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1. Dark Matter-Induced Stellar Oscillations

Author

Sakstein, Jeremy and Saltas, Ippocratis D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

It has been hypothesized that dark matter is comprised of ultra-light bosons whose collective phenomena can be described as a scalar field undergoing coherent oscillations. Examples include axion and fuzzy dark matter models. In this ultra-light dark matter scenario, the harmonic variation in the field's energy-momentum tensor sources an oscillating component of the gravitational potential that we show can resonantly-excite stellar oscillations. A mathematical framework for predicting the amplitude of these oscillations is developed, which reveals that ultra-light dark matter predominantly excites p-modes of degree $l=1$. An investigation of resonantly-excited solar oscillations is presented, from which we conclude that dark matter-induced oscillations of the Sun are likely undetectable. We discuss prospects for constraining ultra-light dark matter using other stellar objects., 5 pages, no figures. Comments welcome. A reproduction package for our numerical analysis is available here: https://zenodo.org/record/7894030

Published
2023

2. A Sun-like star orbiting a boson star

Author

Pombo, Alexandre M. and Saltas, Ippocratis D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

The high-precision astrometric mission GAIA recently reported the remarkable discovery of a Sun-like star closely orbiting a dark object, with a semi-major axis and period of $1.4\, \rm{AU}$ and $187.8$ days respectively. While the plausible expectation for the central dark object is a black hole, the evolutionary mechanism leading to the formation of such a two-body system is highly challenging. Here, we challenge the scenario of a central black hole and show that the observed orbital dynamics can be explained under fairly general assumptions if the central dark object is a stable clump of bosonic particles of spin-0, or spin-1, known as a boson star. We further explain how future astrometric measurements of similar systems will provide an exciting opportunity to probe the fundamental nature of compact objects and test compact alternatives to black holes., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Comments are very welcome

Published
2023
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3. Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map

