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To alleviate soil deterioration caused by tobacco continuous cropping obstacles, the effect of reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) on soil physicochemical and biological characteristics as well as tobacco growth was investigated through a pot experiment, with four treatments including control (CK), moderate nitrogen fertilizer application (NF), RSD, and RSD coupled with NF (RF). Results showed that soil pH, the content of organic matter, available P and available Fe were significantly increased after using RSD technology. Moreover, RSD technology boosted the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadota (9.0–12.0%), Chloroflexi (4.0–11.0%), and Ascomycota (10.0–12.0%) while decreasing the relative abundance of Mucoromycota (2–4%). Therefore, the biomass and quality of tobacco were also improved after the RSD application. Compared with CK, the biomass of tobacco at the mature stage was increased by 233.7–262.8% by RSD technology, and the chemical coordination (sugar difference, sugar alkali ratio and alkali nitrogen ratio) of the plant was also significantly improved. This study verified the feasibility of RSD technology in repairing soil deterioration caused by tobacco continuous cropping obstacles and provided theoretical and technical support for long-term tobacco production.

Additional file 1: Supplementary Materials and Methods. Fig. S1. CBL0137 exerts antitumor activity by inhibiting FACT function and regulating p53 and NF-κB activity. Fig. S2. CBL0137 induces S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in B-NHL cells. Fig. S3. CBL0137 induces autophagy in human B-NHL cells. Fig. S4. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in SU-DHL-4, Raji, and Jeko-1 cell. Fig. S5. CBL0137 targets NOTCH signaling in B-NHL cells. Fig. S6. CBL0137 showed enhanced effects with rituximab in inhibiting the growth of BL xenograft tumors in vivo. Table S1. Source and identifier of reagents used in this study. Table S2. Source and identifier of antibodies used in this study. Table S3. The primers sequences for qRT-PCR in this study.

Selenium is an essential micronutrient element. For the extremely biotoxic of selenite, Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) is gaining increasing interest. In this work, a selenium-enriched strain with highly selenite-resistant (up to 173 mmol/L) was isolated from the local specialty food of longevity area and identified as Paenibacillus motobuensis (P. motobuensis) LY5201. Most of the SeNPs is accumulated extracellular. SeNPs were around spherical with a diameter of approximately 100 nm. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the purified SeNPs consisted of selenium and proteins. Our results suggested that P. motobuensis LY5201could be a suitable and robust biocatalyst for SeNPs synthesis. In addition, the cytotoxicity effect and the anti-invasive activity of SeNPs on the HepG2 showed an inhibitory effect on HepG2, indicating that SeNPs could be used as a potential anticancer drug.

With the improvement of the material level, the employees of companies do not only pay attention to the level of wages, but rather focus on the happiness that the work induces, the quality of life, and the psychological well-being. Current research on corporate social responsibility has mostly concerned both macroscopic and institutional aspects, and empirical studies that address microscopic aspects of the organization employees are relatively scant. Therefore, it is the aim of this study to investigate whether corporate social responsibility perceived by employees affects subjective well-being, as well as to examine the intermediary mechanism through which employees perceive subjective well-being. Based on the social identity theory, this study establishes a research model that sets corporate social responsibility, organizational identification, and moral identity perceived by employees as antecedent variables of subjective well-being, and uses organizational support as a moderating variable. The survey data used in this study were collected from social media in the form of a questionnaire. The survey used a total of 508 questionnaires for employees of “Haier”, a Chinese home appliance manufacturing company, for one month in September 2022. The conclusions drawn through this study are that, first, corporate social responsibility has a significant positive (+) effect on subjective well-being, and, second, organizational identification mediates the relationship between perceived corporate social responsibility and subjective well-being. Third, moral identity plays a partial mediating role between perceived corporate social responsibility and subjective well-being. Finally, organizational support moderates the relationship between employees’ perceived corporate social responsibility and organizational identification. It is expected that the research result will contribute to better understanding of the mechanism in which perceived corporate social responsibility boosts employees’ subjective well-being, which has huge implications for companies in ways that affect organizational performance as well as corporate loyalty.

Selenium is an essential micronutrient element. For the extremely biotoxic of selenite, Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) is gaining increasing interest. In this work, a selenium-enriched strain with highly selenite-resistant (up to 173 mmol/L) was isolated from the local specialty food of longevity area and identified as Paenibacillus motobuensis (P. motobuensis) LY5201. Most of the SeNPs were accumulated extracellular. SeNPs were around spherical with a diameter of approximately 100 nm. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the purified SeNPs consisted of selenium and proteins. Our results suggested that P. motobuensis LY5201could be a suitable and robust biocatalyst for SeNPs synthesis. In addition, the cytotoxicity effect and the anti-invasive activity of SeNPs on the HepG2 showed an inhibitory effect on HepG2, indicating that SeNPs could be used as a potential anticancer drug.

