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Supplementary Information - PDF file 145K, Supplementary Material and Methods; Supplementary Figure Legend S1 (Proliferation of tumor-specific CD4 T cells by matured DC pulsed with autologous tumor lysate.); Supplementary Figure Legend S2 (In breast tumors TEM and CD11c+ are distinct cell subsets.); Supplementary Tables S1 (Clinical and pathological features of tumors and patients (n=40)); Supplementary Tables S2 (CD11c+ DC and TEM from breast tumors were exposed to autologous CFSE-labeled T cells and their proliferation assessed five days later by flow cytometry.); Supplementary References

Supplementary figures - PDF file 1536K, Figure S1. Proliferation of tumor-specific CD4 T cells by matured DC pulsed with autologous tumor lysate; Figure S2. In breast tumors TEM and CD11c+ are distinct cell subsets

Estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER, PR) signaling control breast development and impinge on breast carcinogenesis. ER is an established driver of ER + disease but the role of the PR, itself an ER target gene, is debated. We assess the issue in clinically relevant settings by a genetic approach and inject ER + breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumor cells to the milk ducts of immunocompromised mice. Such ER + xenografts were exposed to physiologically relevant levels of 17-β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). We find that independently both premenopausal E2 and P4 levels increase tumor growth and combined treatment enhances metastatic spread. The proliferative responses are patient-specific with MYC and androgen receptor (AR) signatures determining P4 response. PR is required for tumor growth in patient samples and sufficient to drive tumor growth and metastasis in ER signaling ablated tumor cells. Our findings suggest that endocrine therapy may need to be personalized, and that abrogating PR expression can be a therapeutic option.

Background Increasing data support the role of BCSCs in recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy. However, detecting these cells specifically and targeting them therapeutically remain challenging. We set to identify miRNAs involved in chemoresistance of BCSCs in vitro and the results were assessed in the sera of healthy donors and breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods In vitro experiments were conducted in the MCF7 cell line grown as mammospheres (MS) in order to enrich a BCSC phenotype. After treatment with 5FU or Paclitaxel (Pac), microRNA profile of chemoresistant cells was analyzed by microarray. The results were compared to miRNAs found in immortalized non-tumorigenic MCF10A cells in order to exclude miRNAs related to normal stem cells. A signature of 6 miRNAs was identified. miR-363-3p, appearing the most relevant, was chosen for further assessment. By RT-qPCR, miR363-3p levels were 20- and 100-fold higher in ALDH+ sorted cells compared to ALDH- MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. Moreover, overexpression of miR363-3p in MCF7 cells correlated with an increased number of ALDH+ cells and 1.5 more MS formed. In contrast, downregulation of miR363-3p levels induced a decrease in MS size and 2-fold reduction in number. Consistently, miR-363-3p downregulation decreased tumor growth and metastasis of MCF7 cells in an intraductal human-in-mice transplantation model. miRNA was quantified by RT-qPCR in tissue and sera collected prospectively from 40 breast cancer patients before and after NAC (anthracycline-taxane) and also from 25 healthy donors. Results Fifty percent of the patients had luminal A and B tumors (n=20), 32,5% (n=13) had triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and 17.5% (n=7) had HER2 positive BC. Excluding one patient, who refused the surgical resection, 40% achieved pathological complete response (pCR). Six patients presented disease recurrence. In patients’ tumor before and after NAC, a higher level of miR363-3p was observed compared with benign tissue. In sera of the BC patients, miR363-3p levels were significantly higher than that of healthy donors. After NAC, the levels of miR363-3p remained high among patients who relapsed, whereas they were equivalent to the healthy donors in patients who remained in remission. No correlation between Ki-67, grade 1 or 2 and miR363-3p levels was observed. However, in grade 3 BC, low level of miR363-3p before and after NAC was correlated with pCR and remission. The level of miR363-3p correlated with remission and pCR in patients with TNBC and HER2 BC. Conclusions Assessment in the sera of patients and healthy donors confirms our previous data supporting the role of miR363-3p as predictive factor of resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and disease recurrence. Further investigations are warranted to confirm the role of miR363-3p as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Citation Format: Stephanie Renaud, Athina Stravodimou, Maryse Fiche, Ioannis Xenarios, Scabia Valentina, Valerian Dormoy, Marie Galmiche, Cathrin Brisken, Jean-Francois Delaloye, Assia Treboux, Jean-Yves Meuwly, Nicolas Mermod, Khalil Zaman. miR363-3p mediates maintenance of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and predicts resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and disease recurrence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-10-22.

