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Additional file 2: Figure S1. Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes in (A) liver and (B) pancreas. Each dot represents one gene. Red dots represent up-regulated differentially expressed genes, and blue dots represent down-regulated differentially expressed genes. Grey dots represent no significantly biased gene. The number at the top right represented the number of DEGs in pairwise comparison. Figure S2. The expression level of genes calculated by qRT-PCR.Y-axis represents relative expression levels of each gene by using 2−ΔΔCT method. Figure S3. (A) The methylation degree in promoters for convergently expressed nutrition metabolism-related genes in liver samples. (B) The methylation degree in promoters for convergently expressed nutrition metabolism-related genes inpancreas samples. Y-axis represents methylation levels in promoters. * indicates P < 0.05 between the comparison, ** indicates P < 0.01 between the comparison, *** indicates P < 0.001 between the comparison, **** indicates P < 0.0001 between the comparison. Figure S4. Distributions of coefficient of variance of gene expression levels among liver and pancreas samples before and after normalization, for all 1:1 single-copy orthologues. Histogram was created with a density scale. A normal density curve was added to the histogram to make the distribution of CV more appealing. Figure S5. The ORF and amino acid sequence of giant panda NR3C1 gene.

Although, Minshan A habitat is an area with one of the largest numbers of wild giant pandas ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ); it may be threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. In this study, 10 microsatellite DNA markers were used to assess population genetic structure of giant pandas from two critical reserves (Tangjiahe and Wanglang) in the Minshan A habitat. The results revealed high levels of genetic differentiation (F ST = 0.134) between the two populations. This differentiation was supported by the assignment tests using the Bayesian clustering method in STRUCTURE. The uniqueness of the populations was also supported by private alleles. This indicated a significant population fragmentation in Minshan A region. In addition, the high individual inbreeding coefficients for Wanglang indicated increased levels of homozygosity in the wild populations. Fortunately, those populations had high levels of genetic diversity. The average allelic richness (AR) and expected heterzygosity (H E ) were 4.520 and 0.689, respectively for Tangjiahe and 4.584 and 0.648 for Wanglang. Here, we propose an effective way to restore gene flow between the two isolated populations. Key words: Giant panda, microsatellite variation, genetic differentiation, habitat fragmentation, Minshan A habitat.

Since 2000 six standardised biennial public surveys of the state of the New Zealand environment have been undertaken. A fresh water case study was included in the 2010 postal survey and in an electronic survey. Desirable futures for New Zealand's fresh water resources, sources of damage to freshwater, preferred management approaches, and views about charges for commercial uses of water are reported. Respondents desire high quality water, are not prepared to trade that off for damaging economic gains, and support charges for commercial uses of water. We report public preferences for tools to manage water use.

Since 2000 six standardised biennial public surveys of the state of the New Zealand environment have been undertaken. A fresh water case study was included in the 2010 postal survey and in an electronic survey. Desirable futures for New Zealand's fresh water resources, sources of damage to freshwater, preferred management approaches, and views about charges for commercial uses of water are reported. Respondents desire high quality water, are not prepared to trade that off for damaging economic gains, and support charges for commercial uses of water. We report public preferences for tools to manage water use.

Wang, Xiaofang, Wei, Kun, Zhang, Zhihe, Xu, Xiao, Zhang, Wenping, Shen, Fujun, Zhang, Liang, Yue, Bisong (2009): Major histocompatibility complex Class II DRB exon-2 diversity of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in China. Journal of Natural History 43 (3-4): 245-257, DOI: 10.1080/00222930802478669, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930802478669

Zhang, Wenping, Zhang, Zhihe, Wei, Kun, Shen, Fujun, Hou, Rong, Zhang, Liang, Yue, Bisong (2006): Isolation and characterization of polymorphic tri- and tetra-nucleotide microsatellite loci for the south China tiger Panthera tigris amoyensis. Journal of Natural History 40 (38-40): 2259-2263, DOI: 10.1080/00222930601076110, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930601076110