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For smart cities, the successful large-scale implementation of solar PV technology, Quality Certification and Standards are mandatory. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a global organization for standardization consisting of all IEC national committees. The IEC PV standards comprise IEC technical committee 82 solar PV Energy System (IEC TC82) which develops and adopts all Photovoltaic related standards. There are nearly 80 standards applicable to photovoltaic and five working groups in IEC TC82. For necessary safety requirements ‘Quality and Standards’ technologically need to be revised and up to date. This paper presents PV standards developed by various technical committees worldwide, mainly focusing on various IEC PV standards, gaps identified by them and the recommendations provided by the committee in recent times. The breakup costs of the various sub-systems of a PV installation with an illustrative example for India is also discussed. It is intended to provide a guideline for consumers and investors, opting for solar PV installations.

A metrological technical specification for the purity assessment of organic pure substance certified reference materials (CRMs) in China was formulated based on the practical experience from CRM developers, comments from experts, the “IUPAC Organic Purity Technical Report—Methods for the SI Value Assignment of the Purity of Organic Compounds”, and other references. After review by the national metrological technical committee for reference material and other experts in China, the specification was issued as JJF 1855–2020 in 2020. The specification describes the principles, requirements and practical guidelines for the purity assessment of organic pure substance CRMs, such as mass balance, quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, coulometry, titrimetry and external standard calibration. It also describes the combination for results and uncertainties for different methods. In which, the classification of mass balance method into three types and the combination approach of value and uncertainty, especially suitable for the purity assessment are firstly introduced. The introduction of the consideration during formulation for each important section in the specification is inspirational and instructive to developers of organic pure substance CRMs around the world.

We present a hypothetical case study to examine the use of a next-generation framework developed by the Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee of the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute for assessing the potential risk of genetic damage from a pharmaceutical perspective. We used etoposide, a genotoxic carcinogen, as a representative pharmaceutical for the purposes of this case study. Using the framework as guidance, we formulated a hypothetical scenario for the use of etoposide to illustrate the application of the framework to pharmaceuticals. We collected available data on etoposide considered relevant for assessment of genetic toxicity risk. From the data collected, we conducted a quantitative analysis to estimate margins of exposure (MOEs) to characterize the risk of genetic damage that could be used for decision-making regarding the predefined hypothetical use. We found the framework useful for guiding the selection of appropriate tests and selecting relevant endpoints that reflected the potential for genetic damage in patients. The risk characterization, presented as MOEs, allows decision makers to discern how much benefit is critical to balance any adverse effect(s) that may be induced by the pharmaceutical. Interestingly, pharmaceutical development already incorporates several aspects of the framework per regulations and health authority expectations. Moreover, we observed that quality dose response data can be obtained with carefully planned but routinely conducted genetic toxicity testing. This case study demonstrates the utility of the next-generation framework to quantitatively model human risk based on genetic damage, as applicable to pharmaceuticals.

The Technical Committee on Biological and Medical Measurements (TC-25) aims at establishing, developing, promoting and supporting cooperation among researchers in the different fields of biological and medical measurements. Sensors for the measurement of clinical and/ or biological parameters, instrument and procedure characterization, instrument interoperability and interconnection, and data processing are some of the topics of interest to the TC-25. To those aims, the technical committee designs and realizes joint activities, like study groups aimed at standardization, such as the Subcommittee on Blood Pressure Measurement (SCOBPM); conferences or special sessions, such as the IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA); and several special sessions during the annual IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technical Conferences. TC-25 is also continuously engaged to maintain liaisons with other committees, groups, societies and organizations working on topics related to the TC scope. This paper presents the latest updates about the main activities of the TC-25. Some information about the TC-25 activities and targets is briefly presented, then the objectives and the efforts of the SCOBPM are summarized, and finally, the history and latest updates of our main conference, the MeMeA Symposium, are reported.

The IEEE Technical Committee 10 (TC-10), the Waveform Generation, Measurement, and Analysis Committee of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement (IM IEEE Std 1057–2017, Standard for Digitizing Waveform Recorders [2]; IEEE Std 1241–2010, Standard for Terminology and Test Methods for Ana-log-to-Digital Converters [3]; IEEE Std 658–2011, Standard for Terminology and Test Methods for Digital-to-Analog Converters [4]; the IEEE Std 1696–2013, Standard for Terminology and Test Methods for Circuit Probes [5]; and the IEEE Std 2414–2020, Standard for Jitter and Phase Noise [6]. Additional information on these standards can be found in [7].