El sistema presupuestario público se inscribe como uno de los pilares del proceso de las finanzas públicas. Se ocupa de organizar la gestión pública y vincular las responsabilidades del Estado en el cumplimiento de sus funciones y en la realización de los planes y programas proyectados. El presupuesto público es el límite de gastos que una entidad puede realizar durante un año, de acuerdo a los ingresos que espera recibir, y debe ser la expresión financiera de los programas y proyectos que ejecutará para alcanzar los objetivos del plan de gobierno. Permite estimar los recursos que se obtendrán y distribuirlos de acuerdo a las prioridades de gobierno, entre las distintas instituciones. En consecuencia, es el principal instrumento de política pública, a través del cual se concretan los objetivos de gobierno y se identifican a las entidades responsables, siendo asimismo un mecanismo redistributivo de la riqueza. El resultado esperado de este proceso es un presupuesto público idóneo como instrumento de gestión y de información de las políticas públicas previstas para el corto y mediano plazo y el grado de efectividad y eficiencia en su cumplimiento. Considerando el carácter federal de nuestro país, las políticas fiscales vinculadas con las jurisdicciones provinciales y municipales, y sus implicancias financieras, deben estar articuladas razonable y adecuadamente con sus propias realidades económicas y sociales, de modo de obtener un panorama multidimensional de la situación de los gobiernos sub-nacionales en el marco de las políticas públicas nacionales, definidas en el presupuesto nacional. Los presupuestos tienen impactos muy concretos en la vida de las personas y el ejercicio efectivo de sus derechos. Los más directos se vinculan con la forma en que se gastan los recursos públicos y las prioridades a las que se asignan los fondos. Pero también existen efectos indirectos como los impactos que un presupuesto tiene en cuestiones como el empleo o la inflación. Fil: Ameriso, Claudia C. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to identify risk factors for positive surgical margins in breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer and to evaluate the influence of surgical experience in obtaining complete resection.MethodsAll lumpectomies for invasive breast carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) between April 2008 and March 2010 were selected from the database of a single institution. Re-excision rates for positive margins as well as patient and histopathologic tumor characteristics were analyzed. Surgical experience was staged by pairs made of Resident plus Specialist or Consultant. Two periods were defined. During period A, the majority of operations were performed by Residents under supervision of Specialist or Consultant. During period B, only palpable tumors were operated by Residents.ResultsThe global re-excision rate was 27% (50 of 183 patients). The presence of DCIS increased the risk for positive margins: 60% (nine of 15 patients) in the case of sole DCIS compared to 26% (41 of 160 patients) for invasive cancer (p = 0.005) and 35% (42 of 120 patients) in the case of peritumoral DCIS compared to 11% (seven of 62 patients) in the case of sole invasive cancer (p = 0.001). Re-excision rate decreased from 36% (23 of 64 patients) during period A to 23% (27 of 119 patients) during period B (p = 0.055). There was no significant difference between the surgical pairs.ConclusionIn our study, DCIS was the only risk factor for positive surgical margins. Breast-conserving surgery for non-palpable tumors should be performed by Specialists, however, palpable tumors can be safely operated by Residents under supervision.

Las finanzas públicas constituyen la rama del conocimiento que se ocupa del funcionamiento económico del Estado. Por lo tanto, su importancia crece en la medida en que el sector público se vuelve más relevante para la actividad económica. En una economía con un Estado poco desarrollado, las finanzas públicas tendrán un papel poco significativo. En cambio, en una economía con un sector público importante, en términos cuantitativos y cualitativos, éstas juegan un rol decisivo. La tributación es un componente esencial de las políticas públicas, siendo los impuestos la fuente fundamental del financiamiento de los programas de gasto público. Si están adecuadamente diseñados, los sistemas impositivos pueden mejorar la gobernanza, la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas. La presión tributaria es un indicador que hace referencia al “peso” que ejerce el Estado sobre una economía al detraer recursos privados de manera coercitiva para el financiamiento de sus actividades. El monitoreo de cerca de la gestión pública, colabora con el uso adecuado de los recursos públicos e induce un mejor desempeño del Estado, por ello el trabajo aborda la evolución de este indicador a nivel nacional, en el contexto de algunos países americanos para derivar, en particular, en la presión fiscal provincial, focalizando en la provincia de Santa Fe, lo que nos permite concluir que la presión impositiva real en Santa Fe es baja en relación con la de otras provincias argentinas, encontrándose en la décima posición dentro de las 13 provincias que cuentan con información disponible. Fil: Ameriso, Claudia C. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina Fil: Treboux, Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina

It is widely accepted that deep neural networks are very efficient for object detection in images. They reach their limit when multiple long line instances have to be detected in very high resolution images. In this paper, we present an original methodology for the recognition of vine lines in high resolution aerial images. The process consists in combining a neural network with a subclassifier. We first compare a traditional U-Net architecture with a U-Net architecture designed for precision agriculture. We then highlight the significant improvement in vine line detection when a DTE is added after the customized U-Net. This methodology addresses the complex task of dissociating vine lines from other agricultural objects. The trained model is not sensitive to the orientation of the lines. Therefore, our experiments have improved the precision by around 15% compared to our improved neural network.

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the most frequent special histological subtype of breast cancer, typically characterized by loss of E‐cadherin. It has clinical features distinct from other estrogen receptor‐positive (ER+) breast cancers but the molecular mechanisms underlying its characteristic biology are poorly understood because we lack experimental models to study them. Here, we recapitulate the human disease, including its metastatic pattern, by grafting ILC‐derived breast cancer cell lines, SUM‐44 PE and MDA‐MB‐134‐VI cells, into the mouse milk ducts. Using patient‐derived intraductal xenografts from lobular and non‐lobular ER+ HER2− tumors to compare global gene expression, we identify extracellular matrix modulation as a lobular carcinoma cell‐intrinsic trait. Analysis of TCGA patient datasets shows matrisome signature is enriched in lobular carcinomas with overexpression of elastin, collagens, and the collagen modifying enzyme LOXL1. Treatment with the pan LOX inhibitor BAPN and silencing of LOXL1 expression decrease tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis by disrupting ECM structure resulting in decreased ER signaling. We conclude that LOXL1 inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for ILC.

