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BackgroundMeasuring objective resource-use quantities is important for generating valid cost estimates in economic evaluations. In the absence of acknowledged guidelines, measurement methods are often chosen based on practicality rather than methodological evidence. Furthermore, few resource-use measurement (RUM) instruments focus on the measurement of resource use in multiple societal sectors and their development process is rarely described. Thorn and colleagues proposed a stepwise approach to the development of RUM instruments, which has been used for developing cost questionnaires for specific trials. However, it remains unclear how this approach can be translated into practice and whether it is applicable to the development of generic self-reported RUM instruments and instruments measuring resource use in multiple sectors. This study provides a detailed description of the practical application of this stepwise approach to the development of a multi-sectoral RUM instrument developed within the ProgrammE in Costing, resource use measurement and outcome valuation for Use in multi-sectoral National and International health economic evaluAtions (PECUNIA) project.MethodsFor the development of the PECUNIA RUM, the methodological approach was based on best practice guidelines. The process included six steps, including the definition of the instrument attributes, identification of cost-driving elements in each sector, review of methodological literature and development of a harmonized cross-sectorial approach, development of questionnaire modules and their subsequent harmonization.ResultsThe selected development approach was, overall, applicable to the development of the PECUNIA RUM. However, due to the complexity of the development of a multi-sectoral RUM instrument, additional steps such as establishing a uniform methodological basis, harmonization of questionnaire modules and involvement of a broader range of stakeholders (healthcare professionals, sector-specific experts, health economists) were needed.ConclusionThis is the first study that transparently describes the development process of a generic multi-sectoral RUM instrument in health economics and provides insights into the methodological aspects and overall validity of its development process.

Objectives Country-specific value sets for the EQ-5D are available which reflect preferences for health states elicited from the general population. This allows the transformation of responses on EQ-5D to health state utility values. Only twelve European countries possess country-specific value sets and no value set reflecting the preferences of Europe exists. We aim to estimate a ‘pan-European’ value set for the EQ-5D-3L, reflecting the preferences for health states of the European population that could help to evaluate health care from the perspective of the European decision-maker. Methods We systematically assessed and compared the methodologies of available EQ-5D-3L time trade-off (TTO) value sets from twelve European countries: Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Spain and UK. Using their published coefficients, a dataset with utility values for all 243 health states was simulated. Different modelling techniques and model specifications including interaction terms were tested. Model selection was based on goodness-of-fit criteria. We also explored results with application of population size weights. Results Methodological, procedural and analytical characteristics of the included EQ-5D-3L valuation studies were quite comparable. An OLS based model was the preferred model to represent European preferences. Weighting with population size made little difference. Conclusions EQ-5D-3L valuation studies were considered of sufficient comparability to form the basis for a new ‘pan-European’ value set. The method used allows for an easy update when new national value sets become available.

Additional file 1: Figure 1. Adapted PRISMA flow chart of study selection. Table 2. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. Table 3. Synthesis of country-specific recommendations regarding valuation aspects from economic evaluation guidelines of six selected European countries.

Depressed patients often do not respond to the first antidepressant prescribed, resulting in sequential trials of different medications. Personalised medicine offers a means of reducing this delay, however the clinical effectiveness of personalised approaches to antidepressant treatment has not previously been tested. We assessed the clinical effectiveness of using a predictive algorithm, based on behavioural tests of affective cognition and subjective symptoms, to guide antidepressant treatment. We conducted a multi-centre, open-label, randomised controlled trial in 913 medication-free depressed patients. Patients were randomly assigned to have their antidepressant treatment guided by a predictive algorithm or treatment as usual (TaU). The primary outcome was response of depression symptoms, defined as a 50% or greater reduction in baseline score of the QIDS-SR-16 scale, at week 8. Additional prespecified outcomes included symptoms of anxiety at week 8, and symptoms of depression and functional outcome at weeks 8, 24 and 48. The response rate of depressive symptoms at week 8 in the PReDicT (55.9% ) and TaU (51.8% ) arms did not differ significantly (odds ratio: 1.18 (95% CI: 0.89-1.56), p=0.25). However, there was a significantly greater reduction of anxiety at week 8 and a greater improvement in functional outcome at week 24 in the PReDicT arm. Use of the PReDicT test did not increase the rate of response to antidepressant treatment estimated by depressive symptoms, but did improve symptoms of anxiety at week 8 and functional outcome at week 24. Our findings indicate that personalisation of antidepressant treatment may improve outcomes in depressed patients.

