691 results on '"Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome"'
Search Results
2. Hedgehogs as Amplifying Hosts of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus, China
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Chaoyue, Zhao, Xing, Zhang, Xiaoxi, Si, Ling, Ye, Kevin, Lawrence, Yajun, Lu, Chunhong, Du, Haidong, Xu, Qian, Yang, Qianfeng, Xia, Guoxiang, Yu, Wei, Xu, Fei, Yuan, Junfeng, Hao, Jia-Fu, Jiang, and Aihua, Zheng
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Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Ticks ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Hedgehogs ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Epidemiology ,Animals ,Phylogeny - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tickborne bandavirus mainly transmitted by Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks in East Asia, mostly in rural areas. As of April 2022, the amplifying host involved in the natural transmission of SFTSV remained unidentified. Our epidemiologic field survey conducted in endemic areas in China showed that hedgehogs were widely distributed, had heavy tick infestations, and had high SFTSV seroprevalence and RNA prevalence. After experimental infection of Erinaceus amurensis and Atelerix albiventris hedgehogs with SFTSV, we detected robust but transitory viremias that lasted for 9-11 days. We completed the SFTSV transmission cycle between hedgehogs and nymph and adult H. longicornis ticks under laboratory conditions with 100% efficiency. Furthermore, naive H. longicornis ticks could be infected by SFTSV-positive ticks co-feeding on naive hedgehogs; we confirmed transstadial transmission of SFTSV. Our study suggests that the hedgehogs are a notable wildlife amplifying host of SFTSV in China.
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- 2022
3. Fatal patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China
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Jing Zhao, Hong-Han Ge, Gang Wang, Lei Lin, Yang Yuan, Yan-Li Xu, Yuan-Ni Liu, Qing-Bin Lu, Xiao-Ai Zhang, Ning Cui, Chun Yuan, Jian-Xiong Li, Ling Lin, Hao Li, and Wei Liu
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Male ,Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Alanine Transaminase ,General Medicine ,Glucose ,Infectious Diseases ,Humans ,Female ,Lactate Dehydrogenases ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease with a high case fatality rate. Key gaps remained as to the assessment of the clinical picture in fatal cases.A retrospective study was performed on 496 patients with fatal SFTS. The dynamic pattern of clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators were delineated.The mean age of the fatal cases was 69.0 years (standard deviation: 9.3), and 52.8% were male. The median clinical course from disease onset to death was 11 (interquartile range: 10-13) days. A total of 11 laboratory indicators (neutrophil %, platelet, aspartate aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, cystatin C, D-dimer, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, glucose) persistently deviated from normality across hospitalization. The critical time points when the rapid worsening of the indicators was at 6-9 days after disease onset. Alanine transaminase, AST, lactate dehydrogenase, total bile acid, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and glucose were all elevated to a more pronounced level in fatal cases of those aged ≤70 years.The fatal outcome was developed in rather a short course after the disease onset of SFTS. High vigilance should be put on the key time points when the severe worsening and severe complications occur.
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- 2022
4. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus RNA in Ticks from Wild Mongooses in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
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Yumani, Kuba, Yasuhito, Azama, Hisako, Kyan, Yoshimune, Fukuchi, Noriyuki, Maeshiro, Tetsuya, Kakita, Masato, Miyahira, Tsuyoshi, Kudeken, and Minoru, Nidaira
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Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Ixodes ,Ixodidae ,Japan ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Herpestidae ,Animals ,RNA ,General Medicine ,Bunyaviridae Infections - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV has a wide spectrum of animal hosts and is considered to circulate in an enzootic tick-vertebrate-tick cycle. A previous seroepidemiological study showed the presence of anti-SFTSV antibodies in wild mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) and indicated that outdoor activity was associated with an increased risk of tick bites among Okinawa residents. However, the association of SFTSV with wild mongooses and ticks remains unclear. To understand the association between ticks and mongooses with respect to the SFTSV enzootic cycle, we investigated the presence of SFTSV RNA in ticks collected from wild mongooses on the Okinawa Island. A total of 638 ticks belonging to 2 genera and 3 species (Haemaphysalis hystricis, Haemaphysalis formosensis, and Ixodes granulatus) were collected from 22 wild mongooses from 2016 to 2021. SFTSV RNA was detected in two pools of H. hystricis larvae collected from a wild mongoose in the central area of the main island of Okinawa in 2017. Although the prevalence of SFTSV in ticks from wild mongooses is low, endemic circulation of the virus in Okinawa should be carefully monitored to prevent future infections.
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- 2022
5. Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Data Related to the Prognosis of Korean Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Patients: A Single-Center Study
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Mutbyul Kim, Kyung-Wook Hong, Seung Chan Kim, Rock Bum Kim, and Min-Chul Cho
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Phlebovirus ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Virology ,Republic of Korea ,Animals ,Prognosis ,Thrombocytopenia ,Microbiology ,Retrospective Studies - Published
- 2022
6. Effects of corticosteroid treatment in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A single-center retrospective cohort study
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Leiqun Xiong, Ling Xu, Xiaoying Lv, and Xin Zheng
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Cohort Studies ,Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Fever ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Coinfection ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Thrombocytopenia ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
To evaluate the effect and safety of corticosteroid (CS) treatment in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS).Patients with and without CS were retrospectively compared by Cox regression and 1:1 propensity score matching analysis to evaluate the effects of CS on mortality and secondary infections in patients with SFTS.A total of 467 patients with SFTS were enrolled in the cohort study, there were 52 fatal cases and 415 nonfatal cases, the overall fatality rate was 11.1%. The mortality was observed in 36/144 (25%) and 16/323 (5%) patients in the CS-treated and non-CS-treated groups, respectively (P0.001). Multi variate Cox regression analysis showed that the difference was not statistically significant for CS treatment in fatality (P0.05, aHR 0.767, 95% CI 0.360-1.634). Difference in survival time between the CS-treated and non-CS-treated groups after propensity score matching had no statistical significance (Log-rank test P = 0.390), whereas there was a significant difference in secondary infections between the CS-treated and non-CS-treated groups (P = 0.007).Although the CS treatment had no impact on fatality in patients with SFTS, it increased the risk of secondary infections. Administration of CS in patients with SFTS should be carefully considered and evaluated the balance between therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects.
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- 2022
7. The role of selenium in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: an integrative analysis of surveillance data and clinical data
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Tian-Le, Che, Xin-Lou, Li, Jian-Bo, Tian, Gang, Wang, Xue-Fang, Peng, Hai-Yang, Zhang, Jia-Hao, Chen, Ying, Zhu, Wen-Hui, Zhang, Tao, Wang, Bao-Cheng, Liu, Qiang, Xu, Chen-Long, Lv, Bao-Gui, Jiang, Zhong-Jie, Li, Li-Qun, Fang, and Wei, Liu
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Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,Selenium ,Infectious Diseases ,Fever ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Thrombocytopenia - Abstract
Selenium deficiency can be associated with increased susceptibility to some viral infections and even more severe diseases. In this study, we aimed to examine whether this association applies to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS).An observational study was conducted based on the data of 13,305 human SFTS cases reported in mainland China from 2010 to 2020. The associations among incidence, case fatality rate of SFTS, and crop selenium concentration at the county level were explored. The selenium level in a cohort of patients with SFTS was tested, and its relationship with clinical outcomes was evaluated.The association between selenium-deficient crops and the incidence rate of SFTS was confirmed by multivariate Poisson analysis, with an estimated incidence rate ratio (IRR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 4.549 (4.215-4.916) for moderate selenium-deficient counties and 16.002 (14.706-17.431) for severe selenium-deficient counties. In addition, a higher mortality rate was also observed in severe selenium-deficient counties with an IRR of 1.409 (95% CI: 1.061-1.909). A clinical study on 120 patients with SFTS showed an association between serum selenium deficiency and severe SFTS (odds ratio, OR: 2.94; 95% CI: 1.00-8.67) or fatal SFTS (OR: 7.55; 95% CI: 1.14-50.16).Selenium deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to SFTS and poor clinical outcomes.
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- 2022
8. Accuracy of reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification in diagnosing severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
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Wen Tian, Xingxiang Ren, Xu Gao, Yuanyuan Zhang, Zhihai Chen, and Wei Zhang
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Infectious Diseases ,Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Nucleic Acids ,Virology ,Humans ,Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ,Sensitivity and Specificity - Abstract
Nucleic acid molecular diagnostic technology plays an important role in the detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). However, no relevant reports have been published on the accuracy of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) in the diagnosis of SFTS. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the accuracy of the two methods. On June 19, 2022, we comprehensively searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scoups, Ovid, Proquest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wan Fang Data, Traditional Chinese Medicine Database (Sinomed), VIP Database, and Reading Showing Database for articles on nucleic acid diagnostic techniques, such as RT-PCR and RT-LAMP, used to diagnose SFTS. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4. Sixteen articles involving 2942 clinical blood samples were included in the analysis. RT-PCR and RT-LAMP were used as index tests, whereas RT-PCR or other detection methods were used as reference standards. The pooled values for the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios of the RT-PCR test were 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-0.99), 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98-1.00), 483.87 (95% CI: 58.04-4033.76), and 0.03 (95% CI:0.01-0.08), respectively. Those for the RT-LAMP test were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.97), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.93-1.00), 111.18 (95% CI: 13.96-885.27), and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03-0.09), respectively. Both RT-PCR and RT-LAMP have high diagnostic value in SFTS and can be applied in different scenarios for laboratory confirmation or on-site screening.