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the most frequent special histological subtype of breast cancer, typically characterized by loss of E‐cadherin. It has clinical features distinct from other estrogen receptor‐positive (ER+) breast cancers but the molecular mechanisms underlying its characteristic biology are poorly understood because we lack experimental models to study them. Here, we recapitulate the human disease, including its metastatic pattern, by grafting ILC‐derived breast cancer cell lines, SUM‐44 PE and MDA‐MB‐134‐VI cells, into the mouse milk ducts. Using patient‐derived intraductal xenografts from lobular and non‐lobular ER+ HER2− tumors to compare global gene expression, we identify extracellular matrix modulation as a lobular carcinoma cell‐intrinsic trait. Analysis of TCGA patient datasets shows matrisome signature is enriched in lobular carcinomas with overexpression of elastin, collagens, and the collagen modifying enzyme LOXL1. Treatment with the pan LOX inhibitor BAPN and silencing of LOXL1 expression decrease tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis by disrupting ECM structure resulting in decreased ER signaling. We conclude that LOXL1 inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for ILC., Intraductal xenografts of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) cells faithfully model this breast cancer subtype, and reveal tumor cell intrinsic ECM remodeling as a critical feature of disease progression that can be exploited therapeutically by targeting LOXL1.

This paper presents the performances of machine learning algorithms on aerial images object detection for high precision agriculture. The dataset used focuses on geotagged pictures of vineyards. We demonstrate that advanced machine learning methodologies like Decision Tree Ensemble, outperform state-of-the-art image recognition algorithms generally used within the agriculture field. The innovative approach described here improve object detection and obtain an accuracy of 94.27% which is an increase of more than 4% compared to the state-of-the-art. Finally, methodology and possible developments for high precision agriculture is discussed in this study.

National audience; L'objectif de ce projet de recherche est d'étudier la relation entre la qualité du matériau bois de construction des ruches et les conditions de vie internes des abeilles, envisagée comme source de solutions à certains stress actuels (parasitisme par Varroa destructor, sécheresses) auxquelles les colonies en voie de disparition doivent faire face. Notre méthode de travail consiste à s'appuyer sur des savoirs techniques locaux récoltés au moyen d'enquêtes anthropologiques de terrain pour construire les questions de recherche et bâtir les protocoles expérimentaux. Les hypothèses en cours de test concernent l'influence : des extractibles du bois de châtaignier sur le comportement de Varroa destructor ; du matériau de la ruche (bois, polystyrène) sur le climat hygrothermique interne. Afin d'étudier la dynamique d'évolution de la population du varroa, un outil de comptage automatisé basé sur l'apprentissage supervisé est en cours de développement en collaboration avec une entreprise spécialisée dans la reconnaissance d'images

International audience

Estrogen receptor α positive (ER+) or “luminal” breast cancers were notoriously difficult to establish as patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). We and others recently demonstrated that the microenvironment is critical for ER+ tumor cells; by grafting them into milk ducts >90% take rates are achieved and many features of the human disease are recapitulated. This intra-ductal (ID) approach holds promise for personalized medicine, yet human and murine stroma are organized differently and this and other species specificities may limit the value of this model. Here, we analyzed 21 ER+ ID-PDXs histopathologically. We find that ID-PDXs vary in extent and define four histopathological patterns: flat, lobular,in situ, and invasive, which occur in pure and combined forms. The ID-PDXs replicate earlier stages of tumor development than their clinical counterparts. Micrometastases are already detected when lesions appearin situ. Tumor extent, histopathological patterns, and metastatic load correlate with biological properties of their tumors of origin. Our findings add evidence to the validity of the intraductal model forin vivostudies of ER+ breast cancer and raise the intriguing possibility that tumor cell dissemination may occur earlier than currently thought.Conflict of interest statement:The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Estrogen receptor α‐positive (ER‐positive) or ‘luminal’ breast cancers were notoriously difficult to establish as patient‐derived xenografts (PDXs). We and others recently demonstrated that the microenvironment is critical for ER‐positive tumor cells; when grafted as single cells into milk ducts of NOD Scid gamma females, >90% of ER‐positive tumors can be established as xenografts and recapitulate many features of the human disease in vivo. This intraductal approach holds promise for personalized medicine, yet human and murine stroma are organized differently and this and other species specificities may limit the value of this model. Here, we analyzed 21 ER‐positive intraductal PDXs histopathologically. We found that intraductal PDXs vary in extent and define four histopathological patterns: flat, lobular, in situ and invasive, which occur in pure and combined forms. The intraductal PDXs replicate earlier stages of tumor development than their clinical counterparts. Micrometastases are already detected when lesions appear in situ. Tumor extent, histopathological patterns and micrometastatic load correlate with biological properties of their tumors of origin. Our findings add evidence to the validity of the intraductal model for in vivo studies of ER‐positive breast cancer and raise the intriguing possibility that tumor cell dissemination may occur earlier than currently thought. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

