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WOS:000543297100009 For quality printing results that require detail, the smooth paper surface, absorbency, color and gloss are of great importance. Since the desired surface properties cannot be obtained even in well-polished paper, smooth paper surfaces can be obtained by sizing and coating processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different amounts of calcium carbonate, added into the surface coating formulation, on liquid absorbency and printability of paper. Paper coating formulations were created by adding 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% calcium carbonate to an equal amount of cationic starch binder. The obtained coating formulations were applied to the surface of standard pieces of paper with a lab coater. Water absorbency and drop contact angle of all papers (base paper and surface-treated paper) were measured by using the sessile droplet method and then their surface energies were calculated. After the gloss and color changes of the test papers were determined, test prints were applied on their surface with offset printing ink. The effect of surface treatments on the printability characteristics of the paper was examined in detail. It was emphasized that the amount of calcium carbonate used in cationic starch should be optimized with regard to the absorbency and printability of the paper.

Yenidogan, Semiha/0000-0002-1296-2392 WOS:000518368200010 Paper - ink interaction is extremely important in printing. Ideal printing outputs should be achieved with minimal ink consumption. It should not be supposed that visual printing quality will increase as the amount of ink increases. The effects of excessive ink consumption during the printing process on process sustainability, economy and environment should not be ignored. In this study, the effects of ink consumption during the printing process on printing quality parameters were mainly examined. Paper samples were printed with different amounts of ink, and the density and CIE L*a*b* values of the solid ink films were measured. The lightfastness test was applied to determine the resistance of the printed ink films to light, and the changes in their color were examined. Ideal ink amounts to reach ideal color L*a*b* values were determined and the effects of ink amount on the printing quality parameters were highlighted. Then, ink consumption was evaluated in terms of recycling, sustainability, environmental and economic effects, and recommendations were made to reduce the use of ink.

In the packaging sector of the printing industry, different coating applications are tried and investigated in order to increase the surface appearance and performance characteristics of paper and cardboard. The printability, water and ink absorption capacity, frictional resistance, light sensitivity of the visual graphical design that are going to be printed on the packaging papers are some of them. In this study, different types of cardboards that are used as a packaging material were chosen and coated with nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)/PVA at different rates (%). In order to determine effective and economical usage conditions, the coating solutions, at three different concentrations as 3 wt.%, 5 wt. %, 7 wt.%, were prepared. The coating was applied on the test papers, which were at the same weights (350 g/m2) and had different surface properties as matte glossy, bright glossy, American Bristol. NCC/PVA existence on the coated paper surface was confirmed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The impact of the coating, which was prepared at different concentrations, on the packaging materials was studied with respect to thickness, stiffness, water absorbability, contact angle and surface tension.

Offset is defined as a printing technique using a system of two-fluids (ink + dampening solution) that requires a constant monitoring and a balancing system due to the physical-chemical features of the process. Ink and dampening solution on the printing plate surface should not be intergraded during the chemical interaction. Image and non-image areas on the plate surface can be separated from each other only through the interaction of dampening solution and ink. The dampening solution is responsible for the wetting of non-image areas on a printing plate, and are applied to the entire plate. In the wetting process, the amount of the dampening solution on the plate should be at the lowest level. This can be provided only by lowering the surface tension of the dampening solution. Thus, quality printing results, such as edge sharpness, high color intensity and high print gloss are achieved with a small amount of wetting on the printing plate surface. In this study, the wetting of the printing plate surface is investigated under the effects of surface tension of dampening solution and its angle of contact with the printing plate and current studies related to the subject are reviewed and discussed.

Yenidogan, Semiha/0000-0002-1296-2392; WOS:000472622200012 In order to improve the surface characteristics of paper, surface sizing and surface coating are applied to the surface of the paper. Filling the pores on the surface with polymerized substances and flatting the surface are aimed in both operations. Test papers are either left for air-drying or they could be heated in an oven to dry more quickly. Other drying techniques may also affect printing, as well as the optical and physical qualities of the paper. In this study, starch-based sizing and calcium carbonated-starch-based coating operations were applied separately on paper surfaces. Some of the papers were allowed to dry at room temperature, and the others were dried in an oven. When the drying process was completed, paper gloss, water absorption and wettability qualities, as well as the CIE L*a*b* color coordinates of all the papers were evaluated. In the following stage of the study, solid tone printing was applied on the surfaces of the papers - that had been subjected to different drying processes - using cyan colored ink in an IGT C1 printability tester. The effects of air-drying and oven-drying techniques in surface coating and sizing operations on the physical and printability characteristics of the paper were evaluated.

