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It is established that milk mares of the Kazakh horse of the Aday breed have on average live weight of 389.2 kg, height at the withers of 139.2 cm, an oblique body length of 142.1 cm, a chest girth of 167.6 cm and a metacarpus girth of 17.5 cm. Mares of the Kazakh breed of the Mangystau population surpass in the live weight and body measurements the peers of Aday offspring. Namely, the live weight was 415.3 kg, the height at withers – 140.9 cm, the oblique body length – 143.4 cm, the chest girth – 170.5 cm and the metacarpus girth - 18.3 cm. In general, mares of the Kazakh horse of the Aday offspring are inferior to the minimum requirements for animals of the elite class in height at withers, the chest and metacarpus girths. At the same time, 90% of mares correspond to the 1 quality class. In stallions – producers of the Kazakh horses of the Aday offspring, the live weight averaged 438.7 kg, and in stud horses the Mangystau population – 449,8 kg. Body measurements in Aday horses were 145.2-147.5-169.8-18.5 cm, in the Mangystau population – 145.6-148.1-172.2-18.5 cm, respectively. Some regularities of growth and development of foals from birth to 30 months of age are established. A scale for the development of young Aday horses has been developed.

Analysis of trace elements in blood serum can be an important tool for monitoring micronutrient supply in stallions in order to maintain reproductive health. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the concentrations of macro- and microelements in the blood serum of stud stallions with the qualitative characteristics of fresh sperm and sperm after cryopreservation and thawing. The studies were carried out on purebred Arabian stallions (n=50). As a biomaterial for studies, we used blood serum, fresh and thawed sperm after cryopreservation. The elemental composition of seminal plasma was determined by 25 chemical elements Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Se, Zn Ca, K, Mg, P, B, Li, Si, V Na, Ni, Sn, Hg, Sr, Al, As, Cd, Pb) by ICP-DRC-MS methods. It was found that the concentrations of Mg and Co in the blood serum positively correlate with the qualitative characteristics of the sperm of Arabian purebred stallions. Wherein, the optimal range of concentrations of Mg in the blood serum, typical for stallions with relatively high indicators of sperm quality, is 22.64 to 27.05 μg/g; Co – 0.001 to 0.0015 μg/g.

In the conditions of large pig breeding complexes in the raw material base of Smolmyaso OJSC andPavlovskaya Sloboda Meat Processing Plant OJSC, in the period of 2010-2015, research and production experiencewas conducted to study the productivity and biological features of domestic and western breeding pigs. Experimentalyoung stock from 2 months age till reaching the live weight of 100 kg was kept in the control growing. Theconditions of keeping, feeding and slaughter of young pigs were identical. When young pigs reached 95-105 kg inlive weight, they were evaluated by their own productivity and slaughter indices.In the process of research, it was found that among the domestic and Canadian young stock, the highestprecocity and growth rate was characterized by three-breed hybrid young stock, obtained by crossing hybrid sowswith Duroc boars. The results of the control slaughter showed that among the domestic and Canadian young stock,the best slaughter indices were characterized by the three-breed hybrid young.It was established that the three-breed cross young pigs of the Canadian breeding reached the pre-slaughter liveweight 22 days earlier compared to the domestic one, the average daily weight gain was 134.1 g higher, the slaughteryield was 2.3% higher. Thus, the three-breed commercial young stock of Canadian breeding reliably surpasses thepigs of domestic breeding.The calculation of the economic efficiency of growing young pigs shows that the additional income from thesale of 1 head of Canadian breeding is 1.5 thousand rubles (23 US dollars) compared with the domestic breeding.Based on the research results, it was recommended that pig farms engaged in breeding and growing domesticpigs, should strengthen breeding to improve the fattening and meat qualities of pigs. To obtain commercial youngpigs with high fattening and meat qualities, it is recommended to use Canadian pigs more extensively.

The conditions for the excitation of low-frequency oscillations in a plasma ring formed by an ECR discharge in a narrow coaxial cavity filled with argon were studied experimentally. The domain of the discharge parameters where these oscillations are stable is determined. It is supposed that the oscillations recorded are excited due to the appearance of an electrostatic wave propagating in the azimuthal direction.

