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Department of Immunology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran. Department of Maxillo-facial Surgery, Dental School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Department of Maxillo-facial Surgery, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Departments of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Iowa, USA.

Introduction: Cytokines are the important factors in the progression of periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of the first phase of the periodontal therapy on the amount of existing IL-17 and IL-23 in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with severe periodontitis and in the control group. Methods: In this clinical trial intervention study,after purifying the parts which were under consideration in 22 patients with severe periodontitis, gingival crevicular fluid was gathered using periopaper located within the gingival sulcus, Then, the first phase of periodontal therapy was carried out and sample taking from the same parts was conducted after 4 weeks. The same phase was carried out on 24 healthy patients (control group). All patients were selected from the Department of Periodontology, Tehran Islamic Azad University Dental Branch. Since the data did not have a normal distribution, therefore, nonparametric tests were used for comparing the groups (Mann-Whitney U Test). A p≤0.05 is considered as significant. Results: The results showed that there was a meaningful and significant difference between the IL-17 viscosity before (p

One of the inflammatory mediators which is secreted by inflammatory cells is high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1). Interaction of HMGB1 and toll-like receptors (TLRs) leads to increased production of inflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, it was shown that triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) also can be activated by TLRs, and its soluble form (sTREM-1) can be formed by cleaving of membrane-bound form of TREM-1 proteinases. Since there is not enough knowledge about the precise role of HMGB1 and sTREM-1 in periodontal diseases, the aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of HMGB1 and sTREM-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of patients with chronic periodontitis. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were obtained from a total of 24 individuals with clinically healthy gingiva and 24 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. For collecting GCF samples, periopapers were placed at the entrance of the crevice and left in position for 30 seconds. Then, they were stored at -80°C. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for measuring the concentration of HMGB1 and sTREM-1 in GCF samples. The concentration of HMGB1 (p

Background and aims. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles of zirconiamixed with glass-ionomer on the proliferation of epithelial cells and adhesive molecules (ICAM-1). Materials and methods. Zirconia nanoparticles were mixed with glass-ionomer powder in weight percentages of 0%, 5%, 50%, 70%, and 100%. The powders were then mixed with glass-ionomer liquid in 2:1 weight ratios. The paste was then in-serted into a steel ring mold (5 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm in thickness) sandwiched between two glass slides. Glass-ionomer was then cured using a light-curing unit. Seven samples (discs) were prepared for each mixing percentage. Cell cultivation (epithelial) and MTT tests were performed to assess the cytotoxicity of specimens containing different nanozirconiacontents. Finally, human ICAM-1 platinum ELISA test was performed for quantitative diagnosis of human ICAM-1 epithelial cells. Results. Statistically significant differences (p, Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry; ISSN 2008-7748

Background and aims. It has been reported that Type I hypersensitivity plays an important role in periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between interleukin-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α as immunologic mediators and gingival clinical parameters in chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Materials and methods. Clinical parameters including clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD)and bleeding index of 11 patients with moderate-to-advanced periodontitis were recorded;gingival tissue specimens from 12 chronic and 14 aggressive active sites, harvested from interproximal areas during their routine periodontal surgeries, were cultured with Fetal Calf Serum + RPMI + Amphotericin + Gentamicin in 96-well plates for 72 hours. The cytokines present in the culture media were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ElISA) in each case and the results were statisticallyanalyzed by ANCOVA, Pearson's and Spearman's rho. Results. Mean values of CAL, PD, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were 6.8±1.3 mm, 6.5±1.2 mm, 111.23±143.4, 10.1±16.9 and 5.2±0.2, respectively. There were no significant differences between the three cytokine concentrations in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. There were no correlations between cytokine concentrations and clinical parameters. There were direct statistical correlations between IL-6 and TNF-α in both periodontitis types (, Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry; ISSN 2008-7748

Objective: Resin cements, regardless of their biocompatibility, have been widely used in restorative dentistry during the recent years. These cements contain hydroxy ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) molecules which are claimed to penetrate into dentinal tubules and may affect dental pulp. Since tooth preparation for metal ceramic restorations involves a large surface of the tooth, cytotoxicity of these cements would be more important in fixed prosthodontic treatments. The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity of two resin cements (Panavia F2 and Rely X Plus) versus zinc phosphate cement (Harvard) using rat L929-fibroblasts in vitro. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, ninety hollow glass cylinders (internal diameter 5-mm, height 2-mm) were made and divided into three groups. Each group was filled with one of three experimental cements; Harvard Zinc Phosphate cement, Panavia F2 resin cement and Rely X Plus resin cement. L929- Fibroblast were passaged and subsequently cultured in 6-well plates of 5×105 cells each. The culture medium was RPMI_ 1640. All samples were incubated in CO2. Using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) and (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay, the cytotoxicity of the cements was investigated at 1 hour, 24 hours and one week post exposure. Statistical analyses were performed via two-way ANOVA and honestly significant difference (HSD) Tukey tests. Results: This study revealed significant differences between the three cements at the different time intervals. Harvard cement displayed the greatest cytotoxicity at all three intervals. After 1 hour Panavia F2 showed the next greatest cytotoxicity, but after 24-hours and oneweek intervals Rely X Plus showed the next greatest cytotoxicity. The results further showed that cytotoxicity decreased significantly in the Panavia F2 group with time (p