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7 results on '"Smyth, Anita"'

1. A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Atorvastatin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Author

Kitas, George D, Nightingale, Peter, Armitage, Jane, Sattar, Naveed, Belch, Jill JF, Symmons, Deborah PM, Williams, Hawys, Vasishta, Shobna, Storey, Rebecca, Bruce, Ian, Durrington, Paul, McInnes, Iain, Situnayake, Deva, Struthers, Allan, Lowe, Gordon, Fox, Keith, Haskard, Dorian, Dore, Caroline, Bosworth, Ailsa, Frenneaux, Michael, Edwards, Christopher, Emberson, Jonathan, Bax, Deborah, Cobbe, Stuart, Stott, David, Sturrock, Roger, Macfarlane, Peter, Klocke, Rainer, Pullar, Tom, Tan, Su, Knight, Susan, Rowe, Iain, Kumar, Pradeep, Goodson, Nicky, Mulherin, Diarmuid, Brzeski, Micheal, Gardiner, Philip, Walker, David, Callaghan, Rob, Allen, Margaret, McCarey, David, George, Emmanuel, Deighton, Chris, Kirkham, Bruce, Teh, Lee-Suan, Luqmani, Raashid, Chakravarty, Kuntal, Roussou, Euthalia, Nixon, Jenny, Richards, Selwyn, Scott, David, Woolf, Tony, Prouse, Peter, Packham, Jonathan, Davies, Martin, DeLord, Denise, O'Neill, Terence, Pande, Ira, Watts, Richard, Rankin, Elizabeth, Papasawas, George, Emery, Paul, Morgan, Ann, Sinha, Arvind, Dasgupta, Bhaskar, Creamer, Paul, Zoma, Asad, Walsh, David, Van-Laar, Jaap, Capps, Nigel, Cairns, Andrew, Marguerie, Christopher, Kumar, Namita, Abernethy, Rikki, Lillicrap, Mark, Ralston, Stuart, Makadsi, Raad, Hopkinson, Neil, Akil, Mohammed, Ahmad, Yasmeen, Adler, Matthew, Bukhari, Marwan, Sanders, Paul, Binymin, Khalid, Hassan, Alaa, Hughes, Rod, Irani, Mike, O'Reilly, David, Sainsbury, Paul, Richmond, Ruth, Malgorzata, Magliano, Nisar, Mohammed, McEntergart, Ann, Roy, Dipak, Marks, Jeffrey, Batley, Michael, Mahmud, Taher, McKenna, Frank, Harris, Helen, Smyth, Anita, Tunn, Eddie, Young, Adam, Baburaj, Krishnan, Thomas, Joegi, Hall, Frances, Marshall, Tarnya, Rao, Chandini, Dixey, Josh, Gendi, Nagui, Birrell, Fraser, Chelliah, Gladstone, Fishman, Daniel, Knights, Sally, Coady, David, Smith, Bill, Harrison, Beverley, Naz, Sophia, Siebert, Stefan, Chan, Anthony, Putchakayala, Kiran, Al-Ansari, Atheer, Gough, Andrew, Pyne, Dev, Patel, Yusaf, Isdale, Amanda, Harvie, John, Consortium, TRACERA, Comm, Trial Management, Comm, Trial Steering, Comm, Data Monitoring, Comm, Endpoints, and Principal, TRACERA Recruiting Ctr

Published
2019

2. A multicenter, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of atorvastatin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Author

