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ObjectiveThe goal of awake craniotomy in glioma patients is sparing of cognitive function. Previous investigations suggest that patients in the postoperative state may reach their preoperative level regarding domain-based criteria. Data on significant postoperative improvement beyond the preoperative level is sparse. This article examines the prospective neuropsychological assessment of a glioma patient who underwent awake craniotomy and has shown functional improvement exceeding preoperative levels.MethodsA 34-year-old patient with high premorbid cognitive function level who underwent awake craniotomy for left frontal oligodendroglioma was neuropsychologically assessed and took part in a fMRI-examination at 3 different time points.ResultsPreoperative examination revealed severe isolated impairment of working memory, long-term narrative memory in free recall and recognition, and alertness with intact language production and comprehension. After transient global aphasia in the postoperative state, the follow-up examination showed significant improvement in memory and attention exceeding the preoperative level.ConclusionsTumor location is an important factor in terms of surgical procedures. Cognitive impairment is, however, not always associated with a specific location. Mechanical pressure of the tumor might have led to the isolated consolidation deficit which fully recovered after tumor removal. Psychological disorders should be taken into account regarding prodromal symptoms of neurooncological diseases.

Objective: Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is the most common benign tumor of the cerebellopontine angle. The size of the VS varies widely regardless of the patient's age. While patients with a small, not growing VS undergo regular observational MRI examinations (wait and scan), larger rapidly growing [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

Elevated phosphorus loads play an important role in the deterioration of water quality and can subsequently pose a threat to the aquatic organisms in a river or a standing water body. The accurate assessment of total phosphorus (TP) fluxes from a catchment is of high importance to the well-being of the entire river ecosystem. In this study, we assessed the yearly input of TP from the urban areas of the Passaúna catchment in southern Brazil. The catchment drains into the eponymous reservoir, which provides drinking water for more than 800,000 inhabitants of the Curitiba Metropolitan region. The protection of the water quality in the river as well as in the reservoir is of paramount importance, yet high phosphorous inputs have been detected. For adequate protection, the catchment emissions need to be accurately assessed. Initially, the TP concentration in the river sediment was determined in order to assess the relationship between the TP export of the urban areas and the TP stock of the river. It was found that in areas with a higher share of urban land cover and especially in areas with a lack of sewage treatment, the TP concentration in the sediment reached up to 6700 mg/kg. The assessment of the overall TP input from urban areas was based on a regionalized emission-modeling approach, combined with data from long-term water quality monitoring of the river. The monitoring station established upstream of the Passaúna Reservoir inflow provided an initial assessment and the necessary output for the validation and calibration of the model. From the drainage basin of the monitoring station, an overall TP input of 2501 kg/a (0.31 kg/(ha a)) was measured between 1 May 2018 and 1 May 2019 (3508 kg TP/a or 0.23 kg/(ha a) when extrapolating the overall catchment of the Passaúna Reservoir). The monitoring data indicated that the TP input increases during the wet months of the year. The sediment stock of the river also plays an important role in the interannual budget of TP. During the timespan of one year, many deposition–resuspension events happen. The resuspended material is included in the baseflow and hinders the differentiation between urban and nonurban input. After calibration, the model was able to predict the yearly input of TP from the urban areas of the Passaúna catchment. In addition, the share of inhabitants who are not connected to the sewer system was assessed. Overall, the combination of monitoring and modeling in this study offers a valuable overview of the TP dynamics of the system, while the model ensures reproducibility with high accuracy at the same time.

SESAME and a consortium of five Helmholtz Centers are designing and installing a state-of-the-art soft X-Ray undulator beamline at the SESAME light source in Amman, Jordan. Funding is provided by the Helmholtz Association over a four year project cycle that started in January 2019. This is an interim report covering the first 36 months of the project where the construction and installation has been almost completed and commissioning and characterization of the beamline is about to start. Additionally, seminars, workshops, and a training program are part of the project aimed at establishing a broad user community.

