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Funder: Freie Universität Berlin; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007537, Funder: Cambridge Centre for Parkinson's Plus, Neurodegenerative diseases are increasingly prevalent in the aging population, yet no disease-modifying treatments are currently available. Increasing the expression of the cold-shock protein RBM3 through therapeutic hypothermia is remarkably neuroprotective. However, systemic cooling poses a health risk, strongly limiting its clinical application. Selective upregulation of RBM3 at normothermia thus holds immense therapeutic potential. Here we identify a poison exon within the RBM3 gene that is solely responsible for its cold-induced expression. Genetic removal or antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated manipulation of this exon yields high RBM3 levels independent of cooling. Notably, a single administration of ASO to exclude the poison exon, using FDA-approved chemistry, results in long-lasting increased RBM3 expression in mouse brains. In prion-diseased mice, this treatment leads to remarkable neuroprotection, with prevention of neuronal loss and spongiosis despite high levels of disease-associated prion protein. Our promising results in mice support the possibility that RBM3-inducing ASOs might also deliver neuroprotection in humans in conditions ranging from acute brain injury to Alzheimer's disease.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-ets-10.1177_00472395231151443 for A Comparison of Video Performance Feedback and Self-Monitoring Strategies to Improve Pre‐Service Teachers’ Implementation of Systematic Instruction by Kristin Joannou Lyon, Virginia L. Walker, Heather Haynes Smith, and Jie Chen in Journal of Educational Technology Systems

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The objective of this scoping review is to establish the existing evidence concerning individual health lifestyle behaviours for the prevention of hypertension in low- and middle-income countries Introduction: Hypertension is a major preventable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries. In Uganda, the prevalence of hypertension is highest in Central Uganda compared to other regions. Over 75% of the population in Uganda lives in rural communities. With the recent epidemiologic transitions where hypertension is on the increase and yet the health care health financing is constrained in the country and the out-of-pocket payment for medical bills is unaffordable for the majority of the people, health lifestyle behaviours for prevention of hypertension must be explored in the rural communities with a higher population.

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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ets-10.1177_00472395231151443 for A Comparison of Video Performance Feedback and Self-Monitoring Strategies to Improve Pre‐Service Teachers’ Implementation of Systematic Instruction by Kristin Joannou Lyon, Virginia L. Walker, Heather Haynes Smith, and Jie Chen in Journal of Educational Technology Systems

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-whe-10.1177_17455057231179061 for Urinary incontinence in women 55 years and older: A scoping review to understand prevalence, incidence, and mortality of urinary incontinence during secondary care admission by Isobel McMillan, Lyndsay Hill, Robyn McCarthy, Ruth Haas-Eckersley, Margaret Russell, Julie Wood, Liz Doxford-Hook, Yu Fu, Linda McGowan and Heather Iles-Smith in Women’s Health

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-whe-10.1177_17455057231179061 for Urinary incontinence in women 55 years and older: A scoping review to understand prevalence, incidence, and mortality of urinary incontinence during secondary care admission by Isobel McMillan, Lyndsay Hill, Robyn McCarthy, Ruth Haas-Eckersley, Margaret Russell, Julie Wood, Liz Doxford-Hook, Yu Fu, Linda McGowan and Heather Iles-Smith in Women’s Health

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ObjectivesFew surveys have focused on physician moral distress, burnout, and professional fulfilment. We assessed physician wellness and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignCross-sectional survey using four validated instruments.SettingSixty-two sites in Canada and the United States.SubjectsAttending physicians (adult, pediatric; intensivist, nonintensivist) who worked in North American ICUs.InterventionNone.Measurements and main resultsWe analysed 431 questionnaires (43.3% response rate) from 25 states and eight provinces. Respondents were predominantly male (229 [55.6%]) and in practice for 11.8 ± 9.8 years. Compared with prepandemic, respondents reported significant intrapandemic increases in days worked/mo, ICU bed occupancy, and self-reported moral distress (240 [56.9%]) and burnout (259 [63.8%]). Of the 10 top-ranked items that incited moral distress, most pertained to regulatory/organizational ( n = 6) or local/institutional ( n = 2) issues or both ( n = 2). Average moral distress (95.6 ± 66.9), professional fulfilment (6.5 ± 2.1), and burnout scores (3.6 ± 2.0) were moderate with 227 physicians (54.6%) meeting burnout criteria. A significant dose-response existed between COVID-19 patient volume and moral distress scores. Physicians who worked more days/mo and more scheduled in-house nightshifts, especially combined with more unscheduled in-house nightshifts, experienced significantly more moral distress. One in five physicians used at least one maladaptive coping strategy. We identified four coping profiles (active/social, avoidant, mixed/ambivalent, infrequent) that were associated with significant differences across all wellness measures.ConclusionsDespite moderate intrapandemic moral distress and burnout, physicians experienced moderate professional fulfilment. However, one in five physicians used at least one maladaptive coping strategy. We highlight potentially modifiable factors at individual, institutional, and regulatory levels to enhance physician wellness.

