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The United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) encourage countries to solve many social problems. One of these problems is homelessness. We rank states in the United States with respect to youth homelessness and the achievement of these goals. We use fuzzy similarity measures to determine the degree of similarity between these rankings. Given a similarity measure between two categories, we introduce a method using type-2 fuzzy sets that determines a similarity of a subcategory of one category with the other category. In particular, given a similarity measure between youth homelessness and the SDGs, we determine a similarity measure between youth vulnerable to toxic stress and the SDGs and also youth vulnerable to human trafficking and the SDGs. We also use a relatively new similarity measure, an [Formula: see text]-dimensional similarity measure.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and effective treatment option for adolescents with severe obesity, but no long-term studies are available with more than10 years of follow-up data to document sustained improved outcomes.A total of 96 patients who completed MBS at 21 years of age or younger in a tertiary academic center 2002 to 2010 were contacted for a telehealth visit. Body weight, comorbidity status, social/physical function status, and long-term complications were evaluated 10 to 18 years after surgery.Mean participant (83% female, 75% Hispanic) age at MBS was 18.8 (±1.6) years (median age 19 years, range 15-21 years), and median pre-MBS BMI was 44.7 kg/m 2 (SD 6.5). At follow-up (mean 14.2 [±2.2] years) post-MBS (90.6% Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB] or 8.3% laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding [LAGB]) mean total body weight decreased by 31.3% (interquartile range [IQR] 20.0% to 38.9%); 32.0% (IQR, 21.3% to 40.1%) among RYGB participants and 22.5% (IQR, 0.64% to 28.3%) among LAGB participants. Patients with pre-MBS hyperlipidemia (14.6%), asthma (10.4%), and diabetes/hyperglycemia (5.2%) reported 100% remission at follow-up (p0.05 for all). Pre-post decrease in hypertension (13.5% vs 1%, p = 0.001), sleep apnea (16.7% vs 1.0%, p0.001), gastroesophageal reflux disease (13.5% vs 3.1%, p = 0.016), anxiety (7.3% vs 2.1%, p = 0.169), and depression (27.1% vs 4.2%, p0.001) were also found.Significant sustained reductions in weight and comorbidities, and low rates of long-term complications, a decade or more after completing MBS as an adolescent were found. These findings have important implications for adolescents who may be considering MBS for weight reduction and overall health improvements that extend into adulthood.

Purpose. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an evidence-based safe, effective treatment for obesity. However, only half of referred or eligible persons complete the procedure for unknown reasons. The proposed study examined the association between the degree of body appreciation and the decision to complete MBS by ethnicity. Methods. This prospective cohort study included 409 participants who had been referred to a bariatric surgeon or an obesity medicine program between August 2019 to May 2022. Participants completed a survey about health behaviors and psychosocial characteristics, including body appreciation by MBS completion status (Y/N). Crude and adjusted odd ratios of predictors of MBS completion were compared by ethnicity using logistic regression. Results. The sample mean age was 47.18 years (SD 11.63), 86% were female. 40% identified as non-Hispanic White (NHW), 37.81% as non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and 18.08% as Hispanic. Over a third of the sample (31.2%, n=127) completed MBS. Overall, body appreciation did not differ between MBS completers and non-completers (p-value=0.70). Hispanic and NHB participants had greater body appreciation compared to NHWs (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.16-1.51, p-value Conclusion. Although NHB and Hispanic MBS candidates had greater body appreciation than NHWs, body appreciation did not correlate with MBS completion. Level of evidence Level III: Evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and effective treatment option for severe obesity. The utilization and health and safety outcomes of MBS in the United States (US) during the COVID-19 pandemic versus 2015-2019 among adolescent and adult populations and by ethnic group is largely unknown.The 2015-2020 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) longitudinal (30-day) cohort data was used to compare adolescent and adult (N = 1,134,522) post-operative outcomes and to calculate MBS utilization pre-pandemic (2015-2019) versus pandemic (2020). Cochran-Armitage trend tests compared MBS utilization and safety outcomes over time from 2015 to 2020. Logistic regression analysis compared the odds of hospital readmission and MBS completion pre-pandemic versus pandemic by key characteristics.MBS utilization increased by 8.1% among youth (from 970 to 1140 procedures) and decreased by 10.2% among adults (from 205,232 to 167,384) from 2019 to 2020, respectively. MBS increased by 18.5% during the pandemic for youth who identified as other/multiracial (P trend 0.001). Among US youth, the number of reoperations and reinterventions significantly decreased over the 6-year time frame (P trend .001). Among US adults, 30-day post MBS mortality, reoperations, readmissions, and reinterventions all showed a significant decrease over time (P trend .001) while septic shock and sepsis increased from pre-pandemic to the first year of the pandemic (P trend 0.001).In comparison to 2019 (or to previous years), US MBS utilization increased for youth but decreased for adults during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Safety outcomes were comparable to those of the pre-pandemic years.

