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The Tomakomai CCS Demonstration Project is being conducted over a nine-year period from JFY* 2012 to 2020. The original plan comprised a four years construction, three years CO2 injection and two years post-injection monitoring period, aiming to establish CCS technology for practical use by around 2020. The main objectives and tasks of the project were; 1) demonstrate a full-chain CCS system from capture to storage, 2) demonstrate that the CCS system is safe and reliable, 3) remove concerns about earthquakes by the data collected (As Japan is an earthquake-prone country, removing concerns regarding earthquakes by establishing that natural earthquakes will not affect the CO2 stored, and conversely that the CO2 injection will not induce perceptible tremors is vital), 4) enhance the understanding of CCS through information disclosure and public engagement activities and, 5) acquire operational technology as well as strive towards practical implementation. The project achieved the following results. 1) The operation of a full chain CCS system from capture to storage was conducted successfully, and the target of 300,000 tonnes of CO2 injection was achieved in November 2019. 2) No micro-seismicity or natural earthquakes attributable to CO2 injection were detected in the vicinity of the injection area. 3) The time-lapse monitor seismic surveys showed clear anomalies reflecting the evolution of the CO2 plume. 4) No abnormalities suggesting seepage of injected CO2 into the ocean have been detected in the marine environmental survey. 5) 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake of moment magnitude (Mw) 6.6 did not affect the CO2 stored. 6) The public outreach program has been largely successful, with no major opposition to the project. Information disclosure and diligent efforts to secure the understanding of local stakeholders were of utmost importance. As a future step, the Japanese government plans to implement a CCU demonstration project making efficient use of the Tomakomai facilities and CO2 ship transportation. JCCS is presently supporting a feasibility study being conducted by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). (*JFY denotes April of calendar year to following March)

本論文では，タッチパネルを使わずに片手にてスマートウォッチを操作する手法「ThumbSlide」を示す．ThumbSlideは，スマートウォッチを装着した側の手において，親指を人差し指の側面にてスライドさせた際の親指の移動量を推定することにより，1次元の連続的な入力を可能とする手法である．本手法は，握り動作などによる決定操作を組み合わせることによって，ユーザが片手にてスマートウォッチを操作し，画面をタッチすることなくターゲットを選択することを可能にする．本手法の実装は親指動作に伴う手首の形状変化から親指の移動量を推定することにより行われる．また，決定操作は手が握られた際の手首形状を用いて認識する.本論文は，手首の形状変化を取得するためのデバイスの実装を述べるとともに，実際にデバイスを用いて測定した親指のスライド移動時の手首の形状変化の測定結果および親指移動量推定の精度を述べる．, We present ThumbSlide, which is one-handed thumb interaction technique for smartwatch. This technique realizes continuous manipulation by estimating the moving amount of the thumb. Combining with any determining operation (e.g., clench of the hand), our technique enables the user to select a target by only the hand that is wearing a smartwatch. Our system estimates the moving amount of the thumb by muscles' expansion caused by its movement. The muscle expansion is measured by a specially designed wrist-worn sensor device. Moreover, the device can recognize the clench of the hand as a change of the wrist's contour. In this paper, we show the implementation of ThumbSlide, the experimental data of muscles' expansion caused by movement of the thumb, and the estimation accuracy in the moving amount of the thumb.

本研究では，ユーザが物理的なブロックを積み重ねることにより仮想空間内の3Dモデルを構築することを可能にするために，静電容量に基づくブロックシステム(Capacitive Blocks)を開発した．このシステムにおける個々のブロックは静電容量を持つコンデンサとなるように作られており，3Dプリンタを用いて印刷することが可能である．本システムは，静電容量を計測することにより，積み重ねられたブロックの計数を行う．このため本システムには，ブロック内に電子デバイスを持たない単純な構造を持つ，カメラを使わずに積み重ねられたブロックの計数を行う，という特長がある．, In order to make it possible to construct a 3D model in a virtual space by piling physical blocks, we developed a block system based on capacitance. The block is a capacitor that consists of two layers made of conductive plastic filament and between them a layer made of non-conductive plastic filament, which can be printed out using a 3D printer. This system counts the piled blocks by measuring the capacitance of the piled blocks. Due to this, this system has the merits of being simply constructed, not having electronic devices in the blocks, and counting of the piled blocks without using a camera.