Building on the innovative design of the In-Vacuum APPLE IVUE32, a design for a 15mm period cryogenic elliptical undulator (CPMUE15) is proposed. The undulator is to be developed under the ATHENA collaboration. Initially designed to provide a radiator for the SINBAD facility at DESY, a comparison is made for a design to provide an Afterburner device for FLASH1.

The phase shimming of an in-vacuum APPLE II undulator requests a precise slit adjustment between neighbouring magnet rows besides the conventional gap tuning such as in an in-vacuum undulator. In an out-of-vacuum APPLE II, the slit between the magnet rows is precisely defined via a stiff needle bearing, which is located closely to the critical volume. In the APPLE II design, the slit adjustment must be done from outside of the vacuum chamber far away from the electron beam. In this article, we discuss the tolerances of systematic phase errors of various types and their relaxation with emittance and energy spread. We developed specific transverse slides for the slit adjustment to achieve full flexibility in phase tuning. We discuss their capability in slit adjustment precision in the readily assembled and evacuated system. The discussions are based on spectral and FEM-simulations.

Objective: Meningiomas are the most common tumor in the brain. Like most other tumors, also meningioma prefer anaerobic glycolysis for energy production (Warburg effect). This results in an increased formation of the metabolite methylglyoxal (MGO), which is known to react with aminogroups of proteins[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 71. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 9. Joint Meeting mit der Japanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie

In einer einwöchigen Testaktion wurde mit 18 ÄrztInnen bei 2.167 MitarbeiterInnen aus 27 Pflegeheimen SARS-CoV-2 in Nasen-Rachen-Abstrichen untersucht. Das Epidemiologische Bulletin 21/2020 berichtet, dass in 5 der Einrichtungen bis dahin unbekannte positive MitarbeiterInnen identifiziert wurden. In 4 der betroffenen Einrichtungen waren bisher keine SARS-CoV-2-Fälle bekannt. Die notwendigen Maßnahmen zur Quarantäne und Kontaktverfolgung wurden vom Gesundheitsamt und den Einrichtungsleitungen in die Wege geleitet.

Pathognomonic PAX3-FOXO1 fusion oncogene expression is associated with poor outcome in rhabdomyosarcoma. Combining genome-wide CRISPR screening with cell-based functional genetic approaches, we here provide evidence that PAX3-FOXO1 induces replication stress, resulting in a synthetic lethal dependency to ATR-mediated DNA damage-response signaling in rhabdomyosarcoma. Expression of PAX3-FOXO1 in muscle progenitor cells was not only sufficient to induce hypersensitivity to ATR inhibition, but PAX3-FOXO1-expressing rhabdomyosarcoma cells also exhibited increased sensitivity to structurally diverse inhibitors of ATR, a dependency that could be validated genetically. Mechanistically, ATR inhibition led to replication stress exacerbation, decreased BRCA1 phosphorylation and reduced homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair pathway activity. Consequently, ATR inhibitor treatment increased sensitivity of rhabdomyosarcoma cells to PARP inhibition in vitro, and combined ATR and PARP inhibition induced regression of primary patient-derived alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma xenografts in vivo. Moreover, a genome-wide CRISPR activation screen (CRISPRa) identified FOS gene family members as inducers of resistance against ATR inhibitors. Mechanistically, FOS gene family members reduced replication stress in rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Lastly, compassionate use of ATR inhibitors in two pediatric patients suffering from relapsed PAX3-FOXO1-expressing alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma showed signs of tolerability, paving the way to clinically exploit this novel synthetic lethal dependency in rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, and can be subcategorized histologically and/or based on PAX-FOXO1 fusion gene status. Over the last four decades, there have been no significant improvements in clinical outcomes for advanced and metastatic RMS patients, underscoring a need for new treatment options for these groups. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of the genomic landscape and underlying biological mechanisms governing RMS that have informed the identification of novel therapeutic targets, development of these therapies in clinical trials has lagged far behind. In this review, we summarize the current frontline multi-modality therapy for RMS according to pediatric protocols, highlight emerging targeted therapies and immunotherapies identified by preclinical studies, and discuss early clinical trial data and the implications they hold for future clinical development.