Quantitative lung measures derived from computed tomography (CT) have been demonstrated to improve prognostication in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients, but are not part of the clinical routine since required manual segmentation of lung lesions is prohibitively time-consuming. We propose a new fully automated deep learning framework for rapid quantification and differentiation between lung lesions in COVID-19 pneumonia from both contrast and non-contrast CT images using convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) networks. Utilizing the expert annotations, model training was performed 5 times with separate hold-out sets using 5-fold cross-validation to segment ground-glass opacity and high opacity (including consolidation and pleural effusion). The performance of the method was evaluated on CT data sets from 197 patients with positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test result for SARS-CoV-2. Strong agreement between expert manual and automatic segmentation was obtained for lung lesions with a Dice score coefficient of 0.876 $\pm$ 0.005; excellent correlations of 0.978 and 0.981 for ground-glass opacity and high opacity volumes. In the external validation set of 67 patients, there was dice score coefficient of 0.767 $\pm$ 0.009 as well as excellent correlations of 0.989 and 0.996 for ground-glass opacity and high opacity volumes. Computations for a CT scan comprising 120 slices were performed under 2 seconds on a personal computer equipped with NVIDIA Titan RTX graphics processing unit. Therefore, our deep learning-based method allows rapid fully-automated quantitative measurement of pneumonia burden from CT and may generate results with an accuracy similar to the expert readers., Fixed some typing mistakes in v2. No other results changed

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Additional file 1: Comparison of translation procedures in the German and Hungarian versions of OxCAP-MH.

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PurposeCurrent RCT and meta-analyses have not found any effect of community treatment orders (CTOs) on hospital or social outcomes. Assumed positive impacts of CTOs on quality-of-life outcomes and reduced hospital costs are potentially in conflict with patient autonomy. Therefore, an analysis of the cost and quality-of-life consequences of CTOs was conducted within the OCTET trial.MethodsThe economic evaluation was carried out comparing patients (n = 328) with psychosis discharged from involuntary hospitalisation either to treatment under a CTO (CTO group) or voluntary status via Section 17 leave (non-CTO group) from the health and social care and broader societal perspectives (including cost implication of informal family care and legal procedures). Differences in costs and outcomes defined as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) based on the EQ-5D-3L or capability-weighted life years (CWLYs) based on the OxCAP-MH were assessed over 12 months (£, 2012/13 tariffs).ResultsMean total costs from the health and social care perspective [CTO: £35,595 (SD: £44,886); non-CTO: £36,003 (SD: £41,406)] were not statistically significantly different in any of the analyses or cost categories. Mental health hospitalisation costs contributed to more than 85% of annual health and social care costs. Informal care costs were significantly higher in the CTO group, in which there were also significantly more manager hearings and tribunals. No difference in health-related quality of life or capability wellbeing was found between the groups.ConclusionCTOs are unlikely to be cost-effective. No evidence supports the hypothesis that CTOs decrease hospitalisation costs or improve quality of life. Future decisions should consider impacts outside the healthcare sector such as higher informal care costs and legal procedure burden of CTOs.

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is an accurate non-invasive modality for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the diagnostic performance of CCTA is limited in patients with high coronary artery calcium score (CAC score). In these...