Enclosing a pen to improve response rate to postal questionnaire: an embedded randomised controlled trial

Aims\ud To identify strategies used by registered nurses and non-registered nursing care staff in overcoming barriers when providing fundamental nursing care for non-invasively ventilated inpatients with COVID-19.\ud \ud Design\ud Online survey with open-ended questions to collect qualitative data.\ud \ud Methods\ud In August 2020, we asked UK-based nursing staff to describe any strategies they employed to overcome barriers to delivering care in 15 fundamental nursing care categories when providing care to non-invasively ventilated patients with COVID-19. We analysed data using Framework Analysis.\ud \ud Results\ud A total of 1062 nurses consented to participate in our survey. We derived four themes. 1) Communication behaviours included adapting verbal and non-verbal communication with patients, using information technology to enable patients’ significant others to communicate with staff and patients, and establishing clear information-sharing methods with other staff. 2) Organizing care required clustering interventions, carefully managing supplies, encouraging patient self-care and using ‘runners’ and interdisciplinary input. 3) Addressing patients’ well-being and values required spending time with patients, acting in loco familiae, providing access to psychological and spiritual support, obtaining information about patients’ wishes early on and providing privacy and comforting/meaningful items. 4) Management and leadership behaviours included training, timely provision of pandemic information, psychological support, team huddles and facilitating regular breaks.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud Our respondents identified multiple strategies in four main areas of clinical practice. Management and leadership are crucial to both fundamental care delivery and the well-being of nurses during pandemics. Grouping strategies into these areas of action may assist nurses and leaders to prepare for pandemic nursing.\ud \ud Impact\ud As these strategies are unlikely to be exclusive to the COVID-19 pandemic, their global dissemination may improve patient experience and help nurses deliver fundamental care when planning pandemic nursing. However, their effectiveness is unknown. Therefore, we are currently evaluating these strategies in a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Dementia is a global medical and societal challenge; it has devastating personal, social and economic costs, which will increase rapidly as the world's population ages. Despite this, there are no disease-modifying treatments for dementia; current therapy modestly improves symptoms but does not change the outcome. Therefore, new treatments are urgently needed-particularly any that can slow down the disease's progression. Many of the neurodegenerative diseases that lead to dementia are characterised by common pathological responses to abnormal protein production and misfolding in brain cells, raising the possibility of the broad application of therapeutics that target these common processes. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is one such mechanism. The UPR is a highly conserved cellular stress response to abnormal protein folding and is widely dysregulated in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the basic machinery of the UPR, as well as the evidence for its overactivation and pathogenicity in dementia, and for the marked neuroprotective effects of its therapeutic manipulation in murine models of these disorders. We discuss drugs identified as potential UPR-modifying therapeutic agents-in particular the licensed antidepressant trazodone-and we review epidemiological and trial data from their use in human populations. Finally, we explore future directions for investigating the potential benefit of using trazodone or similar UPR-modulating compounds for disease modification in patients with dementia., NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014) (JOB). UK Dementia Research Institute (funded by the Medical Research Council UK, Alzheimer's Research UK and the Alzheimer's Society) (G.R.M., H.S.), the Cambridge Centre for Parkinson-Plus (G.R.M. and A.B.) the European Research Council (consolidator grant UPR Neuro; no. 647479), the Joint Proramme Neurodegenerative Disease, the Centres of Excellence in Neurodegeneration and the Well come Trust Collaborative Award (G.R.M). Gnodde Goldman Sachs Translational Neuroscience (B.U &E.S)

Supplemental Material for Video Performance Feedback and Video Self-Monitoring to Improve Systematic Instruction Implementation for Pre-Service Teachers by Virginia L. Walker, Kristin J. Lyon, Amy M. Clausen, Jie Chen and Heather H. Smith in Journal of Special Education Technology

Racist nativism is a concept which helps us understand the relationship between racialisation and nativism. It is used here to examine cultural values perpetuated by media and political discourse as alien to British values in constructions of Britishness. This paper will consider with interest racist nativism revealed in the construction of Islam and, by association Muslims, as (members of) a non-Christian religion of non-Western tradition; and the speaking and speakers of languages other than English. This provides a contextual frame through which to examine education policy from early 2000s to the present day in order to trace how this racist nativism is manifested within and across policy development in England, thereby attributing significant institutional symbolic value. Manifestations of racist nativism are revealed in the quantity, force, focus and tone of the policies, but also, and perhaps most importantly, in deletions and absences, which this paper concludes is suggestive of a state-mandated racial epistemology of ignorance (Mills, 1997)., PRISM: Casting New Light on Learning, Theory and Practice, Early View

