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The use of adapted breeds, such as Santa Ines, is of paramount importance for regions with high temperatures because they develop efficient mechanisms for heat dissipation. Furthermore, some breeds have physiological adaptations, such as more efficient mechanisms for the digestion of fibrous foods (e.g. Rabo Largo), which can reduce the harmful effects of semiarid environments. We studied the ingestive behaviour, water consumption, and physiological parameters during feeding of two native sheep breeds fed diets containing high (700 g/kg DM; HC diet) or low (300 g/kg DM; LC diet) percentages of concentrates, based on dry matter (DM). A total of 40 uncastrated male lambs (20 Rabo Largo [breed 1] and 20 Santa Ines [breed 2], with an average body weight of 16.68 ± 2.78 kg, and 19.29 kg ± 3.28 kg, respectively), were distributed in a randomised block design in a two-by-two factorial scheme (breeds × diets) with 10 repetitions. Santa Ines lambs consumed and ruminated DM (P = 0.029 for both) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF; P = 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively) more efficiently than RaboLargo lambs, while the latter showed an increase in respiratory rate (+19 breaths/min) and rectal temperature (+1.3 °C) compared to the Santa Ines lambs (P = 0.001). The HC diet negatively affected (P < 0.05) the feeding behaviour of the animals, reflecting the higher (P < 0.05) water consumption. The results showed that diets rich in concentrate negatively affected the thermoregulation of lambs. Santa Ines have greater feed and thermoregulatory efficiency than Rabo Largo lambs under conditions of heat stress in the feedlot.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:46:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 This research evaluates beef burger patties made with meat from animals fed with the addition of 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% lauric acid as a diet supplement. Beef burger patties showed no change (p >.05) in most physicochemical characteristics (centesimal composition, cooking loss, water activity, color parameters), lipid oxidation, and fatty acid (FA) concentrations. The pH, C12:0 and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration of beef burger patties from young bulls fed with 1.5% lauric acid were higher (p

This experiment aimed to compare the effects of adding babassu mesocarp flour (BMF) in goat kids diets on physiological response, feeding behaviour and water intake. Twenty-eight goat kids (24.5 Â ...

The aim of this study was evaluate to seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in goats worldwide and the main risk factors associated from 2000 to 2020, through meta-analysis with 55,317 goats from 75 reports published in seven electronic databases of major global importance. A global seroprevalence detected was 27.49% (95% CI 24.15-30.95; I2 = 99%), with the lowest percentage in Asia (20.74%; 95% CI 16.45-25.39) and highest in Central America (62.15%; 95% CI 57.28-66.90) and Europe (31.53%; 95% CI 21.71-42.26). The seropositivity in Africa and South America were (29.41%; 95% CI 19.11-40.89) and (29.76%; 95% CI 25.84-33.83), respectively. The seroprevalence was associated with presence of cats (OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.30-3.82), goats older than one year (OR 1.77; 95% CI 1, 37-2.29), females (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.23-1.65), rearing system (extensive vs. intensive) (OR 4.82; 95% CI 1.96-11, 84) and rearing system (semi-intensive vs. intensive) (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.48-6.13). The heterogeneity was evidenced in most world regions and the risk factors may play roles in varying the seroprevalence.

This study aimed to examine the productive and metabolic parameters, carcass and meat characteristics of lambs fed sorghum silage treated with urea and Lactobacillus buchneri. Forty whole male Santa Ines lambs fed a diet with a 50:50 roughage: concentrate ratio, and randomly assigned to four groups considering roughage treatments SS - sorghum silage without additive; SSI - sorghum silage with inoculant (Lactobacillus buchneri, 105 CFU/g fresh matter); SSU - sorghum silage with urea [1% dry matter (DM)]; or SSUI - sorghum silage with urea and inoculant. The experiment was a completely randomized design with ten replicates, each animal represented an experimental unit. The intakes of DM (DMI) (P