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- 2022
9. Clinical features and epidemiology of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in dogs in the Republic of Korea: an observational study (2019–2020)
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Sun-Woo Han, Ye-In Oh, Ji-Min Rim, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Dong-Hoo Kim, Jun-Gu Kang, Kyoung-Seong Choi, and Joon-Seok Chae
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Phlebovirus ,Dogs ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,General Veterinary ,Republic of Korea ,Humans ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,General Medicine ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Thrombocytopenia ,Phylogeny - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a zoonotic disease with a high mortality rate for humans and cats. The clinical course and prognosis of SFTS in dogs remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SFTS virus (SFTSV) infection in dogs. All evaluated dogs exhibited an acute course and symptoms including fever (57.1%), anorexia (57.1%), depression (42.9%), and vomiting (35.7%). Thrombocytopenia was present in 45.5% of dogs, while jaundice was not observed. C-reactive protein, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated in some cases. Viral clearance occurred within 6 to 26 days. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the SFTSV sequences were consistent with viruses circulating in the Republic of Korea. As dogs often live in close contact with humans, awareness of the clinical and epidemiological features of SFTS in dogs is crucial. Further large-scale studies are necessary to investigate SFTSV infection in dogs.
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- 2022
10. Laparoscopic resection of a solitary fibrous tumor in the mesentery of the small intestine: a case report
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Yuji Takayama, Konosuke Moritani, Sono Ito, Jun Imaizumi, Manabu Inoue, Yasuyuki Takamizawa, Shunsuke Tsukamoto, Yukihide Kanemitsu, and Shigeki Sekine
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Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Solitary Fibrous Tumors ,Intestine, Small ,Gastroenterology ,Humans ,Female ,Laparoscopy ,Mesentery ,General Medicine ,Aged - Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that are usually localized in the mesothelium of soft tissues. Although SFTs of pleural origin are common, SFTs arising in the small intestine are extremely rare, and there are few reports of laparoscopic resection of these tumors. A 74-year-old woman presented to her local physician with intermittent pain in the lower abdomen. Computed tomography showed a 25 mm mass in the ileum with extramural protrusion and small intestine capsule endoscopy showed a submucosal tumor-like elevation covered by normal mucosa. The diagnosis was ileal tumor, which was removed by laparoscopic partial resection of the small intestine. Macroscopically, the tumor was found to be a substantial mass within subplasmalemmal fatty tissue that had no continuity with the muscular layer. Histological analysis showed proliferation of homogeneous spindle-shaped cells against a background of fibrous stroma. Immunostaining was positive for STAT6 and negative for KIT, Dog1, and S100, and SFT was diagnosed. The tumor was low risk according to Demicco's risk classification. In conclusion, a less invasive laparoscopic procedure is preferable if the tumor can be resected completely without applying excessive external force that results in seeding of tumor cells in the abdominal cavity.
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- 2022
11. Scoring Model for Predicting the Occurrence of Severe Illness in Hospitalized Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
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Xuemin, Wei, Lirui, Tu, Ling, Qiu, Mengting, Chen, Yao, Wang, Mengyu, Du, Haopeng, Kan, Qing, Dong, Xiaoying, Xu, Haowen, Yuan, Li, Zhao, and Hongling, Wen
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Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Area Under Curve ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Thrombocytopenia - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever with high mortality. Severe cases progressed rapidly, with deaths occurring within 2 weeks. Therefore, constructing a model to predict disease progression among hospitalized patients plays an important role in clinical practice. The development cohort included 121 patients with SFTS, 25 with severe SFTS, and 96 with mild SFTS. Two of the 64 variables were independent risk factors, including neurological symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 12.915; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.342-49.916; P0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase levels (OR, 1.891; 95% CI, 1.272-2.813; P = 0.002). The model's area under the curve (AUC) was 0.882 (95% CI: 0.808-0.956). The mean AUC value obtained from the internal validation was 0.883 (95% CI: 0.809-0.957). The AUC in the external validation cohort was 0.873 (95% CI: 0.775-0.972). This model can be used to identify severely ill patients as early as possible with high predictive value, stability, and repeatability. This model can help clinicians with their treatment plans.
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- 2022
12. A Patient with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) Infected from a Sick Dog with SFTS Virus Infection
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Hiroaki, Oshima, Hironobu, Okumura, Ken, Maeda, Keita, Ishijima, Tomoki, Yoshikawa, Takeshi, Kurosu, Shuetsu, Fukushi, Masayuki, Shimojima, and Masayuki, Saijo
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Male ,Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Orthobunyavirus ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,General Medicine ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Thrombocytopenia ,Dogs ,Ticks ,Infectious Diseases ,Tick-Borne Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Animals ,Humans - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) caused by Dabie bandavirus (formerly SFTS virus, SFTSV), which belongs to the Bandavirus genus (formerly Phlebovirus genus) of the Phenuiviridae family (formerly Bunyaviridae family), is a tick-borne novel bunyavirus infection with high rates of mortality. SFTSV infection was diagnosed virologically in a 4-year-old dog with symptoms of lethargy and anorexia in western Japan in June 2017. The dog's owner, a man in his 40s, had taken care of the sick dog and became sick 10 days after disease onset in the dog, showing symptoms, such as fever, arthralgia, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Total blood cell counts revealed leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia. He was treated as an outpatient. He had no scars suggesting that he had not been bitten by ticks. He was diagnosed as having SFTS via the detection of IgM and neutralizing antibodies to SFTSV. The patient was directly infected with SFTSV from the SFTSV-infected dog. In conclusion, humans can be at a risk of SFTSV infection through direct contact with sick dogs infected with SFTSV.
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- 2022
13. High levels of C‐reactive protein‐to‐albumin ratio (CAR) are associated with a poor prognosis in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in early stage
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Zishuai Liu, Rongling Zhang, Wei Zhou, Ruize Ma, Leqiang Han, Zhe Zhao, Ziruo Ge, Xingxiang Ren, Wei Zhang, Aijun Sun, and Zhihai Chen
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Male ,C-Reactive Protein ,Infectious Diseases ,ROC Curve ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Albumins ,Virology ,Humans ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) can be used to assess the prognosis of various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CAR on the prognosis of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). This study included 155 SFTS patients from the Public Health Clinical Center of Dalian from January to December 2021. They were divided into survival and deceased groups based on the clinical prognosis. The independent risk factors for poor prognosis of SFTS patients at an early stage were determined by Cox regression. The efficacy of CAR prediction was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A total of 155 patients were included in this study, with an average age of 61.98± 11.70 years, including 77 males and 65 females. The mortality rate of the patients enrolled in this study was 14.19%. Multivariate Cox regression indicated that CAR (hazard ratio = 2.585, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.405-4.753, p = 0.002) could be an independent predictor for prognosis in SFTS patients at an early stage. CAR had an AUC of 0.781 (95% CI, 0.665-0.898, p = 0.000), a cutoff value of 0.57, a sensitivity of 0.77, and a specificity of 0.80, with better predictive efficacy, compared to neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). High levels of CAR are associated with poor prognosis in SFTS patients, and CAR can be used as an independent predictor for SFTS patients.
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- 2022
14. Applying space‐for‐time substitution to infer the growth response to climate may lead to overestimation of tree maladaptation: Evidence from the North American White Spruce Network
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Fang Wu, Yuan Jiang, Shoudong Zhao, Yan Wen, Wenqing Li, and Muyi Kang
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Global and Planetary Change ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Ecology ,Climate Change ,Temperature ,Environmental Chemistry ,Picea ,Trees ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Under climate change circumstances, increasing studies have reported the temporal instability of tree growth responses to climate, which poses a major challenge to linearly extrapolating past climate and future growth dynamics using tree-ring data. Space-for-time substitution (SFTS) is a potential solution to this problem that is widely used in the dendrochronology field to project past or future temporal growth response trajectories from contemporary spatial patterns. However, the projected accuracy of the SFTS in the climate effects on tree growth remains uncertain. Here, we empirically test the SFTS method by comparing the effect of spatial and temporal climate variations on climate responses of white spruce (Picea glauca), which has a transcontinental range in North America. We first applied a response surface regression model to capture the variations in growth responses along the spatial climate gradients. The results showed that the relationships between growth and June temperature varied along spatial climate gradients in a predictable way. And their relationships varied mainly along with local temperate condition. Then, the projected correlation coefficients between growth and climate using SFTS were compared against the observed. We found that the growth response changes caused by spatial versus temporal climate variations showed opposite trends. Moreover, the projected correlation coefficients using the SFTS were significantly lower than the observed. This finding suggests that applying the SFTS to project the growth response of white spruce might lead to an overestimation of the degree of tree maladaptation in future climate scenarios. And the overestimation is likely to get weaker from Alaska and Yukon Territory in the west to Quebec in the east. Although this is only a case study of the SFTS method for projecting tree growth response, our findings suggest that direct application of the SFTS method may not be applicable to all regions and all tree species.