Additional file 1:. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*

Summary Background Addressing the growing burden of mental diseases is a public health priority. Nevertheless, many countries lack reliable estimates of the proportion of the population affected, which are crucial for health and social policy planning. This study aimed to collect existing evidence on the prevalence of mental diseases in Austria. Methods A systematic review was conducted using MeSH, EMTREE and free-text terms in seven bibliographic databases. In addition, the references of included papers and relevant Austria-specific websites were searched. Articles published after 1996 pertaining to the Austrian adult population and presenting prevalence data for mental diseases were included in the analysis. Results A total of 2612 records were identified in the database search, 19 of which were included in the analysis, 13 were community-based studies and 6 examined institutionalized populations. Sample sizes ranged from 200 to 15,474. The evidence was centered around depression (n = 6, 32%), eating disorders (n = 4, 21%) and alcohol dependence (n = 3, 16%). While most studies (n = 10, 53%) used questionnaires and scales to identify mental diseases, seven studies used structured clinical interviews, and two studies examined use of psychotropic drugs. Due to the diversity of methodologies, no statistical pooling of prevalence estimates was possible. Conclusion Information on the prevalence of mental diseases in Austria is limited and comparability between studies is restricted. A variety of diagnostic instruments, targeted populations and investigated diseases contribute to discrepancies in the prevalence rates. A systematic, large-scale study on the prevalence of mental diseases in Austria is needed for comprehensive and robust epidemiological evidence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00508-018-1316-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A vevők megtartása az online kereskedők számára is lényeges feladattá vált, a lojalitás mérése mellett gyakran magában foglalja az újravásárlási és az ajánlási szándékot is. A vevőérték orientáció gondolata mentén kutatásunkban egy integrált modellt alkottunk, amely a vevők egyedi véleményformáló magatartási jellemzőivel kombinálja az adott vásárlás esetén felmerülő percepciókat (minőségészlelés, elégedettség, bizalom, hasznosság). A modell tesztelése PLS útelemzéssel történt egy 2000 fős online megkérdezés eredményei alapján. Eredményeink alapján a hat hatás bizonyult szignifikánsnak és erősnek (bizalom→eredményesség, minőség→bizalom, minőség→elégedettség, elégedettség→újravásárlási szándék, elégedettség→továbbajánlási szándék). Az offline véleményformáló magatartás hatása a továbbajánlási szándékra szignifikáns ugyan, de nagyon alacsony Cohen féle f2 értékkel rendelkezik. Hasonlóan, alacsony értéket (f2=0,07) kapunk az online véleményformáló magatartás esetében. Összességében azonban az integrált modell alapján felállítható összefüggések szerint, (az egyes exogén változókat mérve) előre jelezhetővé válik a vevők továbbajánlási és újravásárlási szándéka és ez egy nem monetáris ügyfélérték számítási alapját jelenti. --- Customer loyalty has become a key metric for e-tailers and it is frequently assessed “through the lenses” of repurchase and recommendation intention. Following the customer value oriented approach; we suggest an integrated SEM model, which combines important aspects of a webshop (quality perception, trust, usefulness, satisfaction) with the construct of online opinion leadership. Based on a large sample of online purchases we have tested the model with partial least square (PLS) path modelling. Results suggest that six of the suggested effects are strong (trust on usefulness, quality on trust and satisfaction, satisfaction on recommendation and repurchase intention). However, the offline opinion leadership construct has a low effect (Cohen's f2 value) on recommendation intention. The effect size of online opinion leadership on the same variable is higher, but still low (f2=0,07). The results are useful to predict online and offline word-of-mouth intentions and future purchases as well as to calculate a non-monetary customer value.

Explanatory information of presented headline indicators per HSPA domain. (DOCX 41 kb)

Example of the translation process for one questionnaire item. (DOCX 16 kb)

Framework and definitions of HSPA domains based on EuroREACH [10]. (DOCX 88 kb)

Curative Experience Questionnaire. (DOCX 13 kb)

BackgroundAntidepressant medication is commonly used to treat depression. However, many patients do not respond to the first medication prescribed and improvements in symptoms are generally only detectable by clinicians 4–6 weeks after the medication has been initiated. As a result, there is often a long delay between the decision to initiate an antidepressant medication and the identification of an effective treatment regimen.Previous work has demonstrated that antidepressant medications alter subtle measures of affective cognition in depressed patients, such as the appraisal of facial expression. Furthermore, these cognitive effects of antidepressants are apparent early in the course of treatment and can also predict later clinical response. This trial will assess whether an electronic test of affective cognition and symptoms (the Predicting Response to Depression Treatment Test; PReDicT Test) can be used to guide antidepressant treatment in depressed patients and, therefore, hasten treatment response compared to a control group of patients treated as usual.Methods/designThe study is a randomised, two-arm, multi-centre, open-label, clinical investigation of a medical device, the PReDicT Test. It will be conducted in five European countries (UK, France, Spain, Germany and the Netherlands) in depressed patients who are commencing antidepressant medication. Patients will be randomised to treatment guided by the PReDicT Test (PReDicT arm) or to Treatment as Usual (TaU arm). Patients in the TaU arm will be treated as per current standard guidelines in their particular country. Patients in the PReDicT arm will complete the PReDicT Test after 1 (and if necessary, 2) weeks of treatment. If the test indicates non-response to the treatment, physicians will be advised to immediately alter the patient’s antidepressant therapy by dose escalation or switching to another compound. The primary outcome of the study is the proportion of patients showing a clinical response (defined as 50% or greater decrease in baseline scores of depression measured using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms – Self-Rated questionnaire) at week 8. Health economic and acceptability data will also be collected and analysed.DiscussionThis trial will test the clinical efficacy, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of using the novel PReDicT Test to guide antidepressant treatment selection in depressed patients.