1966年以来, カラハリ砂漠で野生の動物を狩り, 植物を採集して暮らすブッシュマンの生活と社会を観察調査してきました。石器時代を彷彿とさせる生活は, ボツワナ政府主導により1979年から定住化, 集住化の道を歩むことになりました。1997年にはついに故郷の地を追われて新しい居留地へと移住を強いられ, 一千人を超える大集落で生活は激変しました。写真をお見せしながら, 昔の狩猟採集生活とその後の大集落での生活へと急速に変容をきたしてきた様子を紹介します。, I have been engaged in observational research since 1966 on the life and society of the Bushmen (San) who lived on hunting and gathering in the Kalahari Desert. Their migratory life by hunting and gathering which reminded us of the lifestyle of the Stone Age had begun to change rapidly to the sedentary life led by the settlement scheme of the Botswana Government in 1979. People of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) came together to live in the settlement from quite far place, probably as far as some 200 km away. The population of the settlement reached 600 in a few years. In 1997 people were moved again to the new settlement outside of the CKGR through the Development Scheme of the Government and the population of the new settlement increased to more than 1000. People obtained cattle from and were encouraged to cultivate corns and beans by the government but they cannot subsist on without the distribution of rationed food from the government. I analyze and introduce the process of these big sociocultural changes from traditional hunting-gathering life to huge settlement life by showing pictures., 特集4: 雲南懇話会からの寄稿 = Special Issue 4: Contribution from the Yunnan Forum

The Central Kalahari San, living in the central part of Botswana, practice divorce and remarriage frequently. Most people have experienced marriage more than twice in their lives. The rate of polygamous marriage is rather high, and moreover, a kind of love-relationship called zÄ ku, which is usually recognized openly, is widely seen in this society. Four examples of social clusters united by marriage and other sexual relationships are here examined and analyzed to see how those sexual relationships affect inter-personal relations and residential grouping. This is done in order to clarify an aspect of the principle of San social integration.

In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of two distinct techniques (Special Moment Approach & Spatial Frequency Approach) for reviewing the lifelogs, which were collected by lifeloggers who were willing to use a wearable camera and a bracelet simultaneously for two days. Generally, Special moment approach is a technique for extracting episodic events and Spatial frequency approach is a technique for associating visual with temporal and location information, especially heat map is applied as the spatial data for expressing frequency awareness. Based on that, the participants were asked to fill in two post-study questionnaires for evaluating the effectiveness of those two techniques and their combination. The preliminary result showed the positive potential of exploring individual lifelogs using our approaches.

Unfortunately for all articles of Vol. 35 No. 1 the future journal title “Journal of Oceanology and Limnology” was used instead of the current journal title “Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology”. All articles in the issue are aff ected. Please make sure to cite the articles with the following Vol. and No. info: Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 35 No. 1, [page range].

国立大学法人が2004年4月から誕生し、大学の運営方針も大きく変化をとげつつある。大学における研究活動の活性化、産学の連携、大学院教育の充実、また社会人や留学生に対する受け入れ態勢の設備が大きな課題であるが、それと同時にもっと基本となるのが学群、学類における教育の充実である。 ...

Suzuki, Hidekazu, Nagumo, Tamotsu, Tanaka, Jiro (2014): Cocconeis tortilis: a new marine diatom (Bacillariophyta, Cocconeidaceae) from Japan. Phytotaxa 161 (3): 219-226, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.161.3.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.161.3.5

Watanabe, Tsuyoshi, Nagumo, Tamotsu, Sun, Zhongmin, Hasegawa, Kazukiyo, Miyagawa, Tomofumi, Kumada, Misato, Tanaka, Jiro (2013): Morphology and taxonomy of Psammodiscus Round & Mann (Bacillariophyceae: Rhaphoneidales) with a description of the new species Psammodiscus calceatus. Phytotaxa 124 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.124.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.124.1.1