Heterotrimeric G proteins function as key players in guard cell signaling to many stimuli, including ultraviolet B (UV-B) and ethylene, but whether guard cell G protein signaling is activated by the only one potential G protein-coupled receptor, GCR1, is still unclear. Here, we found that gcr1 null mutants showed defects in UV-B- and ethylene-induced stomatal closure and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells, but these defects could be rescued by the application of a Gα activator or overexpression of a constitutively active form of Gα subunit GPA1 (cGPA1). Moreover, the exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or NO triggered stomatal closure in gcr1 mutants and cGPA1 transgenic plants in the absence or presence of UV-B or ethylene, but exogenous ethylene could not rescue the defect of gcr1 mutants in UV-B-induced stomatal closure, and gcr1 mutants did not affect UV-B-induced ethylene production in Arabidopsis leaves. These results indicate that GCR1 positively controls UV-B- and ethylene-induced stomatal closure by activating GPA1-dependent ROS and NO production in guard cells and that ethylene acts upstream of GCR1 to transduce UV-B guard cell signaling, which establishes the existence of a classic paradigm of G protein signaling in guard cell signaling to UV-B and ethylene.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) play essential roles in guard cell signaling, but whether MPK cascades participate in guard cell ethylene signaling and interact with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), and ethylene-signaling components remain unclear. Here, we report that ethylene activated MPK3 and MPK6 in the leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana as well as ethylene insensitive2 (ein2), ein3, nitrate reductase1 (nia1), and nia2 mutants, but this effect was impaired in ethylene response1 (etr1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase AtrbohF, mpk kinase1 (mkk1), and mkk3 mutants. By contrast, the constitutive triple response1 (ctr1) mutant had constitutively active MPK3 and MPK6. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down assays indicated that MPK3 and MPK6 physically interacted with MKK1, MKK3, and the C-terminal region of EIN2 (EIN2 CEND). mkk1, mkk3, mpk3, and mpk6 mutants had typical levels of ethylene-induced H2 O2 generation but impaired ethylene-induced EIN2 CEND cleavage and nuclear translocation, EIN3 protein accumulation, NO production in guard cells, and stomatal closure. These results show that the MKK1/3-MPK3/6 cascade mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure by functioning downstream of ETR1, CTR1, and H2 O2 to interact with EIN2, thereby promoting EIN3 accumulation and EIN3-dependent NO production in guard cells.

Our previous work using a murine model of pyelonephritis demonstrated that the C5a/C5aR1 axis plays a pathogenic role in acute kidney infection. In this study, we report that the C5a/C5aR1 axis also plays a pathogenic role in acute bladder infection. C5aR1-deficient mice had reduced bladder bacterial load and attenuated bladder tissue injury, which is associated with reduced expression of terminal α-mannosyl residues (Man) (a potential ligand for type 1 fimbriae of E. coli) at the luminal surface of the bladder epithelium and reduced early bacterial colonization of the bladder. In vitro, C5a stimulation enhanced mannose expression in and facilitated bacterial adhesion/colonization to human bladder epithelial cells. C5a stimulation also upregulated the activation of ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling and gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., Il6, Il1b, Cxcl1, Ccl2) in the epithelial cells, which could drive pro-inflammatory responses leading to tissue injury. Administration of the C5aR1 antagonist effectively reduced bladder bacterial load and tissue injury. Thus, our findings demonstrate a previously unknown pathogenic role for the C5a/C5aR1 axis in bladder infection and suggest that the C5a/C5aR1 axis-mediated upregulation of Man expression, enhancement of bacterial adhesion/colonization, and excessive inflammatory responses contribute to acute bladder infection. These findings improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of bladder infection with therapeutic implications for UTI.

Scale variation is one of the major challenges in object detection task. Modern region-based object detection architectures often adopt Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) as feature extraction neck to achieve multi-scale feature representation in solving scale variation problem. However, due to the rough feature selection strategy in Region of Interest (RoI) feature extraction step, these methods might not perform well on object detection under strong scale variation. In this work, we are motivated by the limitations of current FPN-based two-stage object detectors and then present a novel module, namely scale-aware feature selective (SAFS) module, that flexibly and adaptively selects feature levels in two-stage object detectors. Specifically, we firstly build the RoI Pyramid in standard FPN structure to extract RoI features from various scale levels. Next, in order to achieve scale-aware mechanism for solving scale variation issue, we develop a novel weighting gate function containing one set of trainable parameters to automatically learn the fusion weight for each RoI feature level, which relieves the limitation of hard feature selection strategy guided by online instance size. Outputs from the RoI features with the learned weights are fused for classification and bounding box regression. Furthermore, we design a multi-level SAFS architecture to obtain different types of RoI feature combinations that ensures our method is more robust to various instance scales. Experimental results show that our SAFS module is very compatible with most of two-stage object detectors and could achieve state-of-the-art results with Average Precision of 48.3 on COCO test-dev and other popular object detection benchmarks. Our code will be made publicly available.