The experiment aimed to evaluate the fermentative and nutritional profile of the silage of four soybean plant genotypes (BRS 333 RR, Pampeanas: C50, C60, and C70) ensiled with levels of sugarcane (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, in factorial scheme 4 × 5 (four soybean genotypes and five levels of sugarcane inclusion) with four replicates. Silages with 100% soybean plant presented the highest levels of butyric acid (P

This study aimed to determine the protein and carbohydrate fractions as well as the in situ rumen degradability of Brachiaria decumbens silage (BDS) supplemented with soybean hulls. Five soybean hull inclusion levels were used: 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% of the fresh matter of B. decumbens grass, distributed into a completely randomized design with five replications. The inclusion of soybean hulls caused a linear decrease (p &lt, 0.001) in carbohydrate fractions A + B1 and a linear increase (p &lt, 0.001) in carbohydrate fraction C. The percentage of non-protein nitrogen fraction increased linearly (p &lt, 0.001), but the nitrogen fractions B1 + B2 and B3 presented a negative quadratic effect (p &lt, 0.01) with soybean hull level and fraction C presented a linear decrease (p &lt, 0.001). The dry matter (DM) degradability of soluble fraction (A) and the undigestible DM decreased linearly (p &lt, 0.01) with the soybean hull level. The potentially degradable water-insoluble portion (DM fraction B) and degradability rate (c) of the DM fraction B increased linearly (p &lt, 0.001) with soybean hull level. The crude protein (CP) fraction A presented a linear increase (p &lt, 0.001) with soybean hull inclusion, however, soybean hull levels caused a linear decrease (p &lt, 0.001) in the CP level of fraction B. The degradable insoluble fraction of NDF (D) of the silage increased linearly (p &lt, 0.001) and the indigestible NDF fraction of the silage was linearly decreased with the soybean hull level (p &lt, 0.001). The inclusion of intermediate levels (20&ndash, 30%) of soybean hulls provided better protein and carbohydrate fractions and better quality of BDS.

Licuri cake, which is manufactured from pressed palm seeds after their oil has been extracted, has the potential to energy supplement the diets of ruminants, and it can change the biohydrogenation mechanism, which is the main determinant of the fatty acid profile in meat improving fatty acid profile in meat for greater functions in human health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of licuri cake inclusion replacing soybean meal in the diet of Nellore young bulls, based on growth performance, physicochemical properties, fatty acid quality and sensorial attributes. Thirty-two young bulls, with an initial mean body weight of 346 ± 32.5 kg, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments (Licuri cake inclusion at levels 0, 7, 14 and 21% DM total) and eight experimental units per treatment. The inclusion of the licuri cake replacing soybean meal linearly decreased the dry matter intake (DMI) and weight gain of the bulls (P 0.05). The licuri cake inclusion linearly increased the concentration of the myristic acid (C14:0) by 1.39 g/100 g FAME or 28.2% in the longissumus lumborum of the animals (P

The aim of this work was to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Maranhao State, Brazil, and identify risk factors associated with infection. In total, 338 buffaloes of different ages and both sexes from four farms were randomly selected. Information about the study region, animals and management was collected using an epidemiological questionnaire. Sera were subjected to an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) to detect anti-N caninum antibodies, while N. caninum DNA was detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum in buffaloes was 27.5% (93/338), while DNA was detected in 3.0% (3/101) samples. The proportion of positive animals detected by IFAT and PCR simultaneously was 2.6% (2/77). The risk factors for N. caninum infection were contact with fomites (p = 0.022), management conditions (p = 0.005), calving interval of 20 months (p = 0.010) and deworming management (application 3 times a year in adults and calves, p = 0.020; change of anthelmintic group, p = 0.040). By multivariate analysis, management conditions was a risk factor for N. caninum infection with odds ratio of 2.2 (95% CI 1.0–4.6). This is the first report of the prevalence and risk factors for neosporosis in B. bubalis of Maranhao State, Brazil. Thus, N. caninum is widely distributed in buffalo herds in Maranhao, with management conditions being a risk factor for infection. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the importance of buffaloes in the epidemiology of neosporosis in Maranhao State.