This is article provides an overview of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society Technical Committee TC-22 on Intelligent Measurement Systems (https://ieee-ims.org/technical-committee/tc-22). The scope of the TC-22 is related to fostering development and use of artificial intelligence, computational intelligence, and soft computing in measurement systems and related applications [1]–[3].

This article reports on the development of usability engineering recommendations for next-generation integrated interoperable medical devices. A model-based hazard analysis method is used to reason about possible design anomalies in interoperability functions that could lead to use errors. Design recommendations are identified that can mitigate design problems. An example application of the method is presented based on an integrated medical system prototype for postoperative care. The AAMI/UL technical committee used the results of the described analysis to inform the creation of the Interoperability Usability Concepts, Annex J, which is included in the first edition of the new ANSI/AAMI/UL 2800-1:2019 standard on medical device interoperability. The presented work is valuable to experts developing future revisions of the interoperability standard, as it documents key aspects of the analysis method used to create part of the standard. The contribution is also valuable to manufacturers, as it demonstrates how to perform a model-based analysis of use-related aspects of a medical system at the early stages of development, when a concrete implementation of the system is not yet available.

Presents the activities and events sponsored by the MMTS Microwave High-Power Techniques Technical Committee.

Using some nearly forgotten facts, this article reviews the origins of the IEEE Computer Society and the first Technical Committee on Electronic Computers, established about 10 years after the revolutionary invention of electronic digital computing.

Purpose The following article is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry PhD and innovator regarding his pioneering efforts. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The interviewee is Dr Nabil Simaan, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science and Otolaryngology at Vanderbilt University. He is also director of Vanderbilt’s Advanced Robotics and Mechanism Applications Research Laboratory. In this interview, Simaan shares his unique perspective and approaches on his journey of trying to solve real-world problems in the medical robotics area. Findings Simaan received his BSc, MSc and PhD in mechanical engineering from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. He served as Postdoctoral Research Scientist in Computer Science at Johns Hopkins University. In 2005, he joined Columbia University, New York, NY, as an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering until 2010, when he joined Vanderbilt. His current applied research interests include synthesis of novel robotic systems for surgical assistance in confined spaces with applications to minimally invasive surgery of the throat, natural orifice surgery, cochlear implant surgery and dexterous bimanual microsurgery. Theoretical aspects of his research include robot design and kinematics. Originality/value Dr Simaan is a leading pioneer on designing robotic systems and mechanisms for medical applications. Examples include technologies for snake robots licensed to Intuitive Surgical; technologies for micro-surgery of the retina, which led to the formation of AURIS Surgical Robotics; the insertable robotic effector platform (IREP) single-port surgery robot that served as the research prototype behind the Titan Medical Inc. Sport (Single Port Orifice Robotic Technology). Simaan received the NSF Career award for young investigators to design new algorithms and robots for safe interaction with the anatomy. He has served as the Editor for IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Associate Editor for IEEE Transactions on Robotics, Editorial Board Member of Robotica, Area Chair for Robotics Science and Systems and corresponding Co-chair for the IEEE Technical Committee on Surgical Robotics. In January 2020, he was bestowed the award of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Fellow for Robotics Advancements. At the end of 2020, he was named a top voice in health-care robotics by technology discovery platform InsightMonk and market intelligence firm BIS Research. Simaan holds 15 patents. A producer of human capital, his education goal is to achieve the best possible outcome with every student he works with.