Floor and ceiling effects for OxCAP-MH items scored on a 1 to 5 Likert scale. (DOCX 13Â kb)

Correlation of individual items of the OxCAP-MH with established measures of illness severity, functioning and social outcomes. (DOCX 13Â kb)

Alkalmazott Pszichológia, vol. 17. issue 1. ISSN 1419-872X

The original Health Economics Questionnaire (HEQ) is a comprehensive patient self-completed health economics questionnaire measuring health and social care resource use, medication, absenteeism from work and presenteeism, other productivity impacts as well as socio-demographic background information. It was developed in 2016 based on several years of international experience with within-trial (mental health) economic evaluations and originally implemented in the multi-country European PreDicT study. Further language versions are also available in Dutch, French, German and Spanish. Note:All existing versions of theHEQ will not be updatedin the future. Instead, we encourage the use of the comprehensive newPECUNIAresource use measurement (RUM)instrumentdeveloped as part of the European research projectPECUNIA (2018-2021). ThePECUNIA RUMis an internationally standardised, harmonised and validated, generic, self-reported modular instrument that measures resource use in all relevant sectors for costing from a societal perspective in the adult population. Further information and access details can be found onhttps://www.pecunia-project.eu/tools/rum-instrument. User conditions HEQ The use of the HEQ is free for non-commercial purposes under CC BY NC and is conditional upon citation of the HEQ in any resulting work/publication as follows: Kingslake J, Dias R, Dawson GR,Simon J, Goodwin GM, Harmer CJ, et al. (2017)The effects of using the PReDicT Test to guide the antidepressant treatment of depressed patients: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial.Trials. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2247-2 Simon, J & Mayer, S (2016) HEQ (Health Economics Questionnaire), Version 08-09-2016, Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1485977 Permission Permission for any HEQ instrument use can be requested by e-mail at dhe@meduniwien.ac.at

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA A szájreklám régóta fontos területként jelenik meg a marketing szakirodalomban. A tanulmány azonban az online word-of-mouth kutatások között új nézőpontból vizsgálja a szájreklámhoz köthető egyéni magatartáskomponensek hatását az elégedettségre, és ezen keresztül a továbbajánlási és újravásárlási szándékra. ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN A látens változók közötti kapcsolatok elemzésére a strukturális egyenletek módszertana (SEM) került alkalmazásra. Az 1 000 fős mintavétel online kérdőíves megkérdezéssel történt azok körében, akik az adatfelvételt megelőző 3 hónapban vásároltak az interneten. Az egyes látens változók mérésére a szakirodalomban fellelhető korábbi kutatások alapján került sor és a skálák megbízhatósági mutatói megfelelőnek bizonyultak. A KUTATÁS LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYE, ÚJDONSÁGOK A feltárt összefüggések többsége szignifikáns és a felvázolt modell illeszkedésmutatói is elfogadhatóak. A személyközi információs befolyásoltság, mint egyéni tényező, meghatározó jelentőséggel bír a vélemények keresésére és terjesztésére mind online, mind offline környezetben. A kapcsolat szorossága és az észlelt hasonlóság pozitív szignifikáns kapcsolatot mutat az online véleményelfogadási hajlandósággal. Az online véleménykeresés a véleményelfogadáson keresztül szintén pozitív hatást gyakorol az elégedettségre és így a továbbajánlási és az újravásárlási szándékra. Mindez fontos mozzanatát jelenti az online vásárlásoknak, hiszen a vállalattal fennálló kapcsolat nagyobb valószínűséggel folytatódik és még inkább sor kerülhet a továbbajánlásra online vagy offline környezetben. GYAKORLATI/GAZDASÁGPOLITIKAI JAVASLATOK Gyakorlati szempontból érdekes következményekkel jár a modellben feltárt összefüggésrendszer. Ezek szerint azok, akik magasabb véleménykeresési magatartással, mint általános személyes jellemzővel bírnak, az internetes vásárlásaik során egy konkrét alkalommal is magasabb elégedettséggel rendelkeznek majd. Így érdemes lehet e tényezőt önmagában is szegmentációs ismérvnek tekinteni, amennyiben a vállalati cél, hogy pozitívabb vásárlási kimeneteket, elégedettebb ügyfeleket szerezzenek. Tovább árnyalja azonban a képet az online véleményadási magatartás és az elégedettség között feltárt negatív irányú kapcsolat. E mögött számos okot feltételezhetünk, amelyek kifejtésre kerülnek a tanulmányban.

