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Porvac is a classical swine fever (CSF) subunit vaccine. It is safe and induces a robust neutralizing antibody response, sterilizing immunity, and early protection, and it prevents vertical transmission in pregnant sows. The methodology to approve Porvac batches is a challenging experiment in pigs with a virulent CSF virus strain. However, there is an ethical reason to reduce, at minimum, the use of animals in these lethal experiments. The knowledge indicates that neutralizing antibody titers in the blood could be a good correlate of protection. The results of 22 challenge experiments involving 116 Porvac vaccinated and 38 unvaccinated animals were analyzed. All vaccinated animals remained free from CSF clinical signs and pathological lesions and were negative for viral isolation after the challenge. In contrast, all unvaccinated pigs developed clinical and pathological signs of the disease and had to be euthanized eight days post-challenge. All vaccinated pigs exhibited high neutralizing antibody titers, with a geometric mean value of 1: 5153. The lower titer registered was 1: 800. A complete correspondence between neutralizing antibody titers and protection was demonstrated. These results support substituting the viral challenge test for the neutralizing peroxidase-linked assay in the release of Porvac® batches. Keywords. Classical swine fever; virus; subunit vaccine; viral challenge; neutralizing antibodies

Introducción: los niveles de aceptación de la vacuna de COVID-19 varían a nivel mundial y es necesario tomar en cuenta los clientes priorizados, definidos como la población con poco acceso a salud por sus características sociodemográficas, migrantes haitianos y sus descendientes, con alta tasa de movilidad, escaso recursos económicos y un alto porcentaje sin documentos que avalen su estatus migratorio en República Dominicana. Esta población no se ve reflejada en ningún estudio encontrado hasta el momento. Material y métodos: el estudio se realizó usando la encuesta de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) más creencias. Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Resultados: sobre la intención de vacunarse, comparando si habría una diferencia según la condición serológica de los pacientes no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa, al realizar el test chi-cuadrado se obtuvo un p-value de 0.080. Mientras que al comparar si había alguna diferencia con las personas iletradas no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, dado que el p-value fue de 0.664. Tampoco hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa al comparar los participantes según sexo, ya que el p-value fue de 0.664. Al realizar la prueba de T desapareadas con un intervalo de confianza de 95 % debido a que se estaba comparando sí o no los pacientes se vacunarían, con la edad sí se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, pues el p-value fue de 0.001. Conclusiones: la aceptación de la vacuna puede estar determinada por la edad y por el nivel educativo de la población migrante. Por lo que habría que realizar más estudios sobre qué otros factores pudieran afectar la intención y percepción de la efectividad de la vacuna. Además de hacer campañas específicas para esta población.

Este artículo constituye un análisis crítico de la revisión por las autoras del nuevo Código de las Familias en Cuba, versión 23, fecha 11/11/ 2021, el cual será resultado de una amplia consulta popular y del referendo que convoque la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular para el cumplimiento y desarrollo de los derechos. La oportunidad de su análisis de manera participativa y democrática por toda la población, es un hecho distintivo de las bondades de este proceso en construcción. Las autoras integran el proyecto SOLUNA: Visibilidad y prevención de la violencia para el desarrollo de una cultura de paz de la Universidad de Matanzas, por lo tanto, es imprescindible realizar una valoración de este anteproyecto para contribuir a su mejora, se utilizan métodos de nivel teórico de la ciencia y se sistematizan las experiencias en los talleres comunitarios y en el Servicio de Consejería a personas en situación de violencia, donde se registran los Estudios de Casos, lo que permite entrecruzar el referente teórico con los resultados en la práctica; se intenta mostrar, con ejemplos desde estas experiencias y con argumentos científicos, hacia donde todavía debemos enfocar las intervenciones para prevenir la violencia, visibilizándola; se destacan en el Código varios artículos y un título dedicado íntegramente a la violencia familiar, y además en otros apartados hay elementos que indican, aunque no siempre explícitamente, la condena a este acto, se considera un proyecto transformador, inclusivo, humanista, necesario, es un Código desde los afectos, donde prima el respeto a la dignidad humana.

About the novel El ingenioso hidalgo don Quijote de la Mancha we propose the hypothesis that Miguel de Cervantes had previously published a short story which has since disappeared, which he expanded afterwards to give rise, in 1605, to the long novel that we know today. A marginal note in a notarial protocol from the island of Tenerife, written around 1604, appears to refer to this short story, which would confirm its existence.

The use of psychoactive substances, including illegal drugs, drugs of abuse and psychiatric pharmaceuticals, is a major health and environmental issue. In particular, drugs are found in urban sewage and water ecosystems. The analysis of drugs in wastewater is challenging because drugs occur at trace levels in complex organo-mineral media, calling for advanced analytical methods. Here we review recent methods developped to analyze drugs in sludge, sediments, soils and biota. Extraction methods include solid–liquid extraction, sonication, microwave, and quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe extraction (QuEChERS). We compare and discuss advantages and disadvantages of each analytical step for various sample types.

Cancer is a major reason for veterinary consultation, especially in companion animals. Cancer surveillance plays a key role in prevention but opportunities for such surveillance in companion animals are limited by the lack of suitable veterinary population health infrastructures. In this paper we describe a pathology-based animal tumour registry (PTR) developed within the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (SAVSNET) built from electronic pathology records (EPR) submitted to this network. From an original collection of 180232 free text (non-structured) EPRs reported between April 2018 and June 2019, we used specific text-mining methodologies to identify 109895 neoplasias. These data were normalized to describe both the tumour (type and location) and the animal (breed, neutering status and veterinary practice postcode). The resulting PTR, the largest of its kind for companion animals to date, is an important research resource being able to facilitate a wide array of research in areas including surveillance, clinical decision making and comparative cancer biology., Measurement(s)tumourTechnology Type(s)digital curation • text miningFactor Type(s)animal species • breed • sex • neuter statusSample Characteristic - OrganismCanis lupus familiaris • Felis catusSample Characteristic - LocationUnited Kingdom Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15074079

Microplastics (MPs) are pollutants of emerging concern. These small particles are found throughout the world. Its best-known negative effects are that they can confuse marine organisms that would feed on them, or block their airways. In addition, they have been shown to act as vectors of contamination too. In this work, a methodology for the extraction of ten widely used pharmaceutical compounds adsorbed into MPs has been developed. This methodology is based on Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) followed by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). In the optimal conditions, Limits of Detection (LODs) between 0.25 and 15.8 ng·g-1 were obtained. The optimized method was successfully applied to different MPs samples taken from three beaches of Canary Islands. The results indicated the detection of all target pharmaceuticals at least one time in the analysed samples.