Kitas, George D., Nightingale, Peter, Armitage, Jane, Sattar, Naveed, Belch, Jill J. F., Symmons, Deborah P. M., Kitas, George, Belch, Jill, Symmons, Deborah, Williams, Hawys, Vasishta, Shobna, Storey, Rebecca, Bruce, Ian, Durrington, Paul, McInnes, Iain, Situnayake, Deva, Struthers, Allan, Lowe, Gordon, Fox, Keith, Haskard, Dorian, Dore, Caroline, Bosworth, Ailsa, Frenneaux, Michael, Edwards, Christopher, Emberson, Jonathan, Bax, Deborah, Cobbe, Stuart, Stott, David, Sturrock, Roger, Macfarlane, Peter, Klocke, Rainer, Pullar, Tom, Knight, Susan, Rowe, Iain, Kumar, Pradeep, Goodson, Nicky, Mulherin, Diarmuid, Brzeski, Micheal, Gardiner, Philip, Walker, David, Callaghan, Rob, Allen, Margaret, McCarey, David, George, Emmanuel, Deighton, Chris, Kirkham, Bruce, Teh, Lee‐Suan, Luqmani, Raashid, Chakravarty, Kuntal, Nixon, Jenny, Richards, Selwyn, Scott, David, Woolf, Tony, Prouse, Peter, Packham, Jonathan, Davies, Martin, DeLord, Denise, O’Neill, Terence, Pande, Ira, Harvie, John, Watts, Richard, Rankin, Elizabeth, Papasavvas, George, Emery, Paul, Sinha, Arvind, Dasgupta, Bhaskar, Creamer, Paul, Zoma, Asad, Walsh, David, Van‐Laar, Jaap, Capps, Nigel, Cairns, Andrew, Marguerie, Christopher, Kumar, Namita, Abernethy, Rikki, Lillicrap, Mark, Ralston, Stuart, Makadsi, Raad, Hopkinson, Neil, Tan, Su, Akil, Mohammed, Ahmad, Yasmeen, Adler, Matthew, Bukhari, Marwan, Sanders, Paul, Roussou, Euthalia, Binymin, Khalid, Hassan, Alaa, Hughes, Rod, O’Reilly, David, Sainsbury, Paul, Richmond, Ruth, Malgorzata, Magliano, Nisar, Mohammed, McEntergart, Ann, Roy, Dipak, Marks, Jeffrey, Batley, Michael, McKenna, Frank, Irani, Mike, Harris, Helen, Smyth, Anita, Tunn, Eddie, Young, Adam, Thomas, Joegi, Hall, Frances, Marshall, Tarnya, Rao, Chandini, Baburaj, Krishnan, Dixey, Josh, Gendi, Nagui, Birrell, Fraser, Chelliah, Gladstone, Morgan, Ann, Fishman, Daniel, Knights, Sally, Coady, David, Smith, Bill, Harrison, Beverley, Siebert, Stefan, Chan, Anthony, Putchakayala, Kiran, Al‐Ansari, Atheer, Gough, Andrew, Naz, Sophia, Pyne, Dev, Mahmud, Taher, Patel, Yusaf, and Isdale, Amanda

Abstract

Objective:\ud \ud Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased cardiovascular event (CVE) risk. The impact of statins in RA is not established. We assessed whether atorvastatin is superior to placebo for the primary prevention of CVEs in RA patients.\ud Methods:\ud \ud A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was designed to detect a 32% CVE risk reduction based on an estimated 1.6% per annum event rate with 80% power at P < 0.05. RA patients age >50 years or with a disease duration of >10 years who did not have clinical atherosclerosis, diabetes, or myopathy received atorvastatin 40 mg daily or matching placebo. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or any arterial revascularization. Secondary and tertiary end points included plasma lipids and safety.\ud Results:\ud \ud A total of 3,002 patients (mean age 61 years; 74% female) were followed up for a median of 2.51 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.90, 3.49 years) (7,827 patient‐years). The study was terminated early due to a lower than expected event rate (0.70% per annum). Of the 1,504 patients receiving atorvastatin, 24 (1.6%) experienced a primary end point, compared with 36 (2.4%) of the 1,498 receiving placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.39, 1.11]; P = 0.115 and adjusted HR 0.60 [95% CI 0.32, 1.15]; P = 0.127). At trial end, patients receiving atorvastatin had a mean ± SD low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level 0.77 ± 0.04 mmoles/liter lower than those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001). C‐reactive protein level was also significantly lower in the atorvastatin group than the placebo group (median 2.59 mg/liter [IQR 0.94, 6.08] versus 3.60 mg/liter [IQR 1.47, 7.49]; P < 0.0001). CVE risk reduction per mmole/liter reduction in LDL cholesterol was 42% (95% CI −14%, 70%). The rates of adverse events in the atorvastatin group (n = 298 [19.8%]) and placebo group (n = 292 [19.5%]) were similar.\ud Conclusion:\ud \ud Atorvastatin 40 mg daily is safe and results in a significantly greater reduction of LDL cholesterol level than placebo in patients with RA. The 34% CVE risk reduction is consistent with the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration meta‐analysis of statin effects in other populations.