This paper presents the impact of machine learning in precision agriculture. State-of-the-art image recognition is applied to a dataset composed of high precision aerial pictures of vineyards. The study presents a comparison of an innovative machine learning methodology compared to a baseline used classically on vineyard and agricultural objects. The baseline uses color analysis and can discriminate interesting objects with an accuracy of (89.6%). The machine learning, an innovative approach for this type of use case, demonstrates that the results can be improved to obtain 94.27% of accuracy. Machine Learning used to enrich and improve the detection of precise agricultural objects is also discussed in this study and opens new perspectives for the future of high precision agriculture.

This paper presents a study of the efficiency of machine learning algorithms applied on an image recognition task. The dataset is composed of aerial GeoTIFF images of 5 different vineyards taken with a drone. It presents the application of two different classification algorithms with an efficiency comparison over a small dataset. A Neural Network algorithm for classification through the TensorFlow platform will be explained first, and a Decision Tree Ensemble algorithm for classification through a machine learning platform will be explained second. This work shows that the accuracy of the Decision Tree Ensemble algorithm (94.27%) outperforms the accuracy of the Deep Learning algorithm (91.22%). This result is based on the final detection accuracy as well as on the computation time.

Summary Background We previously reported the 5-year results of the phase 3 IBCSG 23-01 trial comparing disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer with one or more micrometastatic (≤2 mm) sentinel nodes randomly assigned to either axillary dissection or no axillary dissection. The results showed no difference in disease-free survival between the groups and showed non-inferiority of no axillary dissection relative to axillary dissection. The current analysis presents the results of the study after a median follow-up of 9·7 years (IQR 7·8–12·7). Methods In this multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial, participants were recruited from 27 hospitals and cancer centres in nine countries. Eligible women could be of any age with clinical, mammographic, ultrasonographic, or pathological diagnosis of breast cancer with largest lesion diameter of 5 cm or smaller, and one or more metastatic sentinel nodes, all of which were 2 mm or smaller and with no extracapsular extension. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) before surgery (mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery) to no axillary dissection or axillary dissection using permuted blocks generated by a web-based congruence algorithm, with stratification by centre and menopausal status. The protocol-specified primary endpoint was disease-free survival, analysed in the intention-to-treat population (as randomly assigned). Safety was assessed in all randomly assigned patients who received their allocated treatment (as treated). We did a one-sided test for non-inferiority of no axillary dissection by comparing the observed hazard ratios (HRs) for disease-free survival with a margin of 1·25. This 10-year follow-up analysis was not prespecified in the trial's protocol and thus was not adjusted for multiple, sequential testing. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00072293. Findings Between April 1, 2001, and Feb 8, 2010, 6681 patients were screened and 934 randomly assigned to no axillary dissection (n=469) or axillary dissection (n=465). Three patients were ineligible and were excluded from the trial after randomisation. Disease-free survival at 10 years was 76·8% (95% CI 72·5–81·0) in the no axillary dissection group, compared with 74·9% (70·5–79·3) in the axillary dissection group (HR 0·85, 95% CI 0·65–1·11; log-rank p=0·24; p=0·0024 for non-inferiority). Long-term surgical complications included lymphoedema of any grade in 16 (4%) of 453 patients in the no axillary dissection group and 60 (13%) of 447 in the axillary dissection group, sensory neuropathy of any grade in 57 (13%) in the no axillary dissection group versus 85 (19%) in the axillary dissection group, and motor neuropathy of any grade (14 [3%] in the no axillary dissection group vs 40 [9%] in the axillary dissection group). One serious adverse event (postoperative infection and inflamed axilla requiring hospital admission) was attributed to axillary dissection; the event resolved without sequelae. Interpretation The findings of the IBCSG 23-01 trial after a median follow-up of 9·7 years (IQR 7·8–12·7) corroborate those obtained at 5 years and are consistent with those of the 10-year follow-up analysis of the Z0011 trial. Together, these findings support the current practice of not doing an axillary dissection when the tumour burden in the sentinel nodes is minimal or moderate in patients with early breast cancer. Funding International Breast Cancer Study Group.

Ce mémoire s’intéresse aux Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) dans le milieu culturel. À travers une étude de cas sur le MOOC Les Origines de l’Homme entre Orange et le Musée de l’Homme, l’hybridité de ce nouveau dispositif pédagogique est mise en perspective. Entre outil de communication et outil pédagogique, le MOOC apparaît non seulement être une innovation pour l’enseignement mais également un outil communicationnel au service de son marché : l’éducation.Cette approche a pour objectif de traiter plusieurs questions relatives au MOOC notamment économiques et sociales, tout en détaillant ses spécificités et ses invariants. Le prisme culturel permet, entre autres, d’observer l’adaptabilité de ces cours en ligne à l’environnement des institutions. Selon les institutions, les cours peuvent ainsi se moduler, dans leur forme et leur contenu. À travers le MOOC, les institutions peuvent donc véhiculée une image. Une analyse sémiologique des vidéos, des newsletters et du site du MOOC Les Origines de l’Homme met ainsi en exergue la retranscription des caractéristiques des musées scientifiques sur ce nouvel outil numérique.

