Search

This study aimed to determine the implementation model of public information disclosure at MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan in West Sumatra province. This study used content analysis research with the data originating from websites, along with the documents and developments downloaded from the websites related to public information disclosure activities at MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan. This study was conducted from November to December 2022. The data validity used source triangulation by validating data in documents on the websites under study in one feature and across features. The data were analyzed using an interactive analysis model. The results show that the public information disclosure implemented in MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan was through providing a place and the main website connected to the PPID website. The PPID website contained complete profiles and types of report information following existing regulations. There were types of information and reports with institutional dimensions, and institutional actors, so good and clean institutions could reflect excellent and clean executors.

Background To determine by multi-omic analysis changes in metabolites, lipids, and proteins as a consequence of transient viral rebound (tVR) in children with perinatally acquired HIV-1 (PHIV). Methods Plasma samples from children with PHIV and with tVR (first episode of transient RNA-HIV viral load >20 copies/ml followed by suppression) on the time-point immediately before (pre-tVR) and after (post-tVR) the tVR were assessed. Multi-omic analyses were performed using nLC-Orbitrap, GC-qTOF-MS, and LC-qTOF-MS. Results Comparing pre- and post-tVR time-points, HIV-1 children with tVR (n = 5) showed a trend to a decrease in ratio CD4/CD8 (p = 0.08) but no significant differences were observed in plasma metabolites, lipids, or proteins. Post-tVR condition was compared with a reference group of children with PHIV with persistent viral control (n = 9), paired by sex, age, and time under antiretroviral treatment. A total of 10 proteins, 8 metabolites, and 2 lipids showed significant differences (p < 0.05): serotransferrin, clusterin, kininogen-1, succinic acid, threonine, 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, methionine, 2-hydroxyglutaric, triacylglyceride 50:0 (TG50:0), and diacylglyceride 34:1 (DG34:1) were upregulated while alpha-2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein A-II, carboxylic ester hydrolase, apolipoprotein D, coagulation factor IX, peptidase inhibitor 16, SAA2-SAA4 readthrough, oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and D-sucrose downregulated on post-tVR time-point compared to the reference group. Ratio CD4/CD8 correlated with apolipoprotein A-II, DG34:1, and methionine (p = 0.004; ρ = 0.71, p = 0.016; ρ = −0.63; and p = 0.032; ρ = −0.57, respectively). Nadir CD4+ correlated inversely with kininogen-1 (p = 0.022; ρ = −0.60) and positively with D-sucrose (p = 0.001; ρ = 0.77). Conclusions tVR followed by suppression implies changes in soluble proteins, lipids, and metabolites that correlate with immunological parameters, mainly ratio CD4/CD8, that decreased after tVR. These distinct soluble biomarkers could be considered potential biomarkers of immune progression.

This paper studies the construction of three functional topologies in 𝑌^𝑋 production spaces. Their topological bases have been found and compared between them. An important place is a comparison with wellknown topologies such as uniform, point, and open compact convergence. The convergences used are uniform local convergence, strongly uniformed local convergence, and the convergence known as α-convergence.

In response to COVID-19 global pandemic, the University of Sharjah (UAE) implemented a flexible hybrid teaching approach where the capacity of the classrooms is reduced to 50% and installed additional audiovisual equipment to support the hybrid teaching model. The aim of this study is to assess the acoustic parameters in the hybrid classrooms with focus on reverberation time, sound clarity (C50) and strength (G). Measurements were taken in six different classrooms using sound analyzer and ROOM EQ Wizard software in accordance to the guidelines set by ISO 3382. In addition, we compared the experimental data with that obtained from Sabine's diffuse field theory and from a model developed by E. Nilsson, which considers the absorption in classrooms to be mainly due to the absorbing ceilings. Reverberation times results show that Leq (dBA) to vary from 43.0 - 50.9 dBA for acoustically untreated classroom, and 32.3 for classrooms with the air condition off. Results obtained from the theoretical model showed the same overall behavior over the investigated frequency range. Sound clarity and strength measurements indicated that the acoustic conditions in hybrid classrooms do not satisfy the international standards with the exception of one classroom, which was acoustically treated.

In this paper, we assess the acoustic environment comfort at the University of Sharjah after classes have been reconfigured in response to COVID-19 pandemic protocols, which included reducing the number of seats to comply with social distancing to support the hybrid teaching model. First, we measured the background noise and reverberation times for the different types of classrooms. The results showed classrooms do not comply with international standards where acoustic comfort indicators are higher than the recommended values. For example, the background noise levels were found to range from 43.9 - 49.6 dB(A), which is higher than the recommended WHO limits. To evaluate the acoustic comfort from the perspective of the main stakeholder; the students, we conducted a subjective survey to evaluate students' perception of the acoustic conditions at the classrooms. The results indicate that the majority of the students surveyed, (88%) felt that noise in classrooms affected their understanding of the material and communication with the instructor and peers. Noise sources were mainly identified to originate from corridors, maintenance work, and construction sites within close proximity to the classrooms. Better designs are highly recommended to improve acoustic comfort to ensure an excellent student experience and the best learning environment.

In 2016, the Hepatitis B and C Public Policy Association (HepBCPPA), gathered all the main stakeholders in the field of hepatitis C virus (HCV) to launch the now landmark HCV Elimination Manifesto, calling for the elimination of HCV in the EU by 2030. Since then, many European countries have made progress towards HCV elimination. Multiple programmes—from the municipality level to the EU level—were launched, resulting in an overall decrease in viremic HCV infections and liver-related mortality. However, as of 2021, most countries are not on track to reach the 2030 HCV elimination targets set by the WHO. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a decrease in HCV diagnoses and fewer direct-acting antiviral treatment initiations in 2020. Diagnostic and therapeutic tools to easily diagnose and treat chronic HCV infection are now well established. Treating all patients with chronic HCV infection is more cost-saving than treating and caring for patients with liver-related complications, decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. It is more important than ever to reinforce and scale-up action towards HCV elimination. Yet, efforts urgently need the dedicated commitment of policymakers at all governmental and policy levels. Therefore, the third EU Policy Summit, held in March 2021, featured EU parliamentarians and other key decision makers to promote dialogue and take strides towards securing wider EU commitment to advance and achieve HCV elimination by 2030. We have summarized the key action points and reported the ‘Call-to-Action’ statement supported by all the major relevant European associations in the field.