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- 2022
15. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection, Thailand, 2019–2020
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Patthaya, Rattanakomol, Sarawut, Khongwichit, Piyada, Linsuwanon, Keun Hwa, Lee, Sompong, Vongpunsawad, and Yong, Poovorawan
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Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Ticks ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Epidemiology ,Animals ,Humans ,Thailand - Abstract
Infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus, which can cause hemorrhagic febrile illness, is often transmitted by ticks. We identified 3 patients with SFTS in or near Bangkok, Thailand. Our results underscore a need for heightened awareness by clinicians of possible SFTS virus, even in urban centers.
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- 2022
16. Acute Myocarditis with Severe Fever and Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
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Shota, Okutsu, Makito, Futami, Tadaaki, Arimura, Kosuke, Ohki, Tetsuya, Hiyoshi, Eishi, Sakihara, Yoshifumi, Kato, Yoko, Ueda, Masaya, Yano, Morishige, Takeshita, Hiroyasu, Ishikura, Tadaki, Suzuki, Seiya, Kato, Shin-Ichiro, Miura, and Shigeki, Nabeshima
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Male ,Phlebovirus ,Myocarditis ,Fever ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Leukopenia ,General Medicine ,Thrombocytopenia ,Aged - Abstract
A 67-year-old man, hospitalized with fever and pancytopenia, experienced cardiogenic shock on the 3rd day of hospitalization. He complained of chest pain and exhibited cardiac dysfunction, upregulated serum troponin levels, and an ST elevation on electrocardiogram. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) was suspected based on the symptom course after a tick bite and was definitively diagnosed using the serum polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. An endomyocardial biopsy performed in the convalescent phase revealed a sign of myocardial inflammation with increases in CD3- and CD68-positive cells. We herein report the first case of acute myocarditis complicated with SFTS.
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- 2022
17. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, a Viral Hemorrhagic Fever, Endemic to Japan: Achievements in and Directions for Medical Research
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Masayuki, Saijo
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Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Biomedical Research ,Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral ,Orthobunyavirus ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,General Medicine ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Dogs ,Ticks ,Infectious Diseases ,Japan ,Cats ,Animals ,Humans - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a novel infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus and with a high case fatality rate (CFR), was reported by Chinese scientists in 2011. The causative virus, Dabie bandavirus also known as the SFTS virus (SFTSV), belongs to the genus Bandavirus (formerly named Phlebovirus) of the family Phenuiviridae (formerly named Bunyaviridae). SFTS was also reported to be endemic in South Korea and Japan in 2013. SFTSV circulates between some species of ticks and animals in nature. Humans are infected with SFTSV through bites from ticks such as Haemaphysalis longicornis and Amblyomma testidinarium. Domesticated animals, such as cats and dogs, are also infected with SFTSV and shown SFTS-like symptoms with a high CFR, likely having been infected through tick bites in the living environment. Furthermore, there have been cases of patients with SFTS who were infected with SFTSV through close contact with sick cats or dogs. The CFR in patients with SFTS is approximately 30% in Japan. There is always a risk of SFTSV infection in human populations living in endemic areas. Therefore, the development of specific therapies and vaccines is urgently needed to reduce the number of fatal SFTS cases.
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- 2022
18. Seasonal activity of Haemaphysalis longicornis and Haemaphysalis flava (Acari: Ixodida), vectors of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus, and their SFTS virus harboring rates in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
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Hong Geun Kim, Minhyung Jung, and Doo-Hyung Lee
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Nymph ,Phlebovirus ,Ticks ,Ixodidae ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Ecology ,Larva ,Insect Science ,Animals ,Seasons ,General Medicine - Abstract
Seasonal activity of ticks, including disease vectors of fatal severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus, was monitored using CO
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- 2022
19. Rapid inactivation of Dabie bandavirus (SFTSV) by irradiation with deep‐ultraviolet light‐emitting diode
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Chiho Kaneko, Akatsuki Saito, Hiroko Inagaki, Hironobu Sugiyama, Eugene Mazimpaka, Shouichi Fujimoto, and Tamaki Okabayashi
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Phlebovirus ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Ultraviolet Rays ,Virology ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,Animals ,Humans ,RNA Viruses ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Vero Cells - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) caused by Dabie bandavirus (SFTSV) is a serious public health concern in endemic areas, particularly in Asian and Southeast Asian countries. SFTSV is transmitted by direct contact with body fluids from infected humans and animals. Therefore, environmental hygiene in hospitals and veterinary clinics in SFTSV-endemic areas is highly important. This study assessed the effects of continuous and intermittent irradiation with deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diode (DUV-LED) on SFTSV. Evaluation was performed by conducting plaque assay in which SFTSV irradiated with deep-ultraviolet (DUV; 280 ± 5 nm) was inoculated onto Vero cells. The results showed that continuous and intermittent irradiation for 5 s, resulting in 18.75 mJ/cm
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- 2022
20. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Ticks in the Republic of Korea
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Jun-Gu Kang, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Young-Sun Jo, Sun-Woo Han, Jeong-Byoung Chae, Jung-Eun Park, Hyesung Jeong, Weon-Hwa Jheong, and Joon-Seok Chae
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Phlebovirus ,Ticks ,Infectious Diseases ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Republic of Korea ,Animals ,Parasitology ,Ecosystem ,Phylogeny - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a zoonotic, tick-borne RNA virus of the genus Bandavirus (Family Phenuiviridae), mainly reported in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea (Korea). For the purpose of this study, a total of 3,898 adult and nymphal ticks of species Haemaphysalis longicornis (94.2%), Haemaphysalis flava (5.0%), Ixodes nipponensis (0.8%), and 1 specimen of Ixodes ovatus, were collected from the Deogyusan National Park, Korea, between April 2016 and June 2018. A single-step reverse transcriptase–nested PCR was performed, targeting the S segment of the SFTSV RNA. Total infection rate (IR) of SFTSV in individual ticks was found to be 6.0%. Based on developmental stages, IR was 5.3% in adults and 6.0% in nymphs. The S segment sequences obtained from PCR were divided into 17 haplotypes. All haplotypes were phylogenetically clustered into clades B-2 and B-3, with 92.7% sequences in B-2 and 7.3% in B-3. These observations indicate that the Korean SFTSV strains were closer to the Japanese than the Chinese strains. Further epidemiological studies are necessary to better understand the characteristics of the Korean SFTSV and its transmission cycle in the ecosystem.
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- 2022
21. Development and Evaluation of Two Double-Antibody Sandwich ELISAs for Detecting Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection
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Xiufang Gong, Jin Zhu, Chenxi Ding, Yaoyao Zhuge, Changjun Wang, and Dan Hu
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Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,medicine.drug_class ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Monoclonal antibody ,Virus ,law.invention ,law ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,biology ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Nucleocapsid Proteins ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Polyclonal antibodies ,Monoclonal ,biology.protein ,Recombinant DNA ,Antibody ,business ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a newly emerging tick-borne virus with a case fatality rate between 12% and 50%. Currently, effective vaccines or antiviral drugs are not available, and a diagnostic method for detecting SFTSV is urgently needed. The monoclonal (MAb) and polyclonal antibodies (PAb) against SFTSV were prepared by immunizing animals with SFTSV nucleocapsid protein (NP), and using both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies as capture antibodies against NP, we developed two different double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISAs) for detecting the NP of SFTSV. Both methods were applicable for the diagnosis of SFTSV-infected patients, as confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity of two assays for diagnosing SFTS were both 100%, and had no reaction to recombinant Dabieshan NP or recombinant Dengue virus NS1 subtype 1 and 2 proteins. In addition, two standard curves were established for quantitative detection of the NP, and the monoclonal antibody-based ELISA (MAb-based ELISA) test had a lower limit of detection than the polyclonal-based ELISA (PAb-based ELISA) test. Therefore, the MAb-based ELISA could be employed for detecting SFTSV in a convenient and effective way.
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- 2022
22. The molecular evolution of Dabie bandavirus (Phenuiviridae: Bandavirus: Dabie bandavirus), the agent of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
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T. E. Sizikova, V. N. Lebedev, and S. V. Borisevich
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Evolution, Molecular ,Phlebovirus ,Infectious Diseases ,Genotype ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Virology ,Humans ,Genome, Viral ,General Medicine ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Phylogeny - Abstract
Since the Dabie bandavirus (DBV; former SFTS virus, SFTSV) was identified, the epidemics of severe fever with thrombocytopenic syndrome (SFTS) caused by this virus have occurred in several countries in East Asia. The rapid increase in incidence indicates that this infectious agent has a pandemic potential and poses an imminent global public health threat.The analysis of molecular evolution of SFTS agent that includes its variants isolated in China, Japan and South Korea was performed in this review. The evolution rate of DBV and the estimated dates of existence of the common ancestor were ascertained, and the possibility of reassortation was demonstrated.The evolutionary rates of DBV genome segments were estimated to be 2.28 × 10-4 nucleotides/site/year for S-segment, 2.42 × 10-4 for M-segment, and 1.19 × 10-4 for L-segment. The positions of positive selection were detected in the viral genome.Phylogenetic analyses showed that virus may be divided into two clades, containing six different genotypes. The structures of phylogenetic trees for S-, M- and L-segments showed that all genotypes originate from the common ancestor.Data of sequence analysis suggest that DBV use several mechanisms to maintain the high level of its genetic diversity. Understanding the phylogenetic factors that determine the virus transmission is important for assessing the epidemiological characteristics of the disease and predicting its possible outbreaks.