Contains fulltext : 215772.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The time interval between CRT and surgery in rectal cancer patients is still the subject of debate. The aim of this study was to first evaluate the nationwide use of restaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its impact on timing of surgery, and, second, to evaluate the impact of timing of surgery after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on short- and long-term outcomes. METHODS: Patients were selected from a collaborative rectal cancer research project including 71 Dutch centres, and were subdivided into two groups according to time interval from the start of preoperative CRT to surgery (< 14 and >/= 14 weeks). RESULTS: From 2095 registered patients, 475 patients received preoperative CRT. MRI restaging was performed in 79.4% of patients, with a median CRT-MRI interval of 10 weeks (interquartile range [IQR] 8-11) and a median MRI-surgery interval of 4 weeks (IQR 2-5). The CRT-surgery interval groups consisted of 224 (< 14 weeks) and 251 patients (>/= 14 weeks), and the long-interval group included a higher proportion of cT4 stage and multivisceral resection patients. Pathological complete response rate (n = 34 [15.2%] vs. n = 47 [18.7%], p = 0.305) and CRM involvement (9.7% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.145) did not significantly differ. Thirty-day surgical complications were similar (20.1% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.943), however no significant differences were found for local and distant recurrence rates, disease-free survival, and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: These real-life data, reflecting routine daily practice in The Netherlands, showed substantial variability in the use and timing of restaging MRI after preoperative CRT for rectal cancer, as well as time interval to surgery. Surgery before or after 14 weeks from the start of CRT resulted in similar short- and long-term outcomes.

The HESEB (Helmholtz-SESAME soft X-ray beamline) project is an initiative by the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HGF) to implement a new beamline at SESAME for scientific applications using soft X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The beamline design, procurement, and construction are being carried out by a consortium of the HGF centers DESY, FZJ, HZB, HZDR and KIT in collaboration with SESAME. The new beamline will be available for the SESAME user community within the four year project duration. It will allow for a large number of top-class scientific applications and provide new cooperation potentials with German and international research groups. The beamline is based on a variable-polarization undulator and a plane-grating monochromator covering an energy range 80 - 2000 eV. The optical design and the technical specifications have been completed and a call for tender procedure is ongoing. It is expected that the beamline will see first light in summer 2021. During the course of the project, the main goals to be achieved are (i) the construction and commissioning of the beamline at SESAME with a chamber for cultural heritage applications using spatially resolved soft X-ray fluorescence, (ii) the leveraging of additional contributions from the SESAME member countries to promote the build-up of international user consortia and to secure funding for experimental endstations and additional instrumentation, (iii) the training of SESAME staff at participating Helmholtz centers to enable reliable operation of the beamline by local staff, and (iv) the fostering of the establishment of a broad user community of HESEB from the SESAME member states through training, workshops, and schools. The first soft X-ray HESEB science workshop will take place in Istanbul beginning of 2020.

Machine learning techniques have led to broad adoption of a statistical model of computing. The statistical distributions natively available on quantum processors are a superset of those available classically. Harnessing this attribute has the potential to accelerate or otherwise improve machine learning relative to purely classical performance. A key challenge toward that goal is learning to hybridize classical computing resources and traditional learning techniques with the emerging capabilities of general purpose quantum processors. Here, we demonstrate such hybridization by training a 19-qubit gate model processor to solve a clustering problem, a foundational challenge in unsupervised learning. We use the quantum approximate optimization algorithm in conjunction with a gradient-free Bayesian optimization to train the quantum machine. This quantum/classical hybrid algorithm shows robustness to realistic noise, and we find evidence that classical optimization can be used to train around both coherent and incoherent imperfections., 7 pages + appendix, many figures