Wilayah pemukiman merupakan salah satu penyumbang paling besar terhadap pencemaran air laut adalah wilayah permukiman kota di Indonesia, sumber pencemaran terbesar berasal dari limbah cair domestik yang memberikan kontribusi pencemaran sebesar 87%, kemudian sisanya sebesar 13% berasal dari limbah cair industri. Oleh karena itu, masih banyak yang perlu ditingkatkan untuk sanitasi di Indonesia. Tercatat bahwa sanitasi layak di Indonesia pada tahun 2018 hanya mencapai 74,58%, dan sanitasi aman hanya mencapai 7,42%. Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor apa saja yang menyebabkan rendahnya peran serta masyarakat dalam pengelolaan air limbah domestik dan mengidentifikasi seberapa besar peran serta masyarakat dalam pengelolaan air limbah domestik pada pembangunan IPAL di Losari Kecamatan Ujung Pandang Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling masyarakat yang berdomisili disekitar IPAL Losari, simple random sampling dan penarikan sampel yang digunakan menggunakan teknik estimasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan terdapat beberapa aktor-faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya peran masyarakat dalam pengelolaan air limbah domestik pada pembangunan IPAL di Losari Kecamatan Ujung Pandang yang mulai dari faktor terbesar ke faktor yang terendah, yakni adalah penghargaan, keamanan di sekitar lokasi, peran pemerintah, interaksi sosial, informasi manfaat IPAL dan peran serta tokoh masyarakat. Kemudian dalam hal peran serta masyarakat yang tertinggi adalah berupa kontribusi dalam pemberian iuran rutin, kemudian dalam hal keterlibatan dan yang terendah adalah kontribusi berupa material dalam pembangunan. Urban residential areas in Indonesia are among the locations that contribute the most to saltwater pollution. Domestic liquid waste accounts for 87 percent of this pollution, with industrial liquid waste accounting for the remaining 13 percent. Therefore, there is still much that needs to be done to enhance Indonesia's sanitation. It stated that safe sanitation only achieved 7.42 percent, and good sanitation reached 74.58 percent in Indonesia in 2018. The purpose of this study, among others, is to identify the factors that cause the low participation of the community in the management of domestic wastewater and identify how much community participation is in the direction of domestic sewage in the construction of IPAL in Losari, Ujung Pandang District, Makassar City. In this investigation, a purposive sample strategy, simple random sampling, and sampling using the Maximum Likelihood Estimate (MLE) estimation technique were all used. Based on the research findings, several factors, ranging from the most significant to the least effective, contribute to the low level of community involvement in the management of domestic wastewater during the construction of IPAL in Losari, Ujung Pandang District. These factors include respect, security at the site, the government's role, social interaction, knowledge of the advantages of WWTPs, and the involvement of community leaders. The highest level of community involvement is shown by contributions made in the form of regular fees, followed by participation and donations made in the form of development materials.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji persebaran lahan mangrove pasca rehabilitasi mangrove di Kecamatan Bacukiki Barat Kota Parepare dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi masyarakat pesisir terhadap kegiatan rehabilitasi lahan mangrove di Kecamatan Bacukiki Barat Kota Parepare. Jenis penelitian ini di kategorikan sebagai penilitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Diskriptif Kuantitatif adalah data yang diperoleh dari sampel populasi penelitian di analisis sesuai dengan metode Statistik yang digunakan kemudian di interprestasikan. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan yang telah dilakukan maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa rata-rata persepsi, masyarakat sekitar kawasan pengelolaan rehabilitasi hutan mangrove di kecamatan bacukiki barat merespon tindakan pemerintah dengan adanya kegiatan rehabilitasi dalam menjaga dan melestarikan di Hutan Mangrove Kawasan Kecamatan Bacukiki Barat dengan sikap sangat baik, dalam kegiatan rehabilitis lahan hutan mangrove berada pada kategori tinggi, sedangkan peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat peran masyarakat dalam kategori sedang. This study aims to examine the distribution of mangrove land after mangrove rehabilitation in West Bacukiki District, Parepare City, and to determine the effect of coastal community perceptions on mangrove rehabilitation activities in West Bacukiki District, Parepare City. This type of research is categorized as quantitative descriptive research. Quantitative Descriptive is data obtained from a sample of the research population which is analyzed according to the statistical method used and then interpreted. Based on the results and discussions that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the average perception of the community around the mangrove forest rehabilitation management area in the West Bacukiki sub-district responds to government actions with rehabilitation activities in maintaining and preserving the Mangrove Forest in the West Bacukiki District with a very good attitude. , in the rehabilitation activities of mangrove forest land is in the high category, while the increase in community income, the role of the community in the medium type

Adjuvant therapy; Breast cancer; Olaparib Terapia adyuvante; Cáncer de mama; Olaparib Teràpia adjuvant; Càncer de mama; Olaparib Background The randomized, double-blind OlympiA trial compared 1 year of the oral poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, olaparib, to matching placebo as adjuvant therapy for patients with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 (gBRCA1/2pv) and high-risk, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, early breast cancer (EBC). The first pre-specified interim analysis (IA) previously demonstrated statistically significant improvement in invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and distant disease-free survival (DDFS). The olaparib group had fewer deaths than the placebo group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance for overall survival (OS). We now report the pre-specified second IA of OS with updates of IDFS, DDFS, and safety. Patients and methods One thousand eight hundred and thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to olaparib or placebo following (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy if indicated. Endocrine therapy was given concurrently with study medication for hormone receptor-positive cancers. Statistical significance for OS at this IA required P < 0.015. Results With a median follow-up of 3.5 years, the second IA of OS demonstrated significant improvement in the olaparib group relative to the placebo group [hazard ratio 0.68; 98.5% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.97; P = 0.009]. Four-year OS was 89.8% in the olaparib group and 86.4% in the placebo group (Δ 3.4%, 95% CI −0.1% to 6.8%). Four-year IDFS for the olaparib group versus placebo group was 82.7% versus 75.4% (Δ 7.3%, 95% CI 3.0% to 11.5%) and 4-year DDFS was 86.5% versus 79.1% (Δ 7.4%, 95% CI 3.6% to 11.3%), respectively. Subset analyses for OS, IDFS, and DDFS demonstrated benefit across major subgroups. No new safety signals were identified including no new cases of acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. Conclusion With 3.5 years of median follow-up, OlympiA demonstrates statistically significant improvement in OS with adjuvant olaparib compared with placebo for gBRCA1/2pv-associated EBC and maintained improvements in the previously reported, statistically significant endpoints of IDFS and DDFS with no new safety signals. Funding for this work, which was conducted as a collaborative partnership among the Breast International Group, NRG Oncology, Frontier Science, AstraZeneca, and Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, U.S.A. (MSD), was provided by the National Institutes of Health (grant numbers: U10CA 180868, UG1CA 189867, and U10CA 180822) and by AstraZeneca as part of an alliance between AstraZeneca and MSD. Provision of olaparib and placebo was from AstraZeneca.