Classical swine fever is a highly contagious viral disease with a significant impact on food production worldwide. It currently represents one of the main limitations for the development of the pig industry in Cuba. PorvacÒ is a subunit marker vaccine that confers a very rapid onset of protection. Since there are different production systems in pig breeding, readjustments in the vaccination program are often required. This study compares the safety and efficacy in piglets of two vaccination schedules with PorvacÒ (0-2 weeks and 0-3 weeks), initiated at two or three weeks of age. Clinical monitoring was conducted, and a neutralization peroxidase-linked assay was used to measure the neutralization titers. All immunization regimens were safe and well-tolerated, without local or systemic adverse reactions in the vaccinated animals. Geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers higher than 1/1500 were detected in all groups during the six months of the trial. One month after the second immunization, piglets primed at two weeks of age, and boostered three weeks later, developed significantly higher neutralization titers (1/15644) compared to those vaccinated at a similar age but with a two-week interval between doses (1/5760). However, no significant differences in the titers were found three and six months after vaccination among the four regimens. In summary, all the variants studied are effective, but it is recommended to start vaccination at two weeks old, with the second dose at either two or three weeks later, depending on the production system and the purpose of the farm.

Rhipicephalus Boophilus microplus cattle tick is a scourge for livestock production. The infestations produced by this pathogen are incompletely contained by chemical treatments, with the associated environmental pollution risks. Vaccination against cattle ticks has emerged as a feasible and environmentally friendly strategy to control tick-borne diseases. In this setting, Gavac® vaccine has proven effective in decreasing cattle tick populations through antibody responses against the tick Bm86 antigen, as part of an Integrated Control Program. However, animal vaccination programs require easy and ready-to-use screening tests to follow up the immune response in vaccinated animals under field conditions. This study reports the evaluation HeberFast® Line Gavac, a lateral flow immunochromatographic system for the rapid detection of anti Bm86 antibodies in vaccinated cattle. The system was tested on 598 serum samples taken from immunized animals, arranged in three groups according to their anti-Bm86 antibody response in ELISA (209 high, 150 medium or 239 low and 100 samples from non-immunized animals. The HeberFast® Line Gavac system was assessed for sensitivity, specificity, and concordance against the ELISA reference test. Consistency was evaluated among production batches and inter-analyst reading-independent consistency at two moments: ten minutes after completing the test and after strip drying. The system showed high sensitivity (81.6%, 82.2%, and 81%), specificity (96.7, 94.6, and 93.3%), and agreement with the ELISA reference test (75%; 74%, and 71%) for high, medium and low anti-Bm86 sera, respectively. The effectiveness of the diagnosis was 87.6; 87.1; 85.9 for high, medium, and low antibody titers, respectively. Consistency among production batches and analysts was documented, and no significant differences between evaluation times were found. These results indicate that HeberFast® Line Gavac is a valuable tool for the serological surveillance of Gavac vaccinated cattle.

Introduction: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CH) is a severe disorder characterised by the appearance of severe hypoglycaemia. Pathogenic mutations in the ABCC8 and KCNJ11 genes are the most frequent cause, although its appearance also been associated to mutations in other genes (GCK, GLUD1, HADH, HNF1A, HNF4A, SLC16A1, UCP2, HK1), and with different syndromes. Materials and methods: Retrospective review of patients diagnosed with CH in this unit during the last 18 years (2001–2018). Genetic analysis included screening for 11 genes in genomic DNA from peripheral blood (ABCC8, GCK, GLUD1, HADH, HNF1A, HNF4A, INSR, KCNJ11, SLC16A1, UCP2, and SLC25A15). Objective: To carry out a clinical and genetic characterisation of the diagnosed cases of CH in Gran Canaria. Results: There have been 10 cases of persistent HC since 2001. Seven of them had mutations in the ABCC8 gene, one in the HNF4α gene, and in two patients, no pathogenic mutations were found in the analysed genes. Four patients presented with previously undescribed mutations. Pancreatectomy was performed in two of the cases. The minimum insulin value detected in hypoglycaemia was 6.81 µIU/mL. The incidence of persistent CH for Gran Canaria and Lanzarote is 1/15,614. Conclusions: Four patients had previously undescribed mutations. The most frequently affected gene was ABCC8. Pancreatectomy was required in 20% of the patients. An insulin value of ≥6.81 µIU/mL was observed in all patients at the time of diagnosis. The incidence of CH in Gran Canaria is high. Resumen: Introducción: El hiperinsulinismo congénito (HC) es una patología severa caracterizada por la aparición de hipoglucemias graves. Las mutaciones patogénicas en los genes ABCC8 y KCNJ11 son la causa más frecuente, aunque también se han descrito en otros (GCK, GLUD1, HADH, HNF1A, HNF4A, SLC16A1, UCP2, HK1) y asociado a diferentes síndromes. Material, pacientes y métodos: Revisión retrospectiva de los pacientes con diagnóstico de HC en nuestra unidad durante los últimos 18 años (2001–2018). El análisis genético incluyó un cribado de 11 genes en ADN genómico a partir de sangre periférica (ABCC8, GCK, GLUD1, HADH, HNF1A, HNF4A, INSR, KCNJ11, SLC16A1, UCP2, SLC25A15). Objetivos: Realizar una caracterización clínica y genética de los casos diagnosticados de HC en nuestro medio. Resultados: Desde 2001 hemos tenido 10 casos de HC persistente. Siete presentaron mutaciones en el gen ABCC8, uno en el gen HNF4α y en dos pacientes no se encontraron mutaciones patogénicas en los genes analizados. Cuatro pacientes presentaron mutaciones no descritas previamente. Se recurrió a la pancreatectomía en 2 de los casos. El valor mínimo de insulina detectado en hipoglucemia fue de 6,81 µUI/mL. La incidencia de HC persistente para Gran Canaria y Lanzarote es de 1/15.614. Conclusiones: Cuatro pacientes presentaron mutaciones no descritas. El gen más frecuentemente afectado fue ABCC8. Un 20% de los pacientes requirieron pancreatectomía. En todos los pacientes se objetivó un valor de insulina ≥6,81 µUI/mL en el momento del diagnóstico. La incidencia de HC en Gran Canaria es elevada.