Author

Alonso, Iván, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Altschul, Brett, Araújo, Henrique, Arduini, Gianluigi, Arlt, Jan, Badurina, Leonardo, Balaž, Antun, Bandarupally, Satvika, Barish, Barry C., Barone, Michele, Barsanti, Michele, Bass, Steven, Bassi, Angelo, Battelier, Baptiste, Baynham, Charles F. A., Beaufils, Quentin, Belić, Aleksandar, Bergé, Joel, Bernabeu, Jose, Bertoldi, Andrea, Bingham, Robert, Bize, Sébastien, Blas, Diego, Bongs, Kai, Bouyer, Philippe, Braitenberg, Carla, Brand, Christian, Braxmaier, Claus, Bresson, Alexandre, Buchmueller, Oliver, Budker, Dmitry, Bugalho, Luís, Burdin, Sergey, Cacciapuoti, Luigi, Callegari, Simone, Calmet, Xavier, Calonico, Davide, Canuel, Benjamin, Caramete, Laurentiu-Ioan, Carraz, Olivier, Cassettari, Donatella, Chakraborty, Pratik, Chattopadhyay, Swapan, Chauhan, Upasna, Chen, Xuzong, Chen, Yu-Ao, Chiofalo, Maria Luisa, Coleman, Jonathon, Corgier, Robin, Cotter, J. P., Michael&nbsp, Cruise, A., Cui, Yanou, Davies, Gavin, Deundefined, Roeck, Albert, Demarteau, Marcel, Derevianko, Andrei, Diundefined, Clemente, Marco, Djordjevic, Goran S., Donadi, Sandro, Doré, Olivier, Dornan, Peter, Doser, Michael, Drougakis, Giannis, Dunningham, Jacob, Easo, Sajan, Eby, Joshua, Elertas, Gedminas, Ellis, John, Evans, David, Examilioti, Pandora, Fadeev, Pavel, Fanì, Mattia, Fassi, Farida, Fattori, Marco, Fedderke, Michael A., Felea, Daniel, Feng, Chen-Hao, Ferreras, Jorge, Flack, Robert, Flambaum, Victor V., Forsberg, René, Fromhold, Mark, Gaaloul, Naceur, Garraway, Barry M., Georgousi, Maria, Geraci, Andrew, Gibble, Kurt, Gibson, Valerie, Gill, Patrick, Giudice, Gian F., Goldwin, Jon, Gould, Oliver, Grachov, Oleg, Graham, Peter W., Grasso, Dario, Griffin, Paul F., Guerlin, Christine, Gündoğan, Mustafa, Gupta, Ratnesh K., Haehnelt, Martin, Hanımeli, Ekim T., Hawkins, Leonie, Hees, Aurélien, Henderson, Victoria A., Herr, Waldemar, Herrmann, Sven, Hird, Thomas, Hobson, Richard, Hock, Vincent, Hogan, Jason M., Holst, Bodil, Holynski, Michael, Israelsson, Ulf, Jeglič, Peter, Jetzer, Philippe, Juzeliūnas, Gediminas, Kaltenbaek, Rainer, Kamenik, Jernej F., Kehagias, Alex, Kirova, Teodora, Kiss-Toth, Marton, Koke, Sebastian, Kolkowitz, Shimon, Kornakov, Georgy, Kovachy, Tim, Krutzik, Markus, Kumar, Mukesh, Kumar, Pradeep, Lämmerzahl, Claus, Landsberg, Greg, Leundefined, Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Leibrandt, David R., Lévèque, Thomas, Lewicki, Marek, Li, Rui, Lipniacka, Anna, Lisdat, Christian, Liu, Mia, Lopez-Gonzalez, J. L., Loriani, Sina, Louko, Jorma, Luciano, Giuseppe Gaetano, Lundblad, Nathan, Maddox, Steve, Mahmoud, M. A., Maleknejad, Azadeh, March-Russell, John, Massonnet, Didier, McCabe, Christopher, Meister, Matthias, Mežnaršič, Tadej, Micalizio, Salvatore, Migliaccio, Federica, Millington, Peter, Milosevic, Milan, Mitchell, Jeremiah, Morley, Gavin W., Müller, Jürgen, Murphy, Eamonn, Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E., O’Shea, Val, Oi, Daniel K. L., Olson, Judith, Pal, Debapriya, Papazoglou, Dimitris G., Pasatembou, Elizabeth, Paternostro, Mauro, Pawlowski, Krzysztof, Pelucchi, Emanuele, Pereiraundefined, dosundefined, Santos, Franck, Peters, Achim, Pikovski, Igor, Pilaftsis, Apostolos, Pinto, Alexandra, Prevedelli, Marco, Puthiya-Veettil, Vishnupriya, Quenby, John, Rafelski, Johann, Rasel, Ernst M., Ravensbergen, Cornelis, Reguzzoni, Mirko, Richaud, Andrea, Riou, Isabelle, Rothacher, Markus, Roura, Albert, Ruschhaupt, Andreas, Sabulsky, Dylan O., Safronova, Marianna, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Salvi, Leonardo, Sameed, Muhammed, Saurabh, Pandey, Schäffer, Stefan, Schiller, Stephan, Schilling, Manuel, Schkolnik, Vladimir, Schlippert, Dennis, Schmidt, Piet O., Schnatz, Harald, Schneider, Jean, Schneider, Ulrich, Schreck, Florian, Schubert, Christian, Shayeghi, Armin, Sherrill, Nathaniel, Shipsey, Ian, Signorini, Carla, Singh, Rajeev, Singh, Yeshpal, Skordis, Constantinos, Smerzi, Augusto, Sopuerta, Carlos F., Sorrentino, Fiodor, Sphicas, Paraskevas, Stadnik, Yevgeny V., Stefanescu, Petruta, Tarallo, Marco G., Tentindo, Silvia, Tino, Guglielmo M., Tinsley, Jonathan N., Tornatore, Vincenza, Treutlein, Philipp, Trombettoni, Andrea, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Tuckey, Philip, Uchida, Melissa A., Valenzuela, Tristan, Vanundefined, Denundefined, Bossche, Mathias, Vaskonen, Ville, Verma, Gunjan, Vetrano, Flavio, Vogt, Christian, vonundefined, Klitzing, Wolf, Waller, Pierre, Walser, Reinhold, Wille, Eric, Williams, Jason, Windpassinger, Patrick, Wittrock, Ulrich, Wolf, Peter, Woltmann, Marian, Wörner, Lisa, Xuereb, André, Yahia, Mohamed, Yazgan, Efe, Yu, Nan, Zahzam, Nassim, Zambriniundefined, Cruzeiro, Emmanuel, Zhan, Mingsheng, Zou, Xinhao, Zupan, Jure, Zupanič, Erik, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Alonso, Iván, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Altschul, Brett, Araújo, Henrique, Arduini, Gianluigi, Arlt, Jan, Badurina, Leonardo, Balaž, Antun, Bandarupally, Satvika, Barish, Barry C., Barone, Michele, Barsanti, Michele, Bass, Steven, Bassi, Angelo, Battelier, Baptiste, Baynham, Charles F. A., Beaufils, Quentin, Belić, Aleksandar, Bergé, Joel, Bernabeu, Jose, Bertoldi, Andrea, Bingham, Robert, Bize, Sébastien, Blas, Diego, Bongs, Kai, Bouyer, Philippe, Braitenberg, Carla, Brand, Christian, Braxmaier, Clau, Bresson, Alexandre, Buchmueller, Oliver, Budker, Dmitry, Bugalho, Luí, Burdin, Sergey, Cacciapuoti, Luigi, Callegari, Simone, Calmet, Xavier, Calonico, Davide, Canuel, Benjamin, Caramete, Laurentiu-Ioan, Carraz, Olivier, Cassettari, Donatella, Chakraborty, Pratik, Chattopadhyay, Swapan, Chauhan, Upasna, Chen, Xuzong, Chen, Yu-Ao, Chiofalo, Maria Luisa, Coleman, Jonathon, Corgier, Robin, Cotter, J. P., Michael Cruise, A., Cui, Yanou, Davies, Gavin, De Roeck, Albert, Demarteau, Marcel, Derevianko, Andrei, Di Clemente, Marco, Djordjevic, Goran S., Donadi, Sandro, Doré, Olivier, Dornan, Peter, Doser, Michael, Drougakis, Gianni, Dunningham, Jacob, Easo, Sajan, Eby, Joshua, Elertas, Gedmina, Ellis, John, Evans, David, Examilioti, Pandora, Fadeev, Pavel, Fanì, Mattia, Fassi, Farida, Fattori, Marco, Fedderke, Michael A., Felea, Daniel, Feng, Chen-Hao, Ferreras, Jorge, Flack, Robert, Flambaum, Victor V., Forsberg, René, Fromhold, Mark, Gaaloul, Naceur, Garraway, Barry M., Georgousi, Maria, Geraci, Andrew, Gibble, Kurt, Gibson, Valerie, Gill, Patrick, Giudice, Gian F., Goldwin, Jon, Gould, Oliver, Grachov, Oleg, Graham, Peter W., Grasso, Dario, Griffin, Paul F., Guerlin, Christine, Gündoğan, Mustafa, Gupta, Ratnesh K., Haehnelt, Martin, Hanımeli, Ekim T., Hawkins, Leonie, Hees, Aurélien, Henderson, Victoria A., Herr, Waldemar, Herrmann, Sven, Hird, Thoma, Hobson, Richard, Hock, Vincent, Hogan, Jason M., Holst, Bodil, Holynski, Michael, Israelsson, Ulf, Jeglič, Peter, Jetzer, Philippe, Juzeliūnas, Gedimina, Kaltenbaek, Rainer, Kamenik, Jernej F., Kehagias, Alex, Kirova, Teodora, Kiss-Toth, Marton, Koke, Sebastian, Kolkowitz, Shimon, Kornakov, Georgy, Kovachy, Tim, Krutzik, Marku, Kumar, Mukesh, Kumar, Pradeep, Lämmerzahl, Clau, Landsberg, Greg, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Leibrandt, David R., Lévèque, Thoma, Lewicki, Marek, Li, Rui, Lipniacka, Anna, Lisdat, Christian, Liu, Mia, Lopez-Gonzalez, J. L., Loriani, Sina, Louko, Jorma, Luciano, Giuseppe Gaetano, Lundblad, Nathan, Maddox, Steve, Mahmoud, M. A., Maleknejad, Azadeh, March-Russell, John, Massonnet, Didier, McCabe, Christopher, Meister, Matthia, Mežnaršič, Tadej, Micalizio, Salvatore, Migliaccio, Federica, Millington, Peter, Milosevic, Milan, Mitchell, Jeremiah, Morley, Gavin W., Müller, Jürgen, Murphy, Eamonn, Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E., O’Shea, Val, Oi, Daniel K. L., Olson, Judith, Pal, Debapriya, Papazoglou, Dimitris G., Pasatembou, Elizabeth, Paternostro, Mauro, Pawlowski, Krzysztof, Pelucchi, Emanuele, Pereira dos Santos, Franck, Peters, Achim, Pikovski, Igor, Pilaftsis, Apostolo, Pinto, Alexandra, Prevedelli, Marco, Puthiya-Veettil, Vishnupriya, Quenby, John, Rafelski, Johann, Rasel, Ernst M., Ravensbergen, Corneli, Reguzzoni, Mirko, Richaud, Andrea, Riou, Isabelle, Rothacher, Marku, Roura, Albert, Ruschhaupt, Andrea, Sabulsky, Dylan O., Safronova, Marianna, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Salvi, Leonardo, Sameed, Muhammed, Saurabh, Pandey, Schäffer, Stefan, Schiller, Stephan, Schilling, Manuel, Schkolnik, Vladimir, Schlippert, Denni, Schmidt, Piet O., Schnatz, Harald, Schneider, Jean, Schneider, Ulrich, Schreck, Florian, Schubert, Christian, Shayeghi, Armin, Sherrill, Nathaniel, Shipsey, Ian, Signorini, Carla, Singh, Rajeev, Singh, Yeshpal, Skordis, Constantino, Smerzi, Augusto, Sopuerta, Carlos F., Sorrentino, Fiodor, Sphicas, Paraskeva, Stadnik, Yevgeny V., Stefanescu, Petruta, Tarallo, Marco G., Tentindo, Silvia, Tino, Guglielmo M., Tinsley, Jonathan N., Tornatore, Vincenza, Treutlein, Philipp, Trombettoni, Andrea, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Tuckey, Philip, Uchida, Melissa A., Valenzuela, Tristan, Van Den Bossche, Mathia, Vaskonen, Ville, Verma, Gunjan, Vetrano, Flavio, Vogt, Christian, von Klitzing, Wolf, Waller, Pierre, Walser, Reinhold, Wille, Eric, Williams, Jason, Windpassinger, Patrick, Wittrock, Ulrich, Wolf, Peter, Woltmann, Marian, Wörner, Lisa, Xuereb, André, Yahia, Mohamed, Yazgan, Efe, Yu, Nan, Zahzam, Nassim, Zambrini Cruzeiro, Emmanuel, Zhan, Mingsheng, Zou, Xinhao, Zupan, Jure, Zupanič, Erik, Alonso, Iv??n, Ara??jo, Henrique, Bala??, Antun, Beli??, Aleksandar, Berg??, Joel, Bize, S??bastien, Bugalho, Lu??, Luisa Chiofalo, Maria, Michael??cruise, A., De??roeck, Albert, Di??clemente, Marco, Dor??, Olivier, Fan??, Mattia, Forsberg, Ren??, G??ndo??an, Mustafa, Haehnelt, MARTIN GERHARD OTTO, Han??meli, Ekim T., Hees, Aur??lien, Jegli??, Peter, Juzeli??nas, Gedimina, Pradeep, Kumar, L??mmerzahl, Clau, Le??Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, L??v??que, Thoma, Gaetano Luciano, Giuseppe, Mccabe, Christopher, Me??nar??i??, Tadej, M??ller, J??rgen, M??stecapl??o??lu, ??zg??r E., O???shea, Val, Pereira??dos??santos, Franck, Sch??ffer, Stefan, Van??den??bossche, Mathia, Von??klitzing, Wolf, W??rner, Lisa, Xuereb, Andr??, Zambrini??cruzeiro, Emmanuel, and Zupani??, Erik