A saúde como um direito inerente a cidadania na Constituição de 1988 foi uma conquista de grupos sociais que, à época, insatisfeitos com as desigualdades e exclusão de parte da população aos serviços de saúde, lutaram pela consolidação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Através desta conquista, políticas públicas foram implementadas para garantir este direito. No entanto, as desigualdades de acesso aos serviços de saúde são, ainda, um problema presente que impedem o efetivo exercício do SUS em virtude de barreiras encontradas em diferentes dimensões, como: estrutural, operacional e relacional. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi relatar o funcionamento do SUS na área Odontológica, focando nos atendimentos primários nas UBS (Unidades Básicas de Saúde) e USFs (Unidades de Saúde da Família), objetivando a discussão sobre a atuação do cirurgião-dentista. Uma forma de sistematizar a atuação do cirurgião dentista é a inserção no sistema onde deve atuar em equipes interdisciplinares no planejamento de políticas públicas saudáveis e no desenvolvimento de ações de vigilância da saúde e coletividade. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura utilizando as bases de dados Google acadêmico, SciELO e LILACS. Apesar de ainda existirem barreiras organizacionais, a Política Nacional de Saúde Pública (PNSB) trouxe avanços quanto ao financiamento e expansão da saúde bucal, e com isto, os resultados evidenciaram a preponderante avaliação positiva do usuário sobre o atendimento, e sugerem que a avaliação pode estar mais relacionada a humanização nos serviços.

Introduction: Dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most common oral diseases globally. Early control of oral health behaviours is important because lifestyles acquired during adolescence are powerful predictors of adult health. We conducted a study to determine knowledge, attitude and practices on oral hygiene among school going adolescents in Choma District. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school going adolescents in randomly selected schools in Choma District. A total of 335 participants were included in the study. Data were collected using a closed-end self-administered questionnaire. The sample size was distributed among the six schools in the ratio of their population. The study included anyone from grade 8-12. Data were analysed using IBM software for SPSS. We employed the Chi-Square test to investigate association between variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study had 173 males and 162 females in the age range of 12-19 years. The majority (87.8%) had good knowledge, 69.4% had good attitude and 87.5% had good practice on oral -hygiene. Practice was influenced by sex with females having good oral hygiene as compared to their male counterparts. About 97.2% thought that dental health education is essential in schools. 34% indicated that they had visited the dentist when they experienced toothache. However, parental advice 11% (n=39) to visit the dentist regularly was low. The majority 49.9% (n=167) indicated that they had not visited the dentist due to fear of the dental equipment set up. Conclusion and recommendation: Despite the majority having good knowledge and attitude and on oral hygiene, there is need to acquaint children with milling and dental units found in most dental offices. This may instil confidence in children to seek specialist dental treatment whenever they develop any dental disease. Further, parents need to be incorporated as partners in promoting oral health hygiene among school going adolescents.

The problems discussed in this study are the Effect of Principal Supervision and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance at SDN 1 Rantepao. This study aims to analyze (1) the effect of principal supervision on teacher performance at SDN 1 Rantepao, (2) the effect of work motivation on teacher performance at SDN 1 Rantepao, (3) the effect of principal supervision and work motivation on teacher performance at SDN 1 Rantepao. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a survey research approach. The results showed that: (1) there was a positive and significant effect of Principal Supervision on teacher performance, which obtained tcount = 3.050 then significant 0.006 Ftable with Fcount of 8.488 and Ftable of 3.16 then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted.

In this half-day tutorial, participants first explore the fundamentals of feed-forward neural networks, such as the backpropagation mechanism; the subsequent introduction to the more complex Long Short Term Memory neural networks builds on this knowledge. The tutorial also covers the basics of the attention mechanism, the Transformer neural networks, and their application in education with Deep Knowledge Tracing. There will be some hands-on applications on open educational datasets. The participants should leave the tutorial with the ability to use neural networks in their research. A laptop capable of installing and running Python and the Keras library is required for full participation in this half-day tutorial.

Over the last few years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have dominated the field of computer vision thanks to their ability to extract features and their outstanding performance in classification problems, for example in the automatic analysis of X-rays. Unfortunately, these neural networks are considered black-box algorithms, i.e. it is impossible to understand how the algorithm has achieved the final result. To apply these algorithms in different fields and test how the methodology works, we need to use eXplainable AI techniques. Most of the work in the medical field focuses on binary or multiclass classification problems. However, in many real-life situations, such as chest X-rays, radiological signs of different diseases can appear at the same time. This gives rise to what is known as ”multilabel classification problems”. A disadvantage of these tasks is class imbalance, i.e. different labels do not have the same number of samples. The main contribution of this paper is a Deep Learning methodology for imbalanced, multilabel chest X-ray datasets. It establishes a baseline for the currently underutilised PadChest dataset and a new eXplainable AI technique based on heatmaps. This technique also includes probabilities and inter-model matching. The results of our system are promising, especially considering the number of labels used. Furthermore, the heatmaps match the expected areas, i.e. they mark the areas that an expert would use to make a decision. This work has been funded by Grant PLEC2021-007681 (XAI-DisInfodemics) and PID2020-117263GB-100 (FightDIS) funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”, by the research project CIVIC: Intelligent characterisation of the veracity of the information related to COVID-19, granted by BBVA FOUNDATION GRANTS FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TEAMS SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, by European Comission under IBERIFIER - Iberian Digital Media Research and Fact-Checking Hub (2020-EU-IA-0252), by “Convenio Plurianual with the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid in the actuation line of Programa de Excelencia para el Profesorado Universitario”, and by Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid under S2018/TCS-4566 (CYNAMON) grant. M. Sánchez-Montañés has been supported by grants PID2021-127946OB-I00 and PID2021-122347NB-I00 (funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF - “A way of making Europe”) and Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (S2017/BMD-3688 MULTI-TARGET&VIEW-CM grant). J. Del Ser thanks the financial support of the Spanish Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI, Ministry of Science and Innovation) through the “Red Cervera” Programme (AI4ES project), as well as the support of the Basque Government (consolidated research group MATHMODE, ref. IT1456-22)