The formation of a spatially localized plasma with a high brightness has been experimentally observed in a dielectric plasma guide under the electron cyclotron resonance discharge at the excitation of a standing ion-acoustic wave. The results obtained show the possibility of designing compact high-intensity radiation sources with a spectrum determined by the working gas or gas mixture type, high-intensity chemically active particle flow sources, and plasma thrusters for correcting orbits of light spacecraft.

The most important steps taken on the path of development of domestic animal husbandry and aquaculture are described. They include methods for accelerating the selection pace in livestock and aquaculture using cutting edge technologies and state-of-the-art intelligence systems. The transition to rationed feeding and productivity control systems is highlighted. It briefly touches upon mobilization of national animal husbandry export resources, the problem of preserving biological resources, and long-term preservation of reproductive material from livestock and their wild ancestors. The outlined aspects include urgency for advancing genome-based technologies and “biologization” of products for animals, birds, and aquaculture protection.

We studied sperm of stallions of different age groups of the Arab breed at the age of 4 to 21 (n=36). The concentrations of total protein (TP), albumin, globulins, glucose, urea, phospholipids, ionized calcium (Ca2+), and enzyme activity of creatine kinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), amylase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined in seminal plasma. After sperm freezing and thawing the progressive sperm motility and viability at +4 °C were studied. We found that progressive motility and viability of spermatozoa after freezing and thawing in stallions at the age of 6-10 years was statistically significantly higher than that of stallions at the age of 4-5 (p=0.004 and p=0.02), 11-15 (p=0.04 and p=0.04) and 16-21 (p=0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). The concentration of sperm in the ejaculates of older stallions (16-21 years old) is significantly lower than in the ejaculates of stallions aged 4-5 (p=0.04), 6-10 (p=0.003), 11-15 (p=0.04). The level of urea in seminal plasma of older stallions (16-21 years old) was statistically significantly higher than in the group of stallions aged 6-10 (p=0.01). There is a negative correlation between progressive sperm motility after cryopreservation and urea concentration in stallion seminal plasma (r=-0.48; p

A mechanism for the onset of pulsations of the electric field at a pumping frequency of 2.45 GHz is determined, and its influence on the efficiency of characteristic X-ray generation in the CERA-RX(C) source is shown.

The experimental results of the macroscopic spherical particles penetration in the half-infinite aluminium and steel targets have been analyzed. It is shown, that for particles, having sizes about 50–100 μm and velocities in the range 1000–3000 {m}/{s}, the hydrodynamical penetration model is not applicable. Under such conditions the penetration procedure is determined by the processes, taking place immediately in front of the particles surface. It fundamentally differs from models, suiting for describing the damage of target metal under the influence of large mechanical bodies. The specific penetration model for macroscopic particles, having small size have been formulated. The special properties of this mechanism which distinguish it from the common approach are shown.

CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERISTIC OF Ovis ammon ammon, O. nivicola borealis AND THEIR HYBRIDS V.А. Bagirov, P.M. Klenovitskiy, B.S. Iolchiev, N.A. Zinovieva, V.V. Kalashnikov, O.V. Shilo, V.A. Soloshenko, Sh.N. Nasibov, V.P. Kononov, А.V. Kolesnikov 1 All-Russia Research and Development Institute for Livestock Husbandry, RAAS, Dubrovitsy settlement 142132, Moscow province, Russia e-mail: klenpm@mail.ru 2 Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Moscow 117218, Russia e-mail: vugarbagirov@mail.ru 3 Novosibirsk Zoo, Novosibirsk 630001, Russia 4 Siberian Research and Development, Design and Technology Institute of Livestock Breeding, RAAS, Krasnoobsk settlement 630501, Novosibirsk province, Russia 5 Samara State Agricultural Academy, Ust-Kinelsky settlement 446442, Samara province, Russia

An epididymal sperm cryobank of rare and endangered animal species not having world analogues has been created. New breeding forms of agricultural animals have been produced with the use of modern biotechnological methods on the basis of wide hybridization.