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- 2022
23. Rapid Spread of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus by Parthenogenetic Asian Longhorned Ticks
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Xing Zhang, Chaoyue Zhao, Chaoyuan Cheng, Guogang Zhang, Tao Yu, Kevin Lawrence, Hongyue Li, Jimin Sun, Zeyu Yang, Ling Ye, Hongliang Chu, Ying Wang, Xiaohu Han, Yongchao Jia, Shuozhang Fan, Hirotaka Kanuka, Tetsuya Tanaka, Cheryl Jenkins, Kristene Gedye, Shona Chandra, Dana C. Price, Qiyong Liu, Young Ki Choi, Xiangjiang Zhan, Zhibin Zhang, and Aihua Zheng
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Microbiology (medical) ,Phlebovirus ,migratory birds ,China ,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus ,Ixodidae ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Epidemiology ,vector-borne infections ,spread ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,ticks ,Rapid Spread of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus by Parthenogenetic Asian Longhorned Ticks ,Animals ,Phylogeny ,SFTS ,Research ,Asian longhorned ticks ,zoonoses ,Infectious Diseases ,bisexual ticks ,parthenogenetic ticks ,Medicine ,Female ,SFTSV - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is spreading rapidly in Asia. This virus is transmitted by the Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis), which has parthenogenetically and sexually reproducing populations. Parthenogenetic populations were found in ≥15 provinces in China and strongly correlated with the distribution of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases. However, distribution of these cases was poorly correlated with the distribution of populations of bisexual ticks. Phylogeographic analysis suggested that the parthenogenetic population spread much faster than bisexual population because colonization is independent of sexual reproduction. A higher proportion of parthenogenetic ticks was collected from migratory birds captured at an SFTSV-endemic area, implicating the contribution to the long-range movement of these ticks in China. The SFTSV susceptibility of parthenogenetic females was similar to that of bisexual females under laboratory conditions. These results suggest that parthenogenetic Asian longhorned ticks, probably transported by migratory birds, play a major role in the rapid spread of SFTSV.
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- 2022
24. The Diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing: Case Report and Literature Review
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Zhan L, Huang K, Xia W, Chen J, Wang L, Lu J, Wang J, Lin J, and Wu W
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metagenomic next‑generation sequencing ,bunyaviridae virus ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome - Abstract
Liying Zhan,1,* Kai Huang,2,* Wenfang Xia,1 Jingdi Chen,3 Lu Wang,1 Jiaming Lu,4 Jing Wang,4 Jun Lin,2,4 Wei Wu1 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedics, The Airborne Military Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Wu; Jun Lin Email weiwu2012@whu.edu.cn; linjun64@126.comBackground: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by a bunyaviridae virus. Its main clinical manifestation is fever with thrombocytopenia, which may be accompanied by other clinical symptoms. Here, we report a patient diagnosed with SFTS using metagenomic next‑generation sequencing (mNGS).Case Presentation: A 56-year-old female patient was hospitalized with intermittent diarrhea and fever. She visited a local clinic for treatment, but instead of improving, the symptoms progressed to unconsciousness.Diagnosis: Using mNGS, we isolated the bunyaviridae virus and several other pathogens from the patient’s blood samples to confirm the diagnosis.Interventions: The patient was treated with symptomatic and supportive therapy, including intravenous human γ-globulin (20 g/d), platelet transfusion, platelet elevation (subcutaneous injection of recombinant human thrombopoietin, 15,000 IU), white blood cell elevation (subcutaneous injection of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, 200 ug, qd); and antibiotic (cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium, 2 g, q8h), antiviral (ganciclovir, 250 mg, q12h), and antifungal therapy (voriconazole for injection, 0.2 g, q12h). After ten days of treatment, the patient’s condition gradually improved.Conclusion: Compared to traditional detection methods, mNGS has many advantages. It can quickly identify the pathogen when the patient’s clinical manifestations are complex and difficult to diagnose, resulting in the formulation of an effective treatment.Keywords: severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, metagenomic next‑generation sequencing, bunyaviridae virus
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- 2022
25. Risk assessment of infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus based on a 10-year serosurveillance in Yamaguchi Prefecture
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Kango, Tatemoto, Milagros, Virhuez Mendoza, Keita, Ishijima, Yudai, Kuroda, Yusuke, Inoue, Masakatsu, Taira, Ryusei, Kuwata, Ai, Takano, Shigeru, Morikawa, and Hiroshi, Shimoda
- Subjects
Phlebovirus ,Swine Diseases ,Japan ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,General Veterinary ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Swine ,Deer ,Sus scrofa ,Animals ,Risk Assessment ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
In Japan, the first patient with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome was reported in Yamaguchi in 2012. To understand the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection in this region, a retrospective surveillance in sika deer and wild boars in Yamaguchi was conducted using a virus-neutralizing (VN) test. The result revealed that 510 of the 789 sika deer and 199 of the 517 wild boars were positive for anti-SFTSV antibodies. Interestingly, seroprevalence in sika deer increased significantly from 2010-2013 to 2015-2020. The SFTSV gene was detected in one of the 229 serum samples collected from sika deer, but not from wild boars. In conclusion, SFTSV had spread among wild animals before 2012 and expanded gradually around 2013-2015 in Yamaguchi.
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- 2022
26. The Diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing: Case Report and Literature Review
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Liying Zhan, Kai Huang, Wenfang Xia, Jingdi Chen, Lu Wang, Jiaming Lu, Jing Wang, Jun Lin, and Wei Wu
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Pharmacology ,metagenomic next‑generation sequencing ,Infectious Diseases ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Case Report ,bunyaviridae virus ,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome - Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by a bunyaviridae virus. Its main clinical manifestation is fever with thrombocytopenia, which may be accompanied by other clinical symptoms. Here, we report a patient diagnosed with SFTS using metagenomic next‑generation sequencing (mNGS). Case Presentation A 56-year-old female patient was hospitalized with intermittent diarrhea and fever. She visited a local clinic for treatment, but instead of improving, the symptoms progressed to unconsciousness. Diagnosis Using mNGS, we isolated the bunyaviridae virus and several other pathogens from the patient’s blood samples to confirm the diagnosis. Interventions The patient was treated with symptomatic and supportive therapy, including intravenous human γ-globulin (20 g/d), platelet transfusion, platelet elevation (subcutaneous injection of recombinant human thrombopoietin, 15,000 IU), white blood cell elevation (subcutaneous injection of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, 200 ug, qd); and antibiotic (cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium, 2 g, q8h), antiviral (ganciclovir, 250 mg, q12h), and antifungal therapy (voriconazole for injection, 0.2 g, q12h). After ten days of treatment, the patient’s condition gradually improved. Conclusion Compared to traditional detection methods, mNGS has many advantages. It can quickly identify the pathogen when the patient’s clinical manifestations are complex and difficult to diagnose, resulting in the formulation of an effective treatment.
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- 2022
27. Clinical features of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and analysis of risk factors for mortality
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He, Feng, Zheng, Xinxin, and Zhang, Zhaoru
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Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Clinical progression ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Blood Urea Nitrogen ,Infectious Diseases ,Risk Factors ,Fever with thrombocytopenia ,Humans ,Aspartate Aminotransferases ,Mortality ,Prediction ,Research Article ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background To understand the clinical characteristics of and explore the risk factors for mortality in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Methods Data from SFTS patients diagnosed by laboratory examination at Chaohu Hospital affiliated with Anhui Medical University from June 2017 to January 2021 were retrospectively analysed. According to the clinical results, all confirmed patients were divided into the surviving group (80 patients) and non-surviving group (20 patients). The two groups were compared in terms of general characteristics, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory indicators and other aspects. The independent risk factors for mortality in SFTS patients were analysed by multivariate binary logistic regression. Results Univariate analysis showed a significant difference in age and the incidence of consciousness disturbance, respiratory failure, haemorrhagic manifestations, renal dysfunction, shock, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥400 U/L, creatine kinase (CK)≥1000 U/L, creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB) ≥100 U/L, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥1000 U/L, serum creatinine ≥100 mmol/L, blood urea nitrogen ≥7.5 mmol/L and C-reactive protein ≥8 mg/L between the two groups (P Conclusions Consciousness disorder, haemorrhagic manifestations, renal dysfunction, AST ≥ 400 U/L, and LDH ≥ 1000 U/L are independent risk factors for mortality in SFTS patients and merit close attention in clinical treatment to avoid fatal consequences.