El projecte s’emmarca dins els estudis que fa el Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología y Medio Ambiente de Cuba. Aquest organisme realitza un monitoreig ambiental integral de les platges, avaluant aspectes estructurals, morfològics i dinàmics, estat de la vegetació i qualitat de l’aigua. El projecte es centra en el monitoreig ambiental de l’aigua de les platges, que té com a propòsit fonamental valorar, observar i controlar el recurs aigua per protegir, conservar i millorar la seva qualitat. Es pretén analitzar puntualment i evolutivament la qualitat sanitària de les platges utilitzant la Norma Cubana com a límit establert. Per determinar aquesta qualitat es tenen en compte diferents indicadors físico-químics i microbiològics i també aspectes estètics

OBJECTIVES: We describe the development of a five-session psychoeducational treatment, Facilitated Integrated Mood Management (FIMM), which contains many of the core elements of longer evidence-based psychosocial treatments for bipolar disorder. FIMM incorporated a novel mood monitoring program based on mobile phone technology. METHODS: Adult patients with bipolar I and II disorders (N = 19) received six sessions (Pilot I: n = 14) or five sessions (Pilot II: n = 5) of FIMM with pharmacotherapy. Treatment facilitators were novice counselors who were trained in a three-day workshop and supervised for six months. FIMM sessions focused on identifying early signs of recurrence, maintaining regular daily and nightly routines, rehearsing mood management strategies, maintaining adherence to medications, and education about substance abuse. Patients sent daily text messages or e-mails containing ratings of their mood and sleep, and weekly messages containing self-ratings on the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) and the Altman Self Rating Mania Scale (ASRM). Patients also completed a weekly mood management strategies questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 19 patients, 17 (89.5%) completed FIMM in an average of 9.2 ± 3.4 weeks (Pilot I) and 7.6 ± 0.9 weeks (Pilot II). Patients reported stable moods on the QIDS and ASRM over a 120-day period, and on average responded to 81% of the daily message prompts and 88% of the weekly QIDS and ASRM prompts. Facilitators maintained high levels of fidelity to the FIMM manual. Patients' knowledge of mood management strategies increased significantly between the first and last weeks of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with bipolar disorder can be engaged in a short program of facilitated mood management. The effects of FIMM on the course of bipolar disorder await evaluation in randomized trials. The program may be a useful adjunct to pharmacotherapy in community centers that cannot routinely administer full courses of psychosocial treatment.

Creativity is highly sought after in our society, but that is far from obvious what is really meant by it. Many researchers in the field of creativity stress the lack of clarity, and it is described as a divided felt. The aim of this thesis is to clarify the meaning structure of the phenomenon of creativity, i.e. those distinguishing features that together form the experience of creativity. The individual’s experience of creativity is studied in two different contexts, individually and in-group collaboration. The research object is adult people’s experience of creativity in its natural expression in the everyday world. Data have been collected from open interviews, and is constituted of descriptions of a particular situation when the participants experienced creativity. The results consist of the meaning structures for the phenomenon of being creative individually respectively in-group collaboration. In the analysis it has emerged that the creative process is both creating meaning and producing a product at the same time. The three main distinguishing features of the experience of creativity are: 1) an experienced discrepancy between the existing and the possible; 2) a special alertness that surfaces during the creating; 3) a progression which occurs under the process and cannot be completely ruled. The creative process includes thoughts, acts, feelings, body, material and communicative processes; and it results in new knowledge, a new approach, a change in emotion and new constituted gestalts. The experience of creativity individually and in-group collaboration is different, among other things, in that the later is more complex, and that the group makes extra efforts to deal with the higher complexity.