This special issue of PRIA is devoted to some scientific results and trends of the 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Virtual, Milano, Italy, January 10–15, 2021). Two important events of ICPR-2020 are represented in this special issue: (1) The paper of Professor Ching Yee Suen (Centre for Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada)–the recent winner of IAPR very prestigious K.S. Fu Prize for a year of 2020. The paper based on his lecture “From handwriting to human personality and facial beauty” presented at the ICPR 2020; (2) Special issue “ICPR-2020 Workshop “Image Mining. Theory and Applications.” The analysis of the scientific contribution of IMTA-VII-2021 allows us to draw the following conclusions: (1) The construction of a unified mathematical theory of image analysis is still far from complete. (2) There is considerable interest in the development of new mathematical methods for analyzing and evaluating information presented in the form of images. (3) There is a tendency to expand the mathematical apparatus in the development of new methods of image analysis and recognition by involving in this process areas of mathematics that were not previously used in image analysis. (4) The gap between the capabilities of new mathematical methods of image analysis and recognition and their actual use in solving applied problems remains significant. (5) There is an excessive use of neural networks in solving applied problems of image analysis and image recognition, and quite often without proper justification and interpretation of the results. The special issue includes articles based on the workshop papers selected by the IMTA-VII-2021 Program Committee for publication in PRIA. The PRIA special issue “Scientific Resume of the 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition” is prepared by the National Committee for Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the IAPR member society, and by the IAPR Technical Committee no. 16 on Algebraic and Discrete Mathematical Techniques in Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis.

Presents information on the work of the GRSS Instrumentation and Future Technologies Technical Committee Working Groups.

Forensic science is crucial for the administration of justice and case investigation. In China, political-legal organizations, including the courts, public security, procuratorate, and judicial administration, developed their own forensic practices before 2004. As a result, the frequent and repeated appraisals undermined judicial authority and credibility. Thus, a law was published in 2005 to improve the uniform forensic management system by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, leading to the establishment of the Forensic Administration of the Ministry of Justice in 2006. During this process, the increased accreditation and interflow highlighted the role of consensus in forensic standards for forensic service providers to avoid uncertainty regarding the methods used and interpretation of results. In 2017, a policy document was promulgated again to strengthen the importance of the uniform standards, which also proposed to establish a new national technical committee for the standardization of forensic science by the General Office of the State Council. In 2018, despite the continuing problems concerning uniformity, the Forensic Administration of the Ministry of Justice was merged into the Public Legal Services Administration. Yet, there is still a long way to go for the national technical committee for the standardization of forensic science. This paper analyses the evolution of forensic standards internationally and nationally, discusses the existing problems, and proposes relative solutions. Moreover, it discusses the future of standards development with the deepening of the reformation of both the national standardization and judicial system.

Despite the difficulties imposed by the worldwide spread of COVID-19, some recent advances have been made by the Technical Committee 17 (TC-17) in topics regarding measurements and materials.

In recent years Sudan suffers from deterioration in the economy. There are three financial legislations issued from the Government of Sudan between Nov 2016 and Oct 2018. These legislations have led to increase in prices of all goods and materials especially construction materials that lead many contracting companies to submit claims demanding for adjustment of prices. This paper documents effort by the Government of Sudan (GoS) to address price adjustments for public-funded projects affected by the mentioned legislations. It also validates some data submitted by the contractors to examine the adjustment through a technical committee established for that purpose. Furthermore, the GoS has introduced a program to build the capacity of all involved parties in the construction industry to calculate price adjustments. This paper compares some data submitted by some contractors for three projects in east Sudan (Qadarif), West Sudan (Zalingei) and central Sudan (Khartoum) that have been approved by consultants with prices of materials obtained from an independent third party the in Khartoum. The results of the comparison are found that some increase in material follows the prices of the (USD) dollar as reinforcement and some local material increase in price due to other reasons like fees of transportation. Also, when comparing prices in different states in Sudan, there are differences in some material depending on the distance from Khartoum and the availability of the materials in the states like local materials as aggregates and red bricks.

Actualmente la acreditación de las instituciones educativas públicas y privadas del país se ha convertido en una necesidad para medir la calidad y pertinencia de los programas académicos que ofertan a la sociedad, a través del cumplimiento de estándares y parámetros definidos a nivel nacional e internacional; evaluados por organismos formados con profesionales y académicos especializados en el área de estudio, que son regulados por el Consejo para la acreditación de la Educación Superior (COPAES). El proceso de revisión de evidencias requiere de experiencia y conocimiento del profesional para realizar la valoración de cada variable de estudio; el objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y desarrollar un Sistema WEB que facilite la evaluación de indicadores, que genere un dictamen y que registre las recomendaciones a la institución, beneficiando directamente al comité técnico y comité de Acreditación del Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación (CONAIC). Nowadays the accreditation of public and private educational institutions of the country have become a standard to measure the quality and relevance of academic programs, that are offered our society through standards of accomplishment and parameters defined at national and international level ; evaluated by agencies composed by professionals and academics specialized in the study area, meanwhile they are regulated by COPAES (Consejo para la Acreditación de la Educación Superior). The process to revise the evidence requires experience and knowledge of the professional to take into consideration each variable studied, the objective of this job is to design and develop a WEB system that makes the evaluation of these indicators easier, it also has to generate a report and have to register the suggestions toward the institution; directly benefitting to the Technical Committee and Accreditation Committee the CONAIC (Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación).