This report is the fourth deliverable of Task 6.2 – Quantum Rule-Based Systems (QRBS) for breast cancer detection of the NEASQC project. The document presents the work carried out so far, and is complementary to the other deliverables of this task. D6.11 (M32) will include a preliminary version of the RBS and QRBS software along with the specification of the IDC application that will be developed. The report begins with an introduction of the preliminary version of the QRBS software, presenting how the project is structured, providing some use examples of common operations users will make with the library, and a brief com-mentary on the library’s documentation which is presented in an appendix. Following that, we present the specification for the Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) application, based on previous work on quantum computing techniques and applying them to the clinical problem specifically. We continue by extending the work on previous deliverables regarding traceability and testing of the QRBS software, which is a critical part on making sure that the developed library provides valid and verified functionalities. To close the report, the conclusions obtained during the development of the work carried out are presented and some ideas for future work to be included in upcoming deliverables are shown., {"references":["Amin, M. B., Greene, F. L., Edge, S. B., Compton, C. C., Gershenwald, J. E., Brookland, R. K., Meyer, L., Gress, D. M., Byrd, D. R., & Winchester, D. P. (2017). The eighth edition ajcc cancer staging manual: Continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more \"personalized\" approach to cancer staging. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 67(2), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21388","Giuliano, A. E., Edge, S. B., & Hortobagyi, G. N. (2018). Eighth edition of the ajcc cancer staging manual: Breast cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 25(7), 1783–1785. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-018-6486-6","Kruchten, P. (2004). The rational unified process: An introduction. Addison-Wesley.","Ledley, R. S., & Lusted, L. B. (1959). Reasoning foundations of medical diagnosis. Science, 130(3366), 9–21. https: //doi.org/10.1126/science.130.3366.9","Moret-Bonillo, V., Gomez Tato, A., Magaz Romero, S., Mosqueira-Rey, E., & Alvarez-Estevez, D. (2022). D6.9: Qrbs software specifications. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7299193","Moret-Bonillo, V., Magaz-Romero, S., & Mosqueira-Rey, E. (2022). Quantum computing for dealing with inaccurate knowledge related to the certainty factors model. Mathematics, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/math10020189","Moret-Bonillo, V., Mosqueira-Rey, E., & Magaz-Romero, S. (2021). D6.5 Quantum Rule-Based System (QRBS) Requirement Analysis. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949157","Moret-Bonillo, V., Mosqueira-Rey, E., Magaz-Romero, S., & Alvarez-Estevez, D. (2023). Hybrid classic-quantum computing for staging of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.10142. https://arxiv. org/abs/2303.10142","Moret-Bonillo, V., Mosqueira-Rey, E., Magaz-Romero, S., & G´omez-Tato, A. (2021). Quantum rule-based systems (qrbs) models, architecture and formal specification (D6. 2). https://www.neasqc.eu/wp- content/uploads/ 2021/05/NEASQC D6.2 QRBS-Models-Architecture-and-Formal-Specification-V1.5-Final.pdf","Waterman, D. A. (1985). A guide to expert systems. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc."]}

Each year, wildfires destroy larger areas of Spain, threatening numerous ecosystems. Humans cause 90% of them (negligence or provoked) and the behaviour of individuals is unpredictable. However, atmospheric and environmental variables affect the spread of wildfires, and they can be analysed by using deep learning. In order to mitigate the damage of these events we proposed the novel Wildfire Assessment Model (WAM). Our aim is to anticipate the economic and ecological impact of a wildfire, assisting managers resource allocation and decision making for dangerous regions in Spain, Castilla y Le\'on and Andaluc\'ia. The WAM uses a residual-style convolutional network architecture to perform regression over atmospheric variables and the greenness index, computing necessary resources, the control and extinction time, and the expected burnt surface area. It is first pre-trained with self-supervision over 100,000 examples of unlabelled data with a masked patch prediction objective and fine-tuned using 311 samples of wildfires. The pretraining allows the model to understand situations, outclassing baselines with a 1,4%, 3,7% and 9% improvement estimating human, heavy and aerial resources; 21% and 10,2% in expected extinction and control time; and 18,8% in expected burnt area. Using the WAM we provide an example assessment map of Castilla y Le\'on, visualizing the expected resources over an entire region.

