Search

Nigeria has the highest incidence of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in the world. However, data on PPCM-related outcomes are limited.The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical profile, myocardial remodeling, and survival of patients with PPCM in Nigeria.This study consecutively recruited 244 PPCM patients (median 7 months postpartum) at 14 sites in Nigeria and applied structured follow-up for a median of 17 months (interquartile range: 14 to 20 months). Left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) was defined as the composite of left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension 33 mm/mOverall, 45 (18.7%) patients died during follow-up. Maternal age 20 years (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.40; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27 to 4.54), hypotension (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.43), tachycardia (HR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.05 to 5.43), and LVEF 25% at baseline (HR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.12 to 3.95) independently predicted mortality. Obesity (HR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.55) and regular use of beta-blockers at 6-month follow-up (HR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.41) were independently associated with reduced risk for mortality. In total, 48 patients (24.1%) achieved LVRR and 45 (22.6%) achieved LV full recovery. LVEF 25% at baseline (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.92) and regular use of beta-blockers at 6-month follow-up (HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.25) independently determined the risk for LV full recovery. Progressive reverse remodeling of all cardiac chambers was observed. In total, 18 patients (7.4%) were hospitalized during the study.This is the largest study of PPCM in Africa. Consistent with late presentations, the mortality rate was high, whereas frequencies of LVRR and LV full recovery were low. Several variables predicted poor outcomes, and regular use of beta-blockers correlated with late survival and LV functional recovery.

Aims The prospective, multicentre Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in Nigeria (PEACE) registry originally demonstrated a high prevalence of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) among patients originating from Kano, North‐West Nigeria. In a post hoc analysis, we sought to determine if this phenomenon was characterized by a differential case profile and outcome among PPCM cases originating elsewhere. Methods and results Overall, 199 (81.6%) of a total 244 PPCM patients were recruited from three sites in Kano, compared with 45 patients (18.4%) from 11 widely dispersed centres across Nigeria. Presence and extent of ventricular myocardial remodelling during follow‐up, relative to baseline status, were assessed by echocardiography. During median 17 months follow‐up, Kano patients demonstrated significantly better myocardial reverse remodelling than patients from other sites. Overall, 50.6% of patients from Kano versus 28.6% from other regions were asymptomatic (P = 0.029) at study completion, with an accompanying difference in all‐cause mortality (17.6% vs. 22.2% respectively, P = 0.523) not reaching statistical significance. Alternatively, 135/191 (84.9%) of Kano patients had selenium deficiency (

Background Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) seems to have varied epidemiology within and between countries. We recently reported that Kano (North-West Nigeria) has the highest known incidence of PPCM in the world, but the clinical profiles of the patients by regions have not been previously reported. In this study, we aimed to describe the regional differences (if any) in the clinical profiles of patients with PPCM in Nigeria. Methods We consecutively recruited 244 PPCM patients over 9 months from 3 hospitals in Kano (n=199; 81.6%) and from 11 hospitals spread across the North-Central, South-West, South-East and South-South zones (n=45; 18.4%) of Nigeria. Results The baseline characteristics of the patients are summarised in Table 1. 35 (17.6%) patients in Kano and 10 (23.2%) patients in other zones died (p=0.0523) after a median of 17 months. Conclusion PPCM patients in Kano were younger, had lower socio-economic status, presented to hospitals later, were less symptomatic, had larger sizes of cardiac chambers, worse right ventricular systolic function, higher pulmonary artery systolic pressure and were receiving less treatment at enrolment, than those in other zones in Nigeria. This information will be used for advocacy and interactions with healthcare providers. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Dantata Group of Companies (Nigeria). Ammasco International Ltd. (Nigeria). Fortune Oil Mills Nigeria Ltd.

Among high-risk individuals, statins are beneficial for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In Nigeria, currently, there are no CVD prevention guidelines, so the use of CVD risk estimation to guide statin therapy is left to the discretion of the physician.The objective of the study was to compare 3 CVD risk estimation tools in the evaluation of patients presenting to a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.Cross-sectional study involving 295 patients with any CVD risk factors but not taking statins. Traditional CVD risk factors were assessed with a standard questionnaire and laboratory evaluation. Ten-year CVD risk was estimated with American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ACC/AHA ASCVD) Risk Estimator (2013), Framingham Risk Score (Framingham Risk Score [FRS] 2008), and the World Health Organisation/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) risk prediction chart for Africa Region D. Kappa statistic was used to determine agreement among the estimators.The mean age was 48.4 ± 10.4 years; 60.7% were females. Risk factors for CVD were hypertension (56.3%), dyslipidemia (41.4%), diabetes (20%), obesity (28.5%), and cigarette smoking (4.4%). In all, 50.2%, 16.9%, and 15.2% were classified as high risk using the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator, FRS 2008, and WHO/ISH risk chart, respectively. The agreement was moderate between FRS and WHO/ISH (Kappa 0.414, P .001) and fair between ACC/AHA Estimator and WHO/ISH (Kappa 0.223, P .001) and between ACC/AHA Estimator and FRS (Kappa 0.301, P .001).The considerable variation in prediction of high risk using the 3 tools may lead to underutilization of evidence-based therapy. This underscores the dire need for the development of risk prediction tools derived from our own Nigerian population.

Nigeria seems to have the highest incidence of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in the world, but data on outcomes of the disease is limited. In Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in Nigeria (PEACE) registry, we aimed to study the clinical profile, myocardial remodelling and survival of patients with PPCM in

Sotonye T Dodiyi-Manuel,1 Maclean R Akpa,2 Osaretin J Odia2 1Department of Medicine, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria; 2Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the increase globally. Cardiovascular complications, such as left ventricular dysfunction is a major cause of death in patients with type II DM. Prior to the development of symptomatic heart failure, subclinical left ventricular dysfunction (systolic and diastolic) may exist for some time. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction in non-hypertensive type II DM patients. Methods: A cross sectional study of left ventricular function in 90 normotensive type II diabetes mellitus patients using echocardiography was carried out. Healthy normotensive controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index were selected for comparison. Patients and controls who had hypertension (blood pressure of >140/90 mmHg), history of smoking, significant alcohol history, pregnancy, features of thyroid disease, or valvular heart disease were excluded. Left ventricular diastolic and systolic functions were assessed. Results: Ninety patients, (39 males and 51 females) and 90 healthy controls (39 males and 51 females) were enrolled. Mean age of patients was 50.76 ± 9.13 years and 51.33 ± 7.84 years for controls. Mean body mass index was 26.88 ± 4.73 kg/m2 in patients and 27.09 ± 4.04 kg/m2 in controls. Mean ejection fraction was 62.4% ± 8.47% and 68.52% ± 7.94% in patients and controls, respectively (P < 0.001). Fourteen (15.56%) patients had ejection fraction less than 55% compared to four (4.44%) in controls (P < 0.001; odds ratio = 3.96). Impaired diastolic function was found in 65.6% of patients compared to 3.3% of controls (P < 0.001). Left ventricular mass index of >99 kg/m2 in females and >115 kg/m2 in males was considered abnormal. The left ventricular mass index was also higher in patients than in controls (95.17 ± 25.67 g/m2 versus 85.40 ± 18.0 g/m2; P = 0.004). Conclusion: Normotensive diabetic patients have a high prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction even in the absence of cardiac symptoms. Keywords: type II diabetes mellitus, diastolic dysfunction, systolic dysfunction

Haematospermia is often associated with severe uncontrolled hypertension. The bloody semen is often very worrisome for the patient and his sexual partner(s). In addition to anti-hypertensive, counselling and lifestyle modification are essential for management of the condition.