The song dynasty (960-1279) in Chinese history is divided into two stages: the Northern and southern song, and includes a total of eighteen emperors who reigned for a total of three hundred and nineteen years. The song dynasty attached great importance to literature and despised force. The song dynasty era is an era of prosperity for China’s commodity economy, culture, education, science. The song dynasty’s “Ci” genre is a kind of musical literature. The full name of the genre is “song dynasty Ci”, abbreviated as “Ci”. The song dynasty Ci are an integral treasure of Chinese culture and are cultural symbols of the era that cannot be ignored.

Supplemental material, sj-doc-1-tag-10.1177_17562848221104365 for Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the in-hospital outcome of COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study by Haijuan Yao, Hongyu Li, Zhuang Ma, Yanyan Wu, Yufu Tang, Hao Meng, Hao Yu, Chengfei Peng, Yue Teng, Quanyu Zhang, Tianyi Zhu, Haitao Zhao, Guiyang Chu, Zhenhua Tong, Lu Liu, Hui Lu and Xingshun Qi in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a chronic neurological disorder that is often resistant to antiepileptic drugs. The pathogenesis of TLE is extremely complicated and remains elusive. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying TLE is crucial for its diagnosis and treatment. In the present study, a lithium-pilocarpine-induced TLE model was employed to reveal the pathological changes of hippocampus in rats. Hippocampal samples were taken for proteomic analysis at 2 weeks after the onset of spontaneous seizure (a chronic stage of epileptogenesis). Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantization (iTRAQ) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) technique was applied for proteomic analysis of hippocampus. A total of 4173 proteins were identified from the hippocampi of epileptic rats and its control, of which 27 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained with a fold change > 1.5 and P < 0.05 . Bioinformatics analysis indicated 27 DEPs were mainly enriched in “regulation of synaptic plasticity and structure” and “calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity,” which implicate synaptic remodeling may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of TLE. Consequently, the synaptic plasticity-related proteins and synaptic structure were investigated to verify it. It has been demonstrated that CaMKII-α, CaMKII-β, and GFAP were significant upregulated coincidently with proteomic analysis in the hippocampus of TLE rats. Moreover, the increased dendritic spines and hippocampal sclerosis further proved that synaptic plasticity involves in the development of TLE. The present study may help to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis and provide a basis for further studies on synaptic plasticity in TLE.

The Oily sludge with high water content (OS) was dewatered, modified and converted into solid fuel by a novel chemical conditioner (OSO-101). The effect of OSO-101 dosage on the dewaterability of OS was studied, showing that OSO-101 dosage of 15% (wt.) could achieve the best dewaterability efficiency of OS (98.18%). Meanwhile, compared with some conventional conditioners, OSO-101 developed by our team was more effective in improving OS dewaterability efficiency. And OSO-101 may have free radical reaction, polar reaction and redox reaction with petroleum hydrocarbons in OS, thereby polymerizing and forming condensed solid structures. The calorific value change of OS after conditioning, heavy metal content and dioxins content of fly ash leached from incinerated product were measured for resource analysis and environmental assessment. Results showed that the resultant OS fuel blocks had extremely low content of heavy metals, dioxins and other toxic and hazardous substances leached from fly ash, thereby no secondary treatment and fully meeting environmental protection emission standards. Additionally, OSO-101 had certain economic rationality, and could effectively recover the calorific value contained in OS. This research is expected to provide new insights for efficient dewaterability and modification of OS, as well as subsequent resource utilization and harmless treatment, bringing potential environmental and economic benefits.

In the North China Plain (NCP), groundwater is an important source of water supply and plays a pivotal role in social and economic development. This study investigated the hydrochemical characteristics and genetic mechanism of groundwater in the southeastern part of the NCP using hydrogeochemical and GIS methods, and evaluated groundwater quality using the entropy weighted water quality index (EWQI). To this end, groundwater quality data were collected from 47 locations in 2016 (dry season) and 2017 (wet season). The results showed that the main anion and cation in groundwater in the study area are Na+ and HCO3−. The pH value of all the water samples exceeded 7, and most of the samples were classified as hard-brackish water. In terms of the spatial distribution, areas with relatively high values of the main components (TH, TDS, NO3−, Na+, Cl− and SO42−) of groundwater were mainly distributed in the northeast of the study area and east of Liaocheng. According to the Piper diagram, the groundwater can be mainly classified as HCO3-Ca, Cl-Na, and mixed types. The hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater is mainly controlled by rock weathering (silicates, carbonates and sulfates), and affected significantly by evaporation and cation exchange processes, and to a certain extent by anthropogenic inputs. According to the EWQI, groundwater quality in the study area can be mainly divided into good water and poor water. In addition, the range of areas with very poor water was significantly larger in 2017 than in 2016.