We estimated the seroprevalence and possible risk factors for neosporosis and toxoplasmosis in goats in the state of Maranhao, Brazil. In addition, the variables related to these animals and the management of the farm were investigated in terms of the significance of the associations. In total, 383 serum samples from goats, of both sexes and different ages, were collected from 15 farms in four municipalities. The indirect immunofluorescence test was used for antibody detection against Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum in goats was 26.4% (101/382; IC 95% 22.3–31.1), and 114 out of 383 serum samples were T. gondii-seropositive (29.8%, IC 95% 25.4–34.5). In addition, the seroprevalence of coinfection of T. gondii and N. caninum in goats was 8.6% (33/382; IC 95% 6.2–11.8). The risk factors significantly associated with the seroprevalence of N. caninum were age, type of sheepfold floor, rearing system, feeding, pasture area cultivated, cats having access to the feed deposits, worming, slaughter place of the animals, history of abortion and the presence of dogs and cats. Regarding the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection, age, category, presence of other species and purpose of breeding were the risk factors. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the seroprevalence and risk factors for N. caninum and T. gondii in goats in the state of Maranhao, Brazil, which provides basic data for the implementation of strategies and control measures against neosporosis and toxoplasmosis.

The current study aimed to select the strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from forage cactus plants and silage and assess their effects on silage fermentation and aerobic stability. Forty wild isolates from plant and cactus silage, classified as LAB, were evaluated for metabolite production and identified by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. These wild isolates were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, Weissella cibaria, Weissella confusa and Weissella paramesenteroides and the LAB populations differed among the silage. The use of microbial inoculants did not influence gas or effluent losses in forage cactus silage. The silage inoculated with the microbial strain GP15 showed the highest number of LAB populations. The amounts of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and ammonia nitrogen differed among the silage. The silage inoculated with the GP1 strain presented the highest WSC. Populations of enterobacteria and yeasts and moulds were below the minimum detection limit (

This meta-analysis aimed to estimate N. caninum seroprevalence in goats worldwide to determine the main risk factors for seropositivity that could be associated with parasite infection in herds. Four electronic databases were searched: PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and the VHL Regional Portal. Firstly, 367 articles were identified. After removing duplicates and non-eligible papers. A total of 36 articles were selected, which contained information concerning 22,234 goats, between 2004-2019. The combined seroprevalence of infection using a meta-analysis of the random effects model was 5.99 % (95 %, CI 4.38-7.83). The overall estimated N. caninum seroprevalence showed high heterogeneity, I2 = 97 %. The present study showed that seropositive goats were 3.07 times more likely to abort (OR 3.07; 95 % CI 1.02-9.22) than seronegative animals. The presence of dogs on farms also increased the odds of N. caninum seropositivity (OR 1.40; 95 % CI 1.01-1.94). In addition, male animals had higher odds of being seropositive to neosporosis than females (OR 1.31; 95 % CI 1.00-1.71). N. caninum seroprevalence in goats is widely distributed worldwide, with the American continent having a higher proportion of seropositive animals.