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), gr-qc, atomic clocks, Other Fields of Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Review, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Gravity waves, physics.atom-ph, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, technology development and space qualification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Atomic Physics, Gravimeters, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), quantum gravimetry, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Climate change, Cold atoms, ddc:530, Physics::Atomic Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, atomic sensors for fundamental science, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Particle Physics - Phenomenology, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Earth observation, hep-ex, General Relativity and Cosmology, Physics, hep-ph, cold atoms, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Control and Systems Engineering, Earth (planet), Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Particle Physics - Experiment, cold atoms, inertial measurement, space, astro-ph.IM, Gravitation
Abstract

Alonso et al., We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies., We thank the CERN Quantum Technology Initiative for their support of the workshop that laid the basis for this paper.

Published
2022
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4. New calibrated models for the TRGB luminosity and a thorough analysis of theoretical uncertainties

Author

Saltas, Ippocratis D. and Tognelli, Emanuele

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The luminosity of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) is instrumental for the construction of the distance ladder, and its accurate modelling is key for determining the local Hubble parameter. In this work, we present an extensive quantitative analysis of the TRGB luminosity, accounting for virtually all input physics that affect it: chemical composition, opacity, diffusion, nuclear reaction rates, electron screening, neutrinos, convection efficiency, boundary conditions and mass loss, amongst others. Our analysis is based on a newly produced grid of $\sim 3\times 10^6$ TRGB models, evolved from pre-main sequence up to the helium ignition at the TRGB, and covering a wide range of metallicity (Z = 0.0001-0.02) and initial mass (M = 0.8-1.4 $M_{\odot}$). Through a Monte-Carlo analysis, we study the systematic variation of the TRGB luminosity due to the combined effect of all above input physics, and show that a maximum theoretical uncertainty of about $1.6 \%$ is still present on the current generation of models, dominated by systematics of radiative opacity. Results are also provided in several photometric bands. As a by-product of our analysis, we demonstrate robust evidence for the linear response of the Tip luminosity to individual changes of input physics, which can significantly simplify future analyses. A comparison of our results with other stellar evolution codes shows excellent agreement, while our grid of models is available upon reasonable requests., 17 pages, 10 figures. Comments are welcome

Published
2022

5. Searching for dark energy with the Sun

Author

Saltas, Ippocratis D. and Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), interior [Sun], Asteroseismology, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, helioseismology [Sun], Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Gravitation, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

General extensions of General Relativity (GR) based on bona fide degrees of freedom predict a fifth force which operates within massive objects, opening up an exciting opportunity to perform precision tests of gravity at stellar scales. Here, focusing on general scalar-tensor theories for dark energy, we utilize the Sun as our laboratory and search for imprints of the fifth-force effect on the solar equilibrium structure. With analytic results and numerical simulations, we explain how the different solar regions offer powerful ways to test gravity. Accounting for the delicate interplay between fifth force and solar microphysics such as opacity, diffusion, equation of state and metallicity, we demonstrate that the fifth force still leaves a sharp signature on the solar sound speed, in a region where simple estimates of input physics uncertainties become negligible. For general scalar-field extensions of GR, known as (U-)DHOST, based solely on the observational helioseismic errors, our analysis at the equilibrium level allows to place an approximate constraint on the fifth-force coupling strength of $-10^{-3} \lesssim \mathcal{Y} \lesssim 5\cdot 10^{-4}$ at $2\sigma$. This result improves previous stellar constraints by $\sim 3$ orders of magnitude, and should be confirmed and improved by future helioseismic inversions in modified gravity combined with an elaborate accounting of theoretical uncertainties. Our analysis can be applied to a wide set of theories beyond GR, and also paves the way for helioseismic analyses in this context. In this regard, we discuss how the solar radiative and convective zone can be employed as promising laboratories to test generic theories of gravity., Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures. Comments are welcome

Published
2022
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6. Modified Gravity and Cosmology: An Update by the CANTATA Network

Author

Saridakis, Emmanuel N., Lazkoz, Ruth, Salzano, Vincenzo, Vargas Moniz, Paulo, Capozziello, Salvatore, Jiménez, Jose Beltrán, de Laurentis, Mariafelicia, Olmo, Gonzalo J., Akrami, Yashar, Bahamonde, Sebastian, Blázquez-Salcedo, Jose Luis, Böhmer, Christian G., Bonvin, Camille, Bouhmadi-López, Mariam, Brax, Philippe, Calcagni, Gianluca, Casadio, Roberto, Cembranos, Jose A.R., de La Cruz-Dombriz, Alvaro, Davis, Anne-Christine, Delhom, Adrià, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dialektopoulos, Konstantinos F., Elder, Benjamin, Ezquiaga, Jose María, Frusciante, Noemi, Garattini, Remo, Gergely, László Á., Giusti, Andrea, Heisenberg, Lavinia, Hohmann, Manuel, Iosifidis, Damianos, Kazantzidis, Lavrentios, Kleihaus, Burkhard, Koivisto, Tomi S., Kunz, Jutta, Lobo, Francisco S.N., Martinelli, Matteo, Martín-Moruno, Prado, Mimoso, José Pedro, Mota, David F., Peirone, Simone, Perivolaropoulos, Leandros, Pettorino, Valeria, Pfeifer, Christian, Pizzuti, Lorenzo, Rubiera-Garcia, Diego, Levi Said, Jackson, Sakellariadou, Mairi, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Spurio Mancini, Alessio, Voicu, Nicoleta, Wojnar, Aneta, and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
background: geometry, cosmological model, [PHYS.GRQC] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], gravitation: model, perturbation, network, general relativity, review, symmetry: rotation
Abstract

General Relativity and the $\Lambda$CDM framework are currently the standard lore and constitute the concordance paradigm. Nevertheless, long-standing open theoretical issues, as well as possible new observational ones arising from the explosive development of cosmology the last two decades, offer the motivation and lead a large amount of research to be devoted in constructing various extensions and modifications. All extended theories and scenarios are first examined under the light of theoretical consistency, and then are applied to various geometrical backgrounds, such as the cosmological and the spherical symmetric ones. Their predictions at both the background and perturbation levels, and concerning cosmology at early, intermediate and late times, are then confronted with the huge amount of observational data that astrophysics and cosmology are able to offer recently. Theories, scenarios and models that successfully and efficiently pass the above steps are classified as viable and are candidates for the description of Nature. We list the recent developments in the fields of gravity and cosmology, presenting the state of the art, high-lighting the open problems, and outlining the directions of future research. Its realization is performed in the framework of the COST European Action "Cosmology and Astrophysics Network for Theoretical Advances and Training Actions".