Purpose: Tumor-associated TIE-2–expressing monocytes (TEM) are highly proangiogenic cells critical for tumor vascularization. We previously showed that, in human breast cancer, TIE-2 and VEGFR pathways control proangiogenic activity of TEMs. Here, we examine the contribution of these pathways to immunosuppressive activity of TEMs. Experimental Design: We investigated the changes in immunosuppressive activity of TEMs and gene expression in response to specific kinase inhibitors of TIE-2 and VEGFR. The ability of tumor TEMs to suppress tumor-specific T-cell response mediated by tumor dendritic cells (DC) was measured in vitro. Characterization of TEM and DC phenotype in addition to their interaction with T cells was done using confocal microscopic images analysis of breast carcinomas. Results: TEMs from breast tumors are able to suppress tumor-specific immune responses. Importantly, proangiogenic and suppressive functions of TEMs are similarly driven by TIE-2 and VEGFR kinase activity. Furthermore, we show that tumor TEMs can function as antigen-presenting cells and elicit a weak proliferation of T cells. Blocking TIE-2 and VEGFR kinase activity induced TEMs to change their phenotype into cells with features of myeloid dendritic cells. We show that immunosuppressive activity of TEMs is associated with high CD86 surface expression and extensive engagement of T regulatory cells in breast tumors. TIE-2 and VEGFR kinase activity was also necessary to maintain high CD86 surface expression levels and to convert T cells into regulatory cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that TEMs are plastic cells that can be reverted from suppressive, proangiogenic cells into cells that are able to mediate an antitumoral immune response. Clin Cancer Res; 19(13); 3439–49. ©2013 AACR.

Summary Seventy-five percent of breast cancers are estrogen receptor α positive (ER + ). Research on these tumors is hampered by lack of adequate in vivo models; cell line xenografts require non-physiological hormone supplements, and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are hard to establish. We show that the traditional grafting of ER + tumor cells into mammary fat pads induces TGFβ/SLUG signaling and basal differentiation when they require low SLUG levels to grow in vivo. Grafting into the milk ducts suppresses SLUG; ER + tumor cells develop, like their clinical counterparts, in the presence of physiological hormone levels. Intraductal ER + PDXs are retransplantable, predictive, and appear genomically stable. The model provides opportunities for translational research and the study of physiologically relevant hormone action in breast carcinogenesis.

Most of today's commercial companies heavily rely on social media and community management tools to interact with their clients and analyze their online behaviour. Nonetheless, these tools still lack evolved data mining and visualization features to tailor the analysis in order to support useful marketing decisions. We present an original methodology that aims at formalizing the marketing need of the company and develop a tool that can support it. The methodology is derived from the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) and includes additional steps dedicated to the design and development of visualizations of mined data. We followed the methodology in two use cases with Swiss companies. First, we developed a prototype that aims at understanding the needs of tourists based on Flickr and Instagram data. In that use case, we extend the existing literature by enriching hashtags analysis methods with a semantic network based on Linked Data. Second, we analyzed internal customer data of an online discount retailer to help them define guerilla marketing measures. We report on the challenges of integrating Facebook data in the process. Informal feedback from domain experts confirms the strong potential of such advanced analytic features based on social data to inform marketing decisions.

Heterostructures consisting of magnetic and superconducting layers juxtaposed to each other are ideal systems to investigate the interplay of the two order parameters and possible interlayer coupling. We used the low energy muon spin rotation technique to study magnetic field distributions at different implantation depths in tri-layered films composed of 75 nm thick YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 - δ layers enclosing a 50 nm thick barrier layer of PrBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 - ɛ . The PrBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 - ɛ layer shows the known antiferromagnetic ordering of the Cu and Pr moments, whereas our measurements indicate the formation of a regular vortex lattice in the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 - δ layers if an external field is applied perpendicular to the film.

Using ab-initio calculation, we have explored new chemical paths for the coalescence of C60 units into higher fullerenes and novel structures. Besides the Stone–Wales paradigm used for rationalizing the fusion of fullerenes and nanotubes, we demonstrated that an alternative path exists for the fusion of two C60 units. This path uses successive “π–π” additions and subsequent bond reorganizations to lead to a specific C120 peanut-like structure. The energies of the chemical barriers, the intermediate structures, and the final product are markedly lower than their counterparts found in the chemical paths based on Stone–Wales bond rotations. The results rationalize the existence of a temperature range in which peanut-like structures are obtained during thermal treatment of peapod structures.