In this white paper, we dive into the moral and ethical drivers and motivations to adopt Circular Economy (CE) practices. What’s more, we characterise the societal expectations and reflect on the level of influence that these societal expectations may have in adopting CE practices. We focus on a specific niche in the CE system - the role of water. Wastewater can be considered a largely untapped resource that can provide a major contribution to tackling challenges of water and resource scarcity, pollution and climate change while creating and maintaining vital services, economic growth and employment. More specifically, we consider the role of wastewater as a reusable resource and as a vector for energy and materials to be extracted, treated, stored and reused within an industrial context. This is ‘Water Smart Industrial Symbiosis’ (WSIS). The original title of the deliverable, as conceived in the grant agreement, “societal expectations and challenges around WSIS, and potential societal impacts of WSIS adoption” has been revised to make it more concise and to align it with the shift in emphasis towards moral and ethical drivers. In this white paper, we examine two intertwined aspects of the transformation towards a CE: (i) Moral and ethical drivers and motivations for companies to adopt CE practices (with a particular focus on examples of WSIS); (ii) Societal expectations regarding the adoption of such CE practices. Moral and ethical drivers are explored through the concepts of sustainability (within planetary boundaries), Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). State-of-the-art research is presented concerning environmental and social boundaries, what constitutes a sustainable CE, and ways to interpret and address societal expectations. Due to both environmental and societal challenges, the main takeaway is that a CE is not a synonym for sustainability. A sustainable CE requires an understanding of the interlinkages between global challenges and regional problems. This white paper reflects on ways to increase the sustainability of firms and projects working towards a CE with reference to both regional situations and the broader geographical sphere. CSR is a commonly applied concept, often loosely used to express and legitimise corporate practices, ambition, and identity. Yet, to contribute towards achieving a CE, CSR ambitions and practices require transparent communication, not only focusing on contributions but also highlighting limitations to and ways of improving circularity. A more comprehensive analysis and transparent reporting of how different practices contribute to a CE is essential to avoid potential greenwashing practices. In this way, companies need to be prepared to be held accountable for their CE and sustainability claims. Beyond the benefits of enhancing CE innovations and practices, such a strategy may help contribute to a firm's positive public image in the long run. Hence, one can argue that it is in the interest of the firms as well as society as a whole that corporate communications are specific about CE goals, practices, and the methods of evaluating progress within their CSR strategy. RRI implies that researchers, citizens, policymakers, business and third sector organizations work together throughout the research and innovation process to better align both the process and its outcomes with the values, needs and expectations of society. RRI is compulsory in most projects financed by the EU’s H2020, including the ULTIMATE project. This promotion of RRI and its guiding principles can therefore act as a moral driver for companies and research to invest in novel public engagement and governance aspects of CE systems, particularly as part of their innovation processes. Partners in ULTIMATE and other CE projects recognise a moral obligation to contribute to a sustainable CE. Nevertheless, there are pitfalls on the path towards a sustainable CE. We highlight specific challenges and trade-offs that become evident when considering the CE within environmental and social boundaries, which are both under pressure. CE practitioners, and ULTIMATE partners and stakeholders, in particular, can contribute to more meaningful outcomes if they are aware of potential mismatches between sustainability and CE principles. In this respect, there are two key points to take into account: - A CE does not necessarily reduce the extraction of raw materials, the use of energy or the consumption of materials. Overcoming resource scarcity requires a more comprehensive set of ambitions; - A CE that contributes to environmental sustainability, may reduce social sustainability. Such trade-offs can be better accounted for explicitly rather than implicitly. To enhance the sustainability of CE schemes, partners and firms have to consider these possible pitfalls and trade-offs. Through our investigation of CSR and RRI, we arrive at specific suggestions for reflection, which can be used to raise awareness on how to enhance the sustainability of a CE, by refining or modifying a project or an approach. Thus, the recommendations of this white paper can be exploited by the project partners, and outside ULTIMATE in relevant projects and policy spheres within the EU, as ex ante, intermediate and ex post assessment criteria for various CE initiatives, projects and programmes. Alongside the conceptual discussions on moral and ethical