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Foreword For the first time in its history, IEEE VNC has included this year’s demonstrations in its program. Demonstrations play an important role to expose the research community to practical aspects of research and to foster cross-fertilization among researchers both in academia and in industry. Demonstrations of vehicular communication system solutions are considered very challenging, especially due to space constraints of conference venues. In its inaugural appearance, the contrib- utors of this demonstration session took this challenge to the heart and managed to showcase their implementation work with both hands-on expositions and with recordings of larger scale outdoor testbeds. With topics ranging from applications to communication challenges, we hope that this demonstration session of IEEE VNC 2011 will spark new and interesting discussions. Eylem Ekici Demo Chair

On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we would like to welcome you to the third edition of the IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (IEEE VNC 2011) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. IEEE VNC is a unique conference sponsored by both the IEEE Communications Society and the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society. It brings together these generally distinct communities to facilitate learning and to benefit from each others’ vast experience in the respective fields. The organizing committee spent countless hours and worked diligently to make this conference possible and to put together a comprehensive, high-quality program. Producing a conference is always a team effort involving many volunteers, and we would like to thank the team that made IEEE VNC 2011 possible. In particular, we are greatly indebted to our Technical Program Committee (TPC) co-chairs, Frank Kargl, Falko Dressler, Hiroshi Shigeno, and Eylem Ekici, as well as to their TPC members. The TPC co-chairs compiled a very interesting program with highly respected and distinguished invited speakers, a very interesting, and hopefully lively, panel, and an excellent technical program. The conference received 93 submissions of which 23 were accepted for final presentation to form the core of the technical program. Sixteen submissions were accepted as work-in-progress for poster sessions. Our TPC co-chairs collected over 300 reviews for the received submissions from reviewers from all parts of the world. Seventy-six of the paper authors come from Europe, 24 from North America, and 30 from Asia. Of the accepted papers and posters, 70 percent come from academia and 30 percent from industry. We thank Stefan Dietzel for doing an excellent job as a publication chair and for providing a lot of help with the organization. Volunteers from University of Twente helped with many of the local arrangements. We also would like to thank Henning Schulzrinne for helping to produce the proceedings. The staff of IEEE, in particular Bruce Worthman and Alicia Zupeck, helped with handling the finances and with making logistics arrangements. We would like to thank them for their support. The organizing committee would like to acknowledge the generous financial support from Toyota InfoTechnology Center that helped us to keep the registration fees at a reasonable rate. We also thank the University of Twente for supporting IEEE VNC 2011 financially. Last but not least, we would like to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the IEEE Communications Society and IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society for their joint sponsorship of the conference. We hope that all attendees will enjoy the scientific and social program, as well as the beautiful and lively city of Amsterdam. Welcome to IEEE VNC 2011! Onur Altintas, Wai Chen, and Geert Heijenk VNC 2011 General Chairs

Proc. on the 18th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications

Proc. on the 24th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems

Location based services are commonly used by several mobile applications and services, to provide content related to the area in which the user is located. This enables services such as navigation, particularly useful for vehicular applications, though possibly exposing private information about the user, which has to explicitly grant the location permission. However, smartphone have also many other sensors off the shelf, which currently do not require any permission to be used, and may be leveraged to track the users movements, hence the location, thus raising potentially serious privacy issues. In this paper we present a study which shows that by analyzing data obtained through the accelerometer and the magnetometer, it is possible to achieve less than 50 meters of localization accuracy even for long journeys, and 95% of accuracy on the road identification.