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Objeto: El presente estudio tiene por objeto evaluar el impacto económico que, para la economía del Principado de Asturias, supuso la celebración en Gijón de los Campeonatos del Mundo de Escalada en el año 2014. Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Existen diversos instrumentos que permiten evaluar el impacto económico de la celebración en una ciudad, o región, de un evento deportivo. Entre ellos se encuentra la metodología Input-Output (I-O), que es la que se utiliza en esta investigación. Aportaciones y resultados: Se analizan los impactos económicos de los gastos de los no residentes en el Principado de Asturias, en un estudio pormenorizado de los asistentes al Campeonato en función de los diferentes alojamientos y de las distintas categorías de visitantes (deportistas, técnicos, directivos, etc.), los gastos en infraestructuras y organización en que incurrió el organizador de la competición: el Ayuntamiento de Gijón, y se calcula el impacto económico en términos del Valor Añadido Bruto (VAB) que supuso para la economía asturiana la celebración en Gijón de los Campeonatos del Mundo de Escalada 2014. Originalidad / Valor añadido: Cuando una institución pública organiza una actividad, hay que evaluar si el gasto realizado tiene un retorno económico o, por el contrario, supone un gasto de dinero público injustificable. Purpose: This study aims to assess the economic impact for the economy of the Principality of Asturias, of the Climbing World Championships held in Gijon in 2014. Design/methodology: Various instruments are available to assess the economic impact of a sporting event in a city or region. Among them is the Input-Output (I-O) analysis, which is used in this study. Findings: We analyse the economic impacts of the expenditure by non-residents in the Principality of Asturias in a comprehensive study that categorises the individuals attending the Championship according to their accommodation choice and to different visitor categories (i.e. athletes, technicians, managers, etc.). The study also takes into account the expenditure on infrastructure and organization incurred by the organizer of the competition: the City Council of Gijon. The economic impact on the economy of Asturias of the 2014 World Climbing Championships held in Gijón is calculated in terms of the Gross Value Added (GVA). Originality/value: When a public institution organizes an activity, an assessment of whether the expenditure has an economic return or leads to an unjustifiable expenditure of public money, is required

El deporte supone actualmente uno de los fenómenos sociales de mayor arraigo, el cual además cuenta con una elevada capacidad de movilización. Además posee una gran importancia social así como una importante dimensión económica que si bien son difíciles de cuantificar, se consideran un motor de desarrollo, que implican indirectamente a un gran número de diferentes actividades entre las que se incluyen otras industrias relacionadas con el sector, en las que el deporte constituye un eje vertebrador fundamental. En este contexto, la Revista Intangible Capital lanza este monográfico en el que se incluye la investigación de la economía del deporte desde diversas perspectivas, destacando así la importancia y el impacto que pueden llegar a tener en diferentes áreas. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es avanzar en el estudio de la economía del deporte a partir de la sinergia de recopilar artículos que traten esta temática. The sport currently represents one of the most deeply rooted social phenomena, which also have a high capacity for mobilization. It has a social significance and also an important economic dimension that is difficult to quantify accurately, but is considered an engine of development, which imply indirectly to a large number of different activities that include other industries, taking in this regard an important crosscutting. In this context, Intangible Capital Journal launches this monograph in which research from diverse perspectives of the economy of sport is included, thus highlighting the importance and impact it has on different sectors are integrated. Therefore, the objective of this issue is to advance in the study of sports economics by joining forces and bringing new products through research

The purpose of the study was to analyze the effects of team payroll mechanisms on competitive balance in the four major professional sports including Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL). In analyzing these effects, the purpose was (1) to understand the differences between the payroll mechanisms of each sport, (2) to determine the effects of each payroll mechanism on the competitive balance of the respective league, and (3) to describe which aspects of each payroll mechanism impact the measured competitive balance of the leagues.To analyze the measures of competitive balance, secondary data of team winning percentages was compiled. These values were broken down into categories based on the implementation of various team payroll mechanisms in each sport, including the addition of a soft salary cap and luxury tax in the NBA, hard salary caps in the NFL and NHL,and a luxury tax and enhanced revenue sharing plan in the MLB.Competitive balance was measured on both an intra-seasonal and inter-seasonal basis. Intra-seasonal competitive balance is the degree of equality of the teams in a league during a given season. This was measured by the average ratio of the actual standard deviation in a given season and the ideal standard deviation based on the Central Limit Theorem. Inter-seasonal competitive balance is the degree of uncertainty across seasons as to the playing strength of teams in a given league. This was measured by the average change from season to season in winning percentage of the teams in each league.Statistically significant changes in competitive balance were shown on an intra-seasonal level across multiple leagues based on the type of payroll mechanism implemented. The introduction of the soft salary cap in the NBA caused a significant drop in intra-seasonal competitive balance, where as hard salary caps in the NFL and NHL maintained the levels of competitive balance from before implementation. Luxury taxes in both the NBA and MLB showed improvements in intra-seasonal competitive balance as well. Inter-seasonal measures of competitive balance were not shown to be significantly affected by any payroll mechanism.While this study focused purely on the effect of payroll mechanisms, further research would prove helpful taking into account the effects of other factors such as team relocation, league expansion, and economic downturns in conjunction with these mechanisms. Also, as a number of these payroll mechanisms were introduced recently to their respective leagues, a larger set of post implementation data could provide more meaningful results.