Es importante reflexionar sobre el perfil deseable y las funciones del Coordinador de la Comisión Técnica (CT) debido a que es una figura relevante para que la CT se desempeñe con éxito en el marco del Manual para el proceso de acreditación del Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática A. C. (CONAIC). Se realiza la presente propuesta con respecto al perfil que debe cubrir el Coordinador de la CT (CCT) y sus funciones específicas, dichos elementos son de suma utilidad y pueden ser considerados para la toma de decisiones por el Comité de Acreditación y para la interacción enriquecedora de los miembros de la CT, respectivamente. Se presentan elementos útiles para todos los involucrados durante el proceso de acreditación de un programa educativo, en las etapas previa, durante y posterior a la visita de la institución correspondiente. It is important to think over on the desired profile and functions of the Coordinator of the Technical Committee (TC) because it is a relevant performer for the CT success under the Manual for the accreditation of the National Accreditation Council in Computers AC (CONAIC). This is a proposal with respect to the profile that should cover the Coordinator of the CT (CCT) and their specific functions are performed, these elements are very useful and can be considered for decision making by the Accreditation Committee and for enriching interaction members of the CT, respectively. Useful elements for all involved are presented during the process of accreditation of an educational program, in the previous stages, during and after the visit to the institution.

This paper describes the formulation of the decision agenda of “Río Sonora” Trust (FRS)’s Technical Committee (TC), established in 2014 to compensate for the damage caused by Buenavista del Cobre Company’s copper leach spill in the Sonora River Basin. The Multiple Streams Approach (MSA) (Kingdon, 2014) was used to analyze the participation and criteria for technical feasibility and the anticipation of future limitations of the alternatives discussed by the FRS’ Technical Committee. The analysis showed that the approved alternatives were formulated and implemented by hidden participants and characterized by their high visibility, low compliance with the technical feasibility criteria, and long-term costs aversion. The results contribute to the understanding of the MSA virtues for the analysis of the remediation of environmental disasters agenda.

The International Gymnastics Federation’s Code of Points, for different disciplines in Gymnastics, undergoes modifications and is updated after each Olympic Game, forcing a constant update of the judges and coaches. These changes apply for the 4 years of the Olympic cycle and are announced in the International Judges Courses, imparted by the International Gymnastics Federation for each sport discipline after the Olympics. Because of how the pandemic has affected the world, and consequently sports, the Olympic Games of Tokyo 2020 were postponed to the year 2021. With this, the validity of Gymnastic regulations for the next Olympic cycle has been postponed by one year, so the cycle will extraordinarily extend from 2022 to 2024. The objective of this article is to announce the main changes that the International Gymnastics Federation’s Women's Technical Committee is proposing, in the first edition of the new Code of Points for the Women’s Artistic Gymnastics cycle of 2022-2024.

In this paper, we elaborate on the scientific outcomes of the 2021 Data Fusion Contest (DFC2021), which was organized by the Image Analysis and Data Fusion Technical Committee of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society, on the subject of geospatial artificial intelligence (AI) for social good. The ultimate objective of the contest was to model the state and changes of artificial and natural environments from multimodal and multitemporal remotely sensed data towards sustainable developments. DFC2021 consisted of two challenge tracks: Detection of Settlements without Electricity (DSE) and Multitemporal Semantic change Detection (MSD). We focus here on the outcome of the DSE track. This paper presents the corresponding approaches and reports the results of the best-performing methods during the contest.