Teng-Yue Zhao,* Ji-Qiang Bu,* Jian-Jun Gu, Yu Liu, Wen-Li Zhang, Zi-Ying Chen Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zi-Ying ChenDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 15803210520Fax +86 3116188269Email chenzy_de@163.comObjective: This study aimed to examine the short-term effect of the no-touch technique on the patency rate of a great saphenous vein (GSV) bridge used during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).Methods: Between June 2018 and September 2020, 140 patients undergoing OPCABG, with grafts obtained from the GSV using the “no-touch” technique or the left internal mammary artery (LIMA), were enrolled in this study. The early clinical results and short-term patency rate of the OPCABG were evaluated at a three-month follow-up by comparing the patency rate of the LIMA bridge and the GSV bridge obtained by the no-touch technique. This study also analyzed the impacts of the postoperative complications of the lower limbs and the distribution area of diseased vessels on the patency rate of a GSV bridge obtained by the no-touch technique at an early stage.Results: No perioperative death or adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events occurred in the 140 patients undergoing OPCABG. The difference in the early patency rate between the GSV bridge obtained by the no-touch technique and the LIMA bridge was not statistically significant (95.9% vs 97.1%, p = 0.501). There was no significant difference in the patency rate between an end-to-side anastomosed venous bridge and a LIMA bridge (95.0% [248/261] vs 97.1% [136/140], p = 0.314). The overall patency rate of a no-touch vein bridge in the right coronary artery region was lower than it was in the left coronary artery region (93.8% [165/176] vs 97.9% [183/187], p = 0.049).Conclusion: The no-touch technique may improve the early patency rate of a GSV bridge, and its effect is similar to that of a LIMA bridge.Keywords: off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, no-touch technique, great saphenous vein, left internal mammary artery

Background and Purpose: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common chronic neurological disease that is often invulnerable to anti-epileptic drugs. Increasing data have demonstrated that acetylcholine (ACh) and cholinergic neurotransmission are involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Cytisine, a full agonist of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) and a partial agonist of α4β2nAChRs, has been widely applied for smoking cessation and has shown neuroprotection in neurological diseases. However, whether cytisine plays a role in treating TLE has not yet been determined.Experimental Approach: In this study, cytisine was injected intraperitoneally into pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats for three weeks. Alpha-bungarotoxin (α-bgt), a specific α7nAChR antagonist, was used to evaluate the mechanism of action of cytisine. Rats were assayed for the occurrence of seizures and cognitive function by video surveillance and Morris water maze. Hippocampal injuries and synaptic structure were assessed by Nissl staining and Golgi staining. Furthermore, levels of glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), ACh, and α7nAChRs were measured.Results: Cytisine significantly reduced seizures and hippocampal damage while improving cognition and inhibiting synaptic remodeling in TLE rats. Additionally, cytisine decreased glutamate levels without altering GABA levels, and increased ACh levels and α7nAChR expression in the hippocampi of TLE rats. α-bgt antagonized the above-mentioned effects of cytisine treatment.Conclusion and Implications: Taken together, these findings indicate that cytisine exerted an anti-epileptic and neuroprotective effect in TLE rats via activation of α7nAChRs, which was associated with a decrease in glutamate levels, inhibition of synaptic remodeling, and improvement of cholinergic transmission in the hippocampus. Hence, our findings not only suggest that cytisine represents a promising anti-epileptic drug, but provides evidence of α7nAChRs as a novel therapeutic target for TLE.

Vocal music is a combination of artistic language and musical sound that create vivid melodic and poetic patterns. With the help of words and sounds romances and songs richly express people’s thoughts and feeling. Song is a special language of mankind, one of the most important genres in the art of music. The art of vocal music is of great interest and it does not depend on age. In particular, the age level of children who start learning music becomes lower. The high importance of the continuing education has resulted into the creation of additional requirements for educational institutions and education quality of singing teachers. The academic experience shows that voice instructors not only teach music and vocal skills but also conduct researches within the educational and developmental psychology.The purpose of the article is to analyze the process of teaching young students vocal music as a stimulating and teaching method including creation of effective training programs in the area of vocal music. Vocal courses should both attract students’ attention and enjoy them, therefor the teacher is supposed to be empathetic towards students in the process of teaching.

The decision-making system in Prefabrication Housing Production (PHP) lacks efficiency and collaboration because relevant information is stored and managed in heterogeneous systems of various stakeholders, who are commonly geographically isolated. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has advantages of combining its object-oriented attributes and the production-oriented characteristics of PHP to support decision-making and collaborative working for raising working efficiency. Given the emerging recognition of BIM and PHP, an integrated conceptual framework based on existing studies is needed in order to facilitate their recognition and guide future research. Based on a critical review of 65 papers published in the peer-reviewed journals from 2005 to 2017, a conceptual framework is proposed for the integration of BIM and PHP. The framework involves three pillars, including smart BIM platform (SBP), smart work packages (SWPs), and smart PHP objects (SPOs). A gateway with interoperability function is created between the three pillars to facilitate the communication and interaction with the central database. The results can help develop the system architecture of BIM and PHP, which can then be used to benefit various stakeholders to facilitate the integration.