drivers, this white paper presents the results of two national surveys undertaken in Spain and the United Kingdom (UK) where ULTIMATE demonstration cases are located. The surveys asked samples of the general public about their awareness of CE, social expectations for CE, alignment with four values perspectives and assessment of the legitimacy of CE systems. The surveys were supplemented by a small number of follow-up interviews in the UK. The results indicate that awareness of the CE terminology is limited among certain demographics (particularly older age groups in the UK), thus there are opportunities for improving awareness through tailored information and outreach campaigns. There is a general desire for companies to be both environmentally and socially responsible, which corresponds with the environmental and social values perspectives the majority of respondents were aligned with. The results also show a preference among many respondents for some level of government intervention in promoting the CE. However, although most respondents agreed with governments encouraging companies to adopt such systems, the level of agreement was less when it came to providing financial incentives, or for direct regulation. A willingness to pay more for circular products was moderate and, although there may be segments of the population that are willing to pay more, many will not (instead, perhaps, opting for lower prices or convenience). These points add value beyond ULTIMATE, as actors wishing to advance CE initiatives in different regions of the EU can use these results to guide their own investigations into societal expectations. When considering CSR through the lens of organisational and technological legitimacy, our surveys and in-depth interviews indicate that CE systems have higher moral legitimacy. This means that CE systems are judged as the right thing to do and are more aligned with the social values of the respondents. Generalised examples of CE schemes were also evaluated as having a degree of cognitive legitimacy, which means that some respondents comprehend the key goals, mechanisms and urgency. However, respondents were less likely to agree that CE systems provide a personal benefit that encourages them to be involved, thus pragmatic legitimacy is observed to be the lowest of the three forms considered. These results indicate promising opportunities to support the legitimisation of CE systems by further exploiting existing levels of moral and cognitive legitimacy as well as exploring avenues to cultivate pragmatic legitimacy to help people be more involved in CE practices. In this respect, outreach and involvement activities can make a significant difference. Through investigating the social expectations for CE in two EU countries, we are able to extrapolate to an EU level and suggest that there is potential to support citizens’ awareness of CE and WSIS concepts and to implement engagement strategies that will contribute to the broader legitimisation of CE. Furthermore, this document refers to specific EU policies and our recommendations may help the EU water sector in particular work towards these policy aims as well as contribute towards refining methods for how such policy aims can be met. For example, the Circular Economy Action Plan (European Commission, 2020a, ec.europa.eu/environment/circular-economy/) aims for co-creating outcomes with multiple stakeholders, to which we contribute a fuller understanding of the expectations of citizens and recommendations for building legitimacy. Moreover, building on our findings relating to ethical drivers and social expectations for the CE, novel governance or public engagement processes used in ULTIMATE may, in turn, help inform future developments of EU policy such as public engagement or governance dimensions of RRI (European Commission, 2021, ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/node/766). In summary, the recommendations of this white paper have potential to be exploited by other workstreams and partners of the ULTIMATE project, as well as the wider landscape of organisations and policymakers looking to support the wider adoption of CE schemes in the EU (particularly relating to the water sector). We argue that transformation towards a CE requires the establishment of WSIS. The process of putting WSIS into practice requires the development of new cognitive routines and technological trajectories (i.e. know-how) in the engineering community (core aim of WP1) and systematic technological and design interlinkages need to be established too (core aim of WP2). These interlinkages can be shaped by regulations and standards (task 4.2), new governance arrangements (task 4.3), but, perhaps primarily, by ambitions of both companies, policymakers and other stakeholders that are directly or indirectly involved. Hence, the moral-ethical drivers and societal expectations may form a focal point for innovative stakeholder engagement models in WP3, in particular for the business-to-business engagement in task 3.2, citizen engagement in task 3.3 and their interaction in the Living Labs (task 3.4). Through these stakeholder engagement processes, the moral-ethical drivers and societal expectations outlined in this white paper may form – together with the demonstration of technical-symbiotic systems – one of the key considerations for meaningful interaction around WSIS demonstration cases.