Psammodiscus nitidus (Gregory) Round & D.G. Mann (1980: 371) (Figs 1–18) Basionym: Coscinodiscus nitidus Gregory (1857: 499, pl. 10, fig. 45) TYPE:— UK: Scotland, Lamlash Bay (BM 1343, Hendey 1964: 76, syntype). Size and shape: Cells solitary, attached to sand grains (Figs 1a, b). Valves circular to slightly elliptic in valve view (Figs 2–4). Valve diameter 13.5–28.5 µm, 8–9 striae in 10 µm, 8 areolae in 10 µm (Table 1). Plastids and nucleus: Discoid plastids located along valve surface, number ca. 90 (Fig. 5). Nucleus lies at cell centre (Fig.5). Fine structures of valve: Valve face flat (Fig. 6), striae radiate, reaching mantle (Fig. 6). Areola on valve face (Figs 7, 8) and mantle (Fig. 8) occluded by rotae with 2–3 spokes. Internal views of small valves not observed. Larger valves (Figs 9 and 12) originate from same frustule. Striae and areolae of large valves morphologically similar to those in smaller valves (Figs 9–11); occasionally areola abnormalities visible (Fig. 10). Spokes in areolae not observed from internal view (Fig. 14). Rimoportula: Number of rimoportulae 0–2 (Figs 6, 12, 15) per valve. Rimoportula external opening located near valve centre (Figs 6, 7). Some valves lack central rimoportula (Fig. 15). In larger valves, external opening of rimoportula observed near valve margin (Fig. 10). In internal view, two rimoportulae located at opposite sides near valve margin (Figs 12–14). Rimoportula sessile with simple slit surrounded by ridge (Figs 13, 14). Central small pore: Central small pore located near valve centre (Figs 6, 7). Additional small pore: In larger valve, external opening of small pore observed near valve margin (Fig. 10). Additional small pore situated close to rimoportula near margin (Fig. 14). Cingulum: epicingulum consisting of three open bands: valvocopula (VC), second (2B) and third (3B) bands (Figs 17a, b). Valvocopula and second girdle bands open at 180° to each other (Figs 15, 16, 18). VC with two rows of pores (Fig. 16), its opening covered by ligula of 2B (Figs 16, 17a, 17b). 2B with single row of pores (Fig. 17a, b). 3B narrow with single row of triangular non-occluded pores (Figs 17a, b).

This paper aims to clarify a part of the African hunter-gatherer perception of nature, by describing the San's perception, classification, utilization of and attitudes toward animals, based on field studies, and an analysis of the relationship between humans and animals as embodied in song, dance, drawings, and stories. The San recognize at least three categories of animals. The San regard animals primarily as food, 'kx'ooxo.' Aside from becoming game, the animals are of interest to the San if they harm humans. Thus, the harmful animals comprise the second category in the San animal classification, 'paaxo.' Third, if an animal is both inedible and harmless, it is of no interest to the San. The third category is then the useless, 'goõwahaxozi.' However, the San seem to have a distinctly different recognition of nature from ours that is markedly more differentiating and flexible. The San animal categorization may be said to have a multilevel structure: an animal that is deemed 'kx'ooxo' according to the first level categorization, can become 'paaxo, ' even 'goõwahaxo.' In turn, a 'paaxo' can become 'kx'ooxo' or 'goõwahaxo.' Many kinds of animals appear as motifs in the song, dance, rock paintings, and folk tales of the San. The hunter-gatherer familiarity with the animals is well reflected in their art as well as in their everyday life.

Suzuki, Hidekazu, Nagumo, Tamotsu, Tanaka, Jiro (2012): Cocconeis churalis: a new marine diatom (Bacillariophyta, Cocconeidaceae) from Japan. Phytotaxa 68 (1): 36-44, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.68.1.4, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.68.1.4

大型のタッチ画面を備える携帯情報端末(以降，大端末)を片手にて操作する場合，その大きさゆえに指が届かず，操作が困難な画面領域が存在する．この時ユーザは片手のみを用いて端末の把持姿勢を変えるという煩雑な動作を行う必要があり，不安定な把持及び端末の落下の原因となる．そこで我々は，大端末向けの安定した片手親指操作手法であるTouchOverを示す．TouchOverは画面下部にて発生したタッチイベントを画面上部に転送する．画面上部に対するTouchOverと画面下部に対する直接操作とを使い分けることにより，大端末に対する安定な操作，すなわち片手親指のみを用いた持ち替えを必要としない，画面の全領域に対する操作を実現する．本稿においては，操作の切り替えにホームボタンのダブルタップを用いることにした．この動作の検出のため，我々はAndroid端末におけるホームボタンのダブルタップを検出するウィジェットを作成した．提案手法の評価を行うため，我々はTouchOverのプロトタイプをAndroidアプリケーションとして実装した．本稿ではプロトタイプを用いた使用例及び，性能評価のために行った比較実験の結果を示す．, When users use large mobile devices, which are equipped with a large touchscreen, with their single hand, the region distant from their thumb is too distant for users to control. Then, users have to change their hand posture to control the top half, which is a complex action causing an unstable grip. To solve this problem, we present TouchOver, a single-handed stable control technique using a thumb for large mobile devices. This technique solves the problem by transferring touch events on the bottom half of a touchscreen to the upper half. Using TouchOver for the top half and direct touch for the bottom half allows users to control a large mobile device stably, that is a control for all region of a touchscreen only using their thumb without changing the hand posture. We made a widget to make the Android smartphone to detect double tapping its home button, to provide a trigger to activate/deactivate TouchOver. We present the use cases and user studies for measuring the performance of TouchOver.