Hintergrund: Die funktionelle Untersuchung von Muskeln ist eine manuelle Untersuchungsmethode, mit deren Hilfe unterschiedliche Beschwerden am Bewegungsapparat ursächlich abgeklärt werden können. Insbesondere bei der Zuordnung chronischer Beschwerden wie Rückenschmerzen, Kopfschmerzen,[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 51. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

Aim A Snapshot study design eliminates changes in treatment and outcome over time. This population based Snapshot study aimed to determine current practice and outcome of rectal cancer treatment with published landmark randomized controlled trials as a benchmark.Method In this collaborative research project, the dataset of the Dutch Surgical Colorectal Audit was extended with additional treatment and long-term outcome data. All registered patients who underwent resection for rectal cancer in 2011 were eligible. Baseline characteristics and outcome were evaluated against the results of the Dutch TME trial and the COLOR II trial from which the original datasets were obtained.Results A total of 71 hospitals participated, and data were completed for 2102 out of the potential 2633 patients (79.8%). Median follow-up was 41 (interquartile range 25-47) months. Overall circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement was 9.3% in the Snapshot cohort and 18.5% in the Dutch TME trial. CRM positivity after laparoscopic resection was 7.8% in the Snapshot and 9.5% in the COLOR II trial. Three-year overall local recurrence rate in the Snapshot was 5.9%, with a disease-free survival of 67.1% and overall survival of 79.5%. Benchmarking with the randomized controlled trials revealed an overall favourable long-term outcome of the Snapshot cohort.Conclusion This study showed that current rectal cancer care in a large unselected Dutch population is of high quality, with less positive CRM since the TME trial and oncologically safe implementation of minimally invasive surgery after the COLOR II trial.

Purpose The paper provides an overview of research published in the innovation and operations management (IOM) literature on 15 methods for cost management in new product development, and it provides a comparison to an earlier review of the management accounting (MA) literature (Wouters & Morales, 2014). Methodology/approach This structured literature search covers papers published in 23 journals in IOM in the period 1990–2014. Findings The search yielded a sample of 208 unique papers with 275 results (one paper could refer to multiple cost management methods). The top 3 methods are modular design, component commonality, and product platforms, with 115 results (42%) together. In the MA literature, these three methods accounted for 29%, but target costing was the most researched cost management method by far (26%). Simulation is the most frequently used research method in the IOM literature, whereas this was averagely used in the MA literature; qualitative studies were the most frequently used research method in the MA literature, whereas this was averagely used in the IOM literature. We found a lot of papers presenting practical approaches or decision models as a further development of a particular cost management method, which is a clear difference from the MA literature. Research limitations/implications This review focused on the same cost management methods, and future research could also consider other cost management methods which are likely to be more important in the IOM literature compared to the MA literature. Future research could also investigate innovative cost management practices in more detail through longitudinal case studies. Originality/value This review of research on methods for cost management published outside the MA literature provides an overview for MA researchers. It highlights key differences between both literatures in their research of the same cost management methods.