Basım Endüstrisi tehlikeli kimyasalların kullanıldığı, ağır yüklerin taşınmasını gerektiren, elektrik enerjisinin yoğun olduğu, hareketli silindir ve kesici makinelerin kullanıldığı bir iş kolu olduğundan iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından geniş kapsamlı incelenmesi gereken bir sektördür. İnsan sağlığı açısından riskli faaliyetler içeren olumsuz koşullar basım sanayi ve matbaa sektöründe de olması sebebi ile iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin de önemini arttırmaktadır. 26.12.2012 tarihli Resmi Gazetede yayınlanan İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliğine İlişkin İş yeri Tehlike Sınıfları Tebliğindeki Ek-1’e göre tehlikeli iş yeri sınıfında yer almaktadır. Bu durumunda basım sanayi ve matbaa sektöründe iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konusunda geniş bir değerlendirmeyi hak etmekte ve gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu makalede, basım sanayi ve matbaa sektörünün iş sağlığı ve güvenliği bakımından bir değerlendirmesi yapılmış ve yasal zorunluluklar incelenmiştir. Öncelikli olarak basım sanayi ve matbaa sektörünün genel özelliklerine kısaca değinilmiş daha sonra, basım sanayi ve matbaa sektöründeki işler ve riskler, iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıkları çeşitli boyutlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Sektör iş sağlığı ve güvenliği boyutuyla değerlendirilmiştir.

Light fastness, in its broadest sense, is the resistance of colours to fading under the influence of a light source. Light fastness is one of the most important physical, and therefore visual, properties sought in both pigments and in the inks. Artificial and natural light causes most pigments to fade resulting in colour change. The light fastness of inks is important especially in the packaging and advertising industries. The posters and advertisements hung on the billboards used especially in outdoor advertising, printed product packaging and other printed products exposed to sunlight require high degree of light fastness. In this study, light fastness and factors affecting the resistance of the colour to the light were investigated and suggestions were made regarding high light fastness in terms of printability.

In printing, the most important element is to obtain the correct substrate and ink combination. Transparent white and opaque white are used for the lightening of printing inks, but they are also an important component for the mixing of inks. The primary objective of this study was to assess the result of using transparent and opaque white in mineral oil-based offset printing inks on the rheological and printability properties of these inks as well as the ideal mixing ratios in terms of print quality. Transparent and opaque white were added into the standard offset magenta ink variable ratios. Differences in ink viscosity, tack, and flow (rheological) values affect such parameters as adhesion, transferability, and printing stability in these inks. Prints were made on matt-coated papers of the same grammage with these inks, and contact angle, solid ink density, color strength, and print gloss values of these ink films were measured. Color differences () of inks in comparison to the standard ink were...

Introduction: Printing inks oil selection is related to the desired nature of the varnish in the ink production. Petroleum-derived mineral oils and vegetable oils can be used in offset inks. Methods: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on uncoated and coated paper surfaces were investigated in terms of printability. Solid tone test prints were done with offset printing of these inks. Print gloss of the printed samples was measured and a light fastness test was implemented on these samples in order to determine the resistance to fading. Absorption behavior and contact angles of the ink-printed films on the test papers were measured with the sessile water drop method depending on time, and surface energies were calculated. Results: On both paper types, linseed–soybean oil-based vegetable ink gave the highest brightness value. The lowest print gloss results on the paper were obtained from soybean oil-based inks. The lowest color change was recorded with mineral oil-based inks on gloss-coated papers. According to the ink-film–surface relation, when the contact angle is high, surface energy decreases and the absorbency of the ink-film is lower. Conclusions: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on different paper surfaces, and the effect on the quality of printability as well as differences, have been evaluated, taking environmental and health factors into consideration.

A number of thin biocomposites were produced from waste corrugated board pulp with 15% and 30% blending of wool fibers (WF), ceramic fibers (CF), and cotton dust (CD), respectively. The highest sound absorption value was obtained from samples containing 30% wool fibers. Printability of control sheets unfortunately was remarkably damaged. Ceramic fibers improved the thermal stability of control sheets, which was followed by WF and CD. Tensile and burst indexes of samples, however, were greatly reduced. It was furthermore found that CD, CF, and WF additions increased the air permeability values of resultant papers parallel to great reduction on densities.