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Human communication is inherently multimodal and asynchronous. Analyzing human emotions and sentiment is an emerging field of artificial intelligence. We are witnessing an increasing amount of multimodal content in local languages on social media about products and other topics. However, there are not many multimodal resources available for under-resourced Dravidian languages. Our study aims to create a multimodal sentiment analysis dataset for the under-resourced Tamil and Malayalam languages. First, we downloaded product or movies review videos from YouTube for Tamil and Malayalam. Next, we created captions for the videos with the help of annotators. Then we labelled the videos for sentiment, and verified the inter-annotator agreement using Fleiss's Kappa. This is the first multimodal sentiment analysis dataset for Tamil and Malayalam by volunteer annotators., Comment: 31

Dimensionality reduction is an important step in processing the hyperspectral images (HSI) to overcome the curse of dimensionality problem. Linear dimensionality reduction methods such as Independent component analysis (ICA) and Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) are commonly employed to reduce the dimensionality of HSI. These methods fail to capture non-linear dependency in the HSI data, as data lies in the nonlinear manifold. To handle this, nonlinear transformation techniques based on kernel methods were introduced for dimensionality reduction of HSI. However, the kernel methods involve cubic computational complexity while computing the kernel matrix, and thus its potential cannot be explored when the number of pixels (samples) are large. In literature a fewer number of pixels are randomly selected to partial to overcome this issue, however this sub-optimal strategy might neglect important information in the HSI. In this paper, we propose randomized solutions to the ICA and LDA dimensionality reduction methods using Random Fourier features, and we label them as RFFICA and RFFLDA. Our proposed method overcomes the scalability issue and to handle the non-linearities present in the data more efficiently. Experiments conducted with two real-world hyperspectral datasets demonstrates that our proposed randomized methods outperform the conventional kernel ICA and kernel LDA in terms overall, per-class accuracies and computational time., Comment: Submitted IEEE JSTARS

Tree adjoining grammars (TAGs) provide an ample tool to capture syntax of many Indian languages. Tamil represents a special challenge to computational formalisms as it has extensive agglutinative morphology and a comparatively difficult argument structure. Modelling Tamil syntax and morphology using TAG is an interesting problem which has not been in focus even though TAGs are over 4 decades old, since its inception. Our research with Tamil TAGs have shown us that we can not only represent syntax of the language, but to an extent mine out semantics through dependency resolution of the sentence. But in order to demonstrate this phenomenal property, we need to parse Tamil language sentences using TAGs we have built and through parsing obtain a derivation we could use to resolve dependencies, thus proving the semantic property. We use an in-house developed pseudo lexical TAG chart parser; algorithm given by Schabes and Joshi (1988), for generating derivations of sentences. We do not use any statistics to rank out ambiguous derivations but rather use all of them to understand the mentioned semantic relation with in TAGs for Tamil. We shall also present a brief parser analysis for the completeness of our discussions., 9 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1604.01235

A color image contains luminance and chrominance components representing the intensity and color information respectively. The objective of the work presented in this paper is to show the significance of incorporating the chrominance information for the task of scene classification. An improved color-to-grayscale image conversion algorithm by effectively incorporating the chrominance information is proposed using color-to-gay structure similarity index (C2G-SSIM) and singular value decomposition (SVD) to improve the perceptual quality of the converted grayscale images. The experimental result analysis based on the image quality assessment for image decolorization called C2G-SSIM and success rate (Cadik and COLOR250 datasets) shows that the proposed image decolorization technique performs better than 8 existing benchmark algorithms for image decolorization. In the second part of the paper, the effectiveness of incorporating the chrominance component in scene classification task is demonstrated using the deep belief network (DBN) based image classification system developed using dense scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) as features. The levels of chrominance information incorporated by the proposed image decolorization technique is confirmed by the improvement in the overall scene classification accuracy . Also, the overall scene classification performance is improved by the combination of models obtained using the proposed and the conventional decolorization methods., Comment: This article is accepted in SPIE J.of Electronic Imaging with title: Significance of perceptually relevant image decolorization for scene classification

This paper proposes a prototype model for an automatic anti-glare system to reduce the risk of accidents during night time driving. The architecture consists of an aperture assembly and sensors. The aperture assembly is a two dimensional array of aperture elements, and their transmittances can be independently controllable. According to the transmittance, each aperture element will act either as opaque or transparent. The intensity of light ray is modulated by the transmittance of aperture elements, which causes the reduction of intensity of light passing through it. The prototype is implemented using liquid crystal display (LCD) and photovoltaic sensors. This system provides an automated mechanism to control the illumination according to the direction of incoming light. The fundamental idea is to measure the incoming light and using measured values to generate patterns on the LCD to reduce the illumination. The proposed prototype can be implemented in two ways: i) as spectacles with liquid crystal sheets placed in front of the glasses, which can be used while driving, ii) by placing large liquid crystal sheets in front of the windshields of vehicles. This method provides a flexible low cost implementation to build simple, reliable device to reduce the intensity of the light on-the-fly.

Visual Saliency is the capability of vision system to select distinctive parts of scene and reduce the amount of visual data that need to be processed. The presentpaper introduces (1) a novel approach to detect salient regions by considering color and luminance based saliency scores using Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD), (2) a new interpretation to use DMD approach in static image processing. This approach integrates two data analysis methods: (1) Fourier Transform, (2) Principle Component Analysis.The key idea of our work is to create a color based saliency map. This is based on the observation thatsalient part of an image usually have distinct colors compared to the remaining portion of the image. We have exploited the power of different color spaces to model the complex and nonlinear behavior of human visual system to generate a color based saliency map. To further improve the effect of final saliency map, weutilized luminance information exploiting the fact that human eye is more sensitive towards brightness than color.The experimental results shows that our method based on DMD theory is effective in comparison with previous state-of-art saliency estimation approaches. The approach presented in this paperis evaluated using ROC curve, F-measure rate, Precision-Recall rate, AUC score etc., 8 pages

Tree adjoining grammar (TAG) is specifically suited for morph rich and agglutinated languages like Tamil due to its psycho linguistic features and parse time dependency and morph resolution. Though TAG and LTAG formalisms have been known for about 3 decades, efforts on designing TAG Syntax for Tamil have not been entirely successful due to the complexity of its specification and the rich morphology of Tamil language. In this paper we present a minimalistic TAG for Tamil without much morphological considerations and also introduce a parser implementation with some obvious variations from the XTAG system, International Symposium for Dravidian Languages (iDravidian), co-located with ICON2014, Goa University, Dec 2014

We provide a simplified form of Primal Augmented Lagrange Multiplier algorithm. We intend to fill the gap in the steps involved in the mathematical derivations of the algorithm so that an insight into the algorithm is made. The experiment is focused to show the reconstruction done using this algorithm.

We present an algorithm using transformation groups and their irreducible representations to generate an orthogonal basis for a signal in the vector space of the signal. It is shown that multiresolution analysis can be done with amplitudes using a transformation group. G-lets is thus not a single transform, but a group of linear transformations related by group theory. The algorithm also specifies that a multiresolution and multiscale analysis for each resolution is possible in terms of frequencies. Separation of low and high frequency components of each amplitude resolution is facilitated by G-lets. Using conjugacy classes of the transformation group, more than one set of basis may be generated, giving a different perspective of the signal through each basis. Applications for this algorithm include edge detection, feature extraction, denoising, face recognition, compression, and more. We analyze this algorithm using dihedral groups as an example. We demonstrate the results with an ECG signal and the standard `Lena' image., 20 pages, 8 figures