Search

Dissertação de Mestrado em Marketing apresentada na Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais do Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo Nos últimos anos, o rápido e explosivo desenvolvimento das redes sociais alterou a forma como as pessoas comunicam entre si. As chamadas redes sociais ou social media, tornaram-se, não só, facilitadoras da distribuição de informação, em tempo real entre os utilizadores espalhados pelo Mundo, como também, originaram um crescimento exponencial das chamadas Fake News, precursoras de graves surtos de desinformação online. O combate a essa desinformação apenas será possível se compreendermos como as Fake News são detetadas/tratadas e o seu peso no comportamento dos utilizadores portugueses, temáticas estas retratadas no âmbito da investigação a que nos propomos. As Fake News, a sua propagação nas redes sociais com especial enfoque na rede social Facebook, como são detetadas/tratadas e o peso no comportamento dos utilizadores portugueses são pontos fulcrais para todo o desenrolar desta investigação. Com esse intuito, procedemos ao estudo da forma como os utilizadores portugueses interagem com as notícias falsas e que métodos seguem para contrariar a sua difusão através do uso da metodologia Questionário Online. Segundo os resultados obtidos no inquérito, os visados consideram que as Fake News têm influência no grau de credibilidade que estes têm da comunicação das marcas, uma vez que, na maior parte dos casos, estes confirmam sempre ou quase sempre a veracidade dos conteúdos partilhados pelas marcas na rede social Facebook usando os sítios oficiais (website, loja) das mesmas, demonstrando dúvidas quando a fonte não é fidedigna. No entanto, as suas respostas não traduzam, totalmente, essa assertividade. In recent years, the rapid and explosive development of social networks has changed the way people communicate with each other. The so-called social networks or social media have become, not only facilitators of the distribution of information in real time between users spread around the world, but have also caused an exponential growth of the so-called Fake News, precursors of serious outbreaks of disinformation online. Combating this disinformation will only be possible if we understand how Fake News are detected/treated and their weight in the behaviour of Portuguese users, themes that are portrayed in the scope of the research we propose. The Fake News, its propagation in the social networks with special focus on the social network Facebook, how it is detected/treated and its weight in the behaviour of Portuguese users are key points for the entire development of this research. With that purpose, we proceeded to the study of how Portuguese users interact with fake news and which methods they follow to counteract its diffusion through the use of the Online Questionnaire methodology. According to the results obtained in the survey, the targets consider that Fake News have influence in the degree of credibility they have about the brands' communication in most of the cases, mosto f the time they confirm the veracity of the contents shared by the brands on the social network Facebook using their official sites (website, shop), showing doubts when the source is not reliable. However, their answers do not fully translate that assertiveness.

Este manual de apoio à aprendizagem foi elaborado com o objetivo de dar suporte às unidades curriculares relacionadas com temas avançados de reabilitação dos ciclos de estudos de Licenciatura e Mestrado em Terapia Ocupacional da Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, podendo ser igualmente utilizado noutros ciclos de estudos nas áreas de Terapia e Reabilitação e de Fisiologia Clínica. Consiste num guia compreensivo sobre a utilização da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua como ferramenta de intervenção para a prestação de cuidados de saúde e reabilitação na doença mental e neurológica, abrangendo os seus fundamentos básicos, procedimentos de aplicação prática e segurança, parametrização de protocolos (incluindo a utilização de modelos computacionais) e evidência atualizada sobre a sua eficácia.

The current study aims to examine the association between beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories and psychotic-like experiences within the community, while also addressing the role of other contributing variables such as sociodemographic information (sex, age, education), psychological outcomes (e.g., stress, affective states) as well as other pandemic-related factors (e.g., isolation conditions, health concerns, etc).