Published
2019

3. Global trait–environment relationships of plant communities

Author

Bruelheide, Helge, Purschke, Oliver, Lenoir, Jonathan, Hennekens, Stephan M., Field, Richard, Jansen, Florian, Kattge, Jens, Schrodt, Franziska, Mahecha, Miguel D., Peet, Robert K., Sandel, Brody, van Bodegom, Peter, Altman, Jan, Alvarez Davila, Esteban, Arfin Khan, Mohammed A.S., Attorre, Fabio, Aubin, Isabelle, Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bauters, Marijn, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blonder, Benjamin, Cayuela, Luis, Cornelissen, J.Hans C., Craven, Dylan, Dainese, Matteo, De Sanctis, Michele, Farfan-Rios, William, Feldpausch, Ted R., Fenton, Nicole J., Garnier, Eric, Guerin, Greg R., Haider, Sylvia, Hattab, Tarek, Henry, Greg, Higuchi, Pedro, Jentsch, Anke, K?cki, Zygmunt, Karger, Dirk N., Kessler, Michael, Kleyer, Michael, Arfin Khan, Mohammed A. S., Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Korolyuk, Andrey Y., Laughlin, Daniel C., Lens, Frederic, Loos, Jacqueline, Lyubenova, Mariyana I., Malhi, Yadvinder, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Neill, David A., Orwin, Kate H., Ozinga, Wim A., Penuelas, Josep, Phillips, Oliver L., Reich, Peter B., Rodrigues, Arthur V., Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Sardans, Jordi, Schmidt, Marco, Seidler, Gunnar, Silva Espejo, Javier Eduardo, Silveira, Marcos, Smyth, Anita, Sporbert, Maria, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Tang, Zhiyao, Thomas, Raquel, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Vassilev, Kiril, Violle, Cyrille, Virtanen, Risto, and Weiher, Evan

Abstract

Plant functional traits directly affect ecosystem functions. At the species level, trait combinations depend on trade-offs representing different ecological strategies, but at the community level trait combinations are expected to be decoupled from these trade-offs because different strategies can facilitate co-existence within communities. A key remaining question is to what extent community-level trait composition is globally filtered and how well it is related to global vs. local environmental drivers. Here, we perform a global, plot-level analysis of trait-environment relationships, using a database with more than 1.1 million vegetation plots and 26,632 plant species with trait information. Although we found a strong filtering of 17 functional traits, similar climate and soil conditions support communities differing greatly in mean trait values. The two main community trait axes which capture half of the global trait variation (plant stature and resource acquisitiveness) reflect the trade-offs at the species level but are weakly associated with climate and soil conditions at the global scale. Similarly, within-plot trait variation does not vary systematically with macro-environment. Our results indicate that, at fine spatial grain, macro-environmental drivers are much less important for functional trait composition than has been assumed from floristic analyses restricted to co-occurrence in large grid cells. Instead, trait combinations seem to be predominantly filtered by local-scale factors such as disturbance, fine-scale soil conditions, niche partitioning or biotic interactions.