Published
2021

7. MG-MAMPOSSt: A code to test modifications of gravity with the dynamics of galaxy clusters

Author

Pizzuti, Lorenzo, Saltas, Ippocratis D., and Amendola, Luca

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present an upgraded version of \textsc{MG-MAMPOSSt}, an extension of the \textsc{MAMPOSSt} algorithm that performs Bayesian fits of models of mass and velocity anisotropy profiles to the distribution of tracers in projected phase space, to handle modified gravity models and constrain their parameters. The new version implements two distinct types of gravity modifications, namely general chameleon and Vainshtein screening, and is further equipped with a Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain module for an efficient parameter space exploration. The program is complemented by the \textsc{ClusterGEN} code, capable of producing mock galaxy clusters under the assumption of spherical symmetry, dynamical equilibrium, and Gaussian local velocity distribution functions as in \textsc{MAMPOSSt}. We demonstrate the potential of the method by analysing a set of synthetic, isolated spherically-symmetric dark matter haloes, focusing on the statistical degeneracies between model parameters. Assuming the availability of additional lensing-like information, we forecast the constraints on the modified gravity parameters for the two models presented, as expected from joint lensing+internal kinematics analyses, in view of upcoming galaxy cluster surveys. In Vainshtein screening, we forecast the weak lensing effect through the estimation of the full convergence-shear profile. For chameleon screening, we constrain the allowed region in the space of the two free parameters of the model, further focusing on the $f(\mathcal{R})$ subclass to obtain realistic bounds on the background field $|f_{\mathcal{R}0}|$. Our analysis demonstrates the complementarity of internal kinematics and lensing probes for constraining modified gravity theories, and how the bounds on Vainshtein-screened theories improve through the combination of the two probes., Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS. For v3 : an error in the acknowledgements of v2 has been corrected. A significant extension about lensing in Vainshtein screening has been added compared to v1

Published
2020
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8. Obtaining Precision Constraints on Modified Gravity with Helioseismology

Author

Saltas, Ippocratis D. and Lopes, Il��dio

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

We propose helioseismology as a new, precision probe of fifth forces at astrophysical scales, and apply it on the most general scalar-tensor theories for dark energy, known as Degenerate Higher-Order Scalar-Tensor theories (DHOST). We explain how the effect of the fifth force on the solar interior leaves an observable imprint on the acoustic oscillations, and under certain assumptions we numerically compute the non-radial pulsation eigenfrequencies within modified gravity. We illustrate its constraining power by showing that helioseismic observations have the potential to improve constraints on the strength of the fifth force by more than $2$ orders of magnitude, as $-1.8 \cdot 10^{-3} \leq Y \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{-3}$ (at $2��$). This in turn would suggest constraints of similar order for the theory's free functions around a cosmological background ($��_{\text{H}}, ��_{1}$)., 5 pages + references, 4 figures. Version published in Physical Review Letters

Published
2019
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9. Modified gravity, gravitational waves and the large-scale structure of the Universe: A brief report

Author

Saltas, Ippocratis D., Amendola, Luca, Kunz, Martin, and Sawicki, Ignacy

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The goal of this short report is to summarise some key results based on our previous works on model independent tests of gravity at large scales in the Universe, their connection with the properties of gravitational waves, and the implications of the recent measurement of the speed of tensors for the phenomenology of general families of gravity models for dark energy., Comment: 11 pages plus references. Based on a talk given at the 15th Marcel Grossmann meeting

Published
2018
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10. Beyond lambda-CDM: Problems, solutions, and the road ahead

Author

Bull, Philip, Akrami, Yashar, Adamek, Julian, Baker, Tessa, Bellini, Emilio, Beltrán Jiménez, Jose, Bentivegna, Eloisa, Camera, Stefano, Clesse, Sébastien, Davis, Jonathan H., Di Dio, Enea, Enander, Jonas, Finelli, Fabio, Heavens, Alan, Heisenberg, Lavinia, Hu, Bin, Llinares, Claudio, Maartens, Roy, Mörtsell, Edvard, Nadathur, Seshadri, Noller, Johannes, Pasechnik, Roman, Pawlowski, Marcel S., Pereira, Thiago S., Quartin, Miguel, Ricciardone, Angelo, Riemer-Sørensen, Signe, Rinaldi, Massimiliano, Sakstein, Jeremy, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Salzano, Vincenzo, Sawicki, Ignacy, Solomon, Adam R., Spolyar, Douglas, Starkman, Glenn D., Steer, Danièle, Tereno, Ismael, Verde, Licia, Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco, von Strauss, Mikael, Winther, Hans A., Centre de Physique Théorique - UMR 7332 (CPT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CPT - E3 Cosmologie, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Mathématiques et Physique (UCL IRMP), and Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Despite its continued observational successes, there is a persistent (and growing) interest in extending cosmology beyond the standard model, $\Lambda$CDM. This is motivated by a range of apparently serious theoretical issues, involving such questions as the cosmological constant problem, the particle nature of dark matter, the validity of general relativity on large scales, the existence of anomalies in the CMB and on small scales, and the predictivity and testability of the inflationary paradigm. In this paper, we summarize the current status of $\Lambda$CDM as a physical theory, and review investigations into possible alternatives along a number of different lines, with a particular focus on highlighting the most promising directions. While the fundamental problems are proving reluctant to yield, the study of alternative cosmologies has led to considerable progress, with much more to come if hopes about forthcoming high-precision observations and new theoretical ideas are fulfilled., Comment: 99 pages, 8 figures. Version published in Physics of the Dark Universe

Published
2016

11. Beyond $��$CDM: Problems, solutions, and the road ahead

Author

Bull, Philip, Akrami, Yashar, Adamek, Julian, Baker, Tessa, Bellini, Emilio, Jim��nez, Jose Beltr��n, Bentivegna, Eloisa, Camera, Stefano, Clesse, S��bastien, Davis, Jonathan H., Di Dio, Enea, Enander, Jonas, Heavens, Alan, Heisenberg, Lavinia, Hu, Bin, Llinares, Claudio, Maartens, Roy, M��rtsell, Edvard, Nadathur, Seshadri, Noller, Johannes, Pasechnik, Roman, Pawlowski, Marcel S., Pereira, Thiago S., Quartin, Miguel, Ricciardone, Angelo, Riemer-S��rensen, Signe, Rinaldi, Massimiliano, Sakstein, Jeremy, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Salzano, Vincenzo, Sawicki, Ignacy, Solomon, Adam R., Spolyar, Douglas, Starkman, Glenn D., Steer, Dani��le, Tereno, Ismael, Verde, Licia, Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco, von Strauss, Mikael, and Winther, Hans A.

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
Abstract

Despite its continued observational successes, there is a persistent (and growing) interest in extending cosmology beyond the standard model, $��$CDM. This is motivated by a range of apparently serious theoretical issues, involving such questions as the cosmological constant problem, the particle nature of dark matter, the validity of general relativity on large scales, the existence of anomalies in the CMB and on small scales, and the predictivity and testability of the inflationary paradigm. In this paper, we summarize the current status of $��$CDM as a physical theory, and review investigations into possible alternatives along a number of different lines, with a particular focus on highlighting the most promising directions. While the fundamental problems are proving reluctant to yield, the study of alternative cosmologies has led to considerable progress, with much more to come if hopes about forthcoming high-precision observations and new theoretical ideas are fulfilled., 99 pages, 8 figures. Version published in Physics of the Dark Universe

Published
2015
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12. Anisotropic stress as signature of non-standard propagation of gravitational waves