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- 2021
28. Experimental infection of dogs with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus: Pathogenicity and potential for intraspecies transmission
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Myeon-Sik Yang, Chae Woong Lim, Jin Young Choi, Seong Kug Eo, Jae-Ku Oem, Jong-Won Kim, Dongseob Tark, Bumseok Kim, Byungkwan Oh, Jun Young Park, Sook-Young Lee, Joon-Seok Chae, and Seok-Chan Park
- Subjects
Phlebovirus ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Azathioprine ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Dogs ,Weight Loss ,Animals ,Medicine ,Dog Diseases ,Feces ,Virulence ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,biology ,business.industry ,Inoculation ,Transmission (medicine) ,SFTS virus ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Virology ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,biology.protein ,RNA, Viral ,Antibody ,business ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is caused by infection with Dabie bandavirus [formerly SFTS virus (SFTSV)] and is an emerging zoonotic disease. Dogs can be infected with SFTSV, but its pathogenicity and transmissibility have not been fully elucidated. In experiment 1, immunocompetent dogs were intramuscularly inoculated with SFTSV. In experiment 2, immunosuppressed dogs (immunosuppressed group; oral azathioprine 5 mg/kg/day for 30 days) were intramuscularly inoculated with SFTSV. Both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent contact dogs were co-housed with the SFTSV-inoculated dogs that had been immunosuppressed. Immunocompetent SFTSV-infected dogs did not show any clinical symptom. However, immunosuppressed SFTSV-infected dogs showed high fever and weight loss without lethality. In all SFTSV-infected dogs, viral RNA could be measured in the serum only after 3 days post infection (DPI) and neutralizing antibodies were detected in the serum beginning 9 DPI. SFTSV shedding in the urine and faeces of some infected dogs occurred between 4 and 6 DPI. The immunocompromised SFTSV-infected dogs showed thrombocytopenia beginning 3 DPI to the end of the experiment (24 DPI). We confirmed SFTSV transmission to one of three immunocompetent co-housed dogs. This dog showed a high fever, weight loss, and shed viral RNA by urine. Viral RNA and neutralizing antibodies were also detected in the serum. These results demonstrated that intramuscular inoculation with SFTSV induced minor clinical symptoms in dogs, and intraspecies SFTSV transmission in dogs can occur by contact.
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- 2021
29. Bunyavirus SFTSV exploits autophagic flux for viral assembly and egress
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Xue-Jie Yu, Li-Na Yan, Chuan-Min Zhou, Jia-Min Yan, Wen-Kang Zhang, and Yong-Jun Jiao
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Phlebovirus ,Orthobunyavirus ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Virus Assembly ,viruses ,Autophagy ,RNA ,Cell Biology ,Golgi apparatus ,Biology ,Exocytosis ,Cell biology ,Nucleoprotein ,symbols.namesake ,Viral life cycle ,Cell culture ,symbols ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Flux (metabolism) - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging negatively stranded enveloped RNA bunyavirus that causes SFTS with a high case fatality rate of up to 30%. Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process involved in the maintenance of host homeostasis, which exhibits anti-viral or pro-viral responses in reaction to different viral challenges. However, the interaction between the bunyavirus SFTSV and the autophagic process is still largely unclear. By establishing various autophagy-deficient cell lines, we found that SFTSV triggered RB1CC1/FIP200-BECN1-ATG5-dependent classical autophagy flux. SFTSV nucleoprotein induced BECN1-dependent autophagy by disrupting the BECN1-BCL2 association. Importantly, SFTSV utilized autophagy for the viral life cycle, which not only assembled in autophagosomes derived from the ERGIC and Golgi complex, but also utilized autophagic vesicles for exocytosis. Taken together, our results suggest a novel virus-autophagy interaction model in which bunyavirus SFTSV induces classical autophagy flux for viral assembly and egress processes, suggesting that autophagy inhibition may be a novel therapy for treating or releasing SFTS.
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- 2021
30. Clinical Usefulness of Nested Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
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Na-Ra Yun, Dong-Min Kim, and Choon Mee Kim
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Male ,Phlebovirus ,China ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Article ,law.invention ,law ,Virology ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Seroconversion ,Phylogeny ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Aged ,biology ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,business.industry ,SFTS virus ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,Infectious Diseases ,Infectious disease (medical specialty) ,biology.protein ,Female ,Parasitology ,Antibody ,business - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease. Few studies have assessed the clinical usefulness of nested reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for diagnosing SFTS. We performed conventional RT-PCR targeting the M segment, nested RT-PCR targeting M and S segments, and real-time RT-PCR targeting the S segment of SFTSV for four patients with suspected SFTS. Although conventional RT-PCR results for the first two patients were negative at admission, nested RT-PCR using the S or M targets was positive for the same samples. Likewise, in the other two patients, initial samples were confirmed positive in all three tests, but follow-up testing demonstrated negative conventional RT-PCR and positive nested RT-PCR results. Thus, delayed testing using conventional RT-PCR or real-time RT-PCR in symptomatic patients with SFTS may result in missed diagnoses, and compared with these methods, nested RT-PCR may increase the window for obtaining positive SFTSV PCR results. Meanwhile, the indirect immunofluorescence assay showed seroconversion to SFTSV antibodies in all four patients. Nested RT-PCR for SFTSV M and S segments could help diagnose SFTS in patients testing negative by conventional RT-PCR.
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- 2021
31. Quantitative assessment on the epidemic characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in China
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Shengyao Jiang, Li Cui, and Mian Khaqan Shah
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Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Epidemiology ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Tick ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Quantitative assessment ,Effective treatment ,biology ,business.industry ,Risk of infection ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Meta-analysis ,Infectious Diseases ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,business ,Biotechnology ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) was first detected in China in 2009. The incidence of SFTS increases year by year, and there is no effective treatment. Considering that the reported prevalence of SFTSV infection varies from region to region, we aimed to quantitatively evaluate the epidemic characteristics of SFTSV infection in China from 2010 to 2020, including the distribution differences in infectious season, sex, age, occupation, and region. A meta-analysis framework was used to search for the related published data with keywords in electronic databases (CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, and PubMed). According to the PRISMA statement, the studies that included SFTS diagnosed in China were analyzed. Furthermore, we used Revman and Stata to merge statistical effects, and used I2 and P-values for heterogeneity test and quality assessment. Eleven studies containing 4,932 cases confirmed by SFTSV infection were included in this meta-analysis. The ratio of male-to-female is 1.04 to 1. Cases were concentrated between 40 and 80 years of age (MD = 92%, 95%CI: 91%–93%). Farmers are at the highest risk of SFTSV infection (MD = 84%, 95%CI: 77%–90%). The risk of infection for consecutive period of April-August was significantly higher than the sum of the remaining months (MD = 82%, 95%CI: 78%–85%). In addition, the patient has an extensive history of exposure, including living in the mountains, exposure to ticks, livestock, mouse and the patient. We came to the conclusion that SFTSV is transmitted primarily through tick bites in China, so middle-aged and older adults living in mountains regions are at the highest risk for SFTSV infection in April through August each year.
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- 2021
32. Solitary fibrous tumor of male breast: A case report and literature review
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Shun Kawaguchi, Keiichi Kinowaki, Nobuko Tamura, Aya Nishikawa, Akio Shibata, Kiyo Tanaka, Yoko Kobayashi, Takuya Ogura, Junichiro Sato, and Hidetaka Kawabata
- Subjects
Male ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Solitary Fibrous Tumors ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Breast ,Aged ,Hemangiopericytoma ,Ultrasonography - Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) are uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms which can arise in any anatomical location. Pleural SFTs have been most frequently documented; however, breast SFT is an exceedingly rare entity and seldom present in male breast, with only 8 previously reported cases. Recently, STAT6 immunostaining was considered to be a definitive marker of SFT, however, no case of the male breast SFT showing STAT6 positivity preoperatively has been reported.We describe a case of breast SFT in a 73-year-old male patient with a 12-month history of a palpable breast mass. The only associated clinical symptom was bilateral gynecomastia. An ultrasound scan examination revealed an oval, well-circumscribed and hypoechoic mass with hypervascularity. A core-needle biopsy was performed, and microscopic examination with immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of SFT. He underwent a complete surgical resection with clear margins, and there were no signs of high cellularity, remarkable mitotic activity, pleomorphism, hemorrhage or necrosis.A perioperative immunohistochemical evaluation for diffuse and intense nuclear expression of STAT6 was helpful to distinguish SFT from myofibroblastoma. We, herein, describe the first case of SFT in a male breast, confirmed by STAT6 immunostaining positivity. We also conducted a literature review of all previous cases of breast SFTs.
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- 2022
33. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of 267 patients having severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome-new epidemiological characteristics of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: Epidemiological characteristics of SFTS
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Yu Dong, Shao-hua Lin, Ling Jiang, and Hui Liu
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Phlebovirus ,China ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Fever ,Platelet Count ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Leukopenia ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Thrombocytopenia - Abstract
To analyze the epidemiological distribution, clinical characteristics, and prognostic risk factors of patients having severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS).We enrolled 790 patients with SFTS divided into the ordinary group and the severe group, analyzed the clinical characteristics, and screened the risk factors of severious patients by univariate logistic regression analysis.Most of the 790 patients (SFTS) are farmers (84.56%). The proportion of patients with fieldwork history was 72.41%, of which 21.27% had a clear history of a tick bite and 98.61% were sporadic cases. The annual peak season is from April to November. 16.33% patients were not accompanied by fever. The incidence of severe thrombocytopenia was 47.59%. They were statistically significant between the 2 groups in indicators such as age, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, bunyavirus nucleic acid load and mean platelet count (P .05). Multivariate non conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of the mild patients deteriorating severe disease were age (OR = 1.985, P ≤ .003), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.702, P ≤ .001), coronary heart disease (OR = 1.381, P ≤ .003), platelet count (OR = 2.592, P ≤ .001), viral nucleic acid loading (OR = 3.908, P ≤ .001).The incidence population and seasonal distribution characteristics of patients with SFTS are obvious. The risk factors for poor prognosis of severe patients are old age, multiple basic medical histories, high viral load, a serious decrease of mean platelet count, and delay of treatment time.