Bacteria with the smallest genome contain genes necessary for self-sustaining replication only, giving the organisms advantages to serve as a potential industrial production platform. Many strains with reduced genomes have been constructed, owing to the development of high-throughput DNA sequencing and synthesis technology. This review first describes the concept of minimal genomes, summarizes the relevant research progress of bacterial essential genes, then systematically lists the work related to artificial reduction and synthesis of bacterial genomes, finally discusses the technical obstacles and limitations encountered in the process of designing and constructing reduced genomes, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the experiment and application of artificially synthesized genomes.具有最小基因组的细菌只包含维持自我生命复制所必需的基因,其作为一种潜在的工业生产平台具有诸多优势。由于高通量DNA测序和合成技术的发展,目前已经构建了多种缩减基因组的菌株。本文首先介绍了最小基因组的概念,其次总结了细菌必需基因的相关研究进展,然后梳理了人工缩减与合成微生物基因组的相关工作,最后探讨了在设计和组装基因组的过程中遇到的技术障碍和限制,以期为人工合成基因组的实验与应用提供理论参考。.

Additional file 11: Table S1. A total of 60 ferroptosis-associated genes (FAGs).

Additional file 2. Traditional classification of systemic cold injury.

Additional file 17: Table S7. The detail comparison results of the correlation between tumor-infiltrating immune cells and riskScore.

Additional file 3. Statistics of patients hospitalized with cold injury in Finland.

Additional file 16: Table S6. The regression coefficients and HR of four ferroptosis-associated genes (FAGs) according to the multiple stepwise Cox regression analysis.

As an example of Shenyi capsule on non-small-cell lung cancer combined with chemotherapy, this review discusses the synergistic effect and mechanism of natural drugs in oncotherapy from the yin-yang perspective in ancient Chinese philosophy, so as to reflect the therapeutic principle of natural drugs for tumor more comprehensively. The major focuses of this review are on the philosophical thinking of yin-yang as a tool which can not only explain the effect of Shenyi capsule in NSCLC combined with chemotherapy but also explore the mechanism of Shenyi capsule at the cellular and molecular level. Learning from the “yin-yang” thinking of ancient Chinese philosophy will bring more enlightenment to the research and development of traditional Chinese drugs in the future.

Objective: Collectin 11 (CL-11) is a soluble C-type lectin, a mediator of innate immunity. Its role in autoimmune disorders is unknown. We undertook this study to determine the role of CL-11 in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: A murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was used and combined two approaches, including gene deletion of Colec11 and treatment with recombinant CL-11 (rCL-11). Joint inflammation and tissue destruction, circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines, and adaptive immune responses were assessed in mice with CIA. Splenic CD11c+ cells were used to examine the influence of CL-11 on antigen-presenting cell (APC) function. Serum CL-11 levels in RA patients were also examined. Results: Colec11 −/− mice developed more severe arthritis than wild-type mice, as determined by disease incidence, clinical arthritis scores, and histopathology (P < 0.05). Disease severity was associated with significantly enhanced APC activation, Th1/Th17 responses, pathogenic IgG2a production and joint inflammation, as well as elevated circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines. In vitro analysis of CD11c+ cells revealed that CL-11 is critical for suppression of APC activation and function. Pharmacologic treatment of mice with rCL-11 reduced the severity of CIA in mice. Analysis of human blood samples revealed that serum CL-11 levels were lower in RA patients (n = 51) compared to healthy controls (n = 53). Reduction in serum CL-11 was inversely associated with the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein level (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate a novel role of CL-11 in protection against RA, suggesting that the underlying mechanism involves suppression of APC activation and subsequent T cell responses.

Additional file 13: Table S3. GO analysis of differently expressed ferroptosis -related genes.

Additional file 14: Table S4. KEGG analysis of differently expressed ferroptosis-associated genes.

Additional file 12: Table S2. Clinical characteristics of BLCA patients in the TCGA cohort.

Additional file 1. Staging of local freezing cold injury (refers to burn grade).

Additional file 15: Table S5. The individual HR and P value of ferroptosis-associated genes (FAGs) in the TCGA dataset according to the univariate Cox analysis.

Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that C3aR (C3a anaphylatoxin receptor) signaling has protective roles in various inflammatory-related diseases. However, its role in atherosclerosis has been unknown. The purpose of the study was to investigate the possible protective role of C3aR in aortic atherosclerosis and explore molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the protection. Approach and Results: C3ar −/− /Apoe −/− mice were generated by cross-breeding of atherosclerosis-prone Apoe −/− mice and C3ar −/− mice. C3ar −/− /Apoe −/− mice and Apoe −/− mice (as a control) underwent high-fat diet for 16 weeks were assessed for (1) atherosclerotic plaque burden, (2) aortic tissue inflammation, (3) recruitment of CD11b + leukocytes into atherosclerotic lesions, and (4) systemic inflammatory responses. Compared with Apoe −/− mice, C3ar −/− /Apoe −/− mice developed more severe atherosclerosis. In addition, C3ar −/− /Apoe −/− mice have increased local production of proinflammatory mediators (eg, CCL2 [chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2], TNF [tumor necrosis factor]-α) and infiltration of monocyte/macrophage in aortic tissue, and their lesional macrophages displayed an M1-like phenotype. Local pathological changes were associated with enhanced systemic inflammatory responses (ie, elevated plasma levels of CCL2 and TNF-α, increased circulating inflammatory cells). In vitro analyses using peritoneal macrophages showed that C3a stimulation resulted in upregulation of M2-associated signaling and molecules, but suppression of M1-associated signaling and molecules, supporting the roles of C3a/C3aR axis in mediating anti-inflammatory response and promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate a protective role for C3aR in the development of atherosclerosis and suggest that C3aR confers the protection through C3a/C3aR axis–mediated negative regulation of proinflammatory responses and modulation of macrophage toward the anti-inflammatory phenotype.

Background: Decision-making regarding biochemical recurrence (BCR) in localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients after radical prostatectomy (RP) mainly relies on clinicopathological parameters with a low predictive accuracy. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that immune-associated genes (IAGs) play irreplaceable roles in tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis. Considering the critical role of immune in PCa, we therefore attempted to identify the novel IAGs signature and validate its prognostic value that can better forecast the risk for BCR and guide clinical treatment. Methods: RNA-sequencing and corresponding clinicopathological data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to screen out the candidate module closely related to BCR, and univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses were performed to build the gene signature. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, time-dependent receiver operating curve (ROC), independent prognostic analysis and nomogram were also applied to evaluate the prognostic value of the signature. Besides, Gene ontology analysis (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to explore potential biological pathways. Results: A total of six IAGs (SSTR1, NFATC3, NRP1, TUBB3, IL1R1, GDF15) were eventually identified and used to establish a novel IAGs signature. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with low-risk scores had longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) than those with high-risk scores in both GSE70769 and TCGA cohorts. Further, our signature was also proven to be a valuable independent prognostic factor for BCR. We also constructed a nomogram based on the gene signature and related clinicopathologic features, which excellently predict 1-year, 3-year and 5-year prognosis of localized PCa patients after RP. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis demonstrated the vital biological processes, and stratified GSEA revealed that a crucial immune-related pathway (T cell receptor signaling pathway) was notably enriched in the high-risk group. Conclusions: We successfully developed a novel robust IAGs signature that is powerful in BCR prediction in localized PCa patients after RP, and created a prognostic nomogram. In addition, the signature might help clinicians in selecting high-risk subpopulation, predicting survival status of patients and promoting more individualized therapies than traditional clinical factors.

Lactobacillus plantarum LP104 was isolated with excellent antioxidant properties from kimchi. In order to evaluate the role of LP104 in improving hyperlipidemia in high-fat-diet mice, C57BL/6N mice were randomly assigned into three groups treated with different diets: normal chow (Control), HFD, and HFD with L. plantarum LP104. After eight weeks, L. plantarum LP104 treatment significantly reduced HFD-induced body weight gain and the levels of serum or liver TC, TG, LDL, ALT, AST, LPS and TNF-α, and elevated liver HDL levels. The liver lipid accumulation was decreased in L. plantarum LP104 group. L. plantarum LP104 could activate the AMPK/Nrf2/CYP2E1 related pathway and regulate expressions of related proteins by using western blotting. Therefore, L. plantarum LP104 will improve hyperlipidemia, liver metabolic disorders, and liver oxidative stress response.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., The rationale for our study was to investigate the pathophysiology of microvascular injury in patients with acute ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction in relation to a history of hypertension. We undertook a cohort study using invasive and noninvasive measures of microvascular injury, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 2 days and 6 months, and assessed health outcomes in the longer term. Three hundred twenty-four patients with acute myocardial infarction (mean age, 59 [12] years; blood pressure, 135 [25] / 79 [14] mm Hg; 237 [73%] male, 105 [32%] with antecedent hypertension) were prospectively enrolled during emergency percutaneous coronary intervention. Compared with patients without antecedent hypertension, patients with hypertension were older (63 [12] years versus 57 [11] years; P

Epoxy resin composites filled with alumina (Al2O3) particles of different morphology and content were fabricated by vacuum casting method. Electric and thermal properties of the composites were tested at room temperature to investigate the influence of Al2O3 morphology on epoxy resin composites. Electrical tests demonstrated that, volume resistivity of epoxy resin composites filled with spherical Al2O3 was bigger than with spherical-like Al2O3, relative permittivity and dielectric loss of epoxy resin composites increased with increasing of Al2O3 content, the effect on dielectric properties of spherical-like Al2O3, which had larger specific surface areas, was larger than spherical Al2O3 for the same content of filler. Thermal conductivity tests proved that, at the same content, thermal conductivity of epoxy resin composites filled with spherical-like Al2O3 was higher than with spherical Al2O3. According to the Agari model, spherical-like Al2O3 particles were easier to form conducting pathways in epoxy resin composites than spherical Al2O3 particles, considering their matte edges.