Author

Saltas Ippocratis D., Sawicki Ignacy, Amendola Luca, and Kunz Martin

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Physics - Theory, Gravity (chemistry), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitation, Theoretical physics, Classical mechanics, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Gravitational field, 0103 physical sciences, Gravity well, 010306 general physics, Signature (topology), Sign (mathematics), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We make precise the heretofore ambiguous statement that anisotropic stress is a sign of a modification of gravity. We show that in cosmological solutions of very general classes of models extending gravity --- all scalar-tensor theories (Horndeski), Einstein-Aether models and bimetric massive gravity --- a direct correspondence exists between perfect fluids apparently carrying anisotropic stress and a modification in the propagation of gravitational waves. Since the anisotropic stress can be measured in a model-independent manner, a comparison of the behavior of gravitational waves from cosmological sources with large-scale-structure formation could in principle lead to new constraints on the theory of gravity., 4 pages plus references. Version to appear in Physical Review Letters

Published
2014

13. On the UV structure of quantum unimodular gravity

Author

Saltas, Ippocratis D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

It is a well known result that any formulation of unimodular gravity is classically equivalent to General Relativity (GR), however a debate exists in the literature about this equivalence at the quantum level. In this work, we investigate the UV quantum structure of a diffeomorphism invariant formulation of unimodular gravity using functional renormalisation group methods in a Wilsonian context. We show that the effective action of the unimodular theory acquires essentially the same form with that of GR in the UV, as well as that both theories share similar UV completions within the framework of the asymptotic safety scenario for quantum gravity. Furthermore, we find that in this context the unimodular theory can appear to be non--predictive due to an increasing number of relevant couplings at high energies, and explain how this unwanted feature is in the end avoided., Comment: 11 pages plus Appendix; Some clarifying comments added, results unchanged; Version to appear in Physical Review D

Published
2014
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14. Probing dark energy through scale dependence

Author

Motta Mariele, Sawicki Ignacy, Saltas Ippocratis D., Amendola Luca, and Kunz Martin

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, Scalar field dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Lambda-CDM model, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Cosmology, Dark matter halo, Theoretical physics, Thermodynamics of the universe, 0103 physical sciences, Dark energy, 010306 general physics, Dark fluid, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We consider the consequences of having no prior knowledge of the true dark energy model for the interpretation of cosmological observations. The magnitude of redshift-space distortions and weak-lensing shear is determined by the metric on the geodesics of which galaxies and light propagate. We show that, given precise enough observations, we can use these data to completely reconstruct the metric on our past lightcone and therefore to measure the scale- and time-dependence of the anisotropic stress and the evolution of the gravitational potentials in a model-independent manner. Since both dark matter and dark energy affect the visible sector only through the gravitational field they produce, they are inseparable without a model for dark energy: galaxy bias cannot be measured and therefore the distribution of dark matter determined; the peculiar velocity of dark matter can be identified with that of the galaxies only when the equivalence principle holds. Given these limitations, we show how one can nonetheless build tests for classes of dark energy models which depend on making measurements at multiple scales at a particular redshift. They are null tests on the model-independent observables, do not require modeling evolution in time and do not require any parametrization of the free functions of these models, such as the sound speed. We show how one can rule out or constrain the whole class of the most-general scalar-tensor theories even without assuming the quasi-static limit., Comment: 11 pages; v2 reflect version accepted for publication in PRD. Minor additions discussing the feasibility of proposed tests and describing effect of more than one degree of freedom for dark energy

Published
2013

15. Modified gravity and cosmology

Author

Saltas, Ippocratis D

Subjects
QB0980
Abstract

Having as a starting point the problem of dark energy described before, this thesis studies modifications of General Relativity (GR), as possible gravitational scenarios for the early and late time Universe, motivated by both classical as well as quantum considerations. In particular, it focuses on modifications of GR of the type f(R) as well as the f(R;G) ones, where R and G is the Ricci scalar and Gauss-Bonnet term respectively. On the same time, a modification of GR based on the Renormalisation Group approach to quantum gravity is considered, as well as its link to f(R) gravity. The main goal of the investigations carried out in this thesis, is to understand the structure, as well as the phenomenological implications of non-linear modifications of GR for cosmology, at both the background as well as the linear perturbation level.\ud \ud In particular, chapter 2 presents a brief introduction to the dynamics of GR in the presence of a "dark component" at the background, as well as at the linear perturbation level, while chapter 3 is an introduction to the fundamental properties of non-linear modifications of GR, reviewing important results of the relevant literature.\ud \ud Chapter 4 elaborates with a fundamental property of non{linear gravity models, namely the study of different representations of vacuum actions proportional to f(R) as well as f(G), in view of Legendre transformations, for the case of spacetime manifolds with a boundary. As it is explicitly shown there, although the dynamical equivalence is always true in the bulk, it is not guaranteed on the boundary of the spacetime manifold.\ud \ud On the other hand, chapter 5 focuses on understanding the role of the effective anisotropic stress present in f(R;G) gravity models, attempting to construct particular models of the latter type, with a vanishingly small anisotropic stress, so as to agree with current observations. As it turns out, suppression of the effective anisotropic stress in this class of models is very difficult, highlighting the role of the effective anisotropic stress as a smoking gun for testing modified gravity models with current and future observations.\ud \ud Chapter 6 serves as an introduction to the idea of the Renormalisation Group (RG) and its applications in cosmology, while chapter 7 starts from an RG improved\ud Einstein{Hilbert action and studies its connection with f(R) gravity, as well as its implications for the primordial and the late time acceleration of the Universe. It is shown that the effective f(R) model has some remarkable properties and interesting implications for both early and late time cosmology.

Published
2013

16. f(R) Gravity from the renormalisation group

Author

Hindmarsh, Mark and Saltas, Ippocratis D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We explore the cosmological dynamics of an effective f(R) model constructed from a renormalisation group (RG) improvement of the Einstein--Hilbert action, using the non-perturbative beta functions of the exact renormalisation group equation. The resulting f(R) model has some remarkable properties. It naturally exhibits an unstable de Sitter era in the ultraviolet (UV), dynamically connected to a stable de Sitter era in the IR, via a period of radiation and matter domination, thereby describing a non-singular universe. We find that the UV de Sitter point is one of an infinite set, which make the UV RG fixed point inaccessible to classical cosmological evolution. In the vicinity of the fixed point, the model behaves as R^2 gravity, while it correctly recovers General Relativity at solar system scales. In this simplified model, the fluctuations are too large to be the observed ones, and more ingredients in the action are needed., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures

Published
2012
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17. Beyond ΛCDM: Problems, solutions, and the road ahead

Author

Bull, Philip, Akrami, Yashar, Adamek, Julian, Baker, Tessa, Bellini, Emilio, Beltrán Jiménez, Jose, Bentivegna, Eloisa, Camera, Stefano, Clesse, Sébastien, Davis, Jonathan H., Di Dio, Enea, Enander, Jonas, Heavens, Alan, Heisenberg, Lavinia, Hu, Bin, Llinares, Claudio, Maartens, Roy, Mörtsell, Edvard, Nadathur, Seshadri, Noller, Johannes, Pasechnik, Roman, Pawlowski, Marcel S., Pereira, Thiago S., Quartin, Miguel, Ricciardone, Angelo, Riemer-Sørensen, Signe, Rinaldi, Massimiliano, Sakstein, Jeremy, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Salzano, Vincenzo, Sawicki, Ignacy, Solomon, Adam R., Spolyar, Douglas, Starkman, Glenn D., Steer, Danièle, Tereno, Ismael, Verde, Licia, Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco, von Strauss, Mikael, and Winther, Hans A.