The World Broadcasting Unions (WBU) i Technical Committee is addressing an increased number of issues as broadcasting, on a worldwide basis, has entered into a more complex, challenging era, exemplified by massive spectrum competition, rapid regulatory and technology changes, and a more threatening cyber environment.

espanolEl futbol puede ser una excelente escuela moral o, por el contrario, un entorno proclive para aprendizajes indeseables derivados de actos discriminatorios, conductas nada ejemplares y sentimientos y experiencias desagradables. Los arbitros son uno de los ejes vertebradores del deporte, y uno de los agentes que mas percibe y experimenta situaciones conflictivas. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer los pensamientos de un grupo de arbitros sobre el componente educativo que se le atribuye al futbol base y sobre su posible rol como educadores. Para tal fin, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a ocho arbitros, hombres y mujeres, de diversas edades, nacionalidades y categorias del Comite Tecnico de Arbitros de la Federacion Autonomica Valenciana, entidad a la que se pidio permiso para contactar con los participantes. Se realizo un analisis inductivo de las transcripciones para dar sentido a los datos recogidos. Los arbitros entrevistados se refieren a aspectos positivos y negativos en el futbol base, pero enfatizan el papel de estos ultimos. Consideran que el futbol base tiene limitadas posibilidades de convertirse en un contexto educativo. Esta opinion se apoya en los comentarios desagradables que oyen de los espectadores, la presion excesiva que notan de los adultos hacia los infantes, las invitaciones a la violencia de los espectadores e, incluso, algunas peleas entre los padres. Los arbitros consideran que debido a la falta de tiempo efectivo su labor pedagogica se ve limitada a la ensenanza del reglamento, recayendo la responsabilidad de la educacion social y moral en padres y entrenadores principalmente. EnglishSoccer can be an excellent moral school or, on the contrary, a proclivity environment for undesirable learning derived from discriminatory acts, not exemplary behaviors and unpleasant feelings and experiences. Referees are one of the backbones of sport, and one of the agents that most perceives and experiences conflict situations. The aim of this work is to know the thoughts of a group of referees about the educational component attributed to grassroots football and about their possible role as educators. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight referees, men and women, of various ages, nationalities and categories of the Technical Committee of Referees of the Valencian Autonomous Federation, an entity that was asked for permission to contact the participants. An inductive analysis of the transcripts was performed to make sense of the collected data. The referees interviewed refer to positive and negative aspects in grassroots football, but emphasize the role of the latter. They consider that grassroots football has limited possibilities of becoming an educational context. This opinion is supported by the unpleasant comments they hear from viewers, the excessive pressure they notice from adults towards infants, invitations to violence from viewers, and even some fights between parents. The referees consider that due to the lack of effective time, their pedagogical work is limited to the teaching of the regulations, with the responsibility of social and moral education falling mainly on parents and coaches.

JSC "The URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy" in 2019 carried out scientific, scientific-technical, organizational activities in the field of development, verification of national standards for refractories, harmonized with ISO standards, provided scientific-methodological, information and consulting services for the provision of normative documentation at the request of refractory enterprises in Ukraine.The Institute organized and coordinated the activities of TC 7 "Refractories", prepared a work plan and reports on the work done by TC in 2019.In 2019, JSC "The URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy" developed five new specifications and 10 changes to the current technical specifications for serial refractory products manufactured by refractory enterprises in Ukraine. 1 new technical specification for serial refractory products, developed by PrJSC "KDZ", was checked and approved. Two new technical specifications and 5 changes to the current technical specifications for pilot refractory products manufactured by JSC "The URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy" were developed. Changes to technical specifications and new technical specifications developed in concordance with requirements of the modern system to standardizations of the Ukraine (SОU КZPS 74.9-02568182-003:2016, DSTU 1.5:2015, SOU MPP 01.120-090:2005), have been endorsed by manufacturers and enterprise consumers, tested for compliance with current legislation, technical regulations and regulatory documents and entered into the database "Technical conditions of Ukraine" — SE "Kharkivstandardmetrology", and approved by the technical committee TC 7 «Refractories».

Welcome to ACM SIGMOD Records series of interviews with distinguished members of the database community. I'm Marianne Winslett, and today we're at the 2017 SIGMOD and PODS conference in Chicago. I have with me Susan Davidson, who's a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. Sue is an ACM Fellow, a Corresponding Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and the recipient of the 2017 IEEE Technical Committee on Data Engineering Impact Award. Sue has served as the chair of her department, Deputy Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science, a member of the NSF Cise Advisory Committee, and as the chair of the Computing Research Association. Sue's Ph.D. is from Princeton University. So, Sue, welcome.