In this paper, we introduce a tilting interface that controls direction based applications in ubiquitous environments. A tilt interface is useful for situations that require remote and quick interactions or that are executed in public spaces. We explored the proposed tilting interface with different application types and classified the tilting interaction techniques. Augmenting objects with sensors can potentially address the problem of the lack of intuitive and natural input devices in ubiquitous environments. We have conducted an experiment to test the usability of the proposed tilting interface to compare it with conventional input devices and hand gestures. The experiment results showed greater improvement of the tilt gestures in comparison with hand gestures in terms of speed, accuracy, and user satisfaction., Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures

Although digital notes have many functions intended to be operated with a stylus, the digital notes interface is not always user-friendly when a stylus is used. One reason for this shortcoming is that the interface was designed based on the WIMP interface. In this paper, we describe a technique to overcome this obstacle. This technique uses stylus motions made in the air (called stylus actions) as interactions. We applied Shortcut Actions to digital notes in an experiment to test this use of the stylus actions. The results of this experiment indicate that the Shortcut Actions were effective., The original publication is available at JAIST Press http://www.jaist.ac.jp/library/jaist-press/index.html, KICSS 2007 : The Second International Conference on Knowledge, Information and Creativity Support Systems : PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE, November 5-7, 2007, [Ishikawa High-Tech Conference Center, Nomi, Ishikawa, JAPAN]

魅力ある大学院教育イニシアティブ：実践IT力を備えた高度情報学人材育成プログラム

Sedentarization of the Central Kalahari San, a hunting-gathering people, is in progress following the introduction of school, medical clinic, stable water supply, etc. to their habitat. This paper describes the changes in hunting and gathering activities, residential patterns, and distribution of meat among individuals due to these introduced impacts, and analyzes the people's reactions to the modernization reflected in the coexistence of traditional egalitarianism and introduced monetary economics, the conflicting old and new value systems, and the changes of social maintenance mechanisms due to the concentration of population. The concentration of about 500 people at one settlement resulted in the disappearance of vegetable foods around the settlement and the gathering activities became inefficient and infrequent. Also the hunting field became distant, and, in place of the former solitary bow-and-arrow hunting, equestrian hunting by means of horses and donkeys became popular. The inflow of monetary economics, change of hunting methods, and concentration of population induced a great change in the distribution of meat in spite of little change in the per capita supply of meat. Although there coexist the traditional value system and the introduced value system in various perspectives, the people selectively imbibe the introduced culture, and integrate it into a new culture of their own. However, the present state is transitional, and there are many problems.

The Central Kalahari San, living in the central part of Botswana, practice divorce and remarriage frequently. Most people have experienced marriage more than twice in their lives. The rate of polygamous marriage is rather high, and moreover, a kind of love-relationship called zaku, which is usually recognized openly, is widely seen in this society. Four examples of social clusters united by marriage and other sexual relationships are here examined and analyzed to see how those sexual relationships affect inter-personal relations and residential grouping. This is done in order to clarify an aspect of the principle of San social integration.

The excited level population of hydrogen in dense plasma has been calculated by the collisional-radiative model. We took the ion density and the ground-state atom density as parameters, instead of assuming an ionization balance. We have found that, in the ionizing phase, the population density follows the distribution proportional to p-4.1 (p is the principal quantum number of the exited level.) In the recombining phase it is proportional to p2.3. The Balmer series spectrum corresoponding to these phases has been calculated, where the Stark line broadening and the continuum emissions were taken into account. It was found that these spectra differ substantially from each other. By using an optical multichannel analyzer, the Balmer series spectrum has been observed from a z-pinch plasma. The spectrum taken at the time of the maximum compression is consistent with the recombining plasma. On the basis of the above finding, we discuss the problem of the “transparency window” : a substantial reduction of the emission intensity near the series limit, which has been observed in dense plasmas. We conclude that our spectrum of the ionizing phase plasma could account for the apparent transparency window so far reported.

The author compares two modes of living in African continent, hunting-gathering and pastoralism, and discusses man's adaptation to arid environment. First, the author deals with the San, hunter-gatherers of the Karahari, and the Rendille, camel pastoralists of arid area in northern Kenya, describing the characteristics of their environments, livelihood, and societies. Secondly, he compares them with other hunter-gatherers, pastoralists, and agriculturalists inhabiting less arid habitat, and points out that pastoralism is suited to drier environment, agriculture to wetter environment of the land hunting-gathering is widely adaptive to both. Through further examination of the land and resource utilization, material culture, demographic features, and social organizations of the San and the Rendille, he concludes that the extensive land utilization accompanied by frequent migration--common to both peoples--should be interpreted as an adaptation to arid environment, and that their quantitatively limited material culture, elaborate demographic regulation, and flexible social structure are remarkable characteristics of the societies in arid regions.

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。

1978, 【要旨】