Published
2018

7. sPlot : a new tool for global vegetation analyses

Author

Bruelheide, Helge, Dengler, Jürgen, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Purschke, Oliver, Hennekens, Stephan M., Chytrý, Milan, Pillar, Valério D., Jansen, Florian, Kattge, Jens, Sandel, Brody, Aubin, Isabelle, Biurrun, Idoia, Field, Richard, Haider, Sylvia, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Peet, Robert K., Peyre, Gwendolyn, Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Schmidt, Marco, Schrodt, Franziska, Winter, Marten, Aćić, Svetlana, Agrillo, Emiliano, Alvarez, Miguel, Ambarlı, Didem, Angelini, Pierangela, Apostolova, Iva, Arfin Khan, Mohammed A. S., Arnst, Elise, Attorre, Fabio, Baraloto, Christopher, Beckmann, Michael, Berg, Christian, Bergeron, Yves, Bergmeier, Erwin, Bjorkman, Anne D., Bondareva, Viktoria, Borchardt, Peter, Botta‐Dukát, Zoltán, Boyle, Brad, Breen, Amy, Brisse, Henry, Byun, Chaeho, Cabido, Marcelo R., Casella, Laura, Cayuela, Luis, Černý, Tomáš, Chepinoga, Victor, Csiky, János, Curran, Michael, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dajić Stevanović, Zora, De Bie, Els, de Ruffray, Patrice, De Sanctis, Michele, Dimopoulos, Panayotis, Dressler, Stefan, Ejrnæs, Rasmus, El‐Sheikh, Mohamed Abd El‐Rouf Mousa, Enquist, Brian, Ewald, Jörg, Fagúndez, Jaime, Finckh, Manfred, Font, Xavier, Forey, Estelle, Fotiadis, Georgios, García‐Mijangos, Itziar, Gasper, André Luis, Golub, Valentin, Gutierrez, Alvaro G., Hatim, Mohamed Z., He, Tianhua, Higuchi, Pedro, Holubová, Dana, Hölzel, Norbert, Homeier, Jürgen, Indreica, Adrian, Işık Gürsoy, Deniz, Jansen, Steven, Janssen, John, Jedrzejek, Birgit, Jiroušek, Martin, Jürgens, Norbert, Kącki, Zygmunt, Kavgacı, Ali, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kessler, Michael, Knollová, Ilona, Kolomiychuk, Vitaliy, Korolyuk, Andrey, Kozhevnikova, Maria, Kozub, Łukasz, Krstonošić, Daniel, Kühl, Hjalmar, Kühn, Ingolf, Kuzemko, Anna, Küzmič, Filip, Landucci, Flavia, Lee, Michael T., Levesley, Aurora, Li, Ching‐Feng, Liu, Hongyan, Lopez‐Gonzalez, Gabriela, Lysenko, Tatiana, Macanović, Armin, Mahdavi, Parastoo, Manning, Peter, Marcenò, Corrado, Martynenko, Vassiliy, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Minden, Vanessa, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Moretti, Marco, Müller, Jonas V., Munzinger, Jérôme, Niinemets, Ülo, Nobis, Marcin, Noroozi, Jalil, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Onyshchenko, Viktor, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Ozinga, Wim A., Pauchard, Anibal, Pedashenko, Hristo, Peñuelas, Josep, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Peterka, Tomáš, Petřík, Petr, Phillips, Oliver L., Prokhorov, Vadim, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Revermann, Rasmus, Rodwell, John, Ruprecht, Eszter, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Samimi, Cyrus, Schaminée, Joop H.J., Schmiedel, Ute, Šibík, Jozef, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Smyth, Anita, Sop, Tenekwetche, Sopotlieva, Desislava, Sparrow, Ben, Stančić, Zvjezdana, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, Swacha, Grzegorz, Tang, Zhiyao, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Uğurlu, Emin, Uogintas, Domas, Valachovič, Milan, Vanselow, Kim André, Vashenyak, Yulia, Vassilev, Kiril, Vélez‐Martin, Eduardo, Venanzoni, Roberto, Vibrans, Alexander Christian, Violle, Cyrille, Virtanen, Risto, Wehrden, Henrik, Wagner, Viktoria, Walker, Donald A., Wana, Desalegn, Weiher, Evan, Wesche, Karsten, Whitfeld, Timothy, Willner, Wolfgang, Wiser, Susan, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Yamalov, Sergey, Zizka, Georg, and Zverev, Andrei

Subjects
580: Pflanzen (Botanik), sPlot, Ecoinformatics, 15. Life on land, 577: Ökologie
Abstract

Aims: Vegetation‐plot records provide information on the presence and cover or abundance of plants co‐occurring in the same community. Vegetation‐plot data are spread across research groups, environmental agencies and biodiversity research centers and, thus, are rarely accessible at continental or global scales. Here we present the sPlot database, which collates vegetation plots worldwide to allow for the exploration of global patterns in taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity at the plant community level. Results: sPlot version 2.1 contains records from 1,121,244 vegetation plots, which comprise 23,586,216 records of plant species and their relative cover or abundance in plots collected worldwide between 1885 and 2015. We complemented the information for each plot by retrieving climate and soil conditions and the biogeographic context (e.g., biomes) from external sources, and by calculating community‐weighted means and variances of traits using gap‐filled data from the global plant trait database TRY. Moreover, we created a phylogenetic tree for 50,167 out of the 54,519 species identified in the plots. We present the first maps of global patterns of community richness and community‐weighted means of key traits. Conclusions: The availability of vegetation plot data in sPlot offers new avenues for vegetation analysis at the global scale.

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