Pediatric emergency medicine is a subspecialty known for high acuity, high stress, and variable scheduling that may be difficult to maintain as one gets older. This survey sought to gain information on the reasons or plans for early retirement in pediatric emergency medicine and offer ways to address these concerns to improve longevity in the field.A cross-sectional survey was sent via email to board-certified pediatric emergency medicine physicians who were older than 50 years to assess preretirement and postretirement considerations. Results were collected from October 3, 2019, through March 15, 2020.Pediatric emergency medicine physicians who find it more difficult to perform simple procedures are 3.02 (1.23-7.36) times more likely to retire before the age of 66 years. In addition, women were significantly more likely to report an intention to retire before the age of 66 years versus men (50% vs 31%, P = 0.022).The topic of retirement in a field that requires a wide range of procedural skills as well as constantly evolving technology is important. Understanding when and why physicians choose to retire may identify strategies to make it possible for pediatric emergency medicine physicians to prolong their careers. This may involve changes in work hours, a shift in responsibilities to a greater educational or mentor role, and/or providing opportunities to maintain skills.Perceived basic procedure skills deterioration significantly increased the risk for early retirement. In addition, women were significantly more likely to express intention to retire before the age of 66 years. Further research should be directed toward obtaining more detailed information to develop strategies to retain pediatric emergency medicine physicians in a capacity that benefits the physician, their institution, and their patients.

In this paper, we determine operations on intuitionistic fuzzy graphs. The purpose is to apply the results to the combination of human trafficking routes. However, we use arbitrary dual [Formula: see text]-norms and [Formula: see text]-conorms to form these combinations since they determine more accurate models than maximum and minimum. We illustrate our results by combining two human trafficking routes from Central America to the United States.

ImportanceMetabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective and safe treatment for obesity and its comorbidities, but less than 50% of those who are eligible and referred for MBS complete the procedure. The patient-physician relationship could be a decisive factor in the decision to complete MBS; however, this relationship has not been explored, particularly among racially and ethnically diverse populations.ObjectiveTo examine the association between patient-reported satisfaction with their patient-physician relationship and MBS completion by self-reported racial and ethnic group.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study included 408 patients who were referred to a bariatric surgeon or obesity medicine program between July 24, 2019, and May 19, 2022.ExposurePatient satisfaction with their physician was measured by 7 dimensions (general satisfaction, technical quality, interpersonal manner, communication, financial aspects, time spent with physician, and accessibility and convenience) using the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCompletion status for MBS (yes or no).ResultsA total of 408 patients (mean [SD] age, 47.3 [11.6] years; among 366 with data available, 317 [86.6%] women and 49 [13.4%] men) were included in the study. Of 363 patients with data available on race and ethnicity, 66 were Hispanic/Latinx (18.2%), 136 (37.5%) were non-Hispanic Black, 146 (40.2%) were non-Hispanic White, and 15 (4.1%) were other race or ethnicity. A total of 124 patients (30.4%) completed MBS. Overall, the mean (SD) patient satisfaction score was significantly greater in MBS completers vs noncompleters (3.86 [0.56] vs 3.61 [0.64]; P P = .46 for interaction).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that there is an association between patient satisfaction with the patient-physician relationship and the decision to complete MBS regardless of race and ethnicity. These findings have important implications for strategies to improve the proportion of qualified patients who complete MBS to achieve improved health outcomes.