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- 2022
34. Evaluation of a community intervention program on knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Anhui Province, China
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Lei, Gong, Yong, Zhang, Jinsheng, Wang, Yingying, Xiong, Jiling, Wang, Jiabing, Wu, Fang, Chen, Meng, Zhu, Donglin, Cheng, and Xuqin, Jiang
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Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,China ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Humans ,Health Education - Abstract
BackgroundSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a novel infectious disease with no specific therapeutics and vaccines. We hypothesize that health education in vulnerable people would ameliorate their knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding SFTS and reduce its prevalence.MethodsA four-stage cluster cross-section study in sixteen community units was performed. Sixteen groups were allocated to the intervention or control groups. A 6 months education program was administrated. The primary outcome was KAP scores 6 months after intervention. Predictors of KAP score changes were also analyzed.ResultsEight hundred and fifteen valid questionnaires pre-intervention and 767 ones post-intervention were retreated. No significant differences were found in demographic characteristics and KAP scores before intervention. A significant improvement in KAP score (16.8 ± 4.7 vs. 22.0 ± 4.2, p < 0.001) in the intervention group was observed compare with the controls. Educational level and intervention program were the common predictors of KAP score changes.ConclusionsEducation improved KAP scores in SFTS vulnerable people which may contribute to the control of the disease.
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- 2022
35. Increased Risk of Infection with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Virus among Animal Populations on Tsushima Island, Japan, Including an Endangered Species, Tsushima Leopard Cats
- Author
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Aya Matsuu, Kandai Doi, Keita Ishijima, Kango Tatemoto, Yushi Koshida, Ayako Yoshida, Kohei Kiname, Akio Iwashita, Shin-ichi Hayama, and Ken Maeda
- Subjects
Phlebovirus ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Deer ,Endangered Species ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Thrombocytopenia ,Infectious Diseases ,Dogs ,Japan ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Virology ,Cats ,Humans ,Animals ,Panthera ,SFTS ,Tsushima leopard cat ,wildlife ,zoonosis - Abstract
To investigate the seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) among wild and companion animals on Tsushima Island, Japan, SFTS virus (SFTSV)-specific ELISA and virus-neutralizing tests were conducted on 50 wild boars, 71 Sika deer, 84 dogs, 323 domestic cats, and 6 Tsushima leopard cats. In total, 1 wild boar (1.8%), 2 dogs (2.4%), 7 domestic cats (2.2%), and 1 Tsushima leopard cat (16.7%) were positive for anti-SFTSV antibodies. Among the 11 positive animals, 10 were collected after 2019, and all were found on the southern part of the island. SFTSV, thus far, seems to be circulating within a limited area of Tsushima Island. To protect humans and animals, including endangered Tsushima leopard cats, from SFTSV infection, countermeasures are needed to prevent the spread of SFTSV on Tsushima Island.
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- 2022
36. [Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome and Associated Encephalopathy]
- Author
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Toru, Takahashi
- Subjects
Phlebovirus ,Brain Diseases ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Humans ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Thrombocytopenia - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). Approximately 80 patients are infected annually, mainly in western Japan, and the case fatality rate is20%. The clinical presentation of SFTS typically includes fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Localized lymphadenopathy, coagulopathy associated with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, muscular symptoms, and neurological abnormalities referred to as SFTS encephalopathy are often observed. Besides tick-borne spread, SFTSV infection is increasingly being transmitted via SFTS-infected cats. Clinicians should remain mindful of this emerging viral infection.
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- 2022
37. Characteristics of Three Person-to-Person Transmission Clusters of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Southeastern China
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Feng Ling, Jimin Sun, Ying Liu, Jiangping Ren, Jianmin Jiang, Rong Zhang, Xuguang Shi, Mingyong Tao, and Song Guo
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,Male ,China ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Disease onset ,Fever ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Virus transmission ,Young Adult ,Virology ,Case fatality rate ,Humans ,Medicine ,Infection transmission ,Transmission risks and rates ,Close contact ,Fatigue ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Headache ,Articles ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Chills ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,Disease Hotspot ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,Parasitology ,business - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease worldwide. It can be transmitted from person to person, and the fatality rate is very high. During this study, three SFTS clusters including 12 associated cases were identified in three counties in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2020. The median age of the three index patients was 70 years, and that of secondary case patients was 59 years. Of note, the mortality rate of the index patients was 100%. The mortality rate of secondary case patients was 11%. The total secondary attack rate (SAR) was 30% (9/30). The SARs of cluster A, cluster B, and cluster C were 38% (3/8), 21% (3/14), and 38% (3/8), respectively. Additionally, the interval from onset to diagnosis was 4 days. The intervals from disease onset to confirmation of the index cases and secondary cases were 7 days and 4 days, respectively. All secondary case patients had a history of close contact with blood or body fluids of the index patients. These results indicate that SFTS patients should not be discharged until recovery. When SFTS patients die, the corpses should be transferred directly from the hospital to the crematorium for cremation by persons wearing proper protective equipment to prevent virus transmission.
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- 2021
38. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenic Syndrome: Current Epidemiological Situation
- Author
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E. I. Andaev, R. V. Adelshin, and S. V. Balakhonov
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medicine.medical_specialty ,clinical features ,Molecular epidemiology ,biology ,diagnosis ,Epidemiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Disease ,Tick ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,molecular epidemiology ,severe fever with thrombocytopenic syndrome ,natural reservoir ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,Infectious Diseases ,Geography ,BD143-237 ,medicine ,Epistemology. Theory of knowledge ,Natural reservoir ,Haemaphysalis longicornis ,Demography ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus - Abstract
Relevance. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is a viral disease characterized by acute fever, accompanied by progressive thrombocytopenia, leucopenia. The mortality is up to 30%. The disease was first identified in 2009 in rural areas of central China, Hubei and Henan. The causative agent of the disease is a new Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV). The SFTSV is mainly transmitted through tick bites, especially Haemaphysalis longicornis which is the dominant tick species in East Asia.The aim of the review is to analyze relevant information about Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome, including the molecular genetics features of the pathogen, clinical manifestations, geographical distribution, epidemiological features, as well as the possibility of drift and spread of infection in the Russian Federation.Conclusions. SFTS is a serious health threat as it relates to new and re-emerging infections. The further spread of SFTS in China may complicate the epidemiological situation in the country. SFTSV may have a much wider global distribution in Southeast Asia than is currently known. The risk of H. longicornis ticks spreading is predicted in the north-east United States, New Zealand, parts of Australia and several Pacific islands. The presence of the H. longicornis in the Primorsky Territory on the Far East indicates a possible risk of the natural focus formation in the event of the introduction of the pathogen.
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- 2021
39. The associations between fasting blood glucose levels and mortality of SFTS in patients
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Yuanhong Xu, Yu Zhang, Ying Huang, and Yin Zhang
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Blood Glucose ,Phlebovirus ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Elevated level ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Outcomes ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Group comparison ,Positive correlation ,Gastroenterology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Humans ,In patient ,Mortality ,business.industry ,Research ,Significant difference ,Fasting ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,Infectious Diseases ,Correlation analysis ,Fasting blood glucose ,SFTSV ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Objective To identify the correlation between the level of at-admission fasting blood glucose (FBG) with poor outcomes in hospitalized patients suffering from severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Methods Between April 1 and December 1, 2020, the list of hospitalized patients affected with SFTS infection was provided by the Infectious Disease Department at First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, followed by the collection of information I.e., gender, age, diabetic history and the level of FBG on admission. Results In this study, a total of 77 patients were included and were categorized into three groups (r = − 0.28, P = 0.01), however, a linear positive correlation was observed between AST, IL10, D-Dimer, and FDP levels and FBG (P-value P P P = 0.96). With the prolongation of time, the changes of FBG were different between survivor group and non-survivor group. The FBG in survival group shown a downward trend; The non-survivor group shown an upward trend. Conclusions Elevated level of FBG has been correlated with hypercoagulability, inflammation, and lower PLT in SFTS patients. The measurement of FBG level can help in evaluating the inflammatory process, hypercoagulability, and prognosis of patients suffering from SFTS. FBG can predict the prognosis of SFTS. It is necessary to pay attention to the role of FBG in the process of treatment in patients with SFTS.
