1. Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: An overview of potential new treatment options
- Author
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Shore, ND, Redorta, JP, Robert, G, Hutson, TE, Cesari, R, Hariharan, S, Faba, G, Briganti, A, and Steinberg, GD
- Subjects
Targeted therapy ,Immune checkpoint inhibitors ,Bladder cancer ,BCG ,Non-muscle-invasive - Abstract
Aim: This review article summarizes the current clinical practice guidelines around disease definitions and risk stratifications, and the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Recently completed and ongoing clinical trials of novel and investigational therapies in Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-naive, BCG-recurrent, and BCG-unresponsive patient populations are also described, e.g., those involving immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, other chemotherapy regimens, vaccines, and viral-or bacterial-based treatments. Finally, a brief overview of enhanced cystoscopy and drug delivery systems for the diagnosis and treatment of NMIBC is provided. Background: A global shortage of access to BCG is affecting the management of BCG-naive and BCG-recurrent/unresponsive NMIBC; hence, there is an urgent need to assist patients and urologists to enhance the treatment of this disease. Methods: Searches of ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, and Google Scholar were conducted. Published guidance and conference proceedings from major congresses were reviewed. Conclusion: Treatment strategies for NMIBC are generally consistent across guidelines. Several novel therapies have demonstrated promising antitumor activity in clinical trials, including in high-risk or BCG-unresponsive disease. The detection, diagnosis, surveillance, and treatment of NMIBC have also been improved through enhanced disease detection. (C) 2021 Pfizer Inc. and the Author(s). Elsevier Inc.
- Published
- 2021