Angiogenesis plays a key role in tumor growth and cancer progression. TIE-2-expressing monocytes (TEM) have been reported to critically account for tumor vascularization and growth in mouse tumor experimental models, but the molecular basis of their pro-angiogenic activity are largely unknown. Moreover, differences in the pro-angiogenic activity between blood circulating and tumor infiltrated TEM in human patients has not been established to date, hindering the identification of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. In this work, we investigated these differences and the phenotypic reversal of breast tumor pro-angiogenic TEM to a weak pro-angiogenic phenotype by combining Boolean modelling and experimental approaches. Firstly, we show that in breast cancer patients the pro-angiogenic activity of TEM increased drastically from blood to tumor, suggesting that the tumor microenvironment shapes the highly pro-angiogenic phenotype of TEM. Secondly, we predicted in silico all minimal perturbations transitioning the highly pro-angiogenic phenotype of tumor TEM to the weak pro-angiogenic phenotype of blood TEM and vice versa. In silico predicted perturbations were validated experimentally using patient TEM. In addition, gene expression profiling of TEM transitioned to a weak pro-angiogenic phenotype confirmed that TEM are plastic cells and can be reverted to immunological potent monocytes. Finally, the relapse-free survival analysis showed a statistically significant difference between patients with tumors with high and low expression values for genes encoding transitioning proteins detected in silico and validated on patient TEM. In conclusion, the inferred TEM regulatory network accurately captured experimental TEM behavior and highlighted crosstalk between specific angiogenic and inflammatory signaling pathways of outstanding importance to control their pro-angiogenic activity. Results showed the successful in vitro reversion of such an activity by perturbation of in silico predicted target genes in tumor derived TEM, and indicated that targeting tumor TEM plasticity may constitute a novel valid therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.

IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW), New Orleans, LA, MAR 09-12, 2015; International audience; The building energy consumption represent 60% of total primary energy consumption in the world. In order to control the demand response schemes for residential users, it is crucial to be able to predict the different components of the total power consumption of a household. This work provide a non intrusive identification model of devices with a sample frequency of one hertz. The identification results are the inputs of a model to predict the flexible energy. This corresponds at the different devices could be shift in a predetermined time. In a residential building, the heating and the hot water represent this flexible energy. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) enable an identification around 95% of heating, hot water, household electrical and a ensemble of decision tree provide the prediction for the next 15 minutes.

The building energy consumption represent 60% of total primary energy consumption in the world. In order to control the demand response schemes for residential users, it is crucial to be able to predict the different components of the total power consumption of a household. This work provide a non intrusive identification model of devices with a sample frequency of one hertz. The identification results are the inputs of a model to predict the flexible energy. This corresponds at the different devices could be shift in a predetermined time. In a residential building, the heating and the hot water represent this flexible energy. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) enable an identification around 95% of heating, hot water, household electrical and a ensemble of decision tree provide the prediction for the next 15 minutes.

Angiogenesis plays a key role in tumor growth and cancer progression. TIE-2-expressing monocytes (TEM) have been reported to critically account for tumor vascularization and growth in mouse tumor experimental models, but the molecular basis of their pro-angiogenic activity are largely unknown. Moreover, differences in the pro-angiogenic activity between blood circulating and tumor infiltrated TEM in human patients has not been established to date, hindering the identification of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. In this work, we investigated these differences and the phenotypic reversal of breast tumor pro-angiogenic TEM to a weak pro-angiogenic phenotype by combining Boolean modelling and experimental approaches. Firstly, we show that in breast cancer patients the pro-angiogenic activity of TEM increased drastically from blood to tumor, suggesting that the tumor microenvironment shapes the highly pro-angiogenic phenotype of TEM. Secondly, we predicted in silico all minimal perturbations transitioning the highly pro-angiogenic phenotype of tumor TEM to the weak pro-angiogenic phenotype of blood TEM and vice versa. In silico predicted perturbations were validated experimentally using patient TEM. In addition, gene expression profiling of TEM transitioned to a weak pro-angiogenic phenotype confirmed that TEM are plastic cells and can be reverted to immunological potent monocytes. Finally, the relapse-free survival analysis showed a statistically significant difference between patients with tumors with high and low expression values for genes encoding transitioning proteins detected in silico and validated on patient TEM. In conclusion, the inferred TEM regulatory network accurately captured experimental TEM behavior and highlighted crosstalk between specific angiogenic and inflammatory signaling pathways of outstanding importance to control their pro-angiogenic activity. Results showed the successful in vitro reversion of such an activity by perturbation of in silico predicted target genes in tumor derived TEM, and indicated that targeting tumor TEM plasticity may constitute a novel valid therapeutic strategy in breast cancer., Author Summary Tumor vascularization is essential for tumor growth and cancer progression. In breast cancer, monocytes are angiogenic, i.e. able to induce tumor vascularization. In patients, blood circulating monocytes drastically increase their angiogenic activity when reaching the tumor, suggesting that the tumor microenvironment shapes their angiogenic activity. The identification of the tumor signals inducing the angiogenic activity of monocyte is of paramount significance because it represents the rationale for anti-angiogenic therapies in breast cancer. This goal was achieved by constructing an integrative model of monocyte behavior based on experimental data. The model predicted treatments abrogating the angiogenic activity of monocytes, which were experimentally validated in monocytes isolated from patient breast carcinoma. Importantly, these treatments reverted angiogenic monocytes into immunological potent cells. The main outcome of this modeling strategy for experimental and clinical oncology is the identification of effective treatments abrogating the angiogenic activity of monocytes and thus simultaneously revealing their functional plasticity.