Most pediatric COVID-19 cases are asymptomatic; however, a small number of children are diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a rare but severe condition that is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Persistent symptoms of COVID-19 illness in children diagnosed with/without MIS-C is largely unknown. A retrospective EHR review of patients with COVID-19 illness from one pediatric healthcare system to assess the presence of acute (120 days) long-term COVID symptoms was conducted. Patients/caregivers completed a follow-up survey from March 2021 to January 2022 to assess the presence of long COVID. Results showed that non-MIS-C children (n = 286; 54.49% Hispanic; 19.23% non-Hispanic Black; 5.77% other ethnicity; 79.49% government insurance) were younger (mean age 6.43 years [SD 5.95]) versus MIS-C (n = 26) children (mean age 9.08 years, [SD 4.86]) (p = 0.032). A share of 11.5% of children with MIS-C and 37.8% without MIS-C reported acute long COVID while 26.9% and 15.3% reported chronic long COVID, respectively. Females were almost twice as likely to report long symptoms versus males and those with private insurance were 66% less likely to report long symptoms versus those with government insurance. In conclusion, a substantial proportion of ethnically diverse children from low resource backgrounds with severe COVID illness are reporting long-term impacts. Findings can inform pediatric professionals about this vulnerable population in post-COVID-19 recovery efforts.

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy, identify risk factors and examine related adverse outcomes in the US children with asthma.Design, setting and participantsThis population-based, cross-sectional study included 1776 children with asthma from the 2011–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.ExposuresPolypharmacy is defined as taking ≥2 medications concurrently for ≥1 day over the past 30 days.Main outcomes and measures(1) Weighted prevalence estimates of polypharmacy in children with asthma; (2) asthma attacks and emergency department (ED) visits.ResultsThe estimated prevalence of polypharmacy in the US children with asthma was 33.49% (95% CI 31.81% to 35.17%). 15.53% (95% CI 14.31% to 16.75%), 12.63% (95% CI 11.37% to 13.88%) and 5.33% (95% CI) of participants were taking 2, 3–4, and 5 prescription medications, respectively. In addition to asthma medications, the most common sources of polypharmacy included antihistamines (20.17%, 95% CI 16.07% to 24.28%), glucocorticoids (16.67%, 95% 12.57% to 20.78%), and anti-infectives (14.28%, 95% CI 10.29 to 18.28). Risk factors for the increased number of medications included age 5–11 years old (vs 1–4 years: adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 1.38, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.72), fair-to-poor health (vs excellent or very good: aIRR 1.42, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.92), or ≥6 healthcare utilisation encounters over the last year (vs 0–5 encounters: aIRR 1.45, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.66). Polypharmacy increased the odds of an asthma attack (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.80, 95% CI 1.99 to 3.93) and ED visit (aOR 2.41, 95%1.59–3.63) after adjusting for demographics, insurance and health status.ConclusionsEvery one in three US children with asthma experienced polypharmacy. Although it may reflect the treatment guidelines that various asthma medications are needed for maintenance therapy, our results suggested that polypharmacy increased the odds of asthma attacks or ED visits. This may be due to the concurrent use with other non-asthma medications indicating that there is an opportunity to improve medication management in children with asthma.

Appendicitis is a common condition that is often confirmed with imaging. Ultrasound (US) is recommended as the first radiologic test in the work-up of appendicitis in children. Increased body mass index (BMI) has been implicated as a limiting factor to the sensitivity of US. This has drastic public health ramifications, as pediatric obesity has been increasing at alarming rates. The purpose of this study is to compare age-adjusted BMI z-scores to the frequency of sonographic visualization of the appendix. A retrospective review of 500 consecutive reports of US exams ordered for appendicitis in patients with a documented BMI was performed. Patients were stratified by BMI z-score based on, and the visualization frequency of the appendix was compared to the BMI z-score group. A logistic regression analysis generated the odds of visualization of the appendix by BMI z-score group. Primary home language, ethnicity, sex and insurance status were included in the logistic regression model to assess these characteristics as potential effect modifiers. Of the 500 patients, 52.4% were male, 56.4% were Hispanic and 62.0% had government insurance. BMI z-score distribution groups were as follows: 4.2% were 2. The visualization frequency was 61.1% for boys and 46.2% for girls (P 2. Children with a BMI z-score greater than 2 were less likely to have a US with visualization of the appendix compared to children with a BMI z-score between −1 and 1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.11–0.40, P