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18. Modified Gravity and Cosmology: An Update by the CANTATA Network

Author

Saridakis, Emmanuel N., Lazkoz, Ruth, Salzano, Vincenzo, Vargas Moniz, Paulo, Capozziello, Salvatore, Beltrán jiménez, Jose, Laurentis, Mariafelicia, Olmo, Gonzalo J., Yashar Akrami, Bahamonde, Sebastian, Blázquez-Salcedo, Jose Luis, Böhmer, Christian G., Bonvin, Camille, Bouhmadi-López, Mariam, Brax, Philippe, Calcagni, Gianluca, Casadio, Roberto, Cembranos, Jose A. R., La Cruz-Dombriz, Alvaro, Davis, Anne-Christine, Delhom, Adrià, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dialektopoulos, Konstantinos F., Elder, Benjamin, Ezquiaga, Jose María, Frusciante, Noemi, Garattini, Remo, Gergely, László Á, Giusti, Andrea, Heisenberg, Lavinia, Hohmann, Manuel, Iosifidis, Damianos, Kazantzidis, Lavrentios, Kleihaus, Burkhard, Koivisto, Tomi S., Kunz, Jutta, Lobo, Francisco S. N., Martinelli, Matteo, Martín-Moruno, Prado, Mimoso, José Pedro, Mota, David F., Peirone, Simone, Perivolaropoulos, Leandros, Pettorino, Valeria, Pfeifer, Christian, Pizzuti, Lorenzo, Rubiera-Garcia, Diego, Levi Said, Jackson, Sakellariadou, Mairi, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Spurio Mancini, Alessio, Voicu, Nicoleta, Wojnar, Aneta, Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CANTATA, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
background: geometry, cosmological model, perturbation, gravitation: model, network, review, general relativity, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], FOS: Physical sciences, symmetry: rotation, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

General Relativity and the $\Lambda$CDM framework are currently the standard lore and constitute the concordance paradigm. Nevertheless, long-standing open theoretical issues, as well as possible new observational ones arising from the explosive development of cosmology the last two decades, offer the motivation and lead a large amount of research to be devoted in constructing various extensions and modifications. All extended theories and scenarios are first examined under the light of theoretical consistency, and then are applied to various geometrical backgrounds, such as the cosmological and the spherical symmetric ones. Their predictions at both the background and perturbation levels, and concerning cosmology at early, intermediate and late times, are then confronted with the huge amount of observational data that astrophysics and cosmology are able to offer recently. Theories, scenarios and models that successfully and efficiently pass the above steps are classified as viable and are candidates for the description of Nature. This work is a Review of the recent developments in the fields of gravity and cosmology, presenting the state of the art, high-lighting the open problems, and outlining the directions of future research. Its realization was performed in the framework of the COST European Action ``Cosmology and Astrophysics Network for Theoretical Advances and Training Actions''., Comment: 543 pages

19. Cosmology with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

Author

Auclair, Pierre, Bacon, David, Baker, Tessa, Barreiro, Tiago, Bartolo, Nicola, Belgacem, Enis, Bellomo, Nicola, Ben-Dayan, Ido, Bertacca, Daniele, Besancon, Marc, Blanco-Pillado, Jose J., Blas, Diego, Boileau, Guillaume, Calcagni, Gianluca, Caldwell, Robert, Chiara Caprini, Carbone, Carmelita, Chang, Chia-Feng, Chen, Hsin-Yu, Christensen, Nelson, Clesse, Sebastien, Comelli, Denis, Congedo, Giuseppe, Contaldi, Carlo, Crisostomi, Marco, Croon, Djuna, Cui, Yanou, Cusin, Giulia, Cutting, Daniel, Dalang, Charles, Luca, Valerio, Del Pozzo, Walter, Desjacques, Vincent, Dimastrogiovanni, Emanuela, Dorsch, Glauber C., Ezquiaga, Jose Maria, Fasiello, Matteo, Figueroa, Daniel G., Flauger, Raphael, Franciolini, Gabriele, Frusciante, Noemi, Fumagalli, Jacopo, García-Bellido, Juan, Gould, Oliver, Holz, Daniel, Iacconi, Laura, Jain, Rajeev Kumar, Jenkins, Alexander C., Jinno, Ryusuke, Joana, Cristian, Karnesis, Nikolaos, Konstandin, Thomas, Koyama, Kazuya, Kozaczuk, Jonathan, Kuroyanagi, Sachiko, Laghi, Danny, Lewicki, Marek, Lombriser, Lucas, Madge, Eric, Maggiore, Michele, Malhotra, Ameek, Mancarella, Michele, Mandic, Vuk, Mangiagli, Alberto, Matarrese, Sabino, Mazumdar, Anupam, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Musco, Ilia, Nardini, Germano, No, Jose Miguel, Papanikolaou, Theodoros, Peloso, Marco, Pieroni, Mauro, Pilo, Luigi, Raccanelli, Alvise, Renaux-Petel, Sébastien, Renzini, Arianna I., Ricciardone, Angelo, Riotto, Antonio, Romano, Joseph D., Rollo, Rocco, Pol, Alberto Roper, Morales, Ester Ruiz, Sakellariadou, Mairi, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Scalisi, Marco, Schmitz, Kai, Schwaller, Pedro, Sergijenko, Olga, Servant, Geraldine, Simakachorn, Peera, Sorbo, Lorenzo, Sousa, Lara, Speri, Lorenzo, Steer, Danièle A., Tamanini, Nicola, Tasinato, Gianmassimo, Torrado, Jesús, Unal, Caner, Vennin, Vincent, Vernieri, Daniele, Vernizzi, Filippo, Volonteri, Marta, Wachter, Jeremy M., Wands, David, Witkowski, Lukas T., Zumalacárregui, Miguel, Annis, James, Ares, Fëanor Reuben, Avelino, Pedro P., Avgoustidis, Anastasios, Barausse, Enrico, Bonilla, Alexander, Bonvin, Camille, Bosso, Pasquale, Calabrese, Matteo, Çalışkan, Mesut, Cembranos, Jose A. R., Chala, Mikael, Chernoff, David, Clough, Katy, Criswell, Alexander, Das, Saurya, Da Silva, Antonio, Dayal, Pratika, Domcke, Valerie, Durrer, Ruth, Easther, Richard, Escoffier, Stephanie, Ferrans, Sandrine, Fryer, Chris, Gair, Jonathan, Gordon, Chris, Hendry, Martin, Hindmarsh, Mark, Hooper, Deanna C., Kajfasz, Eric, Kopp, Joachim, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kumar, Utkarsh, Kunz, Martin, Lagos, Macarena, Lilley, Marc, Lizarraga, Joanes, Lobo, Francisco S. N., Maleknejad, Azadeh, Martins, C. J. A. P., Meerburg, P. Daniel, Meyer, Renate, Mimoso, José Pedro, Nesseris, Savvas, Nunes, Nelson, Oikonomou, Vasilis, Orlando, Giorgio, Özsoy, Ogan, Pacucci, Fabio, Palmese, Antonella, Petiteau, Antoine, Pinol, Lucas, Zwart, Simon Portegies, Pratten, Geraint, Prokopec, Tomislav, Quenby, John, Rastgoo, Saeed, Roest, Diederik, Rummukainen, Kari, Schimd, Carlo, Secroun, Aurélia, Sopuerta, Carlos F., Tereno, Ismael, Tolley, Andrew, Urrestilla, Jon, Vagenas, Elias C., Vis, Jorinde, Weygaert, Rien, Wardell, Barry, Weir, David J., White, Graham, Świeżewska, Bogumiła, Zhdanov, Valery I., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des deux Infinis de Toulouse (L2IT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LISA Cosmology Working Group, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, LISA, cosmological model, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), gravitational radiation: stochastic, gravitational radiation: background, scale: Planck, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has two scientific objectives of cosmological focus: to probe the expansion rate of the universe, and to understand stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and their implications for early universe and particle physics, from the MeV to the Planck scale. However, the range of potential cosmological applications of gravitational wave observations extends well beyond these two objectives. This publication presents a summary of the state of the art in LISA cosmology, theory and methods, and identifies new opportunities to use gravitational wave observations by LISA to probe the universe.