The extent to which we experience ‚workload‘ whilst steering depends on (i) the availability of the human operator’s (presumably limited) resources and, (ii) the demands of the steering task. Typically, an increased demand of the steering task for a specific resource can be inferred from how steering modifies the components of the event-related potential (ERP), which is elicited by the stimuli of a competing task. Recent studies have demonstrated that this approach can continue to be applied even when the stimuli does not require an explicit response. Under certain circumstances, workload levels in the primary task can influence the ERPs that are elicited by task-irrelevant target events, in particular complex environmental sounds. Using this approach, the current study assesses the human operator’s resources that are demanded by different aspects of the steering task. To enable future studies to focus their analysis, we identify ERP components and electrodes that are relevant to steering demands, using mass univariate analysis. Additionally we compare the effectiveness of sound stimuli that are conventionally employed to elicit ERPs for assessing workload, namely pure-tone oddballs and environmental sounds. In the current experiment, participants performed a compensatory tracking task that required them to align a continuously perturbed target line to a stationary reference line. Task difficulty was manipulated either by varying the bandwidth of the disturbance or by varying the complexity of the controller dynamics of the steering system. Both manipulations presented two levels of difficulty (‚Easy‘ and ‚Hard‘), which could be contrasted to a baseline ‘View only’ condition. During the steering task, task-irrelevant sounds were presented to elicit ERPs: frequent pure-tone standards, rare pure-tone oddballs and rare environmental sounds. Our results show that steering task demands influence ERP components that are suggested by the previous literature to be related to the following cognitive processes, namely the call for orientation (i.e., early P3a), the orientation of attention (i.e., late P3a), and the semantic processing of the task-irrelevant sound stimuli (i.e., N400). The early P3 was decreased in the frontocentral electrodes, the late P3 centrally and the N400 centrally and over the left hemisphere. Single subject analyses on these identified components reveal differences that correspond to our manipulations of steering difficulty. More participants discriminate for above components in the ‘Hard’ relative to the ‘Easy’ condition. The current study identifies the spatial and temporal distribution of ERPs that ought to be targeted for future investigations of the influence of steering on workload. In addition, the use of task-irrelevant environmental sounds to elicit ERP indices for workload holds several advantages over conventional beep tones, especially in the operational context. Finally, the current findings indicate the involvement of cognitive processes in steering, which is typically viewed as being a predominantly visuo-motor task.

Einleitung: Kieferhöhlenkarzinome werden unter anderem nach der TNM-Klassifikation der UICC und AJCC eingeteilt. Ziel dieser Studie war die Untersuchung der prognostischen Aussagekraft der 2010 veröffentlichten siebten Version für Kieferhöhlenkarzinome. Methode: In die retrospektive[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 85. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Fragestellung: Eine Schwellung in der Kniekehle kommt bei Kindern selten vor. Die Ursache dafür ist vielfältig: Je nach Alter des Kindes kommen differentialdiagnostisch (Baker-)Zysten, Varizen, Thrombosen oder auch ein Tumor in Betracht. Hier werden zwei Kinder mit einer Schwellung in der [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Süddeutscher Kongress für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin; 63. Jahrestagung der Süddeutschen Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin gemeinsam mit der Süddeutschen Gesellschaft für Kinderchirurgie und dem Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. – Landesverband Baden-Württemberg

Fragestellung: Beim Verdacht auf einen soliden Tumor im Kindesalter wird meist eine offene Biopsie zur Diagnosesicherung empfohlen, um genügend Tumormaterial für eine korrekte Diagnose zur Verfügung zu haben. Perkutane Nadelbiopsien, die bei erwachsenen Patienten häufig verwendet[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Süddeutscher Kongress für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin; 63. Jahrestagung der Süddeutschen Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin gemeinsam mit der Süddeutschen Gesellschaft für Kinderchirurgie und dem Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. – Landesverband Baden-Württemberg

Bei vielen Kindern und Jugendlichen mit der seltenen Diagnose eines Rhabdomyosarkoms der Orbita wird die Diagnose primär nicht vermutet. Eine Fallvorstellung. Ein 10-jähriger Junge hat einen zunehmenden, einseitigen Exophthalmus mit periorbitaler Schwellung rechts und Doppelbildern. Sein[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Süddeutscher Kongress für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin; 63. Jahrestagung der Süddeutschen Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin gemeinsam mit der Süddeutschen Gesellschaft für Kinderchirurgie und dem Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. – Landesverband Baden-Württemberg

Einleitung: Die Zunge ist eines der diffizilsten Organe des Menschen. Defekte der Zunge, insbesondere nach größeren onkologischen Resektionen, haben durch funktionelle Einschränkungen einen sehr ausgeprägten Effekt auf die Lebensqualität der Patienten. Daher stellt die funktionelle[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 44. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Ästhetischen Chirurgen (DGPRÄC), 17. Jahrestagung der Vereinigung der Deutschen Ästhetisch-Plastischen Chirurgen (VDÄPC)