The torsion problem of a circular nonlinear elastic rod loaded by end moments is considered. The solution constructed by the method of successive approximations taking into account second-order effects is compared with the solution obtained by a semi-inverse method. It is shown that the dead-loading assumption breaks the symmetry of the Cauchy stress tensor in a certain region. A refined formulation of Saint Venant’s principle is proposed for the problem of determining integral strain characteristics.

Interbreed differentiation of 12 improved and local horse breeds is studied based on 17 DNA microsatellites. Genetic differences between breeds are established; private alleles are noted in the majority of breeds. Genetic distances between breeds are calculated, an analysis of which shows considerable genetic differences between local and improved breeds.

The goal of the paper is to clarify whether the nondegenerate Hamiltinian systems are “typical” among all integrable systems. The importance of this problem is emphasized by a theorem of Fomenko-Zieschang, in which an isoenergy invariant determining the nondegenerate systems up to topological equivalence is constructed. Bibliography: 12 titles.

Integrable Hamiltonian systems on a symplectic manifold are considered in this paper. A special role among them is played by the so-called systems of Bott type on a given energy level.Numerous investigations of concrete systems of classical mechanics and mathematical physics have shown that the systems are of Bott type for almost all energy levels. Therefore, an important question arises: is the property of being of Bott type in some sense a generic property? This paper is devoted to studying this question. The main result is that the set of systems of Bott type is of first category in the set of all integrable systems (in the weak metric) (Theorems 2.1 and 2.4). Recall that a set of first category is one that can be represented as a countable union of nowhere dense sets. However, this set is dense in the set of systems satisfying an additional condition (Theorem 3.1). The set of systems of Bott type is open in the strong metric (Theorem 4.1).Bibliography: 15 titles.

Basing on analysis of the treatment results in 74 injured persons with a cold trauma there was proved, that during operative interventions performance a total intravenous anesthesy and a spinal cord anesthesy are used most frequently. Inhalation anesthesy and conducting methods of anesthesy ought to be used more frequently, because a total intravenous anesthesy is a lesser guided one and a spinal cord anesthesy may cause a severe hypotension in the injured persons.

A method for a quantitative comparison of wide sense regenerative processes is discussed. The main idea appears to be to make assumptions on the processes being studied that permit one to construct so-called crossing times which are simultaneous regeneration times for another pair of regenerative processes (called crossing), each element of the pair coinciding in distribution with one of the initial processes. Provided that intercrossing times have proper moments (higher, than of the first order), the problem of uniform-in-time comparison is reduced (using renewal-type arguments) to obtaining comparison estimates over finite horizons only. Respective estimates are formulated in terms of probability metrics. Possible applications include continuity of queues, approximation of Markov chains, etc.

This paper is a natural extension and continuation of the authors' studies of the astronomical dating problem of Ptolemy's famous Almagest. In previous papers, the authors suggested and developed a new geometrical-statistical method for dating ancient star catalogues. This method was then applied to Ptolemy's Almagest. The results obtained do not confirm the traditional dating of the Almagest (2nd century AD or 2nd century BC) but shift it to the epoch AD 600-1300. In this paper, we extend our analysis to other parts of the Almagest and study the dating problem for series of lunar eclipses described in the Almagest and for the covering of stars by planets. The results obtained completely agree with our previous results and give the same time interval, AD 600-1300. Mathematics Subject Classifications (1991). 01A35, 51 F99, 62J99.

Regenerative events for different queueing models are considered. The aim of this paper is to construct these events for continuous-time processes if they are given for the corresponding discrete-time model. The construction uses so-called renovative events revealing the property of the state at timen of the discrete-time model to be independent (in an algebraic sense) of the states referring to epochs not later thann −L (whereL is some constant) given that there are some restrictions on the “governing sequence”. Different types of multi-server and multi-phase queues are considered.