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- 2021
40. Comparison of RT-PCR, RT-nested PCRs, and real-time PCR for diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a prospective study
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Hye Won Jeong, Uh Jin Kim, Su Jin Lee, Yee Gyung Kwak, Jun-Won Seo, Seong Eun Kim, Choon Mee Kim, Seong Yeon Hwang, Hyun Ah Kim, Da Young Kim, Jian Hur, Jieun Kim, Eu Suk Kim, Sehrish Jalal, Dong-Min Kim, Sun Hee Park, Dong Sik Jung, Seungjin Lim, Sook-In Jung, Na Ra Yun, Sun Hee Lee, Jung Yeon Heo, and Young Keun Kim
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Male ,Phlebovirus ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Molecular biology ,Science ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Gastroenterology ,Virus ,Article ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Symptom onset ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Biological techniques ,medicine.disease ,Reverse transcriptase ,Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,RNA, Viral ,Medicine ,Female ,business ,Nested polymerase chain reaction ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
We designed a highly sensitive reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the M-segment (NPCR-M) of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus. NPCR-M was performed in parallel with three other referenced PCR assays QPCR-S, PCR-M, and NPCR-S to assess their clinical usefulness as routine diagnostic techniques for SFTS. In this multi-centered prospective study, 122 blood samples from 38 laboratory-confirmed SFTS patients and 85 control samples were used. The results demonstrated that QPCR-S and NPCR-S had better sensitivity rate up to 21 days after symptom onset however, the PCR-M showed poor sensitivity after 7 days of symptom onset. Our designed NPCR-M had a higher detection rate up to 40 days from symptom onset and revealed the persistence of SFTSV RNA in the early convalescent phase. No false-positive results were seen for the control samples. Additionally, NPCR-M showed positive results for a sample that initially showed negative results from other PCRs and for many other samples collected in the convalescent phase of SFTS. Our designed nested PCR is suitable for SFTSV detection in patients’ blood collected in the acute and early convalescent phase of SFTS, and shows better sensitivity and high specificity even up to 40 days after symptom onset.
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- 2021
41. Development of functional anti-Gn nanobodies specific for SFTSV based on next-generation sequencing and proteomics
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Binghao Wang, Bilian Huang, Xinyu Li, Yan Guo, Guantong Qi, Yibing Ding, Haidong Gao, Jingzi Zhang, Xilin Wu, and Lei Fang
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Phlebovirus ,Proteomics ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Humans ,COVID-19 ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Single-Domain Antibodies ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an acute infectious disease caused by novel bunyavirus (SFTSV), with a mortality rate of 6.3% ~ 30%. To date, there is no specific treatment for SFTS. Previously, we demonstrated that SFTSV surface glycoprotein (Glycoprotein N, Gn) was a potential target for the development of SFTS vaccine or therapeutic antibodies, and anti-Gn neutralizing antibodies played a protective role in SFTS infection. Compared with traditional antibodies, nanobodies from camelids have various advantages, including small molecular weight, high affinity, low immunogenicity, convenient production by gene engineering, etc. In this study, we combined next-generation sequencing (NGS) with proteomics technology based on affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and bioinformatics analysis to high-throughput screen monoclonal anti-Gn nanobodies from camel immunized with Gn protein. We identified 19 anti-Gn monoclonal nanobody sequences, of which six sequences were selected for recombinant protein expression and purification. Among these six anti-Gn nanobodies, nanobody 57,493 was validated to be highly specific for Gn. The innovative high-throughput technical route developed in this study could also be expanded to the production of nanobodies specific for other viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
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- 2022
42. Successful Surgical Treatment of a Recurrent Pelvic Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Uterine Origin Accompanied by Doege-Potter Syndrome: A Case Report
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Yasunori, Deguchi, Wataru, Komuta, Tomokazu, Watanabe, Kazuho, Saiga, Koki, Kurahashi, Kazuo, Otsuka, Koji, Hirata, Masaki, Mizumoto, Akihiro, Kitaoka, and Masazumi, Zaima
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Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Paraneoplastic Syndromes ,Uterus ,General Medicine ,Kidney ,Actins ,Hypoglycemia ,Congenital Abnormalities ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ,Solitary Fibrous Tumors ,Urogenital Abnormalities ,Humans ,Female ,Kidney Diseases ,Aged - Abstract
BACKGROUND Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT), rare soft-tissue neoplasms, are usually found in the thoracic cavity, and a uterine origin is extremely rare. SFTs with insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) production induce non-islet cell tumor-induced hypoglycemia (NICTH), referred to as Doege-Potter syndrome. CASE REPORT A 70-year-old woman presented with urinary retention, and imaging revealed a huge mass occupying almost the entire pelvic space. She had a history of hysterectomy for leiomyoma of the uterus 7 years earlier. In her present course, she developed hypoglycemia, and NICTH was suspected. Her previous uterine specimen was reexamined, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed the specimen to be CD34-positive and alpha-smooth muscle actin-negative, indicating that the uterine specimen was not leiomyoma but SFT. Therefore, the present pelvic tumor was considered to be a recurrence of SFT with NICTH, namely Doege-Potter syndrome. Surgical resection was performed, and the pathological examination showed the same histologic features as the previous uterine specimen, while IHC revealed the present specimen to be positive for CD34, signal transducers and activator of transcription 6, and IGF-II, consistent with the diagnosis of recurrent SFT with IGF-II production. The patient's hypoglycemia improved after tumor resection. To confirm the IGF-II secretion from the SFT, we conducted immunoblotting of the patient's perioperative serum, with results showing that the strong band of IGF-II in the preoperative serum disappeared after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Because SFTs, especially those with Doege-Potter syndrome, often recur, sometimes with a very long interval, long-term cautious surveillance is required, even after complete tumor resection.
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- 2022
43. Transmission and mortality risk assessment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China: results from 11-years' study
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Qiulan, Chen, Dong, Yang, Yanping, Zhang, Mantong, Zhu, Ning, Chen, and Zainawudong, Yushan
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Phlebovirus ,China ,Infectious Diseases ,Fever ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Risk Assessment - Abstract
Background The transmission and fatal risk of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging infectious disease first discovered in China in 2009, still needed further quantification. This research aimed to analyze the SFTS clusters and assess the transmission and mortality risk for SFTS. Methods Both epidemiological investigation and case reports regarding SFTS clusters in China during 2011–2021 were obtained from the Public Health Emergency Information Management System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The transmission risk was evaluated by using the secondary attack rate (SAR) and relative risk (RR). Mortality risk factors were analyzed using a logistic regression model. Results There were 35 SFTS clusters during 2011–2021 involving 118 patients with a fatality rate of 22.0%. The number of clusters annually increased seasonally from April to September. The clusters mainly occurred in Anhui (16 clusters) and Shandong provinces (8 clusters). The SAR through contact with blood or bloody fluids was much higher than that through contact with non-bloody fluids (50.6% vs 3.0%; χ2 = 210.97, P RR of 16.61 [95% confidence interval (CI): 10.23–26.97]. There was a statistically significant difference in the SAR between exposure to the blood of a deceased person during burial preparation and exposure to the living patients’ blood (66.7% vs 34.5%; χ2 = 6.40, P RR of 1.93 (95% CI: 1.11–3.37). The mortality risk factors were a long interval from onset to diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.385), 95% CI: 1.083–1.772, P = 0.009) and advanced age (OR: 1.095, 95% CI: 1.031–1.163, P = 0.01). Conclusions The SFTS clusters showed a high mortality rate and resulted in a high SAR. Contact with a bleeding corpse was associated with a higher infection risk, compared with contacting the blood from living patients. It is important to promote early detection and appropriate case management of patients with SFTS, as well as improved handling of their corpses, to prevent further transmission and mortality. Graphical abstract
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- 2022
44. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus replicates in brain tissues and damages neurons in newborn mice
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Rui, Chen, Qiang, Li, Hongmei, Chen, Hongguang, Yang, Xuemin, Wei, Mengting, Chen, and Hongling, Wen
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Neurons ,Phlebovirus ,Microbiology (medical) ,Mice ,Animals, Newborn ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Animals ,Brain ,Encephalitis ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Thrombocytopenia ,Microbiology - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne phlebovirus with a high fatality rate of 12–30%, which has an expanding endemic and caused thousands of infections every year. Central nervous system (CNS) manifestations are an important risk factor of SFTS outcome death. Further understanding of the process of how SFTSV invades the brain is critical for developing effective anti-SFTS encephalitis therapeutics. We obeserved changes of viral load in the brain at different time points after intraperitoneal infection of SFTSV in newborn C57/BL6 mice. The virus invaded the brain at 3 h post-infection (hpi). Notably, the viral load increased exponentially after 24 hpi. In addition, it was found that in addition to macrophages, SFTSV infected neurons and replicated in the brain. These findings provide insights into the CNS manifestations of severe SFTS, which may lead to drug development and encephalitis therapeutics.