Network science is a widely studied subject and graph theory has a major role in it. This paper studies connectivity status of vertices in a fuzzy graph. This paper adopt connectivity status to build up the status sequence related to a fuzzy graph. Results on connectivity status and status sequence of different structures are obtained. On the basis of connectivity status, vertices of a fuzzy graph can be classified into connectivity status enhancing vertices, connectivity status reducing vertices and connectivity status neutral vertices. Connectivity status analysis of vertices is also carried out. Algorithms related to these concepts are provided and an application related to bandwidth allocation problem in networking is proposed.

This paper studies the closure and interior operators in LM-fuzzy topological spaces. The algebraic structures associated with various collections of closed sets and open sets are identified. Further, certain lattices formed by these algebraic structures are obtained and some lattice theoretic properties of the same are investigated. Corresponding to every element in M, the study associates a lattice of monoids which is determined by various types of closed sets and open sets.

A parameter is a numerical or other measurable factor whose values characterize a system. Connectivity parameters have indispensable role in the analysis of connectivity of networks. Strength of a cycle in an unweighted graph is always one. But, in a fuzzy graph, strengths of cycles may vary even for a given pair of vertices. Cyclic reachability is a property that determines the overall connectedness of a network. This article introduces two connectivity parameters namely, cyclic connectivity index (CCI) and average CCI (ACCI) of fuzzy graphs, which can be used to represent the cyclic reachability. CCI of fuzzy graph theoretic structures, such as trees, blocks, $\theta$ -fuzzy graphs, and complete fuzzy graphs, are discussed. Vertices of a fuzzy graph are classified into three categories in terms of ACCI and their characterizations are obtained. Three algorithms are proposed. One of them is to help find CCI and ACCI of a given fuzzy graph. Another helps to identify the nature of vertices and the third to enhance the existing ACCI of a fuzzy graph. Also, future directions in the study of CCI and ACCI are proposed.

BACKGROUND The COVID‐19 pandemic presents unique opportunities for preexisting school telemedicine programs to reach pediatric populations that might otherwise experience a lapse in health care services. METHODS A retrospective analysis of one of the largest school‐based telemedicine programs in the country, based in the Dallas‐Fort Worth (DFW), Texas was conducted that included 7021 pediatric patients who engaged in telehealth visits from 2014 to 2019. RESULTS Asthma or other respiratory disease was the primary diagnosis (28.4%), followed by injury or trauma (18.4%), digestive disorders (6.9%), and ear/eye/skin disease (6.9%). More participants were from the North (34.4%) and West (33.2%) ISD compared to the South (20.6%) and East (11.7%) schools. Likewise, the majority of COVID‐19 cases were in the North (61.8%) and West (31.6%) DFW regions, leading to 989 (59.9%) and 551 (33.4%) deaths, respectively. CONCLUSIONS School‐based telehealth programs have the potential to reach large pediatric populations most in need of health care due to COVID‐19‐related lapses in services, and to address COVID‐19‐related health issues as schools reopen. In the future, utilization could be expanded to contact tracing, testing, and screening for COVID‐19.