Las poblaciones de razas bovinas criollas son valiosos reservorios de diversidad y esta es importante para la formación y diferenciación de las razas. Las poblaciones aisladas son de gran interés porque las frecuencias génicas dependen del ambiente en que se desenvuelven, ya que el aislamiento les ha impedido tener intercambio genético con otras poblaciones. El objetivo de la investigación fue realizar el estudio de la herencia del color del pelaje en el ganado criollo Romosinuano, a partir de la población de animales pertenecientes al hato de conservación del Centro de Investigación Turipaná, Cereté, Córdoba, Colombia. El color se determinó con la ayuda de los parámetros zootécnicos para la raza. Se aplicaron bases de la genética Mendeliana para el estudio de la herencia del color de la capa del ganado criollo Romosinuano respecto a los fenotipos bayo, hosco, rojo cereza y mono, a partir de la población compuesta por 325 ejemplares pertenecientes al hato de conservación de dicha raza. Se encontró que el 49% eran de color bayo, el 25% hosco, 15% rojo cereza y 11% mono y se concluyó que el tipo de acción génica que gobierna la herencia del color del pelo en la raza Romosinuano es de alelos múltiples; siendo el grado de dominancia de los fenotipos: bayo > hosco > rojo cereza > mono., Populations of creole bovine breeds are valuable reservoirs of diversity and this is important feature for the formation and differentiation of breeds. Isolated populations are of great interest because gene frequencies depend on the environment in which they operate, since isolation has prevented them from having genetic exchange with other populations. The objective of the research was to carry out the study of the inheritance of the color of the coat in the Romosinuano creole cattle, from a sample population of animals belonging to the herd of conservation of this breed. The color was determined with the help of the zootechnical parameters of the breed. Bases of Mendelian genetics were applied for the study of the inheritance of the color of the layer of the Romosinuano creole cattle with respect to the bayo, hosco, rojo cereza and mono phenotypes, from a population of 325 specimens belonging to the conservation and preservation herd of this breed. It was found that 49% were bayo color, 25% hosco, 15% cherry red and 11% > mono and it was concluded that the type of gene action that governs the inheritance of hair color in the Romosinuano breed is multiple alleles; being the degree of dominance of the phenotypes: bayo > hosco > cherry red > mono

Given the lack of knowledge around the family role of grandfatherhood, a study was conducted about the activities shared between a group of grandparents with their grandchildren, before and during the Covid-19 lockdown. This study of 110 grandfathers (mean age 73.6) included participants’ sociodemographic profile; their satisfaction with five different types of activities shared with their grandchildren, both on their own and with their spouses; and their general views of the grandparenting role. Data were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric inferential methods (Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, chi square, and correlations). Data showed that participants, who were mostly married and retired, showed three satisfaction levels with their grandchildren: high for family celebrations, average for activities involving play and sociocultural transmission, and low for housework and academic/intellectual activities. Participants’ age, marital status, health status, and education, as well as the age and number of grandchildren, were associated with these satisfaction levels. Most participants favored the formal grandparenting role, and marital status, health status, education, and grandchildren’s age and sex were associated with their views of grandparenting roles. Physical contact during the Covid-19 lockdown dropped by 72.7%. We concluded that activities shared between grandfathers and grandchildren and views on the grandparenting role are influenced by the sociodemographic variables of both. These results need to be expanded with more research., Dado el escaso conocimiento del rol familiar de abuelidad masculina se estudia las actividades compartidas entre un grupo de abuelos y sus nietos, antes y durante el confinamiento por la Covid-19. Participaron 110 voluntarios (media 73.6 años), para analizar su perfil sociodemográfico; la satisfacción en cinco tipos de actividades con sus nietos, solos y con cónyuge; y su opinión general del rol de abuelidad. Se analizaron los datos con pruebas descriptivas e inferenciales no paramétricas (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, chi cuadrado, y correlaciones). Los datos mostraron un perfil de grandfathers casados y jubilados, con tres niveles de satisfacción con sus nietos: alta en actividades sobre celebraciones en familia, media en lúdicas y de transmisión sociocultural, y baja en las de tipo doméstico instrumental y académico-intelectual. Su edad, estado civil, salud, nivel educativo y el número y edad de sus grandchildren aparecieron relacionadas con esa satisfacción. Se mostraron mayoritariamente a favor del rol formal de abuelidad y su estado civil, salud, nivel educativo, la edad y el sexo de sus nietos aparecieron relacionadas con esos roles de abuelidad. El contacto físico durante la Covid-19 disminuyó un 72,7%. Se concluye que las actividades compartidas por los abuelos varones con sus nietos y la opinión sobre este rol están influidas por las variables sociodemográficas de ambos. Se necesita ampliar con más investigación estos resultados.

Given the lack of knowledge around the family role of grandfatherhood, a study was conducted about the activities shared between a group of grandparents with their grandchildren, before and during the Covid-19 lockdown. This study of 110 grandfathers (mean age 73.6) included participants’ sociodemographic profile; their satisfaction with five different types of activities shared with their grandchildren, both on their own and with their spouses; and their general views of the grandparenting role. Data were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric inferential methods (Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, chi square, and correlations). Data showed that participants, who were mostly married and retired, showed three satisfaction levels with their grandchildren: high for family celebrations, average for activities involving play and sociocultural transmission, and low for housework and academic/intellectual activities. Participants’ age, marital status, health status, and education, as well as the age and number of grandchildren, were associated with these satisfaction levels. Most participants favored the formal grandparenting role, and marital status, health status, education, and grandchildren’s age and sex were associated with their views of grandparenting roles. Physical contact during the Covid-19 lockdown dropped by 72.7%. We concluded that activities shared between grandfathers and grandchildren and views on the grandparenting role are influenced by the sociodemographic variables of both. These results need to be expanded with more research.