The Image Analysis and Data Fusion Technical Committee (IADF TC) of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (GRSS) has organized the annual Data Fusion Contest (DFC) since 2006. The contest aims to establish new benchmarks for scientific challenges in remote sensing image analysis by promoting the use of multimodal data, leveraging new sensors as well as big data, and facilitating the emergence of new methods for extracting geospatial information.

TC-37-Measurements and Networking (current Chair Prof. Domenico Capriglione, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy) began six years ago as a proposal of Prof. Leopoldo Angrisani (University of Napoli Federico II, Italy) and Prof. Claudio Narduzzi (University of Padova, Italy) with the main purpose of increasing awareness and interest in networking and to encourage Instrumentation and Measurement Society (IMS) members to apply their skills and extend their knowledge of networking-related problems in the field of Instrumentation and Measurement (I&M) applications.

Welcome to the new issue of IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems (TCSS). First of all, on behalf of the Board of Governors and Prof. Enrique Herrera Viedma, Vice President for Publication, of the IEEE SMCS, I would like to announce and introduce the new Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE TCSS, Prof. Bin Hu, our Associate Editor since 2017 and a member of BoG since 2018. Currently, Bin Hu is the Director of the Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China, and an Adjunct Professor with the Computing Department, The Open University, Milton Keynes, U.K. He is the Chair of the IEEE SMC Technical Committee on Computational Psychophysiology at IEEE SMC and the Vice- Chair of the China Committee of the International Society for Social Neuroscience. He is also serving as an Associate Editor for IEEE Transaction on Affective Computing. I am sure that IEEE TCSS will march to a new level of excellence under Prof. Bin Hu’s leadership. Congratulations to him and TCSS for the beginning of a new chapter!

The IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (MTT-S) Technical Committee MTT-20 (originally MTT-17) was formed in 1997 to address the needs of some 25,000 RF engineers whose work was primarily at frequencies below 1 GHz. Fritz Raab and Clark Bell presented the idea to the MTT-S Administrative Committee and served as the first chairmen. Prior to the formation of MTT-20, no IEEE Society served the high-, very high-, and ultrahigh-frequency (HF/ VHF/UHF) community. Publications were scattered among many trade conferences and trade journals as there was no place within IEEE to publish on these topics.

Reports on the activities of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society (RAS) Technical Committee (TC) on Robotic Hands, Grasping, and Manipulation that was established in 2014.

The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) has had a very active year. The EBU has 70 members representing 116 organizations in 56 countries. These members provide services in television, radio, online, and hybrid platforms. Their interests are in all aspects of the broadcast services and also in running their operations, with respect to, for instance, business infrastructure and security.

The rapid development and deployment of new remote sensing instrumentation is transforming the way we acquire and interpret information on all aspects of environmental and human activity. This is driving the need for technical standards that support the processing, management, analysis, and quality assessment of data from these sources. The IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (GRSS) Standards for Earth Observations (SEO) Technical Committee (TC) was created in 2017 to support this need. To date, it has sponsored four standards development projects, with two new projects starting soon. This article highlights the scope of each and looks at future directions.

The relevance of the problem stated in the article is due to the fact that in order to use modern methods for creating parts of aerospace technology, it is necessary to recognize their capabilities and strive to improve these methods. The purpose of the article is to analyze the dialectics of design documentation and those contradictions that are caused by digital technologies in the engineer’s language. The paper discusses the main methods and methods for creating prototypes of designed parts for aerospace engineering objects at the design development stages. Possible applications of rapid prototyping technologies in design are shown. A number of reasons have been derived that hold back the widespread use of modern prototyping methods, including the high cost of equipment; lack of proprietary installations and materials for prototyping, lack of trained personnel to carry out work, lack of recommendations on methods for designing parts intended for prototyping. It is shown that the verification of the development trend is through the development of legal documentation and through activities in the relevant technical committees of Rosstandart and specialized dissertation councils of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation.