Pilzerkrankungen durch saphrophytisch lebende Kryptokokken sind bei immunkompetenten Patienten im Kopf-Hals Bereich sehr selten. Hingegen sind Kryptokokken assoziierte Erkrankungen der Meningen oder der Lunge bei Patienten mit AIDS, Leukämie oder Morbus Hodgkin deutlich häufiger. Ein 20-Jahre[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 10. Kongress für Infektionskrankheiten und Tropenmedizin (KIT 2010)

A 49-year-old woman, who had undergone a hysterectomy 17 years previously, was referred with thoracic pain located on the right side that had been present for several weeks. Thoracic imaging showed multiple pulmonary lesions on both sides. Histological investigation of a biopsy from one of these lesions revealed a benign metastatic leiomyoma. The patient was treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue. The lesions showed regression and the symptoms disappeared. Benign metastatic leiomyoma is a rare benign clinical entity in women of fertile age who have had a surgical intervention on the uterus because of uterus myomatosus. The therapeutic options are surgical resection, removal of the hormonal stimulus by administering progesterone or GnRH-analogues or bilateral ovariectomy.

Objective The removal of third molars requires information about the relative position of the root tips and the mandibular nerve. The diagnostic value of conventional radiologic procedures using a panoramic radiograph and symmetrical PA cephalometric radiograph (PAN&PA) was compared with that of a cone-beam volumetric imaging (CBVI) device (Galileos; Sirona, Bensheim, Germany). Study design Six observers evaluated 30 PAN&PA and 30 CBVI for the position of root tips. Diagnostic information was rated from 1 to 5 (excellent to poor). Results With PAN&PA, 3 times more scans showed nondetectable information for horizontal position compared with CBVI. The diagnostic information in the vertical dimension received a median rating of 2 (good) for CBVI and for PAN&PA; for the horizontal dim ension, CBVI received a median rating of 2 (good), compared with a significantly worse median rating of 3 (sufficient) for PAN&PA (P = .000). The variance was highest for the horizontal dimension with PAN&PA (1.27). Conclusion These findings indicate that cone-beam technology improves the localization of third molar for presurgical planning.

Introduction Radiation therapy of the oral and maxillo-facial region increases the risk of an infected osteoradionecrosis (IORN) which is a severe complication. Therefore, perioperative antibiotics for the prophylaxis of ORN is a standard in clinical oncology. The combination therapy of ampicillin and sulbactam (Unacid) promises a good therapeutic and prophylactic outcome.Patients We compared the concentration of Unacid in bone and blood specimens of 22 irradiated patients. All patients were irradiated with 39.6 Gy prior to surgery. The specimens were obtained during the operation 3 weeks after the end of the radiation therapy.Results The concentration of ampicillin/sulbactam in the blood was 124.9/64.5 µg/ml. The bone specimens showed a concentration of ampicillin/sulbactam of 5.54/1.21 µg/g. The concentration of the antibiotic in the bone was three to four times lower than in non-irradiated patients. Nevertheless, this concentration exceeds the minimum inhibitory concentration for bacteria in the oral cavity such as streptcoccae (MHK90Conclusions The results of this study suggest, that Unacid is an effective antibiotic in the prophylaxis of ORN in irradiated patients with head and neck tumors. Fragestellung Nach Bestrahlungen in der Mundhöhlenregion ist das Risiko für eine infizierte Osteoradionekrose (IORN) erhöht. Daher wird bei Eingriffen am bestrahlten Patienten eine perioperative Antibiotikaprophylaxe als Standard durchgeführt. Die fixe Kombination aus Ampicillin und Sulbactam ist aufgrund ihres Wirkspektrums geeignet und hat sich im klinischen Alltag bewährt. Die Wirkstoffkonzentrationen im bestrahlten Knochen und Serum sollten mit einer klinisch-experimentellen Studie überprüft werden.Patienten Bei 22 mit 39,6 Gy neoadjuvant vorbehandelten Patienten wurden während der Tumoroperation nach definierter i. v. Gabe von Unacid Proben aus Serum und bestrahltem Knochen entnommen.Ergebnisse Die Auswertung der Proben ergab eine mittlere Ampicillin-/Sulbactamkonzentration im Serum von 124,9/64,5 µg/ml. In den Knochenproben wurden eine mittlere Ampicillinkonzentration von 5,54 µg/g und eine Sulbactamkonzentration von 1,21 µg/g bestimmt. Die erreichbare Wirkstoffkonzentration im Knochen lag somit 3 Wochen nach Abschluss der Radiatio um den Faktor 3–4 niedriger als in zum Vergleich herangezogenen Studien am unbehandelten Knochen. Dennoch lagen diese Wirkstoffkonzentrationen über den minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen der häufigsten Bakterien oraler Infektionen, wie beispielsweise Streptokokken (MHK90Schlussfolgerungen Für den mit 40 Gy bestrahlten Knochen ist mit der i. v. Infusion von Ampicillin/Sulbactam in der vorgeschriebenen Dosierung eine sinnvolle Prophylaxe zur Verhinderung einer infizierten Osteoradionekrose möglich.