Se estimaron la heredabilidad y las tendencias genéticas para los caracteres de peso al nacimiento, al destete y a los 16 meses de edad de bovinos criollos colombianos Romosinuano, con el fin de identificar la variabilidad genética de los tres caracteres. Se utilizaron 4032 registros provenientes de 5616 animales incluidos padres, madres y descendientes, obtenidos en el periodo comprendido entre los años 1943 al 2018 en el Centro de Investigación Turipaná. Se ajustaron seis modelos animales mixtos para cada carácter, mediante el análisis univariado. Los modelos incluyeron el grupo contemporáneo y el número de parto como efectos fijos, y como efectos aleatorios el efecto del animal, el efecto materno y el efecto del ambiente materno permanente, obteniendo a partir de las estimativas de heredabilidad de los caracteres analizados. Las tendencias genéticas fueron estimadas mediante regresión lineal simple del promedio de los valores genéticos sobre el año de nacimiento de los bovinos. Las estimaciones de heredabilidad para efectos directos fueron mayores a los valores de heredabilidad materna, mientras que la heredabilidad total para el peso al nacimiento, al destete y a los 16 meses, fueron igual a 0,17 ± 0,03, 0,09 ± 0,02 y 0,06 ± 0,03 respectivamente, lo que indica que gran parte de la variación de los pesos en las tres edades se debe a factores ambientales más no a diferencias genéticas entre los individuos analizados. Las tendencias genéticas presentaron coeficientes de regresión tanto positivos como negativos y cercanos a cero, lo que indica la conservación de la variabilidad genética en la raza Romosinuano y deja manifiesto que para mejorar los caracteres de crecimiento se deben modificar factores asociados al año y época que están fuera del alcance de este estudio y son de gran importancia al momento de hacer un programa de mejoramiento genético utilizando esta raza criolla.

espanolEl jesuita Jose de Anchieta, conocido como “Apostol del Brasil”, nacio y fue bautizado en La Laguna (Tenerife) en 1534. En el rocambolesco acercamiento bibliografico a su partida de bautismo unos han leido el nombre de su segundo padrino como don Alonso y otros como don'Alonso, lo que ha suscitado cierta controversia. Ahora intentamos dilucidar esta cuestion decantandonos por la segunda lectura, e identificamos este personaje por vez primera como dona Beatriz de Norona, esposa del tercer adelantado de las islas de Canaria. EnglishThe Jesuit Jose de Anchieta, known as the Apostle of Brazil, was born and baptised in La Laguna (Tenerife) in 1534. In the bizarre bib- liographical approach to his baptism certificate, some have read the name of his second godparent as Don Alonso and others as Don'Alonso, which has aroused some controversy. We now set out to elucidate this question by opting for the second reading, and we iden- tify this character for the first time as Dona Beatriz de Norona, wife of the third adelantado of the Canary Islands

espanolSe publica un conjunto de trece datas de repartimiento ineditas de la isla de Gran Canaria a traves de un traslado presentado en su momento ante el tribunal del Santo Oficio de Canarias, en cuyos fondos se ha conservado, habiendo desaparecido sus correspondientes originales. EnglishA set of thirteen unpublished datas of the repartimiento of the island of Gran is published through a transfer presented at the time before the court of the Santo Oficio of the Canary Islands, in whose funds it has been preserved, having disappeared its corresponding originals.

Background: Chronic pain secondary to treatment in cancer survivors without tumor evidence is not unusual. Its management often requires specific approaches that are different from those applied fo...

Introducción: Los análisis de redes sociales (ARS) son útiles para identificar la proximidad entre actores y el grado de conocimiento entre ellos. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un ARS de la red de conocimiento en salud pública (RCSP) del Observatorio Nacional de Salud. Materiales y métodos: Se recolectaron 78 documentos técnicos de los actores de la red durante el periodo 2015-2019, los cuales fueron analizados empleando técnicas de minería de texto mediante el lenguaje de programación R, a partir de redes dirigidas y analizando indicadores de densidad, diámetro, distancia, centralidad de grado y centralidad de grado de entrada (CGE). Resultados: El análisis de interacciones indicó que los actores que conformaban la RCSP mostraron mayor interés en la evaluación de políticas públicas (82 nodos) y enfermedades no transmisibles (79 nodos). En estas categorías se presentaron densidades bajas, indicando que hay una baja conectividad entre actores. Las CGE de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) fueron superiores a los actores nacionales. Conclusiones: el ARS a partir de la minería de texto de producciones documentales, permitió identificar interacciones entre los actores en todas las categorías analizadas, mostrando mayor interacción en cuanto a evaluación e implementación de política y dimensiones del Plan Decenal de Salud Pública (PDSP) asociadas a una alta mortalidad.

Chemotherapeutics are pharmaceutical compounds the occurrence of which in the environment is of growing concern because of the increase in treatments against cancer diseases. They can reach the aquatic ecosystems after passing through wastewater treatment plants without complete removal. One of the most frequently used chemotherapeutics is 5-fluorouracil which exhibits a strong cytostatic effect. In this paper, an analytical methodology was developed, validated, and applied to determine 5-fluorouracil, its precursor, 5-fluorocytosine, and its major active metabolite, 5-fluorouridine, in hospital wastewater samples. Due to the expected low concentrations after dilution and interferences present in such a complex matrix, a very selective and sensitive detection method is required. Moreover, an extraction method must be implemented prior to the determination in order to purify the sample extract and preconcentrate the target analytes at micrograms per liter concentration levels. Solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was the combination of choice and all included parameters were studied. Under optimized conditions for wastewater samples analysis, recoveries from 63 to 108% were obtained, while intraday and interday relative standard deviations never exceeded 20 and 25%, respectively. Limits of detection between 61 and 620 ng/L were achieved. Finally, the optimized method was applied to samples from hospital wastewater effluents.