20. New horizons for fundamental physics with LISA

Author

K. G. Arun, Enis Belgacem, Robert Benkel, Laura Bernard, Emanuele Berti, Gianfranco Bertone, Marc Besancon, Diego Blas, Christian G. Böhmer, Richard Brito, Gianluca Calcagni, Alejandro Cardenas-Avendaño, Katy Clough, Marco Crisostomi, Valerio De Luca, Daniela Doneva, Stephanie Escoffier, José María Ezquiaga, Pedro G. Ferreira, Pierre Fleury, Stefano Foffa, Gabriele Franciolini, Noemi Frusciante, Juan García-Bellido, Carlos Herdeiro, Thomas Hertog, Tanja Hinderer, Philippe Jetzer, Lucas Lombriser, Elisa Maggio, Michele Maggiore, Michele Mancarella, Andrea Maselli, Sourabh Nampalliwar, David Nichols, Maria Okounkova, Paolo Pani, Vasileios Paschalidis, Alvise Raccanelli, Lisa Randall, Sébastien Renaux-Petel, Antonio Riotto, Milton Ruiz, Alexander Saffer, Mairi Sakellariadou, Ippocratis D. Saltas, B. S. Sathyaprakash, Lijing Shao, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Thomas P. Sotiriou, Nikolaos Stergioulas, Nicola Tamanini, Filippo Vernizzi, Helvi Witek, Kinwah Wu, Kent Yagi, Stoytcho Yazadjiev, Nicolás Yunes, Miguel Zilhão, Niayesh Afshordi, Marie-Christine Angonin, Vishal Baibhav, Enrico Barausse, Tiago Barreiro, Nicola Bartolo, Nicola Bellomo, Ido Ben-Dayan, Eric A. Bergshoeff, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Daniele Bertacca, Swetha Bhagwat, Béatrice Bonga, Lior M. Burko, Geoffrey Compére, Giulia Cusin, Antonio da Silva, Saurya Das, Claudia de Rham, Kyriakos Destounis, Ema Dimastrogiovanni, Francisco Duque, Richard Easther, Hontas Farmer, Matteo Fasiello, Stanislav Fisenko, Kwinten Fransen, Jörg Frauendiener, Jonathan Gair, László Árpád Gergely, Davide Gerosa, Leonardo Gualtieri, Wen-Biao Han, Aurelien Hees, Thomas Helfer, Jörg Hennig, Alexander C. Jenkins, Eric Kajfasz, Nemanja Kaloper, Vladimír Karas, Bradley J. Kavanagh, Sergei A. Klioner, Savvas M. Koushiappas, Macarena Lagos, Christophe Le Poncin-Lafitte, Francisco S. N. Lobo, Charalampos Markakis, Prado Martín-Moruno, C. J. A. P. Martins, Sabino Matarrese, Daniel R. Mayerson, José P. Mimoso, Johannes Noller, Nelson J. Nunes, Roberto Oliveri, Giorgio Orlando, George Pappas, Igor Pikovski, Luigi Pilo, Jiří Podolský, Geraint Pratten, Tomislav Prokopec, Hong Qi, Saeed Rastgoo, Angelo Ricciardone, Rocco Rollo, Diego Rubiera-Garcia, Olga Sergijenko, Stuart Shapiro, Deirdre Shoemaker, Alessandro Spallicci, Oleksandr Stashko, Leo C. Stein, Gianmassimo Tasinato, Andrew J. Tolley, Elias C. Vagenas, Stefan Vandoren, Daniele Vernieri, Rodrigo Vicente, Toby Wiseman, Valery I. Zhdanov, Miguel Zumalacárregui, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Arun, K, Belgacem, E, Benkel, R, Bernard, L, Berti, E, Bertone, G, Besancon, M, Blas, D, Bohmer, C, Brito, R, Calcagni, G, Cardenas-Avendano, A, Clough, K, Crisostomi, M, De Luca, V, Doneva, D, Escoffier, S, Ezquiaga, J, Ferreira, P, Fleury, P, Foffa, S, Franciolini, G, Frusciante, N, Garcia-Bellido, J, Herdeiro, C, Hertog, T, Hinderer, T, Jetzer, P, Lombriser, L, Maggio, E, Maggiore, M, Mancarella, M, Maselli, A, Nampalliwar, S, Nichols, D, Okounkova, M, Pani, P, Paschalidis, V, Raccanelli, A, Randall, L, Renaux-Petel, S, Riotto, A, Ruiz, M, Saffer, A, Sakellariadou, M, Saltas, I, Sathyaprakash, B, Shao, L, Sopuerta, C, Sotiriou, T, Stergioulas, N, Tamanini, N, Vernizzi, F, Witek, H, Wu, K, Yagi, K, Yazadjiev, S, Yunes, N, Zilhao, M, Afshordi, N, Angonin, M, Baibhav, V, Barausse, E, Barreiro, T, Bartolo, N, Bellomo, N, Ben-Dayan, I, Bergshoeff, E, Bernuzzi, S, Bertacca, D, Bhagwat, S, Bonga, B, Burko, L, Compere, G, Cusin, G, da Silva, A, Das, S, de Rham, C, Destounis, K, Dimastrogiovanni, E, Duque, F, Easther, R, Farmer, H, Fasiello, M, Fisenko, S, Fransen, K, Frauendiener, J, Gair, J, Gergely, L, Gerosa, D, Gualtieri, L, Han, W, Hees, A, Helfer, T, Hennig, J, Jenkins, A, Kajfasz, E, Kaloper, N, Karas, V, Kavanagh, B, Klioner, S, Koushiappas, S, Lagos, M, Poncin-Lafitte, C, Lobo, F, Markakis, C, Martin-Moruno, P, Martins, C, Matarrese, S, Mayerson, D, Mimoso, J, Noller, J, Nunes, N, Oliveri, R, Orlando, G, Pappas, G, Pikovski, I, Pilo, L, Podolsky, J, Pratten, G, Prokopec, T, Qi, H, Rastgoo, S, Ricciardone, A, Rollo, R, Rubiera-Garcia, D, Sergijenko, O, Shapiro, S, Shoemaker, D, Spallicci, A, Stashko, O, Stein, L, Tasinato, G, Tolley, A, Vagenas, E, Vandoren, S, Vernieri, D, Vicente, R, Wiseman, T, Zhdanov, V, Zumalacarregui, M, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des deux Infinis de Toulouse (L2IT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LISA, Arun, K. G., Belgacem, Eni, Benkel, Robert, Bernard, Laura, Berti, Emanuele, Bertone, Gianfranco, Besancon, Marc, Blas, Diego, B??hmer, Christian G., Brito, Richard, Calcagni, Gianluca, Cardenas-Avenda??o, Alejandro, Clough, Katy, Crisostomi, Marco, De Luca, Valerio, Doneva, Daniela, Escoffier, Stephanie, Mar??a Ezquiaga, Jos??, Ferreira, Pedro G., Fleury, Pierre, Foffa, Stefano, Franciolini, Gabriele, Frusciante, Noemi, Garc??a-Bellido, Juan, Herdeiro, Carlo, Hertog, Thoma, Hinderer, Tanja, Jetzer, Philippe, Lombriser, Luca, Maggio, Elisa, Maggiore, Michele, Mancarella, Michele, Maselli, Andrea, Nampalliwar, Sourabh, Nichols, David, Okounkova, Maria, Pani, Paolo, Paschalidis, Vasileio, Raccanelli, Alvise, Randall, Lisa, Renaux-Petel, S??bastien, Riotto, Antonio, Ruiz, Milton, Saffer, Alexander, Sakellariadou, Mairi, Saltas, Ippocratis D., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Shao, Lijing, Sopuerta, Carlos F., Sotiriou, Thomas P., Stergioulas, Nikolao, Tamanini, Nicola, Vernizzi, Filippo, Witek, Helvi, Wu, Kinwah, Yagi, Kent, Yazadjiev, Stoytcho, Yunes, Nicol??, Zilh??o, Miguel, Afshordi, Niayesh, Angonin, Marie-Christine, Baibhav, Vishal, Barausse, Enrico, Barreiro, Tiago, Bartolo, Nicola, Bellomo, Nicola, Ben-Dayan, Ido, Bergshoeff, Eric A., Bernuzzi, Sebastiano, Bertacca, Daniele, Bhagwat, Swetha, Bonga, B??atrice, Burko, Lior M., Comp??re, Geoffrey, Cusin, Giulia, da Silva, Antonio, Das, Saurya, de Rham, Claudia, Destounis, Kyriako, Dimastrogiovanni, Ema, Duque, Francisco, Easther, Richard, Farmer, Honta, Fasiello, Matteo, Fisenko, Stanislav, Fransen, Kwinten, Frauendiener, J??rg, Gair, Jonathan, rp??d Gergely, L??szl??, Gerosa, Davide, Gualtieri, Leonardo, Han, Wen-Biao, Hees, Aurelien, Helfer, Thoma, Hennig, J??rg, Jenkins, Alexander C., Kajfasz, Eric, Kaloper, Nemanja, Karas, Vladim??r, Kavanagh, Bradley J., Klioner, Sergei A., Koushiappas, Savvas M., Lagos, Macarena, Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe, Lobo, Francisco S. N., Markakis, Charalampo, Mart??n-Moruno, Prado, Martins, C. J. A. P., Matarrese, Sabino, Mayerson, Daniel R., Mimoso, Jos?? P., Noller, Johanne, Nunes, Nelson J., Oliveri, Roberto, Orlando, Giorgio, Pappas, George, Pikovski, Igor, Pilo, Luigi, Podolsk??, Ji????, Pratten, Geraint, Prokopec, Tomislav, Qi, Hong, Rastgoo, Saeed, Ricciardone, Angelo, Rollo, Rocco, Rubiera-Garcia, Diego, Sergijenko, Olga, Shapiro, Stuart, Shoemaker, Deirdre, Spallicci, Alessandro, Stashko, Oleksandr, Stein, Leo C., Tasinato, Gianmassimo, Tolley, Andrew J., Vagenas, Elias C., Vandoren, Stefan, Vernieri, Daniele, Vicente, Rodrigo, Wiseman, Toby, Zhdanov, Valery I., Zumalac??rregui, Miguel, National Science Foundation (US), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Research Council, European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Fundación 'la Caixa', Czech Science Foundation, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), GRAPPA (ITFA, IoP, FNWI), and Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Astrofísica, PROTOPLANET MIGRATION, Física-Modelos matemáticos, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), gr-qc, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES, horizon, Fundamental physic, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Physics, Particles & Fields, Gravitational waves, LIGO (Observatory), Tests of general relativity, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, DARK-MATTER, Física matemática, KOZAI MECHANISM, High Energy Physics, GENERAL-RELATIVITY, Fundamental physics, LISA, PRIMORDIAL BLACK-HOLES, Science & Technology, General Relativity and Cosmology, 83CXX, Physics, gravitation: interaction, gravitational radiation, Física, Compact, QUANTUM-GRAVITY, Physical Sciences, Astronomia, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], fundamental physics, gravitational waves, test of general relativity, MODIFIED GRAVITY, Gravitational wave, MULTIPOLE MOMENTS, HUBBLE CONSTANT
Abstract