Additional file 1. Number of respondents providing data per survey item/ selecting each option within each survey item.

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ajh-10.1177_10499091211005735 for An Instrument to Assess Self-Perceived Competencies in End-of-Life Care for Health Care Professionals: The End-of-Life Care Questionnaire by Marcos Montagnini, Heather M. Smith, Deborah M. Price, Linda Strodtman and Bidisha Ghosh in American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine��

This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the Reference field.

Mobile mental health has been lauded for its potential to remove barriers and increase access to care. Yet, many ethical concerns have been raised most commonly related to privacy and security, risks and safety, and benefits and evidence. Examples of these issues are evident in content analyses and reviews of publicly available mental health applications, with apps for depression found to lack research evidence and information provided to potential users about the app, safety, and privacy. Our research built on previous reviews and analyses to consider the ethical values and issues in mobile mental health with the aim of exploring solutions for greater ethical design and practice. Guided by principlism, professional ethics, and value sensitive design, we conducted a content analysis of the depression app marketplace to determine the ethical issues evident and how these issues reflect ethical values in app design, development, and marketing.

Translanguaging claims to advance social justice as a transformative pedagogy. This paper analyses a tension which developed over the life span of a European research project which aimed to improve the educational experience for Eastern European Roma pupils through teachers’ employment of a translanguaging pedagogy. Roma are ethnically and linguistically heterogeneous, but as a minority group face continued racism, whilst Roma pupils face educational exclusion. The voices of Roma parents, pupils and activists and academics alerted us to potential threats in utilising translanguaging as a political act for transformation in education. They revealed a central tension between recognition of linguistic pluralism for emancipation at school level (with possibilities for policy level changes at local or national levels) and unifying endeavours for collective action towards equality and human rights at a (trans)national level. To understand this tension we reframed it in light of the postmodernist positioning of translanguaging, and critiques of the de-politicizing tendencies of postmodernism. In proposing a way forward for research and pedagogy, we carve a path between pluralism and collectivism by placing translanguaging pedagogy and associated research into Nancy Fraser’s integrative model of recognition and redistribution for transformation.

Rachel Hollis,1 Steven J Ersser,2 Heather Iles-Smith,3,4 Linda Jane Milnes,5 Theresa Munyombwe,6 Cilla Sanders,5 Veronica Swallow5 1The Children’s Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; 2Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK; 3Research and Innovation, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; 4Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; 5School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; 6School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKCorrespondence: Rachel HollisPaediatric Oncology Offices, Martin Wing, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 2EX, UKTel +44 78 1458 4409Email rachel.hollis59@gmail.comPurpose: The study aims were: (i) to convert the Research and Development Culture Index (a validated rating instrument for assessing the strength of organizational Research and Development culture) into electronic format (eR&DCI), and (ii) to test the format and assess the feasibility of administering it to the multidisciplinary (allied health professionals, doctors and nurses) workforce in a National Health Service Hospital (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK) by trialing it with the workforce of the tertiary Children’s Hospital within the organization.Population and methods: The eR&DCI was emailed to all professional staff (n=907) in the Children’s Hospital. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.Results: The eR&DCI was completed by 155 respondents (doctors n=38 (24.52%), nurses n=79 (50.96%) and allied health professionals (AHPs) n=38 (24.52%)). The response rate varied by professional group: responses were received from 79 out of 700 nurses (11%); 38 out of 132 doctors (29%) and 38 out of 76 AHPs (50%). Index scores demonstrated a positive research culture within the multidisciplinary workforce. Survey responses demonstrated differences between the professions related to research training and engagement in formal research activities.Conclusion: This is the first study to assess the feasibility of assessing the strength of an organization’s multidisciplinary workforce research and development (R&D) culture by surveying that workforce using the eR&DCI. We converted the index to “Online Surveys” and successfully administered it to the entire multidisciplinary workforce in the Children’s Hospital. We met our criteria for feasibility: ability to administer the survey and a response rate comparable with similar studies. Uptake could have been increased by also offering the option of the paper-based index for self-administration. Results of the survey are informing delivery of the research strategy in the Children’s Hospital. This methodology has potential application in other healthcare contexts.Keywords: research capacity, research capability, allied health professionals, doctors, nurses, R&D Culture Index

Research investigating commercial mobile applications for depression have shown a range of concerns from limited research evidence, poor treatment fidelity, and issues with privacy and data security. This study advances this work through a content analysis and ethical review of app store listings of apps for depression. Whilst past content analyses and app reviews have highlighted some ethical and safety concerns, there has been no focussed ethical review to consider how these issues may present to potential users who seek to find help and support through the app stores.

Simcoe County, Ontario has one of the longest histories of contact between settlers and Indigenous peoples within Canada. Yet, this area remains understudied by historians, with much of the literature glorifying Canada’s first settlers, while emphasizing the “uncivilized” and “savage” nature of Indigenous peoples. This article tells the remarkable story of the Coldwater-Narrows Reserve (1830-1836) in order to reveal Indigenous life, culture, and presence in the region, while countering problematic perceptions of Indigenous peoples and addressing fundamental gaps in historiography. A variety of primary sources are explored, including archival maps, correspondence, travelogues, journals, and illustrations. This story demonstrates how the peoples of the Coldwater-Narrows Reserve created an enduring legacy of self-determination, which in turn led their descendants to continue their fight against the terms of the 1836 sale of the reserve land up until 2011, when this claim was at last settled by the Canadian government. Thus, this article highlights past accomplishments of Indigenous peoples in Canada, as well as the legacies that these accomplishments have created.

Introduction Slips, trips and falls are common causes of injuries in the workplace. It is estimated that in Great Britain, nearly 1 million days are taken off work due to these injuries. There is some evidence to suggest this accident burden could be reduced by the use of slip resistant footwear. This protocol describes a multicentre trial investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of slip resistant footwear to prevent slips in National Health Service (NHS) staff working in clinical, general or catering environments. Methods and analysis A two-arm, randomised controlled trial conducted within England, with 4400 NHS staff, aged 18 years and above, who adhere to a dress code policy and work in a clinical, catering or general hospital environment. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to the intervention or waiting list control group. The intervention group will be offered a pair of 5-star GRIP rated slip resistant footwear. The control group will be offered the footwear at the end of the trial. The primary outcome is the incidence rate of self-reported slips in the workplace over a 14-week period, as reported via weekly text messages. Secondary outcomes include: time to first slip/fall, proportion of participants who slip and fall over 14 weeks and incidence rate of falls resulting from and not resulting from a slip in the workplace over 14 weeks. An economic evaluation will assess cost-effectiveness, in terms of cost per quality-adjusted life year gained. A nested qualitative study will explore the acceptability of the footwear and compliance. Ethics and dissemination This protocol received a favourable ethical opinion from the University of York, Department of Health Sciences Research Governance Committee. The trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences. A summary of the findings will be made available to participants. Trial registration number ISRCTN33051393; Pre results.