Greig Cephalopolysyndactyly Syndrome (GCPS) is a very rare multiple congenital anomaly with an estimated incidence of 1-9:1,000,000 in newborns with principal findings of macrocephaly, ocular hypertelorism, and polysyndactyly (preaxial or mixed preaxial and postaxial). Very few cases of prenatal diagnoses have been reported. The postnatal diagnosis is based on clinical findings and family background.

Foundation: active research is a tool that facilitates the detection of relevant diseases in the epidemiological profile.Objective: to describe the experiences in the implementation of a municipal community active research system for COVID-19. Methods: prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in the municipality of Cumanayagua, Cienfuegos province, Cuba, between March 19 and April 17, 2020. The universe was all the inhabitants (48,412) and researchers ( 627) in that period. Medical records, municipal statistics were reviewed and participatory observation was used.Results: active research structure, its basis from the family doctor-nurse's office and its form are described by interviewing the residents in their homes. A total of 627 researchers, mainly health professionals (43.38%) and medical students (33.33%), evaluated daily up to 88.88% of all residents and 95.28% of all homes dispensed in the territory. The research system allowed detecting 97, 08% of the acute respiratory infections diagnosed in the municipality.Conclusions: massive community active research carried out by the basic health team, medical sciences students and professionals from various sectors, has allowed: access to all the communities, daily research of the majority of the inhabitants and respiratory infection accuracy incidence in the municipality. The implemented system was properly articulated to the family physician-nurse program at the primary care level.

The present work is based on an intervention proposal of Emotional Intelligence in the first cycle of Compulsory Secondary Education. After justifying the chosen topic, a review of the concepts related to Emotional Intelligence and the benefits of their development in the first stage of adolescence are analyzed. In addition, the importance of the figure of the teaching staff in charge of applying the proposal is valued. Throughout the following pages, the program is located in the Tutorial Action Plan during the first trimester of the first year of secondary school. The contents are based on the emotional competence model of Bisquerra and Pérez (2007) and use active and participative methodologies that promote teamwork, reflection, self-reflection and group cohesion. This proposal aims to demonstrate how easy it is to apply an Emotional Intelligence program without many resources. A program that promotes the work of emotional competences in secondary school classrooms, because adolescence is a stage characterized by a great richness and depth of emotional life. El presente trabajo se basa en una propuesta de intervención de Inteligencia Emocional en el primer ciclo de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Tras justificar el tema elegido, se realiza una revisión de los conceptos relacionados con la Inteligencia Emocional y se analizan los beneficios de su desarrollo en la primera etapa de la adolescencia. Además, se valora la importancia de la figura del profesorado encargado de aplicar la propuesta. A lo largo de las siguientes páginas, se presenta un programa ubicado en el Plan de Acción Tutorial durante el primer trimestre del primer curso de la secundaria. Se abordan contenidos basados en el modelo competencial emocional de Bisquerra y Pérez (2007) y se utilizan metodologías activas y participativas que promueven el trabajo en equipo, la reflexión, la autorreflexión y la cohesión de grupo. Esta propuesta pretende demostrar lo fácil que resulta aplicar un programa sobre Inteligencia Emocional sin necesidad de grandes recursos. Un programa donde se promueva el trabajo de las competencias emocionales en las aulas de secundaria, siendo la adolescencia una etapa caracterizada por una gran riqueza y profundidad de la vida emocional.

Marine environment pollution has increased in recent decades as a result of anthropogenic activities. Macrophytes can assimilate the compounds dissolved in the water and respond to changes in surround conditions, for that, they can be used as bioindicators of pollution in aquatic environments. Currently organic ultraviolet (UV) filters have shown ever-increasing in pollution levels in marine ecosystems. The anthropogenic pollution produced by eight organic ultraviolet (UV) filters in coastal macrophytes was studied. A microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was applied to 76 macrophyte (seaweeds and seagrass) samples from three different beaches on the Gran Canaria Island (Spain), collected for 6 months. All studied UV filters were found with different detection frequencies from 16% to 100% in macrophyte samples. Octocrylene (OC) was detected in all the analysed samples throughout the sampling period. The highest concentration, 19,369 ng·g

Objetivo: Conocer el enfoque actual de la Fisioterapia en el tratamiento de la Fibromialgia, mediante una revisión bibliográfica y posterior elaboración y aplicación de un programa de ejercicio terapéutico. Métodos: En una primera fase se procede a realizar una revisión bibliográfica en distintas bases de datos como PuntoQ, WOS, Scopus o Elsevier y motores de búsqueda como Pubmed, incluyendo ensayos clínicos, ensayos controlados, metaanálisis y revisiones sistemáticas. En una segunda fase se elabora un protocolo de ejercicio terapéutico aplicado en una paciente afectada por fibromialgia. Resultados: En la revisión se seleccionaron 12 artículos en las que se valoraban distintas modalidades de ejercicio terapéutico. Mediante dos valoraciones separadas en 6 semanas, se observa una mejora en cuanto al estado general de salud y ABDV. Conclusiones: El ejercicio terapéutico se establece como uno de los tratamientos de preferencia en el ámbito de la Fisioterapia, siendo un método eficaz para la disminución de los síntomas y mejora de la calidad de vida. Aim: To know the current approach of physiotherapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia, through a literature review and subsequent development and implementation of a therapeutic exercise program. Methods: In the first phase, a bibliographic review is carried out in different databases such as PuntoQ, WOS, Scopus or Elsevier and search engines such as Pubmed, including clinical trials, controlled trials, meta-analysis and systematic reviews. In a second phase, a therapeutic exercise protocol applied to a patient affected by fibromyalgia was elaborated. Results: In the review, 12 articles were selected in which different therapeutic exercise modalities were evaluated. By means of two assessments separated in 6 weeks, an improvement in terms of general health status and ABDV is observed. Conclusions: Therapeutic exercise is established as one of the treatments of preference in the field of Physiotherapy, being an effective method for the reduction of symptoms and improvement of quality of life.