Recently, the Working Group \342\200\234Real time control\342\200\235 of the German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste (DWA, formerly: ATV-DVWK) has prepared a guideline document on planning of real time control (RTC) systems for urban drainage catchments. At present, the document is in its consultation phase, its publication as a DWA guideline document is envisaged (in German language) in 2005. This paper summarises its main issues, in order to make the guidelines available to an international audience. The guidelines will assist the consultant engineers, wastewater system operators and authorities in estimating the RTC potential for their system and in planning and developing RTC systems in a structured way.

To unravel the postglacial colonization history and the current intercolony dispersal in the common eider, Somateria mollissima, we analysed genetic variation at a part of the mitochondrial control region and five unlinked autosomal microsatellite loci in 175 eiders from 11 breeding colonies, covering the entire European distribution range of this species. As a result of extreme female philopatry, mitochondrial DNA differentiation is substantial both among local colonies and among distant geographical regions. Our study further corroborates the previous hypothesis of a single Pleistocene refugium for European eiders. A nested clade analysis on mitochondrial haplotypes suggests that (i) the Baltic Sea eider population is genetically closest to a presumably ancestral population and that (ii) the postglacial recolonization progressed in a stepwise fashion via the North Sea region and the Faroe Islands to Iceland. Current long-distance dispersal is limited. Differentiation among colonies is much less pronounced at microsatellite loci. The geographical pattern of this nuclear genetic variation is to a large extent explained by isolation by distance. As female dispersal is very limited, the geographical pattern of nuclear variation is probably explained by male-mediated gene flow among breeding colonies. Our study provides genetic evidence for the assumed prominent postglacial colonization route shaping the present terrestrial fauna of the North Atlantic islands Iceland and the Faroes. It suggests that this colonization had been a stepwise process originating in continental Europe. It is the first molecular study on eider duck populations covering their entire European distribution range

TESLA-FEL Reports 14 pp. (2000).

The reaction $e^+e^−→e^+e^−π^0π^0$ has been analyzed using 97pb$^{−1}$ of data taken with the Crystal Ball detector at the DESY $e^−e^+$ storage ring DORIS II at beam energies around 5.3 GeV. For the first time we have measured the cross section for $γγ→π^0π^0$ for π0π0 mvariant masses ranging from threshold to about 2 GeV. We measure an approximately flat cross section of about 10 nb for W=$mπ^0π^0

7 pp. (1990)., We have searched for axion and light Higgs boson production in the channel $ϒ (1S)$ → $(a^0 or h^0) + γ$, where the non-interacting axion a0 and the Higgs boson $h^0$ do not decay in the detector. We find no evidence for an axion and give an upper limit,$ Br(ϒ (1S) → a^0γ) < 4.0 × 10^{−5} (90% CL)$, for long-lived axions. Combining our limit with the previous search in J/ψ decays, we are able to rule out the axion in the standard model with first order QCD corrections. Our $ϒ (1S)$ data also rule out a Higgs boson with mass mh < 86 MeV.