In this paper, a model for traffic jam prediction using data about traffic, weather and noise is presented. It is based on data coming from a Smart City in Spain called Santander. The project in this city is called ”Smart Santander” and provides a platform for large-scale experiment based on realtime data. This paper demonstrates the possibility of predicting traffic jams and is a basis to integrate in projects to improve the quality of services. In this work, a cross validation method to ratify our training set is proposed. Data intelligence analysis techniques are used for the prediction with an implementation of Neural Network and Decision Tree algorithms. These algorithms are using different parameters coming from Smart Santander and other external sources. Furthermore, a cross validation process is also integrated to improve the final result. The traffic jam prediction for the next 15 minutes reached an accuracy of 99.95%.

Simultaneous etching of NID, lightly boron-doped, phosphorus-doped homoepitaxial CVD films and Ib HPHT crystal was achieved at RT in a home-made reactor producing O2 ECR plasma which was homogeneous on approximately 200 cm−2. Etching rates varying from 60 (at −30 V) to 40 or 120 nm/min (at −140 V) are obtained with n- or p-type-doped samples, respectively. These etching rates are higher than those with O2 RF plasma, and those with previous inhomogeneous O2 ECR plasma with samples at 100 °C.

Dissolution kinetics of the (0 1 0) face of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) and the transformation of DCPD to hydroxyapatite were observed using in situ atomic force microscopy. Step velocities for [2 0 1]- and [1 0 1]′-oriented steps were measured in pseudophysiological solutions. The latter step was inclined 5–7° toward [0 0 1] from [1 0 1] directions. The step kinetic coefficients calculated for the [2 0 1] and [1 0 1]′ steps were, respectively, 0.70×10 −4 and 1.43×10 −4 m/s, values comparable to those for soluble inorganic crystals. The solubility product for DCPD accurately estimated from the relation between the step velocity and the undersaturation was (4.13±0.1)×10 −7 , a value 1.6 times larger than that previously reported. It was shown that the precipitation of hydroxyapatite occurred after the dissolution of DCPD, and no evidence of direct structural transformation from DCPD to hydroxyapatite was observed. This indicates that DCPD acts as a simple heterogeneous growth center for hydroxyapatite without requiring any structural resemblance.

A focus on the secure base phenomenon creates a framework for exploring the function of the attachment system in adulthood. Engaged couples (N = 157) were videotaped in a problem-solving interaction and assessed using the Secure Base Scoring System (SBSS), a system based on Ainsworth's analyses of infant-parent secure base use and support. Study 1 showed behavior was significantly related to representations assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview (M. Main & R. Goldwyn, 1994). In Study 2, the interactions were independently scored with the Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System (RMICS; R. E. Heyman & D. Vivian, 1993), a communication-based system. The SBSS predicted relationship variables beyond the RMICS, especially for women. Results indicate that the secure base phenomenon provides a cogent perspective on adult attachment behavior.

Eighty-nine high-risk dating violent (DV) and non–dating violent (NDV) male and female adolescents were compared on several factors within the domains of behavioral problems, psychological adjustment, and parenting, in this exploratory investigation. Dating violence status was then regressed onto the significantly differing factors. DV males reported more violence against a past partner and marijuana usage in the past year, earlier onset of drug use other than marijuana, and elevated levels of externalization (together accounting for 58% of variance), whereas DV females reported elevated rates of internalization and having received less parental involvement, supervision, and behavioral control (together accounting for 35% of variance). Past dating violence for males and internalization for females accounted for significant unique variance. Findings, clinical implications, and directions for future research on high-risk adolescent dating violence are discussed.

The effect of impurity on the two-dimensional (2D) nucleation rate, J, was investigated by estimating the edge free energy, γ, on the (0001) face of a hydroxyapatite crystal in the presence of magnesium and zinc as impurities. It was found that edge free energies, γ, at 0.06 mM magnesium and 0.75 μM zinc concentrations were constant and almost the same as that in the absence of impurities in the supersaturation range of σ = 9.8−22.0. This indicates that magnesium and zinc did not affect the energy barrier for 2D nucleation at least up to these concentrations, although these impurities inhibited the growth rate of the (0001) face by adsorbing at kink sites of 2D islands. Taking into account the effect of impurities on J, the adsorption constants K of the Langmuir kink model were calculated as KMg = (1.30 ± 0.2) × 104 L/mol and KZn = (1.23 ± 0.1) × 106 L/mol at σ = 22.0 and 25 °C.

Heterogeneous nucleation of calcium phosphate on an 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid self-assembled monolayer (SAM) in a pseudophysiological solution was investigated by in situ and ex situ atomic force microscopy. Calcium phosphate nanodots of 5−10 nm diameter were arranged two-dimensionally in a hexagonal closely packed structure in the initial stage of nucleation (≤3 h), reflecting the molecular arrangement of a thiol layer. After this stage, the surface was covered by random nucleated calcium phosphate particles of 20−30 nm diameter. Measurement of the growth rate of a calcium phosphate layer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis were performed and possible qualitative models of calcium phosphate growth on a SAM were presented.

