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Die französische Kulturdiplomatie steckt in einer Krise. Wichtig ist eine Auseinandersetzung mit Frankreichs Soft Power deshalb, weil sie eng mit geopolitischen Fragen verknüpft ist - und indirekt auch mit Russlands "Kriegsführung" an vielen Fronten. Frankreich musste in Westafrika zuletzt schmerzhaft erfahren, dass der Kreml die internationale Ordnung nicht nur in der Ukraine und mit Waffen infrage stellt. Zeit, sich mit der französischen Kulturdiplomatie zu befassen und daraus Chancen für eine strategische, deutsch-französische und europäische Zusammenarbeit abzuleiten.

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Der von Russland im Februar begonnene Angriffskrieg auf die Ukraine hat die bisherige europäische Sicherheitsordnung zerstört. Bereits jetzt muss die von der Bundesregierung proklamierte Zeitenwende in der deutschen Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik eine neue Ordnung ins Auge fassen und gestalten, um erfolgreich zu sein. Schlüsselfaktoren sind die Einigkeit Europas in strategischen Politikfeldern sowie Russlands Positionierung gegenüber dem Rest Europas. Die drei Zukunftsoptionen - Konfrontation, Koexistenz oder Kooperation - identifizieren die Grundlagen für ein starkes Europa.

Die Corona-Pandemie hat nicht nur Schwächen und Stärken im ­deutschen und französischen Gesundheitssektor offengelegt, sondern auch in der Gesundheitskooperation zwischen beiden ­Ländern. Dieser widmet sich die folgende dritte und letzte Studie des DGAP-Monitoring-Projekts zur deutsch-französischen grenzüberschreitenden Zusammenarbeit (GRÜZ). Sie untersucht die Ursachen für bestehende Mängel und zeigt: Systematische Datenerhebung, besserer Austausch und Lehren aus der Pandemie können die bilaterale Gesundheitskooperation verbessern - sowie Vorbildcharakter für den gesamteuropäischen Einigungsprozess haben.

Tausende Arbeitskräfte, die in der deutsch-französischen Grenzregion tagtäglich zum Arbeiten jeweils ins andere Land pendeln, erleben in ihrem Alltag die konkreten Chancen, aber auch Herausforderungen der grenzüberschreitenden Zusammenarbeit (GRÜZ) und des europäischen Integrationsprozesses. Die vorliegende Studie analysiert den Status quo des deutsch-französischen grenzüberschreitenden Arbeitsmarkts und stellt neben aktuellen Hindernissen und Entwicklungen auch Handlungsempfehlungen für eine effektivere GRÜZ zwischen Deutschland und Frankreich vor.

Entretien avec Shonni Enelow, auteur de Method Acting And Its Discontents. L’échange fut conduit via Zoom, mels et Google Chat de septembre and octobre of 2021. Interview with Shonni Enelow, author of Method Acting And Its Discontents. The interview was conducted by Zoom, email, and Google Chat in September and October of 2021.

A poster describing the Sparrow database system

Sie ist Grundlage für den grenzüberschreitenden Austausch zwischen Deutschland und hat durch die coronabedingten Einschränkung erneut an Bedeutung gewonnen: die Mobilität der Menschen in den Grenzregionen. Über die Notwendigkeit des Ausbaus bestehender Angebote herrscht zwar Einigkeit zwischen den Verantwortlichen. Gestritten wird allerdings über die Prioritätensetzung und Finanzierung. Entsprechende Verhandlungen werden zunehmend durch Institutionen der bilateralen Zusammenarbeit beeinflusst, die während der Pandemie ihren Platz in den deutsch-französischen Beziehungen gefunden haben.

We perform laser absorption spectroscopy with ultracold $^4$He atoms to measure the energy intervals between the $2^{3\!} P_2$ level and five levels in the n = 5 manifold. The laser light perturbs the cold atomic cloud during the production of Bose-Einstein condensates and decreases the phase space density, causing a measurable decrease in the number of atoms in the final condensate. We improve on the precision of previous measurements by at least an order of magnitude, and report the first observation of the spin-forbidden $2^{3\!}P_2 - 5^{1\!}D_2$ transition in helium. Theoretical transition energies agree with the observed values within our experimental uncertainty., 7 pages, 6 figures

Additional file 2. Summary of the whole muscle physiology results. a Individual muscle mass, maximum specific force, twitch specific force, maximal rate of force production (dF/dt), contraction time (time-to-peak), half-relaxation time. Unpaired t-test. b Force frequency, c eccentric damage, d eccentric peak stretch. Two-way ANOVA (Sidak’s multiple comparisons test). Data presented as mean +/− SEM; n = 8; *p

Additional file 1. Fibre sizes and fibre-type proportions as numbers. 9-month-old female NebY2303H,Y935X mice, mean with standard deviation. Unpaired Mann-Whitney, n = 3, *p

Physiological and premature aging are frequently associated with an accumulation of prelamin A, a precursor of lamin A, in the nuclear envelope of various cell types. Here, we aimed to underpin the hitherto unknown mechanisms by which prelamin A alters myonuclear organization and muscle fiber function. By experimentally studying membrane-permeabilized myofibers from various transgenic mouse lines, our results indicate that, in the presence of prelamin A, the abundance of nuclei and myosin content is markedly reduced within muscle fibers. This leads to a concept by which the remaining myonuclei are very distant from each other and are pushed to function beyond their maximum cytoplasmic capacity, ultimately inducing muscle fiber weakness., Following prelamin A accumulation in myofibers, the abundance of nuclei and myosin content within muscle fibers is reduced, ultimately inducing muscle fiber weakness.