Neste trabalho objetivou-se verificar a influência do uso de tela de polipropileno com 80% de retenção luminosa nas respostas fisiológicas de ovinos da raça Santa Inês submetidos a pastejo; para isto, um experimento foi montado em Petrolina, PE, no período de junho a novembro de 2010 e adotados dois tratamentos (com sombreamento e sem sombreamento) com 20 animais em cada um. Aferiu-se a temperatura retal, a temperatura da superfície cutânea e a frequência respiratória, às 7 h e 15 h, duas vezes por semana. Foram medidos dados meteorológicos visando à determinação do índice de temperatura de globo negro e umidade, a cada 2 h, por 24 h durante todo o experimento. Verificou-se, após análise dos dados, que os ovinos do tratamento com sombreamento sofreram redução em todas as variáveis fisiológicas avaliadas, quando comparados com os do tratamento sem sombreamento. A utilização do sombreamento é justificada, em especial no período da tarde visto que todas as variáveis sofrem maior alteração. In order to verify the influence of the use of polypropylene fabric with light retention 80 in physiological responses of Santa Inês sheep under grazing, an experiment was conducted in Petrolina, PE, between June to November of 2010. Two treatments (with and without shading) were adopted with 20 animals in each. Rectal temperature, skin surface temperature and respiratory rate at 7:00 am and 3:00 pm twice a week were measured. Meteorological data were recorded for the determinations of the temperature index of black globe and humidity, every 2:00 hours during 24 hours, throughout the experiment. It was verified after analysis of the data that sheep under shade treatment had suffered reductions in all physiological variables evaluated, when compared with the treatment without shade. The use of shading is justified, in particular in the afternoon, since all variables showed greater change.

There have been few studies on the use of diets and strategies to reduce the postpartum anoestrus in dairy goats, especially in tropical semi-arid regions. This review discusses the factors influencing the return of postpartum ovarian activity in goats. The duration of puerperal anoestrus in goats directly affects the productivity of the herd. During the postpartum period, goats showed a puerperal anoestrus due to physiological changes in their reproductive tract to achieve a new conception. Anoestrus occurs as a result of tissue renewal in the uterus (uterine involution) which is associated with the return of cyclic ovarian activity, and is influenced by factors such as suckling of the offspring, the period of lactation, social interactions, body condition score (BCS) before and after birth, intensity of negative energy balance (NEB) and stress from adverse climatic conditions for example; the heat. The period of anoestrus can be extended, due to the delay in the cyclic reproductive activity in the puerperium. To minimize the negative effects of postpartum anoestrus on productivity, we recommend a mating season and a plan for the kidding period, as well as a program to increase the BCS during pregnancy so that the animals will have a better BCS at parturition and a nutritional plan for the lactation period. Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-12T17:00:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Factors-affecting-postpartum-ovarian-activity-of-goats-in-2021.pdf: 406547 bytes, checksum: 031ccc3434cce2baee2601ddffcddd17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