Purpose The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral issues among those who have completed bariatric surgery (BS) is not well described in ethnically diverse populations. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of COVID-19 lockdown orders and after lockdown orders were lifted on substance use, mental health, and weight-related behaviors among a sample of post-BS adults. Materials and Methods A retrospective medical chart review identified BS patients from one university-based obesity medicine clinic and two BS practices. An online non-anonymous survey was implemented in two phases: during lockdown (April 1–May 31, 2020) and after lockdown orders were lifted (June 1, 2020–September 30, 2020) to obtain information about the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on BS patients. Results A total of 189 (during lockdown=39, post-lockdown=150) participants (90.4% female, mean age 52.4 years, SD 11.1, 49.8% non-Hispanic White, 30.6% non-Hispanic Black, 16.1% Hispanic) participated. Lockdown participants were more likely to have sleep problems (74.3% vs. 56.1%, P=.039) and feel anxious (82.0% vs. 63.0%, P=.024) versus post-lockdown participants. A majority (83.4%) reported depression in both lockdown/post-lockdown. Post-lockdown participants were more than 20 times more likely to report substance use compared those in lockdown (aOR 20.56, 95% CI 2.66–158.4). Conclusions and Relevance The COVID-19 pandemic is having a substantial negative impact on substance use, mental health, and weight-related health behaviors in diverse BS patients. These findings have important implications for post-BS patient care teams and may suggest the integration of screening tools to identify those at high risk for behavioral health issues. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11695-021-05488-6.

This paper analyzes and modifies the concepts of degree of regularity and degree of normality introduced by Shi in 2011. Also the authors introduce extensions of [Formula: see text]-fuzzy topological spaces and explore the link between the associated [Formula: see text]-topologies of a given space and its extensions. Further, the effect of extensions on the degree of regularity and degree of normality of an [Formula: see text]-fts has been investigated.

We aim to examine the impact of corticosteroids use on ADHD among children with asthma by administration routes.A population-based, cross-sectional analysis included pediatric patients ages 5-20 years old from the 2016 and 2019 Kids Inpatient Database (unweightedAmong children aged 5-11 years old, the odds of ADHD were significantly higher in children with moderate to severe asthma who used inhaled corticosteroids than nonusers (moderate asthma: adjusted odds ratios [aOR] 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-2.44; severe asthma: aOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.18-2.21). Although oral corticosteroid use was not independently associated with ADHD in young children, combined use of inhaled and oral corticosteroid had almost 5 times higher odds of use among ADHD in children with severe asthmaIn this retrospective analysis, we found inhaled corticosteroids were positively associated with ADHD in younger children with moderate to severe asthma, but not in older children.

Bottlenecks create delay and traffic jams in interconnection networks. Allowing more paths and cycles of larger capacities can ease this problem to some extent. A path of maximum size is said to be a heavy path. In this paper, some results on heavy paths, heavy cycles and Hamilton cycles are presented. A generalization for Dirac’s theorem in graph theory is discussed in a fuzzy set up. Algorithms for the determination of heavy paths and heavy Hamilton cycles and an application of heavy paths in human trafficking are also proposed.

This paper introduces the [Formula: see text]-fuzzy topology induced by a descending family of [Formula: see text]-topologies on a given set and derives many of its properties.

This paper identifies a De Morgan algebra associated with the families of (r, s)-regular fuzzy open sets and (r, s)-regular fuzzy closed sets in a double fuzzy topological space. The situation under which this De Morgan algebra becomes a Boolean algebra is characterized. Certain other properties of this algebra are also investigated.