El efecto del viento sobre la superficie del mar y su oleaje cerca de la costa provoca la formación de un aerosol con un contenido de cloruros y sales que depende de su velocidad. Este aerosol penetra por la red de poros pudiendo provocar la corrosión de la armadura lo que ha sido estudiado en probetas de hormigón situadas al menos en dos atmósferas de Brasil. No existen en cambio estudios similares en España. En el presente trabajo se comunican los contenidos de cloruros que se han recogido con el método de la vela húmeda en cinco estaciones colocadas en diversos emplazamientos de la Isla de Tenerife en España.

Los variados elementos de la arquitectura troglodita de la isla de La Palma se han ido abandonando gradualmente por sus usuarios en busca de unas mejores condiciones de vida. La falta de uso, el aislamiento geográfico, las elevadas pendientes de los caminos de acceso, así como la escasa protección de estos ante los desprendimientos del terreno han propiciado que no se realicen las debidas tareas de mantenimiento y, por tanto, el estado de conservación es deficiente. Ante la inevitable degradación que presenta la arquitectura excavada de la Isla se plantea la necesidad de revitalizar dicho Patrimonio Cultural mediante la incorporación de nuevos usos que sean compatibles con estos espacios excavados con la finalidad de devolverles algunos de los valores que han perdido con el paso del tiempo y para que puedan convertirse en un reclamo tanto para los lugareños como para los visitantes. Por lo tanto, es necesario encontrar un equilibrio entre el aprovechamiento social y económico incorporando medidas orientadas a la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas que nos permitan recuperar un modo de vida sostenible y compatible con la naturaleza aprovechando los recursos naturales presentes en cada localidad., The exponents of the troglodyte architecture of La Palma Island have been gradually abandoned by their users because they usually want to life in better conditions. The lack of use, the geographic isolation, the steep slopes of the access roads, as well as the scarce protection of it against landslides have led to the failure to carry out the proper maintenance tasks and, therefore, the state of conservation is poor. Faced with the inevitable degradation that the excavated architecture of the Island presents, there is the need to revitalize that Cultural Heritage by incorporating new uses compatible with these excavated spaces in order to restore some of the values lost with the pass of the time. That is why, it is necessary to find a balance between social and economic use by incorporating measures aimed at improving the quality of life of people that allow us to recover a sustainable way of life compatible with nature, taking advantage of the natural resources present in each location.

Sin financiación No data 2021 UEM

Objetivo. Estimar la heredabilidad y las correlaciones de la para tres caracteres relacionados con el crecimiento en bovinos criollos Romosinuano, y construir un índice de selección (IS). Materiales y métodos. Se analizó una base de datos conformada por 4079 registros de peso al nacimiento (PN), al destete (PD) y a los 16 meses de edad (P16m), obtenidos en el periodo 1943 – 2018, proveniente del hato del centro de investigación Turipaná. Se estimaron tanto los valores de heredabilidad para cada carácter como sus correlaciones, mediante el modelo animal multivariado; los valores genéticos (VG) y su relación usando el análisis de componentes principales. Resultados. Las correlaciones genéticas entre PN y PD, PN y P16m, y PD y P16m fueron de magnitud moderada a alta y positivas, lo que indica una asociación genética favorable entre estos caracteres. Los VG estandarizados para PN, PD y P16m exhibieron una alta asociación con el primer componente principal. Las estimaciones de heredabilidad total para PN, PD y P16m fueron igual a 0.18 ± 0.04, 0.16 ± 0.04 y 0.13 ± 0.04, respectivamente. Conclusión. Los caracteres PN, PD y P16m responderán lentamente a la selección, sin embargo, podría mejorarse mediante la construcción de IS basados en los componentes principales.

Background Cryptococcosis is a generally systemic and potentially lethal fungal infection. Although HIV infection is a predisposing condition, especially if the CD4+ lymphocyte count is less than 100 cells/mm3, other forms of immunosuppression may be associated with this opportunistic fungal condition, such as prolonged steroid therapy or solid organ transplantation. Pulmonary presentation must be included in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia or pulmonary neoplasia in the immunosuppressed patient. Case report We report a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in a non-diagnosed HIV patient. In a 44 year-old male suffering from dyspnea and chest pain the image of a pulmonary nodule was observed in a radiological finding. In the histopathological study, intracellular structures suggestive of fungal conidia, and morphologically compatible with Cryptococcus, were observed. HIV serology and cryptococcal antigen detection in serum were requested, given the possibility of cryptococcosis. Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii was isolated from the culture of the pulmonary biopsy. The patient was finally diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis and HIV-1 infection. With a proper antifungal treatment the patient evolved satisfactorily. Conclusions The best strategy to avoid opportunistic infections such as cryptococcosis in HIV-infected patients consists of an early diagnosis and a highly active antiretroviral treatment. In our case, the diagnosis of a pulmonary infection by C. neoformans var. grubii allowed a late diagnosis of HIV-1 infection.

Benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVSs) are emerging contaminants that are widely used in personal care products, such as cosmetics and sunscreens, to absorb ultraviolet light. These compounds have been described as bioaccumulative, pseudo-persistent and toxic; therefore, it is of great importance to investigate them and determine their presence and distribution in the environment. In this research, we performed a two-year monitoring study to identify six BUVS compounds (UV-P, UV-326, UV-327, UV-328, UV-329 and UV-360) in different environmental compartments from Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain): influent and effluent from five wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and seawater and sediment samples from three marine areas influenced by sewage outfalls discharges from WWTPs. Two methods based on on-line solid-phase extraction and microwave-assisted extraction coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection were applied to quantify the analytes in liquid and solid samples, respectively. The target BUVSs were measured in sewage, coastal seawater and sediment samples in concentrations in the ranges of 13.12–1933 ng L−1, 67.01–2419 ng L−1 and 4.42–2162 ng kg−1 dry weight, respectively. The studied compounds exhibited different trends of occurrence in aqueous and solid samples due to their different coefficients of hydrophobicity. The majority of the positive samples belonged to the most touristic sampling location of the island. The estimated hazard quotient, HQ, revealed no risk from the target compounds at the measured concentrations levels.