The project described here encompasses two major studies. The goals, hypothesis, and analysis plan for each study will be separately described, although data collection procedures were shared by both studies. More information about this project can be found at https://osf.io/hmtz9/. Study 1. Untangling Self-Reported Interoceptive Accuracy and Attention: Evidence from the European Portuguese Validation of the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale and the Body Perception Questionnaire Interoception, broadly defined as the perception of the body’s internal states (Craig, 2002) has been widely associated with several domains of cognitive and emotional processing (e.g., Barrett, 2017; Critchley & Harrison, 2013; Damasio, 1994; Marshall et al., 2018; Pereira et al., 2019; Seth & Friston, 2016) and implicated in a wide range of psychiatric disorders (e.g., Khalsa et al., 2017; Murphy et al., 2017). These findings have led researchers in the field to propose different frameworks to address the challenges of measuring individual differences in interoception (e.g., Ceunen et al., 2013, Garfinkel et al., 2015, Khalsa et al., 2017), although proposed taxonomies only focused on the different measurement methods (i.e., questionnaires vs. experimental tasks). More recently, Murphy et al. (2019) proposed a 2 x 2 factorial framework to categorize individual differences in interoception: Factor 1, differentiates what is measured (interoceptive accuracy, the ability to accurately perceive interoceptive signals vs. interoceptive attention, the degree to which interoceptive signals are the object of attention); Factor 2, distinguishes how interoception is measured (via self-report measures assessing an individual’s beliefs regarding their interoceptive ability vs. objective measures, that assess performance on objective tests of interoception). Subsequently, Murphy et al. (2020) provided further evidence for this framework, finding that self-report measures of interoceptive accuracy such as the Interoceptive Confusion Questionnaire (Brewer et al., 2016) and the newly developed Interoceptive Accuracy Scale (IAS) were uncorrelated with the Body Awareness subscale of the Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ; Porges, 1993), a widely used self-report measure of interoceptive attention. These results support a distinction between self-report interoceptive accuracy and attention, although this should be ideally replicated in other samples to further strengthen the validity of the 2 x 2 factorial model of interoception. Finally, it is also important to highlight that studies exploring the psychometric proprieties of self-report questionnaires of interoception are still scare. For instance, although the BPQ was developed over 25 years ago and has been widely used since then, there is only one recently published study exploring its psychometric properties (Cabrera et al., 2018). Moreover, the IAS was validated quite recently and also requires further psychometric testing (Murphy et al., 2020). Thus, Study 1 has the following main goals: 1. Translate, validate, and assess the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese versions of the IAS and the BPQ. 2. Investigate the association between self-reported interoceptive accuracy and attention (measured by the IAS and the BPQ Body Awareness subscale, respectively). Study 2. Dissociating Cognitive and Affective Empathy in Psychopathic Phenotypes: The Role of Interoceptive Attention and Accuracy According to the Triarchic Model (Patrick et al., 2009), psychopathy reflects the convergence of three etiological phenotypes: boldness, characterized by fearlessness, invulnerability to stress, social influence, and dominance; meanness, defined by callous self-interested pursuit of resources, reduced empathy, and social closeness; disinhibition, characterized by lack of behavioral restraint, poor planning, and impaired emotional regulation. Boldness and meanness share low fear as their etiological pathway, while both meanness and disinhibition are associated with externalizing vulnerability. As this model is fairly recent and widely debated, further insights about the mechanisms underlying each phenotype are needed. Empathy can be a key construct to disentangle these phenotypes. Recent frameworks suggest that empathy encompasses two main domains (Stietz et al., 2019): cognitive empathy, defined as the ability to make inferences about or represent the mental states of others, and affective empathy, defined as the isomorphic sharing of the affective state of another person. There is evidence suggesting that these empathy domains are differentially associated with psychopathic phenotypes (e.g. Almeida et al., 2015; Stanley et al., 2013; Sellbom & Phillips, 2013; Paiva et al., 2020). Meanness has been associated with empathy deficits including both affective and cognitive domains. Boldness has been positively associated with cognitive empathy, while results regarding affective empathy are inconsistent. Although disinhibition seems positively associated with affective empathy, it is not clear whether cognitive empathy is negatively associated or unrelated to this phenotype. Despite these findings, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that drive the dissociation of empathy domains across psychopathic phenotypes. Interoception (perception of the body’s internal states) may be a putative candidate to explain this complex interaction. It has been suggested that atypical affective experience plays a critical role in empathy deficits in psychopathy (Blair et al., 2005; Brook et al., 2013). Interoception has been widely linked to affective experience, contributing not only to the processing of our own emotional information but also to our ability to perceive and share the emotional states of others (e.g., Barrett, 2017; Seth & Friston, 2016; Fotopoulous & Tsakiris, 2017; Ondobaka et al., 2017). This suggests that empathy deficits in psychopathy could be explained by impaired interoceptive processing, as low interoceptive sensitivity may preclude subjects with high psychopathic traits from perceiving somatic sensations that signal the emotional valence of situations (Gao et al., 2012; Hoppenbrouwers et al., 2016). Until now there are only a handful of studies exploring the link between psychopathy and interoception (Lamoureux, 2019; Lyons & Hughes, 2015; Nentjes et al., 2013; Zwets et al., 2014) and most of them were conducted in criminal samples. Also, there are not any studies exploring the association of interoception with the triarchic psychopathic phenotypes. Finally, neither of the previous studies applied a formal theoretical framework to measure individual differences in interoception. There is recent evidence supporting a bifactorial model to evaluate interoception (Murphy et al., 2019; Murphy et al., 2020). This model distinguishes what is being measured (interoceptive accuracy, defined as the ability to accurately perceive interoceptive signals vs. interoceptive attention, the degree to which interoceptive signals are the object of attention) and how is it being measured (self-report vs. objective measures). Thus, Study 2 has the following main goals: 1. Investigate the association of psychopathic traits with empathy domains (cognitive and affective) and interoception (self-reported interoceptive attention and accuracy). 2. Examine the association of psychopathy with empathy and interoception using the psychopathic phenotypes suggested by the triarchic model (boldness, meanness, and disinhibition) as well as the classical factor structure of psychopathy (primary vs. secondary). 3. Investigate the association between empathy domains (cognitive and affective) and interoception (self-reported interoceptive attention and accuracy). 4. Test whether the associations between psychopathic traits, empathy and interoception are retained after controlling for alexithymia. 5. Explore whether interoceptive attention and/or accuracy mediate the association between psychopathic traits and cognitive/affective empathy.

