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Among the most important success criteria for a business-to-consumer corporation is convincing its clients to buy its products. Most consumers base their purchasing decisions on their knowledge, whether it be cognitive, emotional, tacit, or explicit information. To decide any purchasing decisions at the consumer level, a corporation must first understand the degree of information and how the knowledge dynamic acts in the customer's head while making a purchasing decision. The corporation provides certain information about its products and services, which the consumer understands. Based on this information and the customer's internal profile, which is defined by his cognitive and emotional understanding, the consumer forms an opinion about the product and makes a purchasing choice. This encounter generates product knowledge, which, when combined with additional stimuli from the firm, might lead to a repeat purchasing transaction or not. Some conditions and acts can have a significant impact on consumer behaviors, such as: 1) Promotional strategies, 2) economic circumstances, 3) One's purchasing power. Marketers are usually extremely familiar with explicit measures. They are straightforward, quick, and simple to implement. For example, they might take the form of paper and pencil surveys in which customers are questioned about how much they appreciate a certain brand, how favorably they perceive it, or if they recall seeing an advertisement for that brand. Implicit measurements are far less straightforward, attempting to quantify instinctive judgments that underpin our attitudes and beliefs. Implicit measurements, for the most part, are based on real observable behavior, such as response times in a programmed activity.

Small-scale industries have been identified as an economic growth engine that contributes to the equitable development of both rural and urban regions. The Small-Scale industries sector is a critical component of the Indian economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. These small-scale industries have inherent benefits such as low capital intensity, strong employment generating capability, geographically balanced development, and equitable wealth and income distribution. The current article was written with the primary goal of investigating the profile of Small-Scale Industries in India and analyzing the contribution of Small-Scale industries to the Indian economy. The data for the study were gathered from several published papers by the Government of India. According to the data, Small Scale industries make a major contribution to the Indian GDP.

The aims of this research were to assess the incidence of dsRNA viruses in five different plant pathogenic fungi, including Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, Dothistroma septosporum, Leptosphaeria species (Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa) and Pyrenopeziza brassicae, as their incidence has not been reported previously in these species, and then to investigate the effects of mycoviruses on the growth and pathogenicity of the fungi. Hence, 57 L. maculans and 16 L. biglobosa isolates were screened and 11 L. biglobosa isolates possessed dsRNA elements while only one of the 45 D. septosporum isolates was found to contain a mycovirus subsequently identified as a chrysovirus. In contrast, none of the 162 H. fraxineus and 10 Pyrenopeziza brassicae isolates appeared to contain dsRNA elements. Further research was carried out on L. biglobosa because of the excellent recovery of dsRNA elements and the fact that it is also responsible for causing phoma stem canker which is an economically important disease of oilseed rape worldwide. However, not only L. biglobosa but also the more damaging L. maculans causes phoma stem canker. They are closely related and co-existing plant pathogens. Mycoviruses are a specific group of viruses that infect and replicate in fungi. They can be associated with hypovirulence or hypervirulence but are normally cryptic. Three different mycoviral dsRNAs were identified from L. biglobosa isolate C-Rox 12.8.1, ranging in size from ca. 4.0-4.9 kbp. Sequence analysis of LbMV-1 dsRNAs 1 and 2 revealed that they are most closely related to members of the family Totiviridae. However, attempts to characterise LbMV-1 dsRNA 3 failed. On the other hand, four mycoviral dsRNAs were identified from D. septosporum isolate D 752.1, ranging in size from ca. 2.8-3.5 kbp. Molecular characterisation of DsCV-1 showed that it is very similar to the chrysoviruses. To obtain information on the effects of dsRNAs on their host, cycloheximide treatment was used to eradicate dsRNA elements from L. biglobosa isolate W10. Subsequently, comparative growth experiments to assess radial growth and mycelial weight for virus-infected and virus-free W10 isolates were performed. These experiments showed that the LbMV-1 infection increased the growth of the fungus. To investigate the influence of mycoviruses on the pathogenicity of L. biglobosa, pathogenicity tests were performed using isogenic lines of the W10 isolate inoculated onto oilseed rape cotyledons and disease symptoms were analysed at different time periods; mycoviruses were found to increase fungal pathogenicity. In addition to this, effects of pre-treatment of B. napus leaves with conidia of virus-infected or virus-free L. biglobosa on infection by conidia of L. maculans and development of disease (phoma leaf spot) were studied in a controlled-environment conditions. Pre-treatment of first true leaves with virus-infected L. biglobosa decreased the phoma leaf spot lesion area on second true leaves (systemic effect) as compared to pre-treatment with virus-free L. biglobosa.