Waste stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands (CWs) are effective at eliminating pharmaceutical residues, but removals are not usually complete. Their combination is regarded as an efficient, robust wastewater treatment method, but their efficiency in the removal of pharmaceuticals and the effect of a mild effluent recirculation has not been sufficiently studied in full-scale systems. Effluent recirculation can help to improve performance by increasing hydraulic residence time and, eventually, dissolved oxygen concentration. In this work, the presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater from a university campus, their removal in a macrophyte pond–CW system, and the effect of effluent recirculation on removal and ecological risk were evaluated. Stimulants (caffeine and nicotine) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (naproxen and ibuprofen) were the most detected compounds in the influent and showed the highest concentrations, ranging from 0.5 to 300 µg·L−1. The pond–CW combination showed notable elimination for these compounds, achieving 87% on average. The ecological risk was also reduced by between 5.5 and 12.4 times, but it was still over values that indicates high ecological risk, mainly because of the concentrations of nicotine and ibuprofen. The effect of effluent recirculation was not as high as expected since the removals of caffeine, paraxanthine and naproxen were significantly improved, but those of atenolol and ibuprofen were lower. These results suggest that a higher recirculation ratio should be tested.

Ergotism is an uncommon condition that affects patients with exposure to ergot alkaloids causing ischemia of extremities. We report the case of lower extremities ischemia caused by ergot toxicity in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive individual due to the interaction between ergot alkaloid and Cobicistat. In addition, we present a brief review of medical, and pharmacological aspects of this condition. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case describing this interaction.

El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la repetibilidad del intervalo entre partos y establecer la relación con diferentes caracteres de eficiencia reproductiva de hembras Romosinuano. Una base de datos con 3.112 registros útiles de 871 hembras, colectados en el periodo 1936-2016, y provenientes del hato de conservación del Sistema de Bancos de Germoplasma de la Nación para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, del centro de investigación Turipaná, fue analizada. El modelo empleado para calcular los componentes de varianza necesarios para estimar el valor de repetibilidad del intervalo entre partos consistió en un modelo animal de medidas repetidas en el tiempo. Los componentes de varianza fueron estimados usando paquete rptR del software R, especializado en el análisis estadístico de datos. Con base en el valor estimado de la repetibilidad, se calculó y correlacionó el valor genético y la capacidad más probable de producción para cada hembra. Los valores promedio estimados del intervalo entre partos, la repetibilidad, la eficiencia reproductiva y la correlación entre el valor genético y la capacidad más probable de producción fueron 379,74 ± 47,74 días, 0,02 ± 0,01, 96 % y 93,7 %, respectivamente. La repetibilidad estimada para el intervalo entre partos fue baja, lo que demuestra también una baja correlación entre los intervalos de las hembras del hato analizado. La alta eficiencia reproductiva de la raza Romosinuano indica una gran adaptación al medio ambiente y la perfila como una oportunidad de mejora reproductiva del hato nacional mediante cruzamiento con otras razas. Ganadería bovina

(1) Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) decreases the quality of life of patients and can lead to a dose reduction and/or the interruption of chemotherapy treatment, limiting its effectiveness. Potential pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of CIPN include chronic oxidative stress and subsequent increase in free radicals and proinflammatory cytokines. Approaches for the treatment of CIPN are highly limited in their number and efficacy, although several antioxidant-based therapies have been tried. On the other hand, ozone therapy can induce an adaptive antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response, which could be potentially useful in the management of CIPN. (2) Methods: The aims of this works are: (a) to summarize the potential mechanisms that could induce CIPN by the most relevant drugs (platinum, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, and bortezomib), with particular focus on the role of oxidative stress; (b) to summarize the current situation of prophylactic and treatment approaches; (c) to describe the action mechanisms of ozone therapy to modify oxidative stress and inflammation with its potential repercussions for CIPN; (d) to describe related experimental and clinical reports with ozone therapy in chemo-induced neurologic symptoms and CIPN; and (e) to show the main details about an ongoing focused clinical trial. (3) Results: A wide background relating to the mechanisms of action and a small number of experimental and clinical reports suggest that ozone therapy could be useful to prevent or improve CIPN. (4) Conclusions: Currently, there are no clinically relevant approaches for the prevention and treatment of stablished CIPN. The potential role of ozone therapy in this syndrome merits further research. Randomized controlled trials are ongoing.

Hormones in edible matrices, such as milk, are a subject of concern because of their adverse effects on the endocrine system and cell signaling and the consequent disruption of homeostasis in human consumers. Therefore, the assessment of the presence of hormones in milk as potential endocrine-disrupting compounds is warranted. However, the complexity of milk as a sample matrix and the ultra-low concentration of hormones pose significant analytical challenges. Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) has emerged as a powerful analytical technique for the extraction of emerging pollutants from complex aqueous matrices. FPSE allows for substantially simplified sample handling and short extraction and desorption times, as well as the decreased use of organic solvents. It is considered a green alternative to traditional extraction methodologies. In this work, the FPSE technique was evaluated to perform the simultaneous extraction of 15 steroid hormones from raw milk without employing any sample pretreatment steps. Clean and preconcentrated hormone solutions obtained from FPSE of raw milk were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to achieve low detection limits, which ranged from 0.047 to 1.242 ng·mL−1. Because of the presence of many interferents in milk, such as proteins, lipids, and sugar, the effect of fat content on the extraction procedure was also thoroughly studied. Additionally, for the first time, the effect of lactose on the extraction of steroid hormones was evaluated, and the results showed that the extraction efficiencies were enhanced in lactose-free samples. Finally, the optimized methodology was applied to commercial samples of cow and goat milk, and no measurable concentrations of the studied hormones were detected in these samples.