This study was carried out to compare Day 0 and traditional protocols for in vivo embryo production. Twenty-two crossbred ewes were used as embryo donors and assigned to two groups. Ewes from Traditional protocol were submitted to estrus synchronization with CIDR for 14 days and superovulation treatment was induced 60 h before the withdrawal of CIDR with 240 mg pFSH. Donors from Day 0 protocol were subjected to a short-term protocol of estrus synchronization (6 days) and superovulation treatment was the same to the other group, but it started 84 h after CIDR withdrawal. Embryo recoveries were performed using the transcervical method. All embryo donors (100%) presented estrus regardless of the hormone protocol used. The treatments did not affect the ovarian response, as well as quality and viability of embryos (P > 0.05). Treatments had a small dispersion of estrus, 81.81% (9/11) animals from the Traditional protocol group presented estrus 20 h after CIDR withdrawal and 90.9% (10/11) of the Day 0 protocol group presented estrus 24 h. Regarding embryo production, there was no significant difference between hormonal treatments for the different parameters evaluated (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that the Day 0 protocol was not different from the Traditional protocol in crossbred ewes. Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-27T18:17:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ComparisonbetweenDay0andtraditionalprotocols2019.pdf: 1049383 bytes, checksum: 9a81a74245ef852dac17b41ae27357f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Native fruits from Caatinga vegetation can be an important alternative to improve the productive performance of kids in the semi-arid region of Brazil. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Umbuzeiro fruits in natura over the weight gain and anthelmintic control of kids kept in Buffel grass pasture in the semi-arid zone of Pernambuco, Brazil. Twenty-four castrated, crossbreed kids were allocated into three treatments: 1) Control (n = 8) fed exclusively with Buffel grass; 2) Umbu 1x (n = 8) fed with fruits once a week and 3) Umbu 3x (n = 8) fed with fruits for three times a week. The following parameters were evaluated: variation of body weight, faecal egg counts (FEC) and coproculture. Overall, the average consumption of Umbu fruits in natura was 1.48 kg/animal/day, which corresponded to 133.5 g daily dry matter intake (DMI/animal/day). There were no significant difference (P>0.05) for any parameters evaluated. During the experimental period, the overall daily weight gain was variable between 108.75 to 116.70 g/animal/day and the average FEC was 436 eggs. In the present study, the goat kids supplemented with fresh umbu fruits showed a good productive performance, however the supplementation with umbu did not control the infestation of gastrointestinal nematodes in kids.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake, digestibility, performance, and carcass characteristics of lambs fed different levels of replacement (0, 15, 30, and 45 % based on dry matter, DM) of soybean meal (SM) by detoxified castor meal (DCM). Twenty-four and 32 intact hair lambs of nondescript breed (21.7 ± 2.6 kg of initial average body weight and approximately 10 months old) were used, respectively, in the intake and digestibility and performance experiments. The diets were composed of buffel grass hay, ground corn grain, and different levels of SM, DCM, and urea, in a roughage-to-concentrate ratio of 40:60. There was no effect of treatments on DM intake. However, crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intakes were higher at 30 and 45 % than at 0 and 15 % of DCM, which in turn showed higher intake of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) (P

O trabalho apresenta resultados de transferência de tecnologias do manejo reprodutivo de ovinos de corte na Associação dos Produtores do Sítio Pimenta, em Dormentes, PE. Utilizaram-se 92 ovelhas locais, mestiças Santa Inês-Bergamácia, em três experimentos, tendo-se avaliado: no Experimento I, dois níveis de Nutrientes Digestíveis Totais (NDT); no Experimento II, três níveis de ureia no suplemento concentrado antes da estação de monta. Foram determinados ganho de peso total (GPT), ganho médio diário (GMD), taxa de parição e prolificidade. No Experimento III, foram determinados período de serviço pós-parto e intervalo entre partos (IEP). No Experimento I, foram obtidos GPTs médios de 3,5 kg, GMD de 63,8 g/dia, taxa de parição de 86,9% e prolificidade de 1,1. No Experimento II, foram obtidos GPTs médios de 0,56 kg, GMD de 13,4 g/dia, taxa de parição de 77,7% e prolificidade de 1,1. No Experimento III, o período de serviço médio foi de 57,8 dias e o IEP, de 209,8 dias. Os suplementos concentrados mostraram-se adequados para ganho de peso e a manutenção da atividade reprodutiva das ovelhas durante a época seca. O período de serviço e o IEP das ovelhas no início do período chuvoso foram curtos, demonstrando alta eficiência reprodutiva. Os produtores participaram ativamente das atividades e passaram a aplicar as técnicas utilizadas. Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-02T01:02:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel2012.pdf: 782323 bytes, checksum: ae6c1d0dd604b01d1f26a47e0194b8e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-17

This study aimed to evaluate the return of post partum ovarian activity in dairy goats supplemented with different levels of energy during the dry period in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco. Twenty-four animals were allocated into four treatments of six animals each: Control, consisting of goats that had access to pasture and only received 4 kg of fresh palm, and three groups with isoproteic supplementation (20% Crude Protein), ranging in TDN content of 65%, 75% and 85%. The daily milk yield showed a linear growth behavior (P 0.05). We concluded that the supplementation with different levels of energy promoted a positive effect, as increased productive parameters and reduced the number of days for the reestablishment of the reproductive parameters postpartum; for instance, uterine involution, return to estrus and consequently return of ovarian activity postpartum.