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The consumer trend towards sustainable purchasing habits online has increased due to the environmental impact of the clothing industry. While second-hand shopping is a popular option, it is often avoided due to the perceived inconvenience. The purpose of this study was to provide a basis for creating a navigable website for students in the context of second hand shopping. The research was conducted through a combination of surveys, user testing, and data analysis. Perceived navigability was measured using CTA protocol, CSUQ, and a Lostness calculation. Using standardised theoretical design protocols, a high rate of navigability was perceived for the first iteration of the website. By applying the feedback from the user test, adequate changes such as improved error messages and improved structural navigation could be made which improved the navigability further. This study underscores the importance of accessibility and customisation tailored to the intended customers' requisites. The main conclusion made in this study was that even though standard design protocols are followed, minor details such as buttons that are difficult to click or vague error messages, can significantly hinder navigation. Konsumenttrenden mot hållbara inköpsvanor online har ökat på grund av klädindustrins miljöpåverkan. Trots att andrahandsmarknaden på nätet är ett populärt alternativ för vissa konsumenter, undviks den ofta på grund av en alltför besvärlig upplevelse. Syftet med denna studie var att ge en grund för att skapa en navigerbar webbplats för studenter i sammanhanget av second hand-shopping. Forskningen utfördes genom en kombination av enkäter, användartester och dataanalys. Uppfattad navigerbarhet mättes med hjälp av CTA-protokoll, CSUQ och en "Lostness" -beräkning. Med hjälp av standardiserade designteorier kunde en hög navigerbarhet upplevas i den första iterationen av webbplatsen. Genom att tillämpa feedback från användartesten kunde lämpliga ändringar så som förbättrade felmeddelanden och förbättrad navigeringsstrukturgenomföras som ytterligare förbättrade navigerbarheten. Resultaten i denna studie understryker vikten av tillgänglighet och anpassning vilken är skräddarsydd efter avsedda kundernas krav. Den huvudsakliga slutsatsen dragen i studien var att även om standardiserade designprotokoll följs kan mindre detaljer som svårtryckta knappar och vaga felmeddelanden markant hindra navigeringen.

This thesis is focused on natural killer (NK) T cells. NKT cells recognize lipids and glycolipids, rather than peptides, in the contents of the antigen presenting molecule CD1d. NKT cells have a surface phenotype reminiscent of memory cells, and have been shown to rapidly produce large amounts of cytokines, such as IL-4 and IFN-gamma, upon activation. Because of their rapid response to activation, NKT cells have been suggested to play a role in several different immunological situations, such as clearance of pathogens, tumor rejection and regulation of autoimmune reactions. The broad spectrum of their activities suggested that functionally different subsets of NKT cells might exist. We have been able to demonstrate two functionally distinct splenic NKT cell populations identified by their surface phenotype and cytokine secretion profile. Previous reports of reduced autoimmune diabetes incidence in NOD mice related to an artificially increased NKT cell population have been attributed to the enhanced production of IL-4 by classical NKT cells. We show that an overexpression in NOD mice of non-classical NKT cells, producing high levels of IFN-gamma but low amounts of IL-4, leads to prevention of autoimmune diabetes. This demonstrates that both classical and non-classical NKT cells possess immuno-regulatory functions. Finding out which mechanisms that are shared by all NKT cells and which that are not, will broaden our knowledge on NKT cell biology and increase the possibility to control the immune system in a way that may prevent diseases and autoimmunity.

Validerat; 20101217 (root)

Validerat; 20101217 (root)