Creativity is highly sought after in our society, but that is far from obvious what is really meant by it. Many researchers in the field of creativity stress the lack of clarity, and it is described as a divided felt. The aim of this thesis is to clarify the meaning structure of the phenomenon of creativity, i.e. those distinguishing features that together form the experience of creativity. The individual’s experience of creativity is studied in two different contexts, individually and in-group collaboration. The research object is adult people’s experience of creativity in its natural expression in the everyday world. Data have been collected from open interviews, and is constituted of descriptions of a particular situation when the participants experienced creativity. The results consist of the meaning structures for the phenomenon of being creative individually respectively in-group collaboration. In the analysis it has emerged that the creative process is both creating meaning and producing a product at the same time. The three main distinguishing features of the experience of creativity are: 1) an experienced discrepancy between the existing and the possible; 2) a special alertness that surfaces during the creating; 3) a progression which occurs under the process and cannot be completely ruled. The creative process includes thoughts, acts, feelings, body, material and communicative processes; and it results in new knowledge, a new approach, a change in emotion and new constituted gestalts. The experience of creativity individually and in-group collaboration is different, among other things, in that the later is more complex, and that the group makes extra efforts to deal with the higher complexity.

Az üzleti kapcsolatok értéke meglehetősen bonyolult jelenség. Gazdasági, társadalmi és idő dimenziókkal ragadható meg. Másként jelentkezik egy üzleti kapcsolat csere, kapcsolati, illetve hálózati szintjén. Minden egyes szinten az üzleti kapcsolat értéke gazdasági és társadalmi elemek valamilyen, időben változó kombinációjaként jelentkezik. Az üzleti kapcsolatban érintettek valamennyien különböző módon észlelik ezt a kombinációt. 2002 tavaszán tíz mélyinterjú keretében az üzleti életben már komoly tapasztalatokkal rendelkező magyar vállalatvezetőt kérdeztünk arról, hogy mit gondolnak az üzleti kapcsolatok értékéről. A cikkben ennek a vizsgálatnak az eredményeit mutatják be és elemzik a szerzők.

PReDiCT SPIRIT Checklist v0.2 6 Jan 2017. (DOCX 49 kb)

Due to currently lacking internationally comparable measurement and valuation methods for services for mental disorders delivered in the health and social care sectors, Work Package (WP) 1 of the ProgrammE in Costing, resource use measurement and outcome valuation for Use in multi-sectoral National and International health economic evaluAtions (PECUNIA, 2018-2021) focuses on the development of these methods. The first aim of WP1 was to establish harmonised health and social care service lists and and/or resource descriptions for the six participating PECUNIA countries (Austria, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Spain and United Kingdom) for mental disorders. Further, a standardized health and social care module for a multi-sectoral service and resource-use measurement (RUM) instrument was to be developed ensuring cross-country comparability and transferability. In line with the final objective of WP1, based on the identified services and their descriptions and compatible with the developed RUM instrument (Horizontal Activities 1-3, HAs1-3), standardized costing templates for health and social care services were to be developed in accordance with HA4 (‘Valuation’), corresponding to Deliverable 1.4. This Deliverable 1.4 report presents the activities and results related to the final objective of WP1, i.e. the development of standardized unit cost templates for the health and social care sectors by the Medical University of Vienna (Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health) until December 2019. Note that in line with the PECUNIA care atom, based on the lists of resource use items identified in WPs1-4, it was established that the WP1 costing approaches were not only applicable to services in the health and social care sectors (WP1) but were to be designed to cover services delivered in other sectors. Suggested citation: Mayer S, Fischer C, Simon J, on behalf of the PECUNIA Group (2019): Standardized costing template for selected costing approaches: health and social care. Deliverable D1.4: PECUNIA project. Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4279100 For further information, please contact dhe@meduniwien.ac.at

PReDiCT SPIRIT Checklist v0.2 6 Jan 2017. (DOCX 49 kb)