How has the image of the early feminist movement in Quebec been biased by modern ideas of feminism, and what ramifications does this have for how Canadian history is viewed and taught? Building upon current research by historian Micheline Dumont, this paper explores publications by several pioneering feminists of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Quebec, measuring these primary sources against their portrayal in feminist historiography. Contrary to value judgments espoused by feminist historians who have tended to characterize the early feminist movement as “mild” and “maternal,” this paper argues that these women were in fact bold in their unique brand of feminism. As such, these findings aim to reorient the historiography of feminism in Canada, advocating for a multifaceted approach to feminist history which fully considers the lived experiences and cultural contexts of women of the past.

Supplemental material, simon_online_appendix for Disapproved, but Tolerated: The Role of Respect in Outgroup Tolerance by Bernd Simon, Silke Eschert, Christoph Daniel Schaefer, Klaus Michael Reininger, Steffen Zitzmann and Heather J. Smith in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

This document expresses a theoretical and practical description of my research and studio practice. I engage in mining and querying historical and political archives, specifically those documenting the North American Women’s Liberation Movement of the late 1960s to early 1970s. Images and text are collected, then re-presented through the act of hand drawing, furthered by layering and assembling the resulting images to stimulate embedded strategies of resistance and subjectively understand the affect of those positions in the present. A direct interest in themes of potentiality, possibility and the ability to visually and physically express these notions frames my practice. In short, through this work I am asking what are the capabilities of revisiting historical images as sites for latent possibilities of collective engagement? Drawing returns these images to the present, and therefore asks the viewer to reconsider the hopes and failures of the past, the ideals and goals not-yet-realized. The ultimate installation strategies of this work: fragmented, rearranged, layered and reorganized simultaneously seek to crowd the viewer in multiple drawing events, eliciting the sentiment of the crowd, the mass, and re-emphasizing the individual. Ultimately my practice engages in multiple temporalities – past, present and future, through a careful and embodied practice of observation, deliberation, and generative translation., Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts., 1960s - 1970s

The evolutionary pressures leading to the appearance of the cecal appendix, its evolutionary relationships with the cecum, and the link between these gastrointestinal characters and ecology remain controversial. We collected data on appendix presence and size, other gastrointestinal characters, ecological variables, dietary habits, and social characters hypothesized to drive appendix evolution for 533 mammalian species. Using phylogeny-informed analyses, we identified the first evidence of a positive correlation between appendix presence and cecal apex thickness, and a correlation with cecal morphology, suggesting that the appendix and cecum may be evolving as a module, the cecoappendicular complex. A correlation between appendix presence and concentration of cecal lymphoid tissue supports the hypothesis of an adaptive immune function for this complex. Other new findings include an inverse correlation between relative cecum length and habitat breadth,and positive relationships between cecum length and mean group size, and between colon length and weaning age.

SUMMARY: Humanitarian aid has been present in some form throughout human history, yet the modern concept of humanitarian aid has only truly emerged since the later half of the 20th century. Through a complex progression of world events and largely brought about in response to armed conflict, modern humanitarian aid is provided by a multitude of organizations and actors. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief overview of the history of humanitarian action, a review of the principles of humanitarian aid and an overview of the major documents which delineate those principles. Keywords: Humanitarian aid, human rights

This report consists on the identification of the best practices for a flexible and resilient operation of UWCS and their associated transitional pathways. Governance and asset management are analised through the concepts of resilience and transition of the water sector, making explicit that these are two important supporting dimensions. Some guidelines for developing sustainable UWCS are proposed.

The overall objective of WP 63 has been to promote the implementation of TRUST outcomes in the 'urban peri-urban' cities cluster (Oslo, Scottish Water and Bucharest). For this purpose we have developed and demonstrated in close cooperation with all stakeholders, a roadmap of interventions to a sustainable UWCS including their associated governance (and financial) models. The topic(s) to be implemented in the roadmap process has been be decided by the end users/cities. The process of roadmapping and demonstration in the 3 sites is described in this deliverable including the resulting roadmaps.