Live attenuated C-strain classical swine fever vaccines provide early onset protection. These vaccines confer effective protection against the disease at 5–7 days post-vaccination. It was previously reported that intramuscular administration of the Porvac® vaccine protects against highly virulent classical swine fever virus (CSFV) “Margarita” strain as early as seven days post-vaccination. In order to identify how rapidly protection against CSFV is conferred after a single dose of the Porvac® subunit vaccine E2-CD154, 15 swine, vaccinated with a single dose of Porvac®, were challenged intranasally at five, three, and one day post-vaccination with 2 x 103 LD50 of the highly pathogenic Cuban “Margarita” strain of the classical swine fever virus. Another five animals were the negative control of the experiment. The results provided clinical and virological data confirming protection at five days post-vaccination. Classical swine fever (CSF)-specific IFNγ T cell responses were detected in vaccinated animals but not detected in unvaccinated control animals. These results provided the first data that a subunit protein vaccine demonstrates clinical and viral protection at five days post-vaccination, as modified live vaccines.

Presentamos la unidad didáctica Perspectiva isométrica. Esta propuesta fue diseñada por el grupo dos de la octava cohorte de la Maestría en Educación Matemática de la Universidad de los Andes. La unidad didáctica está diseñada para estudiantes de grado sexto de educación básica, con edades entre los 10 y 14 años. El propósito de esta unidad didáctica es contribuir a los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las representaciones bidimensionales de formas tridimensionales y a la superación de dificultades relacionadas con el tema. Nuestra unidad didáctica contribuye a que los estudiantes sean capaces de representar elementos de su entorno y de interpretar las características de las representaciones de sólidos en perspectiva al interactuar con ellos. We present a didactic unit called, isometric perspective. This proposal was designed by the second group of eight cohort of the Master in Mathematics Education, at the Universidad de los Andes. This didactic unit is made for sixth grade students of high school. Their ages are between ten and fourteen years old. The purpose of this didactic unit is to contribute to teaching and learning processes of two-dimensional representations of three-dimensional shapes and to overcoming difficulties related to the topic. Our didactic unit helps students to be able to represent elements of their environment and to understand the characteristics of representations of solids in perspective when interacting with them. Magíster en Educación Matemática Maestría

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar el valor de heredabilidad del carácter intervalo entre partos en una población de 2.112 vacas Romosinuano, y determinar los factores responsables de la variación de este carácter mediante el modelo lineal mixto generalizado. Se analizaron 7.560 registros de intervalo entre partos en el periodo 1936-2016. La media del intervalo entre partos fue de 379,74 ± 49,22 días (CV = 12,96 %) y las clases mes de parto, número de intervalo entre partos y año de parto tuvieron un efecto estadísticamente significativo sobre este carácter. Los menores intervalos entre partos ocurrieron entre abril y junio (367,12 ± 46,06 días), en vacas de cuarto y quinto parto (373,93 ± 46,93 días), y entre los años 1956 y 1965 (370,48 ± 50,55 días). Los mayores valores se presentaron entre octubre y diciembre (388,92 ± 57,96 días) en vacas de segundo (389,70 ± 49,38 días) y tercer intervalo entre partos (382,18 ± 51,19 días) cuyo parto ocurrió en el periodo 1946-1955 (387,69 ± 56,75 días). La heredabilidad de este carácter fue de 0,0001 ± 0,002. Se concluye que la raza Romosinuano tiene eficiencia reproductiva; sin embargo, dada la baja heredabilidad del intervalo entre partos, la selección por este carácter tendrá un impacto relativamente bajo debido al efecto de factores ambientales sobre su variación. El modelo lineal mixto generalizado es una herramienta que permite este tipo de estudios. Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability value of the character interval between births in a population of 2112 Romosinuano cows, and to determine the factors responsible for the variation of this character through the generalized mixed linear model. The 7560 records of interval between birth from 1936 to 2016 were analyzed. The mean interval between births was 379.74 ± 49.22 days (CV = 12.96%); the classes month of birth, number of intervals between births and year of birth had a statistically significant effect on this character. The lowest intervals between births occurred between April and June (367.12 ± 46.06 days); cows of the fourth-fifth birds (373.93 ± 46.93 days), and between 1956 and 1965 (370.48 ± 50.55 days). The highest values of the interval between births were presented between October and December (388.92 ± 57.96 days), in cows of a second and third birth (389.70 ± 49.38 days), third and four intervals between births (382.18 ± 51.19 days) and cows whose birth occurred in the period 1946-1955 (387.69 ± 56.75 days). The estimated heritability for this character was low (0.0001 ± 0.002). It a concluded that the Romosinuano breed is reproductively efficient, however, given its low heritability, the selection for this character will have a relatively low effect due to the wide effect of environmental factors on its variation, and the generalized mixed linear model is a tool that allows this type of studies.

The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in the whole environment is a growing concern. These compounds might be present in the effluents of wastewater treatment plants and, hence, irrigation with treated sewage may be a source of groundwater pollution. The volcanic aquifer that lies NE of Gran Canaria (Spain) was studied to address the relationship of the occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds and a golf course that has been irrigated with regenerated water since 1973. Of the 14 analyzed groundwater samples, five wells were chosen to perform annual monitoring. Irrigation water and soil leachate were also evaluated. The target analytes were atenolol, metamizole, fluoxetine, ibuprofen, nicotine, permethrin, caffeine, and their metabolite paraxanthine. The environmental risk is limited as the concentrations of the pharmaceuticals measured in the sampled wells were always below 60 ng&middot, L&minus, 1 (lower than the detected caffeine and nicotine concentrations). Wide variations for the same wells were measured among sampling campaigns, and also among the different wells. The study points to the importance of sample conservation during transport and the need to perform analyses immediately, or to follow an in-situ extraction procedure to carry concentrated samples under better conditions.

Este manual presenta los principales resultados de investigación de manejo nutricional para ganaderías de levante y ceba del Caribe húmedo colombiano, basado en el manejo de las pasturas y la suplementación estratégica en pastoreo, los cuales muestran un mejoramiento de indicadores productivos como la ganancia diaria de peso, la edad y peso al sacrificio, el rendimiento en canal y la calidad de la carne. El documento se propone como instrumento de capacitación del sector primario de la cadena cárnica regional, con el fin de contribuir al cambio técnico y aumentar los ingresos de los productores, mediante una producción más estable que les permita acceder a mejores mercados. De manera simultánea, se pretende favorecer el eslabón de comercialización, que tendrá a disposición bovinos con características óptimas de la canal y la carne para las plantas de sacrificio en el mercado regional y de exportación.