For path planning and program generation of multi-type holes, this paper presents a method of the path planning, by using the improved genetic algorithm based on chaos algorithm, and develops an interactive programming system for multi-type holes. Users can choose regular holes, and input the parameters and the necessary information, according to their needs. Then the system will combine holes automatically, and calculate the position coordinates of each hole. After that the path planning is carried out by using the improved genetic algorithm. Finally, the system carries out the simulation experiment of the path planning, and outputs NC program. Experiment shows the system can realize the path planning of multi-type holes by a combination of regular holes and generate the NC code after path planning. The optimization of path is better and the operation is more convenient than UG and other professional CAM software.

Air permeability is crucial to nanofibrous membrane applications, such as in wound dressing and membrane distillation. Herein, hierarchical structure membrane is prepared layer by layer with different fiber diameters, using electrospinning method. The results showed that with different layer arrangement results in different air permeability, and optimal condition is found.

There are multiple categories of agricultural pests, which poses great challenges to accurate pest recognition. Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) are effective in pest detection due to their powerful feature extraction capabilities. However, for small agricultural pests with few inter-class physical variations, the DCNNs extract fewer effective features, and thus perform poorly. To address this problem, we propose a CRA-Net, which includes a channel recalibration feature pyramid network (CRFPN) and an adaptive anchor (AA) module. CRFPN can capture discriminative features, which significantly improves recognition accuracy and localization with regard to small pests, while the AA module can correct the inefficient matching of anchor and ground truth boxes. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, several experiments were conducted using our constructed large-scale, multi-category pest dataset. These results demonstrate that our method achieves 67.9% average precision (AP), outperforming other state-of-the-art methods.

In this study, spinel-type MnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles were successfully synthesized employing the purified sol–gel method and used for the advanced treatment of biologically pretreated semi-coking wastewater (BPSCW) by the O3/H2O2 catalytic system. Results showed that the MnFe2O4 magnetic catalysts did not have a regular surface morphology, and their surface contained numerous fine particles that showed a particle accumulation state and formed a good nano-spinel structure. Their surface morphology, ratio, size, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed two active metal elements in the catalyst, namely, Fe3+ and Mn2+, which were consistent with the elemental composition and valence of MnFe2O4. Under optimal reaction conditions, the removal efficiency of O3/H2O2/MnFe2O4 catalytic system for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile phenol (VP) can reach 85.2% and 94.1%, respectively (catalyst dosage = 2.0 g∙L−1, O3 dosage = 1.2 mg∙min−1, H2O2 concentration = 0.15 mol∙L−1, pH = 7.0, and treatment time = 70 min). The free radical quenching experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiment verified that hydroxyl radicals (∙OH) played a role in the deep treatment of BPSCW in the O3/H2O2/MnFe2O4 catalytic system. Phosphate experiments proved that lewis acid sites on the surface of the MnFe2O4 magnetic catalysts were the catalytically active sites. The superparamagnetic properties of the MnFe2O4 magnetic catalysts (67.8 emu∙g−1) facilitated magnetic separation from the treated wastewater. After 10 cycles, the activity of the MnFe2O4 magnetic catalysts remained high, and the removal efficiencies of COD and VP only decreased by 13.6% and 11.9%, respectively. Considering excellent degradation performance, easy magnetic separation and high stability, this study provided important insights into the practical application of the O3/H2O2 catalytic system for the advanced treatment of BPSCW.

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have made enormous progress in recent years. However, OSCs still suffer from the low price–quality ratio since the complex synthesis of photovoltaic materials and the poor stability of the devices. Comparing with traditional large conjugated ladder-type non-fullerene acceptors, the unfused-ring acceptors with non-covalent intramolecular interactions could notably simplify the synthetic routes while maintaining the device performance. Here, we designed and synthesized two A 1-D-A2-D-A1 type non-fullerene acceptors named BDTC-F and BDTC-Cl based on 1,3-bis(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-benzo[1,2-c:4,5c']dithiophene-4,8-dione (BDD) as A2 unit. With cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene functions as the D unit, the weak O⋯S interaction between A2 and D units is formed, which reduces the torsion angle between them and increases the planarity of the molecular backbone. Furthermore, the participation of BDD could deepen the energy levels of these two acceptors, makes it possible to decrease the energy loss of the corresponding devices. When blending with polymer donor PM6, devices based on both acceptors exhibit PCEs over 10% with low energy losses of 0.59 and 0.57 eV for BDTC-F and BDTC-Cl, respectively. Moreover, the devices based on PM6:BDTC-F and PM6:BDTC-Cl demonstrate excellent air stability. After stored in the ambient atmosphere without encapsulation for 1,200 h, devices based on these two acceptors retained over 96% of their initial PCEs. These results demonstrate that designing the A1-D-A2-D-A1 type acceptor with non-covalent intramolecular interactions is an effective strategy to construct low-cost and air-stable OSCs.