Recently developed methods of qualitative analysis for regenerative processes arising in queueing are presented. These methods are essentially qualitative and use notions such as coupling, probability metrics, etc. They are developed for studying various properties of regenerative models, including convergence rate to a stationary regime, continuity of their characteristics with respect to some parameters and first-occurrence time of an event such as queue overflowing. In spite of their qualitative nature they lead to good quantitative estimates of underlying properties with computer methods available to calculate them.

Possibility of ortho-, para-, meta-methylphenyl and methoxyphenyl-derivates of MPTP to produce parkinsonism was investigated. Only ortho-methylphenyl- and ortho-methoxyphenyl-derivates of MPTP cause a persistent loss in dopamine content in the brain and produced the clinical symptoms of parkinsonism. All substances produced Parkinsonian-like syndrome gives the symptoms of activation of nervous system during 0.5-1 h after injection and symptoms of depression in following 3 h of observations.

The mathematical programming problem with variational inequality constraints, or the complementary problem, often arises in the analysis of physical and socio-economic systems. At present, such problems are mostly solved by heuristic methods. In a recent paper, Harker and Choi described an approach based on external penalty functions, which is applied after restating the variational inequality constraint in optimization form. An alternative approach to the solution of the problem conversely involves restating its optimization part in the form of an appropriate variational inequality, whose solution is then sought on the set of feasible vectors that satisfy the original inequality constraint. In this paper, we propose a penalty technique for solving the resulting problem, which is accordingly reduced to a one-level variational inequality dependent on a penalty parameter.

The results of high gradient magnetic filter (HGMF) model tests for coolant cleaning on a channel high power reactor multiple forced circulation line are presented. This coolant (water) was cleaned from iron and radionuclide corrosion products. The extracted particle size was 0.1-5 mu m. Numerous experiments showed that the average efficiency for the nuclides /sup 95/Nb, /sup 95/Zr, and /sup 60/Co was equal to 95-99% in cases when their initial radioactivity was more than 10/sup -7/ Cu/l, most of them being extracted at the filter inlet. The obtained results show that this type of HGMF is better than the iron ball magnetic filter because the product quality and specific capacity are higher. >

Peptide epitopes for tumor-reactive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) have been identified on human cancers and are being used in tumor vaccine trials. However, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of such peptides have been inadequately studied. It is predicted that immunogenic tumor peptides would have short half-lives in vivo. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the stability of the immunogenic peptide MART-1(27-35) in fresh normal human plasma (NHP) and to identify modifications that convey protection against enzymatic destruction without loss of immunogenicity. We evaluated the stability of the MART-1(27-35) peptide (AAGIGILTV) and modified forms of that peptide for stability and immune recognition in an in vitro model. The peptides were incubated in plasma for varied time intervals and evaluated for their ability to reconstitute the epitope for MART-1(27-35)-reactive CTL. Loss of CTL reactivity signaled loss of immunoreactive peptide. When 1 microM MART-1(27-35) peptide was incubated in plasma prior to pulsing on target cells, CTL reactivity was lost within 3 hr, and the calculated half-life of this peptide was 22 sec. This degradation was mediated by peptidases. The stability of MART-1(27-35) was markedly prolonged by C-terminal amidation and/or N-terminal acetylation (peptide capping), or by polyethylene-glycol modification (PEGylation) of the C-terminus. These modified peptides were recognized by CTL. The MART-1(27-35) peptide is very unstable in plasma. It is probable that it and other immunogenic peptides will be similarly unstable in vivo. Immunogenicity of these peptides might be enhanced by creating modifications that enhance stability.

The use of α-2-cyanoethyl Boc-aspartate is proposed for the first time for the synthesis of β-esters of Boc-aspartic acid. The α-2-cyanoethyl protective group is selectively split out by strong organic bases under hydrolytic conditions without the β-ester bond being affected. Using the α-2-cyanoethyl derivative, β-cyclohexyl, β-benzyl, and β-tert-butyl Boc-aspartates have been synthesized in good yields.

Analyzes the experience gained in cooperative studies aimed at the development and introduction of automated data processing systems, carried out by the Institute of Informatics, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Krasnodar Territorial Foundation for Obligatory Medical Insurance and its branches.