The precipitation kinetics of hydroxyapatite from calcium phosphate aggregates was investigated by the continuous-angle laser light- scattering technique in the systems CaCl2−H3PO4−H2O and KCl−CaCl2−H3PO4−H2O at 25 °C. The apparent molecular weights of aggregates increased with time, and precipitation of hydroxyapatite occurred in both systems. However, the radius of gyration of the aggregate was almost constant in the former system, while it increased with the increase of the molecular weight in the latter system. Fractal dimension analysis revealed that loosely distributed particles in the aggregate transformed to a three-dimensional closely packed structure during the precipitation of hydroxyapatite in the former system, while the aggregate and the crystalline particles within it increased in size with the increased density and act as growth centers of hydroxyapatite in the latter system.

The effect of applying an external voltage to a molecular wire connecting two reservoirs of states is analyzed through the use of a Hubbard Hamiltonian which explicitly depends on the applied volta...

Sixty White middle-class infants were seen in the Ainsworth Strange Situation at 12 months of age; 50 of these participants (21 males, 29 females) were recontacted 20 years later and interviewed by using the Berkeley Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). The interviewers were blind to the participants' Strange Situation classifications. Overall, 72% of the infants received the same secure versus insecure attachment classification in early adulthood, K = .44, p < .001. As predicted by attachment theory, negative life events-defined as (1) loss of a parent, (2) parental divorce, (3) life-threatening illness of parent or child (e.g., diabetes, cancer, heart attack), (4) parental psychiatric disorder, and (5) physical or sexual abuse by a family member-were an important factor in change. Forty-four percent (8 of 18) of the infants whose mothers reported negative life events changed attachment classifications from infancy to early adulthood. Only 22% (7 of 32) of the infants whose mothers reported no such events changed classification, p < .05. These results support Bowlby's hypothesis that individual differences in attachment security can be stable across significant portions of the lifespan and yet remain open to revision in light of experience. The task now is to use a variety of research designs, measurement strategies, and study intervals to clarify the mechanisms underlying stability and change.

The effect of magnesium and zinc on the growth kinetics of a hydroxyapatite (0001) face in pseudophysiological solutions was investigated. The growth rates of the (0001) face were measured under various concentrations of magnesium or zinc using Moire phase shift interferometry coupled with surface observation by atomic force microscopy. The (0001) face grew not in a spiral growth mode but in a multiple two-dimensional nucleation growth mode. It was shown that the lateral growth of two-dimensional islands on the (0001) face was inhibited by the addition of magnesium or zinc, following an inhibition of the normal growth rate of the face. Although both cations inhibited growth, zinc was found to reduce the growth rate about 1000 times more effectively than magnesium.

This study examined the relation between adolescent mothers’ interpretations of various child emotion expressions and coercive parenting practices (n = 4 mother-child dyads, child ages = 10–34 mos.). The more coercive mothers decoded a range of child emotion expressions as exhibiting greater anger, and attributed greater defiant intentions to the child, compared to less coercive mothers. The findings for attributions of defiance were robust, as they were independent of both emotion decoding and level of child difficulty. Findings are discussed with regard to (a) mothers’ basic assumptions about the child; (b) the robust character of attributions of defiance in relation to coercive parenting; (c) the potential implications of this study for research with adult mothers; and (d) investigation of temporal precedence and developmental pathways in the interrelations among child behavior, maternal cognition, and parenting behavior.

We study ballistic conductance in a three-terminal carbon nanotube system and show that conductance between two of the terminals can be controlled via the third terminal. The conductance is modulated by tuning the energy spectrum of the third terminal. Such a system may provide the core of a nanotransistor. We show more generally that the quasi one-dimensional nature of nanotubes can persist in branched topologies and that insights gained in analyzing one-dimensional systems can therefore be applied in analyzing networks of nanotubes.

We characterise the electronic properties of triangulenes and study their use as building blocks in nanotube metallic Y-junctions. We calculate the ballistic conductance of such junctions using the Landauer formalism, and identify the existence of a non-conduction energy window when the system has a C 3 axis centered on a six-membered ring. Such a system can exploit a local C 6 symmetry to stabilize the central region of the Y-junction, thereby opening a band gap.

The study asked the following questions: How do interview and self-report assessments of attachment status correspond? What is the relation between attachment status assessed by these methods to self-reports of relationships with mothers and partners? Participants were 53 married white women assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), and the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), and a variety of questionnaires assessing love, trust, and closeness in relationships with mothers and partners. Results indicated a trend toward a relation between AAI and RQ classifications: 81% of women classified as Secure with the AAI identified themselves as Secure with the RQ, but only 42% of AAI-Insecure women identified themselves as Insecure with the RQ. Secure and Insecure AAI groups did not differ in their reports of mothers or partners, whereas Secure and Insecure RQ groups did. Results indicated classifications derived from the measures are not equivalent.

We report calculations of the electronic properties of helicene molecules. By tuning the radius of the helix and the width of the helix ribbon a helicene can be made semiconducting or metallic. We calculate the I / V characteristic for representatives of selected helicene classes, and analyse their ballistic electronic conductance. For a hybrid metal–semiconductor helicene we show localization of metallic states, and propose the design of a quantum dot based on this phenomenon.