Significant progresses have been made on organic solar cells (OSCs) in last few years, but the industrialization of OSCs is still hindered by high cost and poor device stability. Recently, the most successful OSCs are usually based on fused-ring small molecule non-fullerene acceptors (SM-NFAs) which often involve multiple complex synthetic steps and result in low overall yields and high cost. Herein, two easily accessible non-fused NFAs based on BT, CPDT and IC with different halogen atoms named BT-F and BT-Cl were designed and synthesized. Non-covalent interactions or conformation locks between BT and adjacent CPDT units provided planar conformations, which is beneficial for molecular packing and charge transport. When blended with low cost polymer donor PTQ-10, optimal devices based on BT-F provided a PCE of 8.26%. A higher PCE of 8.65% was obtained from BT-Cl-based devices. Low voltage loss of 0.57 and 0.59 V were observed for BT-F- and BT-Cl-based devices. It is noteworthy that devices based on PTQ-10:BT-F and PTQ-10:BT-Cl exhibited excellent stabilities when stored in ambient atmosphere for 10 days without encapsulation. This work demonstrates an example of pursuing low cost OSCs with excellent air stability.

Triclosan (TCS), as a kind of broad spectrum antimicrobial agent, is widely used in personal care products. However, its effectiveness and safety are met with much skepticism. High exposure of TCS to the environment poses a potential threat to ecological safety and human health. In this article, we investigated the interaction between TCS and the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) using spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking technologies. The experimental results showed that TCS could bind into the central cavity of CAT with one binding site to form a TCS–CAT complex, and the main force was the hydrophobic effect. The interaction made some changes to the conformation and micro-environment of CAT and inhibited the activity of CAT. This work explored the interaction between TCS and CAT at the molecular level, which could help us to understand the toxicity mechanism of TCS and provide a reference for pollutant toxicity assessments.

The enrichment of copper from copper–cyanide wastewater by solvent extraction was investigated using a quaternary ammonium salt as an extractant. The influences of important parameters, e.g., organic-phase components, aqueous pH values, temperature, inorganic anion impurities, CN/Cu molar ratio, and stripping reagents, were examined systematically, and the optimal conditions were determined. The results indicated that copper was effectively concentrated from low-concentration solutions using Aliquat 336 and that the extraction efficiency increased linearly with increasing temperature. The aqueous pH value and concentrations of inorganic anion impurities only weakly affected the extraction process when varied in appropriate ranges. The CN/Cu molar ratio affected the extraction efficiency by changing the distribution of copper–cyanide complexes. The difference in gold leaching efficiency between using raffinate and fresh water was negligible.

The use of Napier grass to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil is a new phytoremediation technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) to remediate Cd- and Zn-contaminated cultivated soil under nonmowing and mowing and the possibility of safe utilization of the stem and leaf after detoxification by liquid extraction. Three Napier grass varieties, P. purpureum cv. Mott (PM), P. purpureum cv. Red (PR), and P. purpureum cv. Guiminyin (PG), were planted in a field with 3.74 mg kg−1 Cd and 321.26 mg kg−1 Zn for 180 days. The maximum amounts of Cd and Zn removed by PG were 197.5 and 5023.9 g ha−1, respectively, almost equaling those of hyperaccumulators. Compared with nonmowing, mowing did not decrease the Cd and Zn contents in various tissues but increased the biomasses of PM, PR, and PG by 86.6%, 18.9%, and 26.1%, respectively. Compared with nonmowing, the amounts of Cd removed by PM, PR, and PG under mowing increased by 110.5%, 40.0%, and 107.9%, respectively, and that of Zn increased by 63.0%, 53.1%, and 71.6%. The dominant Cd and Zn chemical fractions in Napier grass were the pectate- and protein-integrated fractions. After liquid extraction, although the nutrient element (Ca, K, Mg, and Mn) contents in the stem and leaf were reduced significantly, the Cd and Zn contents decreased below the limit of the Chinese Hygienic Standard for Feeds, and the crude protein content was largely retained. Such detoxified stems and leaves can be safely used as feeds or as raw materials for energy production.

In the renewable resource recycling market, the recycling price is a key factor which can influence the recycling market. The price prediction of renewable resources is important, which is helpful to guide the development of the market. However, it is difficult to make accurate predictions because the data of recycling prices is highly random and complex. Moreover, there is a time lag between the predicted prices and the accurate prices. In this paper, we propose a combined model to solve these problems. Our model decomposes the prediction into two parts: trend price prediction with Moving Average (MA) and residual price prediction with Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network. Evaluations on a real-world dataset show that our model outperforms those classical prediction models with the error reduced by over 70% and solves the time lag problem.