Skeletal muscle fibers are giant multinucleated cells wherein individual nuclei govern the protein synthesis in a finite volume of cytoplasm; this is termed the myonuclear domain (MND). The factors that control MND size remain to be defined. In the present study, we studied the contribution of the NAD+‐dependent deacetylase, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), to the regulation of nuclear number and MND size. For this, we isolated myofibers from mice with tissue‐specific inactivation (mKO) or inducible overexpression (imOX) of SIRT1 and analyzed the 3D organisation of myonuclei. In imOX mice, the number of nuclei was increased whilst the average MND size was decreased as compared to littermate controls. Our findings were the opposite in mKO mice. Muscle stem cell (satellite cell) numbers were reduced in mKO muscles, a possible explanation for the lower density of myonuclei in these mice; however, no change was observed in imOX mice, suggesting that other factors might also be involved, such as the functional regulation of stem cells/muscle precursors. Interestingly, however, the changes in the MND volume did not impact the force‐generating capacity of muscle fibers. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SIRT1 is a key regulator of MND sizes, although the underlying molecular mechanisms and the cause‐effect relationship between MND and muscle function remain to be fully defined.

Levy, Y., Ross, J.A., Niglas, M., Snetkov, V.A., Lynham, S., Liao, C.-Y., Puckelwartz, M.J., Hsu, Y.-M., McNally, E.M., Alsheimer, M., Harridge, S.D., Young, S.G., Fong, L.G., Español, Y., Lopez-Otin, C., Kennedy, B.K., Lowe, D.A., Ochala, J.

Muscle fibres are multinucleated cells, with each nucleus controlling the protein synthesis in a finite volume of cytoplasm termed the myonuclear domain (MND). What determines MND size remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the level of expression of the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α and subsequent activation of the mitochondrial biogenesis are major contributors. Hence, we used two transgenic mouse models with varying expression of PGC-1α in skeletal muscles. We isolated myofibres from the fast twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and slow twitch diaphragm muscles. We then membrane-permeabilised them and analysed the 3D spatial arrangements of myonuclei. In EDL muscles, when PGC-1α is over-expressed, MND volume decreases; whereas, when PGC-1α is lacking, no change occurs. In the diaphragm, no clear difference was noted. This indicates that PGC-1α and the related mitochondrial biogenesis programme are determinants of MND size. PGC-1α may facilitate the addition of new myonuclei in order to reach MND volumes that can support an increased mitochondrial density.

Critique théâtrale, janvier 2015 Festival American Realness, 8-18 janvier 2015 Performance review, January 2015 American Realness Festival, January 8th-18th 2015

Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function occurs with increasing age. Calorie restriction (CR) increases the lifespan of C57Bl/6 mice, but not in the shorter-lived DBA/2 strain. There is some evidence that calorie restriction reduces or delays many of the age-related defects that occur in rodent skeletal muscle. We therefore investigated the effect of short (2.5 month) and longer term (8.5 and 18.5 months) CR on skeletal muscle in male and female C57Bl/6 and DBA/2 mice. We found that short-term CR increased the satellite cell number and collagen VI content of muscle, but resulted in a delayed regenerative response to injury.Consistent with this, the in vitro proliferation of satellite cells derived from these muscles was reduced by CR. The percentage of stromal cells, macrophages, hematopoietic stem cells and fibroadipogenic cells in the mononucleated cell population derived from skeletal muscle was reduced by CR at various stages. But overall, these changes are neither consistent over time, nor between strain and sex. The fact that changes induced by CR do not persist with time and the dissimilarities between the two mouse strains, combined with sex differences, urge caution in applying CR to improve skeletal muscle function across the lifespan in humans.

It is clear that the timing of parturition is dependent on a cascade of endocrine signals from an intact fetal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. What is not known, however is the nature or source of the central neural stimulation which results in the stimulation of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) synthesis and secretion in late gestation. The changes which occur in the synthesis and posttranslational processing of the ACTH precursor, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), in the fetal anterior pituitary before birth and the consequence of these changes for expression of the corticosteroidogenic enzymes in the fetal adrenal are described in this review. Evidence for the functional heterogeneity of corticotrophic cell types in the fetal sheep pituitary and the proposal that there is a maturational change in the populations of corticotrophic cells in late gestation are discussed. Finally, the development of cortisol negative feedback in the late gestation fetal hypothalamo-pituitary axis and the relevance of chronic stress to the timing of parturition are also discussed.