost-benefit. Using two years of half-hourly electricity consumption data from 5379 households in London, the model was used to examine how sociodemographic, tariff structures, and the choice of operational objectives of these systems, interact to influence their cost-benefit. The results showed that the proposed model produced reliable cost-benefit results within what is normally obtained in literature. The model demonstrated that applying one set of objectives to different customers leads to an inequitable distribution in benefits; rather, an optimal set of objectives for a given customer under a specific tariff structure can be found to produce a more equitable distribution in benefits across all customers. The proposed model is replicable and uses data that can be obtained easily and cheaply from smart meters, making it versatile for large-scale cost-benefit analysis by any electricity retailer.