K. G. Arun et al., The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of gravitational waves can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas., E. Berti is supported by NSF Grants No. PHY-1912550 and AST-2006538, NASA ATP Grants No. 17-ATP17-0225 and 19-ATP19-0051, NSF-XSEDE Grant No. PHY-090003, and NSF Grant PHY-20043. D. Blas is supported by a ‘Ayuda Beatriz Galindo Senior’ from the Spanish ‘Ministerio de Universidades’, grant BG20/00228. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. The research leading of to these results has received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2020-115845GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). K. Clough is supported by funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 693024). A. Cárdenas-Avendaño acknowledges funding from the Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz (Project 5INV1) and from Will and Kacie Snellings. M. Crisostomi and E. Barausse are supported by the European Union’s H2020 ERC Consolidator Grant “GRavity from Astrophysical to Microscopic Scales” (Grant No. GRAMS-815673). P. Fleury received the support of a fellowship from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434). The fellowship code is LCF/BQ/PI19/11690018. C. Herdeiro thanks the support of the Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA) through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia), references UIDB/04106/2020 and UIDP/04106/2020, the projects PTDC/FIS-OUT/28407/2017, CERN/FIS-PAR/0027/2019, PTDC/FIS-AST/3041/2020 and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation (RISE) programme H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017 Grant No. FunFiCO-777740. P. Pani and E. Maggio acknowledge financial support provided under the European Union’s H2020 ERC, Starting Grant agreement no. DarkGRA–757480, and under the MIUR PRIN and FARE programmes (GW-NEXT, CUP: B84I20000100001), and support from the Amaldi Research Center funded by the MIUR program “Dipartimento di Eccellenza” (CUP: B81I18001170001). N.Frusciante was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the research grants UIDB/04434/2020, UIDP/04434/2020, PTDC/FIS-OUT/29048/2017, CERN/FIS-PAR/0037/2019, the FCT project “CosmoTests—Cosmological tests of gravity theories beyond General Relativity” with ref. number CEECIND/00017/2018 and the FCT project “BEYLA –BEYond LAmbda” with ref. number PTDC/FIS-AST/0054/2021. L.Lombriser was supported by a Swiss National Science Foundation Professorship grant (No. 170547). S.N. acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. D.N. acknowledges support from the NSF Grant No. PHY-2011784. R.B. acknowledges financial support from FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the Scientific Employment Stimulus - Individual Call - 2020.00470.CEECIND. V. Paschalidis acknowledges support from NSF Grant PHY-1912619 and NASA Grant 80NSSC20K1542 to the University of Arizona. B.S.S. is supported by NSF grants No. AST-2006384 and PHY-2012083. C.F.S. is supported by contracts ESP2017-90084-P and PID2019-106515GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation) and 2017-SGR-1469 (AGAUR, Generalitat de Catalunya). T. P. S. acknowledges partial support from the STFC Consolidated Grant No. ST/P000703/1. M. Ruiz acknowledges support from NASA Grant 80NSSC17K0070 to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. I.D. Saltas is supported by the Czech Science Foundation GAČR, Grant No. 21-16583M. N. Stergioulas is supported by the ESA Prodex grant PEA:4000132310 “LISA Stochastic Signals Analysis Pipeline”. F.V. acknowledges partial support from CNES. K.Y. acknowledges support from NSF Grant PHY-1806776, NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0523, a Sloan Foundation Research Fellowship and the Owens Family Foundation. K.Y. would like to also acknowledge support by the COST Action GWverse CA16104 and JSPS KAKENHI Grants No. JP17H06358. N. Yunes acknowledges support from NASA Grants No. NNX16AB98G, 80NSSC17M0041 and 80NSSC18K1352, NSF Award No. 1759615, and the Simons Foundation through MPS Award Number 896696. D.D. acknowledge financial support via an Emmy Noether Research Group funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under grant no. DO 1771/1-1.

Published
2022

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