Acute upper airway obstruction, an emergent situation, can sometimes put the clinician in a dilemma with no positive history or clinical findings to aid in the diagnosis. A myriad of conditions causes upper airway obstruction. Priority is to secure the airway and then seek out the underlying cause. Computed tomography scan is an important imaging modality for reaching a definitive diagnosis and might at times, reveal unexpected findings. In this case series, authors report three cases of acute upper airway obstruction which were atypical manifestation of diseases. Case 1 is about Lemierre’s syndrome with compromised airway in the absence of abscess formation. Case 2 depicts an atypical presentation of Boerhaave syndrome as retropharyngeal accumulation of air and pneumomediastinum. Case 3 is about retropharyngeal haematoma in a patient with anticoagulant therapy without any definite history of trauma. Treatment with reversal of anticoagulation was successful in the case 3. It is important for the clinician to be aware of the unusual reasons for airway compromise, as early suspicion can translate into better patient survival. Airway should be secured by either intubation or tracheostomy. Many a time, radiological and blood investigations help to arrive at a definite diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of the Healthy Caregivers-Healthy Children (HC2) phase 1 (2011–2014) and 2 (2015–2018) child care center (CCC)-based obesity prevention intervention(s) on child dietary practices and body mass index percentile (PBMI) outcomes over 2 years. Phase 1 was implemented via a university-based research team, and phase 2 was delivered via a train-the-trainers approach (university-based research team trains preschool-based coaches, who in turn train CCC teachers to implement and disseminate HC2). METHODS: Phase 1 and 2 were both cluster randomized controlled trials of the HC2 obesity prevention intervention. Phase 1 was composed of 1224 children in 28 CCCs (12 intervention and 16 control). Phase 2 was composed of 825 children in 24 CCCs (12 intervention and 12 control). Both phases included CCCs serving low-resource, predominantly ethnic minority families. RESULTS: The mean rate of weekly fruit consumption significantly increased (β = 0.16, p = 0.001) in phase 1, whereas vegetable intake significantly increased (β = 0.16, p = 0.002) in phase 2 intervention CCCs. Fried (β = −0.36, p < 0.001), fast (β = −0.16, p = 0.001), and other unhealthy food (β = −0.57, p < 0.001) consumption significantly decreased in phase 1 only. The mean rate of snack food consumption significantly decreased in phase 2 (β = −0.97, p < 0.001). Mean child PBMI remained in the healthy range over 2 years for all groups in both study phases. CONCLUSION: A university-based research team implementation and dissemination approach seemed to be more effective than a train-the-trainers implementation method in improving dietary intake patterns. This finding suggests that CCCs may need robust educational support beyond their existing internal resources for long-term positive dietary intake pattern changes.

Transportation vulnerability (defined as lack of personal/public transportation access) is particularly prevalent in areas with high racial/ethnic segregation where communities typically lack proximity to quality education, jobs, healthy food, playgrounds, and medical care. Prior research has shown an association between residential segregation and youth cardiovascular health, although little work has examined the effects of transportation vulnerability on this relationship. Longitudinal mixed methods were used to compare the effects of transportation vulnerability on the association between changes in exposure to residential segregation (defined as the uneven geographic distribution of minorities) and five cardiovascular health outcomes across sex in minority youth for up to four consecutive years of participation in an afterschool fitness program during 2010–2018 (n = 2742; Miami-Dade County, Florida, US). After accounting for child race/ethnicity, age, year, and poverty, girls with high transportation vulnerability and reduced exposure to segregation (vs. increased or no change in segregation) showed the most improvements across all outcomes, including body mass index percentile (26% (95% CI 23.84, 28.30)), sum of skinfold thicknesses (18% (95% CI 14.90, 20.46)), run time (17% (95% CI 14.88, 18.64)), systolic blood pressure percentile (15% (95% CI 11.96, 17.08)), and diastolic blood pressure percentile (12% (95% CI 9.09, 14.61)). Transportation inequities related to concentrated racial/ethnic segregation may be an important factor in reducing disparities in youth cardiovascular health, particularly among girls. These study findings provide important longitudinal evidence in support of health interventions to reduce transportation vulnerability for racial/ethnic minority youth in underserved areas.

All member states of the United Nations adopted Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015. The 17 SDGs describe a universal agenda that applies to and must be implemented by all countries. We take the metrics and data provided in the SDG Index and Dashboards Reports and the Report of a Study by Stakeholder Forum and transform them into a fuzzy logic setting. This allows for the analysis of the results in these reports by using techniques of mathematics of uncertainty. We focus on countries making up the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). We provide a ranking of the countries in the OECD as to their achievement of the SDGs.

Connectivity parameters have important role in the study of networks in the physical world. Wiener index is one such parameter with several applications in chemistry and network theory. In this article Wiener index of various fuzzy graph structures like fuzzy trees and fuzzy cycles are discussed. Relationship between connectivity index and Wiener index of a fuzzy graph is also studied. For the effective computation of Wiener Index of a fuzzy graph an algorithm is proposed. A real life application related with human trafficking and illegal immigration is presented towards the end.