Background: The expatriation of athletes occurs, most of the time, without proper preparation, which may compromise the athlete’s adaptation to the new work club. In this way, understanding the factors that can help in this process becomes necessary, because one can plan interventions to improve the athlete’s adaptation. Objective: To analyze the adaptation of the Volleyball athletes after changing to a new club and city to continue their career in the national and the international context. Methods: The sample was composed of 68 people (48 athletes and 20 ex-athletes), being 43 males and 25 females with mean age of 27 years. Participants were divided into 2 groups: G1 (International Athletes) and G2 (National Athletes). It was used a questionnaire with structured questions called “Questionnaire: the process of expatriation of volleyball players” and only the questions that were related to the objective of the study were used. The analysis of the results was conducted through analysis between groups and intragroup. Results: Both groups showed good adaptation to the new club, very influenced by the relationship with the athletes, coach and technical committee. Conclusions: The participants demonstrated adequate coping strategies and personal resources. In addition, it can be speculated that for an adequate adaptation to the new club, athletes must present adequate resources to face this new reality, demonstrating the need to prepare the athletes before the expatriation process.

This article provides a summary of the operation and activities of the IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society (SMCS) Technical Committee on Quantum Cybernetics (TC-qCyber) since its inception on 30 March 2017.

The Industrial Power Systems Committee, established under the umbrella of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE), was renamed the Industrial and Commercial Power Systems (IaCPS) Committee in 1963 with the formation of the IEEE. It was assigned as a technical committee under the General Applications Group and remained as such even when, in 1966, the General Applications Group became the IEEE Industry Applications Society (IAS). Then, in 1977, the committee was elevated to a department as part of the overall IAS reorganization [1]. The following is the history of one of our most dedicated and exemplary members, who passed away on 11 August 2019 and who, for the past 50 years, helped transform the IAS and IaCPS into the dominant industry authority within the IEEE it is today.

The 2020 Data Fusion Contest, organized by the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (GRSS) Image Analysis and Data Fusion Technical Committee (IADF TC) and the Technical University of Munich, aims to promote research in automatic large-scale land cover mapping from globally available multimodal satellite data with weak supervision.

The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health of the USA (NIOSH), which belongs to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), created the Center for the Study of Professional Robotics (CORR) and requests information to determine the priority areas of research. These are gaps in knowledge on the safety and health of people working with industrial robotics, with a focus on the field of occupational safety and health, which are unlikely to be conducted by other federal agencies, academia, or the private sector. The request was signed by NIOSH Director John J. Howard, CORR’s curator is Hongwei Xiao, Ph.D.; CORR funding is provided for by the NIOSH strategic work plan for 2019–2023. Below besides to the directions of CORR comments, the main information hygiene (IG) developments published in Russia are outlined. The role of sanitary inspection is also noted, along with standardization and regulation by competent authorities: the WHO / ILO Joint Committee on Occupational Health, ISO, IEC, etc. The Technical Committee of Rosstandart TC–194 “CyberPhysical Systems” was established in Russia, which began with terminology. The article presents a brief translation of the CORR request with our comments and some domestic literature on IG, thus reflecting two mainstreams of occupational safety and health robotics.Funding. The study had no funding.Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Introduccion: El agua subterranea del acuifero del Valle de Tecamachalco (AVT) es la principal fuente de abastecimiento para las actividades productivas en la zona, condicion que ha generado su sobreexplotacion. Objetivo: Analizar la variacion temporal de los niveles estaticos del AVT de 1997 a 2016 para determinar el nivel de abatimiento del agua subterranea del acuifero. Metodologia: Se utilizaron datos historicos de la red de monitoreo del Comite Tecnico de Aguas Subterraneas de Tecamachalco, y se registraron niveles estaticos de 89 pozos. Se aplico la prueba 30 Mann-Kendall a los datos piezometricos y se incorporo el analisis espacial con el metodo de 31 interpolacion de Kriging. Resultados: El nivel del agua en el periodo evaluado presento una tendencia decreciente. Los 33 niveles estaticos del acuifero presentaron un abatimiento promedio de 14 m; por ello, el proceso de agotamiento es insostenible de continuar con la misma tendencia. Limitaciones del estudio: No hay estadisticas de la extraccion de agua subterranea; los datos existentes son inconsistentes, por lo que se opto por una prueba estadistica no parametrica que refleja el comportamiento (abatimiento y recuperacion) de los pozos monitoreados. Originalidad: Existen pocos estudios sobre la dinamica de abatimiento de agua subterranea del AVT. La combinacion de un metodo estadistico y uno geografico es una herramienta util para mostrar el comportamiento de los niveles de agua. Conclusiones: El AVT presenta una situacion critica que condiciona la disponibilidad y el aprovechamiento del agua subterranea, lo que afecta directamente a la actividad agricola de la zona. Introduction: The groundwater of the Tecamachalco Valley aquifer (TVA) is the main source of supply for productive activities in the area, a condition that has generated its overexploitation. Objective: To analyze the temporal variation in the static levels of the TVA from 1997 to 2016 in order to determine the level of groundwater depletion in the aquifer. Methodology: Historical data from the monitoring network of the Tecamachalco Groundwater Technical Committee was used, and static levels of 89 wells were recorded. The Mann-Kendall test was applied to the piezometric data and spatial analysis was incorporated with the Kriging interpolation method. Results: The water level in the evaluated period showed a downward trend. The static levels of the aquifer showed an average drop of 14 m; therefore, the depletion process is unsustainable if the same trend continues. Study limitations: There are no statistics on groundwater extraction; the existing data are inconsistent, so a non-parametric statistical test was chosen to reflect the behavior (depletion and recovery) of the monitored wells. Originality: There are few studies on the dynamics of TVA groundwater depletion. The combination of a statistical and a geographical method is a useful tool to show the behavior of water levels. Conclusions: The TVA presents a critical situation that conditions the availability and use of groundwater, which directly affects agricultural activity in the area.