Bead-on-plate laser welds were made on an industrially produced DP780 steel to determine the effect of normalized welding heat input on the microstructure and mechanical properties within the weld fusion zone (FZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ) with reference to the base material (BM) mechanical properties. Normalized welding heat input was calculated using an established model from the literature utilizing measurements from the weld cross-section microstructures along with known materials properties. Microhardness profiles and optical microscopy were employed to evaluate materials properties and microstructural changes across the various microstructural zones of each weld. The mechanical properties of the welds were evaluated globally through standard ASTM tensile specimens as well as through a series of specialized mechanical testing sample geometries which examined the properties of individual microstructural zones. These specialized sample geometries included non-standard uniaxial and plain strain tension where effective stress and effective strains were used to compare the mechanical properties across samples. It was determined that there was a good correlation between ASTM standard samples and the specialized sample geometries employed in this study and that the UTS and YS values obtained in both cases were comparable. Sigmoidal decay behaviour was observed in the UTS and YS with increasing heat input for both the FZ and HAZ of all welds. It was found that welds with heat inputs greater than 60 J/mm2 had both a UTS and YS which were significantly depressed in the FZ and HAZ when compared to the base material values. Conversely, welds with heat inputs below 36.3 J/mm2 were found to have a UTS and YS in both the FZ and HAZ microstructural zones which were above the values determined for the BM. When global weld properties were tested, it was found that welds with a heat input greater than 60.0 J/mm2 failed within the HAZ while welds with heat inputs below 36.3 J/mm2 failed within the BM. It has been shown that there is a significant correlation between the heat inputs of laser welded DP steels and both the mechanical properties and microstructural features of the various microstructural zones as well as the location of failure during weld tensile testing. It has also been demonstrated that the mechanical properties of weld microstructural zones can be qualitatively evaluated using specialized tensile testing geometries. Thesis Master of Applied Science (MASc)

The Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) is a network of 33 centers in North America that study the treatment of rare and severe primary immunodeficiency diseases. Current protocols address the natural history of patients treated for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, and chronic granulomatous disease through retrospective, prospective, and cross-sectional studies. The PIDTC additionally seeks to encourage training of junior investigators, establish partnerships with European and other International colleagues, work with patient advocacy groups to promote community awareness, and conduct pilot demonstration projects. Future goals include the conduct of prospective treatment studies to determine optimal therapies for primary immunodeficiency diseases. To date, the PIDTC has funded 2 pilot projects: newborn screening for SCID in Navajo Native Americans and B-cell reconstitution in patients with SCID after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ten junior investigators have received grant awards. The PIDTC Annual Scientific Workshop has brought together consortium members, outside speakers, patient advocacy groups, and young investigators and trainees to report progress of the protocols and discuss common interests and goals, including new scientific developments and future directions of clinical research. Here we report the progress of the PIDTC to date, highlights of the first 2PIDTC workshops, and consideration of future consortium objectives.

Bu makale, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde toplum ve klinik ruh sağlığı psikolojik danışmanlığının tarihsel gelişimi ve günümüzdeki durumu üzerine genel bir bakış açısını sunmaktadır. Türkiye’deki psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik ile ilişkilendirilerek başlayan yazı, toplum ve klinik ruh sağlığı psikolojik danışmanlığının başlangıcından itibaren onlu yıllar halindeki gelişimi, alandaki önemli kişilerden, tolumsal hareketlerden ve olaylardan söz edilerek aktarılmıştır. Makale, toplum ve klinik ruh sağlığı psikolojik danışmanlığı ile ilgili günümüzdeki sorunlar ve gelecek için umutlardan söz ederek bitirilmiştir., This article presents an overview of the historical development and the current status of community and clinical mental health counseling in the United States. It begins with relevance to the counseling profession in Turkey, followed by significant individuals, actions, and events that took place during each of the decades reviewed. The article concludes with concerns at the present and hopes for the future.

Developments in the theories and applications of risk, vulnerability, resilience and adaptive management within the context of urban water services are described and evaluated, facilitating consensus on their interpretation and subsequent management approaches. A synopsis of current thinking in the literature and the models, tools and techniques used in the application of risk, vulnerability, resilience and adaptive management concepts is presented. Representatives from two European water service providers were interviewed to explore whether and how these concepts are understood and interpreted within their organisations. This report presents evidence that the concepts of risk and (perhaps to a lesser extent) vulnerability are more widely applied and embedded in the water services sector than resilience and adaptive management. Discrepancies in how resilience is characterised were also observed. The engineering-based approach to resilience focuses on improving ?critical infrastructure resilience?, whereas the socio-ecological approach seeks to improve flexibility and foster creative re-organisation of complex systems. A case for further exploration of the latter, socio-ecological, concept and its operational aspects in the context of urban water services is provided.