Kabupaten Sinjai sebagai Kawasan Strategis Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dalam hal ini kawasan pengembangan budidaya rumput laut meliputi wilayah perairan pantai dan tambak. sehingga memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan di kawasan pesisir dimana masyarakat cenderung melaksanakan aktivitas pembangunan dan industri yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan budidaya rumput laut. Sejalan dengan perkembangan Kabupaten Sinjai, pembangunan fisik berlangsung dengan pesat yang menimbulkan beragam aktivitas dengan adanya penggunaan lahan baru yang menggeser penggunaan lahan sebelumnya. Dari lingkup pelayanan yang ada, pusat perkotaan di Kabupaten Sinjai telah dipenuhi oleh berbagai aktivitas jasa perdagangan yang telah melayani pemenuhan kebutuhan penduduk secara regional serta berakibat pada terjadinya perubahan guna lahan. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang berkembang secara terus menerus ini bersifat kompetitif dalam penggunaan ruang yang ada, sehingga seringkali terjadi konversi guna lahan dari satu penggunaan ke penggunaan lainnya. Selain itu pada kawasan hutan produksi terbatas juga terdapat selisih antara data peta pola ruang dengan kondisi eksisting yang ada dimana hutan produksi terbatas dalam perda RTRW dengan memiliki luasan sebesar ±7.193 Ha sedangkan luasan hutan produksi berdasarkan kondisi eksisting yang ada. Dari uraian permasalahan tersebut, maka diambil judul tipologi dan perubahan pemanfaatan lahan di Kabupaten Sinjai kaitannya dengan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Kabupaten Sinjai Tahun 2021 pada saat ini seperti apa dinamika yang terjadi dilapangan, bila dikaji dari perubahan pemanfaatan ruang terhadap kebijakan pembangunan dalam hal ini adalah Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Sinjai. Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pola perubahan pemanfaatan ruang di Kabupaten Sinjai implikasinya terhadap arahan kebijakan pembangunan di Kabupaten Sinjai Menganalisis perubahan penggunaan ruang di Kabupaten Sinjai dengan mengukur tingkat pengaruh perubahan pemanfaatan ruangnya terhadap Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Sinjai Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan tujuan untuk menggambarkan data yang terkumpul secara sistematis, cermat dan akurat mengenai fenomena tertentu berupa fakta-fakta, keadaan, sifat-sifat suatu individu atau kelompok, serta hubungan antara fenomena yang diselidiki. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah mengidentifikasi kondisi eksisting, penggunaan lahan, perubahan penggunaan lahan serta faktor yang mempengaruhinya dengan menggunakan metode analisis superimpose dan overlay data citra penggunaan lahan dengan permodelan Force Field Analysis. Perubahan penggunaan lahan di Kabupaten Sinjai pada periode 2012-2032 didominasi oleh bertambahnya lahan terbangun, tambak dan sawah. Pertambahan ini diikuti dengan berkurangnya luasan hutan, perkebunan, dan semak belukar dan Adanya Pengaruh yang cukup besar sehingga berdampak pada ketidakselarasan penggunaan lahan dengan ketidakselarasan penggunaan lahan terbesar terjadi di kawasan hutan. Sinjai Regency is a Strategic Area of Economic Growth in the Province of South Sulawesi in term of the development of seaweed cultivation area that covers the coastal waters and farms. As such, this gives a significant influence on the growth of coastal areas where the public tend to carry out development activities and the industry associated with the development of seaweed cultivation. In line with the development of Sinjai Regency, physical development takes place rapidly that cause a diverse range of activities with the use of new land to shift the land use before. From the scope of the existing services, urban centers in Sinjai Regency have been met by the various activities of trade services which have been serving the fulfillment of the needs of the population on a regional basis as well as the result in the occurrence of a change of land use. Activities that develop continuously are competitive in the use of the existing space, so the conversion of land from one use to another use often happens. In addition, in the limited production forest also there is a difference between the data of area pattern map with the conditions existing where the limited production forest in the SPATIAL regulation with an area of ±7193 hectare while the area of production forest is based on the existing conditions. From the description of the problems, this paper is entitled the typology and changes in space utilization in Sinjai Regency in relation to the Spatial Plan (RTRW) in Sinjai Regency in 2021 nowadays such as what are the dynamics that occur in the field if it is examined from the changes of land use to policy development in this case is the spatial plan in Sinjai Regency. To identify the factors that affect the patterns of changes in the utilization of space in the District of Sinjai. Its implications for the direction of policy development in Sinjai Regency. To analyze changes in the use of space in Sinjai Regency by measuring the level of influence of changes in the utilization of space against the spatial plan of Sinjai Regency. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach with the aim to describe the data collected systematically, carefully, and accurately about certain phenomena in the form of facts, circumstances, the properties of an individual or group, as well as the relationship between the phenomena investigated. The activities carried out is to identify the existing conditions, land use, land-use changes as well as factors that influence it by using the method of analysis superimpose and overlay image data of land use with the model Force Field Analysis. Land use changes in Sinjai Regency in the period 2012-2032 is dominated by the increase of undeveloped land, ponds, and rice fields. This increase is followed by the decrease of the area of the forest, plantation, and shrubs, and there is a big influence so that this affects the disharmony of land use where the disharmony of land use occurred in the forest area.

O envelhecimento é um processo da vida natural e gradual, que em alguns casos podem produzir limitações e alterações. Em termos o bem estar, a saúde bucal , social e mental está se tornando cada vez mais importante no dia a dia dos idosos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a autopercepção das condições de saúde bucal de idosos, por meio de uma busca nas bases de dados GOOGLE ACADÊMICO, SCIELO e LILACS. Os achados mostraram uma autopercepção em saúde oral considerada “ruim” de acordo com o índice Gohai. Então foi analisado e concluído que os cirurgiões dentistas precisam reforçar a atenção na questão para que possam fundamentar a elaboração de programas preventivos, educativos e assistenciais que valorizem a saúde bucal, esclareçam sobre o autocuidado, promovam a saúde e previnam as doenças bucais nos idosos, de modo que se possam manter as condições de saúde bucal necessárias para viver essa etapa da vida com qualidade.

Research suggests that inflammation is linked to both late-onset depression (LOD) and cognitive decline, and that LOD might have biological underpinnings differentiating it from recurrent depression. Evidence from inflammatory proteome analyses in large prospective cohorts is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess whether and which inflammation-related biomarkers are associated with LOD, recurrent depression, and cognitive decline due to vascular pathology (vascular dementia).Ongoing population-based cohort study of older adults followed for up to 17 years with regard to clinical diagnosis of various age-related diseases (ESTHER study, n = 9,940).Longitudinal cohort started in 2000-2002 in a community setting in Saarland, a southwestern German state.Subgroup of randomly selected participants of the ESTHER study (n = 1,665).Inflammatory biomarkers were measured with the Olink Target 96 in baseline samples.Out of 78 biomarkers interleukin 10 (IL-10) and C-C chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4) were associated with significantly increased risk of LOD after multiple testing correction. Hazard ratios (95-confidence interval) per 1 standard deviation increase were 1.37 (1.15-1.63) for IL-10 and 1.34 (1.13-1.59) for CCL4. None of the inflammatory markers was associated with recurrent depression. The dose-response analysis showed a similar monotonic risk increase for LOD and vascular dementia with increasing IL-10 levels.These results suggest that inflammatory markers are involved in the etiology of LOD, but not of recurrent depression and that LOD and vascular dementia might share common inflammatory etiology with respect to IL-10.

En este artículo se examina la competencia por el sentido de la reunión en 2016 del candidato Donald Trump y el presidente Enrique Peña Nieto en tanto performance. Se realizó un análisis textual y un proceso iterativo de codificación de las interpretaciones del performance en 60 columnas de la prensa mexicana. Un discurso sugirió que la visita de Trump contaminó la investidura presidencial y otro que solo contaminó la imagen de Peña Nieto. Se observó el impacto de esta reunión en las columnas mexicanas; futuras investigaciones tendrían que incluir la prensa estadounidense. Se interpreta la manera en que la figura presidencial se legitima o no en tanto representación de la nación, autoridad política y civil. El evento político activó una disputa sobre los efectos del performance en los tres cuerpos de la investidura presidencial encarnada en Peña Nieto.

The epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has changed, influenced by sociosanitary conditions and vaccination status. We aimed to analyze the recent epidemiology of bacterial CAP in hospitalized children in a setting with high pneumococcal vaccination coverage and to describe the clinical characteristics of pediatric Staphylococcus aureus CAP.Children17 years old hospitalized from 2008 to 2018 with bacterial CAP in 5 tertiary hospitals in Spain were included. Cases with pneumococcal CAP were randomly selected as comparative group following a case-control ratio of 2:1 with S. aureus CAP.A total of 313 bacterial CAP were diagnosed: Streptococcus pneumoniae CAP (n = 236, 75.4%), Streptococcus pyogenes CAP (n = 43, 13.7%) and S. aureus CAP (n = 34, 10.9%). Throughout the study period, the prevalence of S. pyogenes increased (annual percentage change: +16.1% [95% CI: 1.7-32.4], P = 0.031), S. pneumoniae decreased (annual percentage change: -4.4% [95 CI: -8.8 to 0.2], P = 0.057) and S. aureus remained stable. Nine isolates of S. aureus (26.5%) were methicillin-resistant. Seventeen cases (50%) with S. aureus CAP had some pulmonary complication and 21 (61.7%) required intensive care. S. pneumoniae CAP showed a trend toward higher prevalence of pulmonary complications compared with S. aureus CAP (69.1% vs. 50.0%, P = 0.060), including higher frequency of pulmonary necrosis (32.4% vs. 5.9%, P = 0.003).The incidence of S. aureus CAP in children remained stable, whereas the prevalence of pneumococcal CAP decreased and S. pyogenes CAP increased. Patients with S. aureus presented a high frequency of severe outcomes, but a lower risk of pulmonary complications than patients with S. pneumoniae.

Bertekun dan sehati mereka berkumpul tiap-tiap hari, hidup dalam persekutuan, makan bersama, dan memuji Allah (Kis 2:41-47) merupakan cara hidup Jemaat Perdana. Pola hidup Jemaat Perdana menjadi contoh hidup Kristiani dewasa ini. Hal yang mau dipaparkan dalam artikel ini adalah doa bersama dalam komunitas dan bagaimana itu menjiwai para pengasuh dalam seluruh pola pengasuhan kepada anak-anak/orang berkebutuh-an khusus. Doa dan hidup berkomunitas menjadi ciri khas hidup umat beriman Katolik secara khusus para pengasuh di komunitas para Suster atau Bruder ALMA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggali pengaruh doa bersama dalam komunitas para pelayan/pengasuh terhadap pelayanan pastoral bagi anak-anak/orang berkebutuhan khusus. Metode yang dipakai adalah kuantitatif inferensial. Pendekatan kuantitatif yang dimaksudkan adalah sebuah langkah untuk membuktikan hubungan antar-variabel. Variabel bebasnya adalah doa bersama dalam komunitas, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah pelayanan pengasuh. Populasinya adalah seluruh pengasuh/perawat anak berkebutuhan khusus di Komplek Dieng No. 40 Malang yang berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling. Seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. Software SPSS versi 16 dipakai oleh penulis dalam rangka mengolah data dan melihat pengaruh antara dua variabel. Taraf signifikannya sebesar 5%. Hasil yang diperoleh: 1) Nilai r-tabel dari 30 sampel untuk variabel bebas dan terikat sebesar 0,361; 2) hasil uji reliabilitas variabel bebas 0,797>0,6 nilai Cronbach’s alpa; sedangkan variabel terikat 0,672; 3) Nilai r-hitung variabel bebas dan variabel terikat 0,138931> r-tabel 0,361. Jadi, H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian, terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara doa bersama dalam komunitas dengan pelayanan pengasuh; 4) Berdasarkan analisa regresi linear sederhana diperoleh nilai konstan dari Unstandardized Coefficients sebesar 32.188, sedangkan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 0,073. Kesimpulannya doa bersama dalam komunitas berpengaruh positif terhadap pelayanan para pengasuh bagi anak-anak/orang berkebutuhan khusus di komunitas.

Introduction: The incidence of primary colorectal lymphoma in the gastrointestinal tract is very low, the rectum being infrequently affected. The development of this entity in inflammatory bowel disease patients usually occurs in a context of immunosuppression-based therapy, with only a few case reports describing its development in patients presenting no known risk factors. Moreover, the clinical presentation of primary colorectal lymphomas may be difficult to distinguish from an acute flare of ulcerative colitis (UC). Case Presentation: We present a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the rectum in a 42-year-old male with a 7-year history of UC and no previous exposure to immunomodulatory agents. He presented with a history of mucous diarrhoea, tenesmus, proctalgia and weight loss, refractory to optimized therapy. A lower gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed revealing a circumferential ulcerated lesion of the rectum, from which histopathological analysis established the diagnosis of a non-Hodgkin diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Discussion/Conclusion: The present case suggests the existence of alternative mechanisms for the development of DLBCL in UC patients. The clinical presentation mimicking an acute flare of UC posed a diagnostic challenge, highlighting the complexity behind the management of UC patients.

The ability to slow or reverse biological ageing would have major implications for mitigating disease risk and maintaining vitality1. Although an increasing number of interventions show promise for rejuvenation2, their effectiveness on disparate cell types across the body and the molecular pathways susceptible to rejuvenation remain largely unexplored. Here we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 20 organs to reveal cell-type-specific responses to young and aged blood in heterochronic parabiosis. Adipose mesenchymal stromal cells, haematopoietic stem cells and hepatocytes are among those cell types that are especially responsive. On the pathway level, young blood invokes new gene sets in addition to reversing established ageing patterns, with the global rescue of genes encoding electron transport chain subunits pinpointing a prominent role of mitochondrial function in parabiosis-mediated rejuvenation. We observed an almost universal loss of gene expression with age that is largely mimicked by parabiosis: aged blood reduces global gene expression, and young blood restores it in select cell types. Together, these data lay the groundwork for a systemic understanding of the interplay between blood-borne factors and cellular integrity.