The IFAC TC on “Supplemental Ways for Improving International Stability – SWIIS” is one of the longest situated in IFAC. According to first ideas during the IFAC World Congress in Kyoto 1981 this IFAC – at that time - Working Group organised in 1983 the first Workshop in this highly interdisciplinary field in Austria. Meanwhile a Technical Committee in IFAC, SWIIS was always a bridge between (control) engineers and various other disciplines to open IFAC to other related fields. It‘s a tradition to present on nearly each IFAC World Congress an update of this dynamic TC. Therefore in this contribution the role of process and manufacturing automation especially control engineering will be presented and discussed based on previous papers. In addition Ethics and Diversity are shortly discussed. As an indicator selected Keywords of the main sponsored events of this TC were used. This contribution is based on Kopacek,P, L.Stapleton, M.Dimirovski (2017).

Modern multistandard wireless systems require reconfigurability for mult iband operat ion; therefore, switchable or reconfigurable frontend filters are in high demand. This article introduces a four-channel switchable filter bank, which was awarded first place in the Four-Channel Switchable/Reconfigurable Filter Bank category of the Student Design Competition (SDC) sponsored by Technical Committee 8 at the 2019 IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society International Microwave Symposium.

This paper summarizes the results from a large-scale survey on the content and teaching philosophy of the first, and in many cases the only, control course taken by undergraduate students in engineering and applied sciences around the world. The IFAC Technical Committee on Education developed and administered the survey in 2019. At the time of writing of this manuscript 201 control professionals have responded to the survey. The majority view is that the first course in control should focus on concepts and avoid excessive mathematical proofs. The responders ranked the depth of coverage of 63 topics commonly found in introductory control texts. A model curriculum for a first control course is suggested based on the ranking results.

The mission, rich history and numerous achievements of the Technical Committee TC8 "Stability of Steel Structures" of the European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS), which is active since 1958, are highlighted by present and former chairpersons.

Based on experiments conducted in low wind speed and calm air environments, the current International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and European Committee for Standardization (CEN) convention modeling human aerosol inhalability (i.e. aspiration efficiency) may not be valid when wind speeds are less than 0.5 ms−1. Additionally, the convention is based primarily on mouth breathing data and aerosols with aerodynamic diameters smaller than 100 µm. Since the convention's development, experimental inhalation data at wind speeds lower than 0.5 ms−1 for nose, mouth, and oronasal breathing have been generated for aerosols in a wider range of sizes (1.5–135 µm). These data were gathered and modeled with the intention of providing a simple convention recommendation for inhalability in low wind speed (>0 to