Although open public access to electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) has been widely implemented in higher education, some faculty advisors and graduate student authors are still concerned that unfiltered access to their ETDs could diminish future publishing opportunities. This presentation will discuss a survey of academic journal editors about their attitudes towards ETDs that was conducted under the auspices of the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. At the fall 2011 Coalition for Networked Information meeting, results of a survey of social science and humanities editors and university press directors were reported. This presentation will share the latest survey findings regarding the policies of science journals in light of open access ETDs. It will also compare the results from the 2011 social science and humanities survey and the 2012 science survey. NDLTD (Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations)

A roadmap enables decision makers to plan and implement a pathway to achieve desired objectives. At the same time it serves as an excellent communication tool. The TRUST roadmap links strategy to future needs and actions and incorporates a plan for needed adaptations measures to be available at the right time. It addresses to managers and decision makers of urban water services related institutions in each city/demonstration cluster of the project and can be adapted in general for all strategic UWCS planning activities. The roadmap process can consider good practices of water service related institutions (e.g. drinking water/wastewater utility, local administration, local government, NGOs etc.) for urban water management and its sustainable planning. It will help to find the individual pathway to sustainable UWCS focussing on individual/regional/local adaptation needs and ambitions of the TRUST cities/demonstration clusters. The roadmap is designed as a communication approach that organises a collaborative strategic planning for sustainable USWC in 2040. It supports a direct exchange between all relevant actors. An open interest of the cities/demonstration areas in transition and adaptation issues is a very important element for a successful roadmap demonstration. The roadmap exercise needs data and information about the status quo and (realistic) assumptions about selected future trends and pressures of each participating city. This information will be collected, analysed and assessed with an active participation of the cities in workshops to define a catalogue of measures for a stepwise implementation of the urban water system and service transition. The guideline describes the roadmap demonstration and provides supporting templates. The whole concept will be tested in the demonstration activities in TRUST and will be applicable to any city/region outside of TRUST.

In spite of some institutions decade-long policy of providing open public access to ETDs in their online repositories, some faculty advisors and ETD authors are still concerned that unfiltered access to ETDs could diminish future publishing opportunities. Therefore, the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations Board of Directors charged a working group to survey editors about their attitudes and journal policies regarding online theses and dissertations. At the 2011 ETD symposium, the authors reported the results of the survey of social science and humanities editors’ and publishers’ attitudes toward freely accessible ETDs. Those findings revealed that the majority of manuscripts, which are revisions of openly, accessible ETDs are welcome for submission. The authors subsequently conducted a similar survey of science journal editors. This paper presents the preliminary survey findings regarding the policies of science journals in light of open access ETDs. It also compares and contrasts the survey responses among the three publishing communities--science, humanities, and social science. Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD)

Effortful control (EC) has important implications for children’s development. Although genetic factors and parenting have been shown to influence EC, few studies have examined whether they interact to predict its development. The current study investigated associations between parenting and children’s EC, and whether these associations were moderated by children’s DRD4 exon III VNTR genotype. A community sample o f 409 three-year-olds completed behavioural measures o f EC, and their caregivers completed laboratory and self-report measures of parenting. Observed and self- reported negative parenting were associated with lower child EC. The association between children’s EC and positive parenting was moderated by children’s DRD4 genotype, such that children with at least one 7-repeat allele displayed both better and poorer EC than children without this allele, depending on the degree of positive parenting. These results extend recent findings suggesting that certain genetic polymorphisms sensitize children to contextual influences in a bivalent manner.

The goal of raising moral, productive and engaged citizens has remained consistent throughout the history of education. Service-Learning is a pedagogical tool that is increasingly being used by educators to challenge students to interact and engage meaningfully with the world around them. The object of this case study was to examine the perceived impact of an International Service-Learning (IS-L) program on the long-term moral development and behaviour of its participants. In this study, participants of IS-L trips at the Mennonite Educational Institute (MEI) Secondary School between 1995 and 2005 were invited to share their perceptions through surveys and interviews and through historical document analysis. Responses were viewed through a triadic framework comprised of three elements that constitute moral development: situating oneself, practicing moral action and engaging in reflective dialogue. Participant responses, combined with a comprehensive literature review were used to attempt to answer the research question in this study. Many study respondents described the transformative effects of their IS-L experience. Responses showed evidence of moral growth and development and of subsequent and sustained moral action. The seven themes that emerged in participant descriptions of how these trips had impact were: enlarging worldviews, causing cognitive changes, invoking self-discovery, developing a sense of otherness, inspiring faith development, struggling to re-enter and inspiring further involvement. Perceived shortcomings of the IS-L program were also identified by respondents and discussed in this study. As educators seek continuous improvement through program revision, these recommendations could be instrumental in strengthening the IS-L program at MEI. By nature, this case study is not necessarily generalizable and points to the need for further research regarding the nature and retention of the effects of this transformative experience.

VCU Theses and Dissertations