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- 2022
45. Clinical Differentiation of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome from Japanese Spotted Fever
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Nana Nakada, Kazuko Yamamoto, Moe Tanaka, Hiroki Ashizawa, Masataka Yoshida, Asuka Umemura, Yuichi Fukuda, Shungo Katoh, Makoto Sumiyoshi, Satoshi Mihara, Tsutomu Kobayashi, Yuya Ito, Nobuyuki Ashizawa, Kazuaki Takeda, Shotaro Ide, Naoki Iwanaga, Takahiro Takazono, Masato Tashiro, Takeshi Tanaka, Seiko Nakamichi, Konosuke Morimoto, Koya Ariyoshi, Kouichi Morita, Shintaro Kurihara, Katsunori Yanagihara, Akitsugu Furumoto, Koichi Izumikawa, and Hiroshi Mukae
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Phlebovirus ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Japanese spotted fever ,Leukopenia ,Exanthema ,Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis ,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ,clinical differentiation ,white blood cell ,Infectious Diseases ,Japan ,Virology ,Animals ,Humans ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and Japanese spotted fever (JSF; a spotted fever group rickettsiosis) are tick-borne zoonoses that are becoming a significant public health threat in Japan and East Asia. Strategies for treatment and infection control differ between the two; therefore, initial differential diagnosis is important. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of SFTS and JSF based on symptomology, physical examination, laboratory data, and radiography findings at admission. This retrospective study included patients with SFTS and JSF treated at five hospitals in Nagasaki Prefecture, western Japan, between 2013 and 2020. Data from 23 patients with SFTS and 38 patients with JSF were examined for differentiating factors and were divided by 7:3 into a training cohort and a validation cohort. Decision tree analysis revealed leukopenia (white blood cell [WBC] < 4000/µL) and altered mental status as the best differentiating factors (AUC 1.000) with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Using only physical examination factors, absence of skin rash and altered mental status resulted in the best differentiating factors with AUC 0.871, 71.4% sensitivity, and 90.0% specificity. When treating patients with suspected tick-borne infection, WBC < 4000/µL, absence of skin rash, and altered mental status are very useful to differentiate SFTS from JSF., Viruses, 14(8), art. no. 1807; 2022
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- 2022
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46. Coinfections in hospitalized patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A retrospective study
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Hong‐Han Ge, Gang Wang, Pei‐Jun Guo, Jing Zhao, Shuai Zhang, Yan‐Li Xu, Yuan‐Ni Liu, Xiao‐Lei Ye, Yong‐Xiang Wu, Shuang Li, Ming Yue, Wen‐Juan Ji, Shu‐Ying Geng, Hao Li, Xiao‐Ai Zhang, Zhen‐Dong Yang, Ning Cui, Wei Li, Ling Lin, and Wei Liu
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Phlebovirus ,Infectious Diseases ,Antifungal Agents ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Coinfection ,Virology ,Humans ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne disease with a high case fatality rate. Few studies have been performed on bacterial or fungal coinfections or the effect of antibiotic therapy. A retrospective, observational study was performed to assess the prevalence of bacterial and fungal coinfections in patients hospitalized for SFTSV infection. The most commonly involved microorganisms and the effect of antimicrobial therapy were determined by the site and source of infection. A total of 1201 patients hospitalized with SFTSV infection were included; 359 (29.9%) had microbiologically confirmed infections, comprised of 292 with community-acquired infections (CAIs) and 67 with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Death was independently associated with HAIs, with a more significant effect than that observed for CAIs. For bacterial infections, only those acquired in hospitals were associated with fatal outcomes, while fungal infection, whether acquired in hospital or community, was related to an increased risk of fatal outcomes. The infections in the respiratory tract and bloodstream were associated with a higher risk of death than that in the urinary tract. Both antibiotic and antifungal treatments were associated with improved survival for CAIs, while for HAIs, only antibiotic therapy was related to improved survival, and no effect from antifungal therapy was observed. Early administration of glucocorticoids was associated with an increased risk of HAIs. The study provided novel clinical and epidemiological data and revealed risk factors, such as bacterial coinfections, fungal coinfections, infection sources, and treatment strategies associated with SFTS deaths/survival. This report might be helpful in curing SFTS and reducing fatal SFTS.
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- 2022
47. Epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and its relationship with meteorological factors in Liaoning Province, China
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Zijiang, Wang, Shiting, Yang, Li, Luo, Xiaohao, Guo, Bin, Deng, Zeyu, Zhao, Jia, Rui, Shanshan, Yu, Bin, Zhao, Yifang, Wang, Jingyi, Chen, Yingwei, Sun, Tianmu, Chen, and Xinyu, Feng
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Male ,China ,Infectious Diseases ,Meteorological Concepts ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Incidence ,Temperature ,Humans ,Parasitology - Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), one kind of tick-borne acute infectious disease, is caused by a novel bunyavirus. The relationship between meteorological factors and infectious diseases is a hot topic of current research. Liaoning Province has reported a high incidence of SFTS in recent years. However, the epidemiological characteristics of SFTS and its relationship with meteorological factors in the province remain largely unexplored. Methods Data on reported SFTS cases were collected from 2011 to 2019. Epidemiological characteristics of SFTS were analyzed. Spearman’s correlation test and generalized linear models (GLM) were used to identify the relationship between meteorological factors and the number of SFTS cases. Results From 2011 to 2019, the incidence showed an overall upward trend in Liaoning Province, with the highest incidence in 2019 (0.35/100,000). The incidence was slightly higher in males (55.9%, 438/783), and there were more SFTS patients in the 60–69 age group (31.29%, 245/783). Dalian City and Dandong City had the largest number of cases of SFTS (87.99%, 689/783). The median duration from the date of illness onset to the date of diagnosis was 8 days [interquartile range (IQR): 4–13 days]. Spearman correlation analysis and GLM showed that the number of SFTS cases was positively correlated with monthly average rainfall (rs = 0.750, P β = 0.285, P rs = 0.683, P β = 0.096, P rs = 0.822, P β = 0.154, P rs = 0.810, P β = 0.134, P rs = −0.728, P β = −0.145, P rs = −0.272, P β = −1.048, P Conclusion The annual incidence of SFTS increased year on year in Liaoning Province. Incidence of SFTS was affected by several meteorological factors, including monthly average air pressure, monthly average temperature, and monthly average wind speed. Graphical Abstract
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- 2022
48. Associated microbiota and treatment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome complicated with infections
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Yin Zhang, Ying Huang, and Yuanhong Xu
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Phlebovirus ,Piperacillin ,Tazobactam ,Antifungal Agents ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Coinfection ,Microbiota ,Minocycline ,Pneumonia ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Infectious Diseases ,Virology ,Humans ,Voriconazole ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence and management of co-infections in hospitalized severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) patients. We retrospectively evaluated the microbiological database records of the SFTS patients in the first affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 1, 2018, to December 1, 2021. According to the obtained results, co-infections including pulmonary infection, bloodstream infection, biliary tract infection, urinary tract infection, and abdominal infection were observed in SFTS patients. The incidence rate of fungal infections was found to be high in SFTS patients. Furthermore, we suggest that old age people should be evaluated for the risk of fungal infection. In comparison to the non-infection group, patients in the co-infection group were more likely to get mechanical ventilation, antibacterial treatment, antifungal treatment, and blood product therapy (p 0.001), with a significantly longer length of stay (p 0.05). In SFTS patients, the most prevalent strains were Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Candida, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli. In this investigation, 66.2% (106/160) of patients were given antibiotics, most often Piperacillin/tazobactam or minocycline. 15.6% (25/160) of patients were treated with antifungal drugs: 13.1% (21/160) with voriconazole. Patients with SFTS Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (SAPA) received active antifungal treatment, but the mortality rate was still 23.5% (8/34). Only 6 of the 11 patients with SFTS Associated Candidiasis were treated with antifungal drugs with no mortality. Due to the high frequency of fungal pulmonary infection in SFTS patients, more standardized fungal detection program should be strengthened.
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- 2022
49. Immune escape mechanisms of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus
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Tong, Wang, Ling, Xu, Bin, Zhu, Junzhong, Wang, and Xin, Zheng
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Phlebovirus ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Immunology ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Bunyaviridae Infections ,Immunity, Innate - Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), which is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV), poses a serious threat to global public health, with high fatalities and an increasing prevalence. As effective therapies and prevention strategies are limited, there is an urgent need to elucidate the pathogenesis of SFTS. SFTSV has evolved several mechanisms to escape from host immunity. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms through which SFTSV escapes host immune responses, including the inhibition of innate immunity and evasion of adaptive immunity. Understanding the pathogenesis of SFTS will aid in the development of new strategies for the treatment of this disease.
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- 2022
50. Hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor of the cranial base: a case series and literature review
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Zhouying, Peng, Yumin, Wang, Yaxuan, Wang, Qinxuan, Li, Yan, Fang, Ruohao, Fan, Hua, Zhang, and Weihong, Jiang
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Skull Base ,Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ,Solitary Fibrous Tumors ,Humans ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,Hemangiopericytoma - Abstract
Background Hemangiopericytomas (HPCs) are uncommon soft tissue tumors. HPCs that grow in the cranial base are rare. Therefore, skull-base surgeons tend to overlook this disease. This study aimed to increase the awareness of HPCs by summarizing case data from our institution and related publications. We also aimed to contribute to the number of reported cases for future systematic reviews of HPCs. Methods This study included all patients who underwent surgery for HPC/solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) between August 2015 and August 2019. All surgeries were performed at Xiangya Hospital Central South University. We analyzed clinical characteristics, surgical highlights, treatment modalities, and outcomes. Results We included six patients, aged 32–64 years. Lesions were located in the parapharyngeal space in three patients, pterygopalatine fossa in two, and saddle area in one. All patients underwent nasal endoscopic endonasal surgery. In five patients, tumors involved the internal carotid artery (ICA). The exposure and protection of the ICA during surgery are challenging but critical to complete tumor removal. The 3-year overall survival(OS) rate was 66.7%. Conclusions HPC/SFTs are rare tumors of the cranial base that are prone to recurrence. Cranial base HPC/SFTs are often closely associated with the ICA. To our knowledge, this case series reports the largest number of cases of HPCs associated with the ICA. We believe that there is a strong relationship between patient prognosis and whether the tumor encircles the ICA and whether the tumor is completely resected. To confirm this suggestion, more cases are needed for further analysis.
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- 2022
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