Convolutional Networks have dominated the field of computer vision for the last ten years, exhibiting extremely powerful feature extraction capabilities and outstanding classification performance. The main strategy to prolong this trend relies on further upscaling networks in size. However, costs increase rapidly while performance improvements may be marginal. We hypothesise that adding heterogeneous sources of information may be more cost-effective to a CNN than building a bigger network. In this paper, an ensemble method is proposed for accurate image classification, fusing automatically detected features through Convolutional Neural Network architectures with a set of manually defined statistical indicators. Through a combination of the predictions of a CNN and a secondary classifier trained on statistical features, better classification performance can be cheaply achieved. We test multiple learning algorithms and CNN architectures on a diverse number of datasets to validate our proposal, making public all our code and data via GitHub. According to our results, the inclusion of additional indicators and an ensemble classification approach helps to increase the performance in 8 of 9 datasets, with a remarkable increase of more than 10% precision in two of them., Comment: 16 pages

Luminescence is ubiquitous in biology research and medicine. Conceptually simple, the detection of luminescence nonetheless faces technical challenges because relevant signals can exhibit exceptionally low radiant power densities. Although low light detection is well-established in centralized laboratory settings, the cost, size, and environmental requirements of high-performance benchtop luminometers are not compatible with geographically-distributed global health studies or resource-constrained settings. Here we present the design and application of a ~$700 US handheld, battery-powered luminometer with performance on par with high-end benchtop instruments. By pairing robust and inexpensive Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) sensors with a low-profile shutter system, our design compensates for sensor non-idealities and thermal drift, achieving a limit of detection of 1.6E-19 moles of firefly luciferase, or approximately 1fW of radiant optical power. Using these devices, we performed split luciferase serology studies to monitor sars-cov-2 antibodies in a cohort in the United States, as well as a field study in Bangladesh.

Infections caused by Mycobacterium abscessus (MABS) are increasingly being reported worldwide. Identifying MABS subspecies and assessing their phenotypic resistance profiles are crucial for optimal management and better patient outcomes. M. abscessus subspecies differ in erm (41) gene functionality, which is a critical determinant of macrolide resistance.

The increase in greenhouse gases (GHG) has been constant since the Industrial Revolution. For this reason, different international organizations have devoted special attention to GHG sinks such as terrestrial soils and ecosystems. However, the initially estimated balances did not include the carbon stock associated with ocean waters, coastal soils and sediments, known as blue carbon. Currently, blue carbon sinks are the subject of numerous studies due to the limited information available, especially on the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula. We studied the organic C stock present in soils and in Zostera marina biomass in the two main meadows in the Ría de Ferrol (O Baño and Castelo de San Felipe). The carbon stock associated with biomass was 0.37 Mg C ha−1, with 0.18 Mg C ha−1 corresponding to the epigeal portion and 0.19 Mg C ha−1 to the hypogeal portion. Soil carbon stock was much higher: 4.11 Mg C ha−1 at a depth of 5 cm and 82.14 Mg C ha−1 at a depth of 1 m. Together with carbon values in biomass, a stock of 82.5 Mg C ha−1 was obtained for the whole Ría de Ferrol. Z. marina accounted for 8.25% of total C in the Ría de Ferrol. These values were higher than those found in other regions. Isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) and C/N ratios indicated that the organic C stock in the O Baño soil may receive important organic matter inputs of terrestrial origin, while in San Felipe, it seems to have a marine origin.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are gaining interest with the increased number of infected patients. NTM Elite agar is designed specifically for the isolation of NTM without the decontamination step.

We measured brain injury markers, inflammatory mediators, and autoantibodies in 203 participants with COVID-19; 111 provided acute sera (1-11 days post admission) and 56 with COVID-19-associated neurological diagnoses provided subacute/convalescent sera (6-76 weeks post-admission). Compared to 60 controls, brain injury biomarkers (Tau, GFAP, NfL, UCH-L1) were increased in acute sera, significantly more so for NfL and UCH-L1, in patients with altered consciousness. Tau and NfL remained elevated in convalescent sera, particularly following cerebrovascular and neuroinflammatory disorders. Acutely, inflammatory mediators (including IL-6, IL-12p40, HGF, M-CSF, CCL2, and IL-1RA) were higher in participants with altered consciousness, and correlated with brain injury biomarker levels. Inflammatory mediators were lower than acute levels in convalescent sera, but levels of CCL2, CCL7, IL-1RA, IL-2Rα, M-CSF, SCF, IL-16 and IL-18 in individual participants correlated with Tau levels even at this late time point. When compared to acute COVID-19 patients with a normal GCS, network analysis showed significantly altered immune responses in patients with acute alteration of consciousness, and in convalescent patients who had suffered an acute neurological complication. The frequency and range of autoantibodies did not associate with neurological disorders. However, autoantibodies against specific antigens were more frequent in patients with altered consciousness in the acute phase (including MYL7, UCH-L1, GRIN3B, and DDR2), and in patients with neurological complications in the convalescent phase (including MYL7, GNRHR, and HLA antigens). In a novel low-inoculum mouse model of SARS-CoV-2, while viral replication was only consistently seen in mouse lungs, inflammatory responses were seen in both brain and lungs, with significant increases in CCL4, IFNγ, IL-17A, and microglial reactivity in the brain. Neurological injury is common in the acute phase and persists late after COVID-19, and may be driven by a para-infectious process involving a dysregulated host response.Graphical abstract(a) The acute cohort (days 1-11 post-hospitilisation) showed elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, brain injury markers, and autoantibodies. The sub-acute/convalescent cohort (weeks to months post-COVID+ve test) retained elevated brain injury markers but lower proinflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies.(b) The mouse model of para-infectious brain with no active viral replication, had increased cytokines (IFNγ and IL-17A) and microglia reactivity (increased Iba1 expression).Created using Biorender.

Supplementary legend

Supplementary Table S2. List of precursors and related fragment ions extracted from PRM acquisition.

Supplementary Table S1. Clinico-pathological characteristics of the 116 women enrolled in the study.

Supplementary Table S3. List of the Pearson correlation coefficients between the two peptides of each protein.

Supplementary Table S4. List of proteins showing statistical differences between patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia (n=9) and the other non-EC controls (n=38) with adjusted p-value 2.

Supplementary Figure 2. CTNB1, XPO2 and CAPG study according to the TCGA classification.

Purpose: Endometrial cancer (EC) diagnosis relies on the observation of tumor cells in endometrial biopsies obtained by aspiration (i.e., uterine aspirates), but it is associated with 22% undiagnosed patients and up to 50% of incorrectly assigned EC histotype and grade. We aimed to identify biomarker signatures in the fluid fraction of these biopsies to overcome these limitations.Experimental Design: The levels of 52 proteins were measured in the fluid fraction of uterine aspirates from 116 patients by LC-PRM, the latest generation of targeted mass-spectrometry acquisition. A logistic regression model was used to assess the power of protein panels to differentiate between EC and non-EC patients and between EC histologic subtypes. The robustness of the panels was assessed by the "leave-one-out" cross-validation procedure performed within the same cohort of patients and an independent cohort of 38 patients.Results: The levels of 28 proteins were significantly higher in patients with EC (n = 69) compared with controls (n = 47). The combination of MMP9 and KPYM exhibited 94% sensitivity and 87% specificity for detecting EC cases. This panel perfectly complemented the standard diagnosis, achieving 100% of correct diagnosis in this dataset. Nine proteins were significantly increased in endometrioid EC (n = 49) compared with serous EC (n = 20). The combination of CTNB1, XPO2, and CAPG achieved 95% sensitivity and 96% specificity for the discrimination of these subtypes.Conclusions: We developed two uterine aspirate-based signatures to diagnose EC and classify tumors in the most prevalent histologic subtypes. This will improve diagnosis and assist in the prediction of the optimal surgical treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 23(21); 6458–67. ©2017 AACR.

Supplementary Table S5. Clinico-pathological characteristics of the 38 women from a previous study used to validate the robustness of the diagnostic panel.

Supplementary Figure 1. LC-PRM data quality control. A. Coefficient of variation (CV) of the peptide signals quantified in the 116 uterine aspirates processed and analyzed by LC-PRM in duplicates. B. Plot representing the Pearson correlation coefficients between the peptides coming from the same protein.

Introduction: Dysphagia is a prevalent condition (20%), and occurs more frequently in women and in older people. It negatively impacts innumerous aspects of patient’s personal and professional lives. Patient-reported outcomes allow patients to directly quantify their experience regarding dysphagia and evaluate its true impact on quality of life. Among the scales available, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Gastrointestinal (PROMIS GI) Disrupted Swallowing stands out because it is a robust instrument that can be applied regardless of the type and etiology of dysphagia. The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate PROMIS GI Disrupted Swallowing scale for the Portuguese-speaking population.Material and Methods: Firstly, the seven items of the scale were translated and transculturally reviewed following the systematic method proposed by the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT). Afterwards, the pre-test version of the questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample (n = 6) for semantic evaluation, with the aim of detection and subsequent correction of possible problems in the translation. The final translated and certified version of the scale was administered to 200 voluntary adult participants (n = 123 healthy; n = 77 dysphagia) in Portugal, for evaluation of reliability and validity.Results: The Portuguese version of PROMIS GI Disrupted Swallowing presented acceptable internal consistency (coefficient of Cronbach’s α of 0.919) and adequate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.941). The translated version of the scale revealed a strong correlation with both Eckardt score (p < 0.001; ρ = 0.782) and the quality-of-life questionnaire EuroQol-5D (p < 0.001; ρ = -0.551), demonstrating evidence of convergent validity.Conclusion: The Portuguese version of PROMIS GI Disrupted Swallowing scale presented conceptual, semantic, cultural and measurement equivalence relatively to the original items. The results attained demonstrated that the translation of this scale to Portuguese is reliable and valid for use both in clinical practice and for research purposes.

BackgroundAcute Encephalitis Syndrome is characterised by acute onset of fever and altered sensorium followed by a rapidly worsening clinical condition and even death. The causative agents vary with season and geographic location, while the etiologies remain unknown in 68-75% of the cases. In Nepal, the cases of acute encephalitis syndrome are tested only for Japanese encephalitis, which constitutes about 15% of the cases globally. However, there could be several causative organisms, including vaccine-preventable etiologies that cause acute encephalitis, which upon identification could direct public health efforts for prevention, including expanded use of vaccines or address gaps in vaccine coverage.ObjectivesThis study employs metagenomic next generation sequencing in the exploration of infectious etiologies contributing to acute encephalitis syndrome in a low-and-middle-income setting.MethodsIn this study, we have investigated 90, Japanese encephalitis-negative, banked retrospective cerebrospinal fluid samples that were collected as part of a national surveillance network in 2016 and 2017. The randomisation was done to include three age groups of 15 years. Only some metadata related to the subjects (age and gender) were known. The analysis was performed in two batches which included total nucleic acid extraction, followed by individual library preparation for DNA and RNA and sequencing on Illumina iSeq100. The generated genomic data were interpreted using CZID and confirmed with polymerase chain reaction.ResultsHuman alphaherpesvirus 2 and Enterovirus B were seen in two of the ninety samples. These hits were confirmed by qPCR and seminested PCR respectively. Most of the other samples were marred by low abundance of pathogen, possible freeze thaw cycles, lack of process controls and associated clinical metadata.ConclusionFrom this study, two documented, causative agents were revealed through metagenomic next generation sequencing. Insufficiency of clinical metadata, process controls, low pathogen abundance and absence of standard operating procedure to collect and store samples in nucleic acid protectants could have impeded the study and incorporated ambiguity while correlating the identified hits to infections. Therefore, there is need of implementing standardized collection procedures for sample collection, including proper process controls and clinical metadata. Despite the challenging conditions, this study highlights the usefulness of mNGS to investigate diseases with unknown etiologies, such as AES, and guide the development of adequate clinical management algorithms and outbreak investigations in low-middle income settings.

Rafael Vallejo Pousada. 2021. Historia del Turismo en España 1928-1962. Economía, política y administración turística. Madrid: Sílex, 742 pp.

Objective:The assessment of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) antibodies is essential to understand the transmission dynamics of contagious disease. The proportion of the population who developed antibodies against the COVID-19 disease can be estimated through population-based serosurveys. This population based cross sectional serosurvey was designed to assess the seroprevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies of COVID-19 infection. Material and methods:A population based cross sectional serosurvey included 1031 residents of Itanagar Capital Complex region (ICR), Arunachal Pradesh, India, aged above five years. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and IgM antibody levels were analyzed by chemiluminescence immunoassay based serological tests. Results:The overall seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM was 92.24% and 7.7%, respectively. The seropositivity of IgG and IgM was 97.68% and 2.32%, respectively, in subjects fully vaccinated with two doses, 97.22% and 13.88%, respectively, in those vaccinated with the first dose, and 80% and 11.33%, respectively, in non-vaccinated participants. In contrast to indigenous tribal participants (IgG 90.55% and IgM 8.88%), seroprevalence was high in non-tribal subjects (IgG 94.72% and IgM 6.84%). Age, ethnicity, and area showed a positive correlation, while vaccination status exhibited a negative correlation with IgG levels (Pearson's coefficient -0.535). Conclusions:This first monocentric serosurvey following the high rate of infection with Delta variant in ICR found a high seropositivity for IgG. Further state level serosurveys are needed to assess the infection status, immunological response and associated comorbidities of COVID-19 infection. Periodic vaccination campaigns and early administration of booster doses to the general public might be beneficial in preserving immunity and prevent illness.