This project uses bihemispheric tDCS over the primary motor cortex to improve dual-task motor performance in a sample of subjects with chronic stroke.

Murphy et al. (2019) proposed a 2 x 2 factorial framework to categorize individual differences in interoception: Factor 1, differentiates what is measured (interoceptive accuracy, the ability to accurately perceive interoceptive signals vs. interoceptive attention, the degree to which interoceptive signals are the object of attention); Factor 2, distinguishes how interoception is measured (via self-report measures assessing an individual’s beliefs regarding their interoceptive ability vs. objective measures, that assess performance on objective tests of interoception). Subsequently, Murphy et al. (2020) provided further evidence for this framework, finding that self-report measures of interoceptive accuracy such as the Interoceptive Confusion Questionnaire (ICQ; Brewer, Cook, & Bird, 2016) and the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale (IAS) were uncorrelated with the Body Awareness subscale of the Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ; Porges, 1993), a widely used self-report measure of interoceptive attention. A recent exploratory analysis using the dataset from Murphy et al. (2020) suggested a putative quadratic association between self-reported interoceptive accuracy and attention, whereby both high and low levels of self-reported interoceptive attention (as quantified by the BPQ Body Awareness subscale) are associated with higher self-reported interoceptive accuracy (measured by the IAS and the ICQ). This quadratic association was significant whether the long or short version score of the BPQ Body Awareness was used in the model. Whilst this quadratic association supports the assertion that these measures may assess different constructs (accuracy and attention), it suggests that they appear to be differentially associated at different degrees of attention. The question remains, however, as to what is driving this association; this quadratic association between self-reported interoceptive accuracy and attention may represent a true nonlinear relationship between both constructs or could also be explained due to differences across the questionnaires (e.g. the different internal signals assessed varies across measures). Thus, the present studies have two major goals: 1. Describe the findings from the exploratory analysis examining the quadratic association between self-reported accuracy and attention, using pooled data from several studies reported in Murphy et al. (2020). 2. Confirmatory testing of the quadratic association between self-reported interoceptive accuracy (measured by the IAS and ICQ) and attention (measured by the BPQ Body Awareness), using two new samples that are currently being collected in different countries (Portugal and United Kingdom).

The project described here encompasses two major studies assessing the association between individual differences using self-report questionnaires and self-other distinction indexed by the Imitation-Inhibition Task. The goals, hypothesis, and analysis plan for each study will be separately described, although data collection procedures were shared by both studies. More information about this project can be found at https://osf.io/mu8vr/. Study 1. The role of interoception in self-other distinction: What can it teach us about empathy and alexithymia? Palmer & Tsakiris (2018) proposed an explanatory model addressing the complex interaction between interoceptive accuracy, self-other distinction, and social cognitive performance. These authors argued that in social tasks requiring high levels of self-other distinction, subjects with high levels of interoceptive accuracy should display better performance as they are able to keep a more stable representation of their own bodily self. Conversely, in tasks where less self-other distinction is required (e.g., emotional contagion), subjects with low interoceptive accuracy may display enhanced performance. This model provides a valuable framework to test the associations between self-other distinction and individual differences in interoception, empathy, and alexithymia, constructs that have been widely associated with each other within the field. First, within this model, it would be expected that self-other distinction would be enhanced in subjects with high interoceptive accuracy. Secondly, we argue that the cognitive empathy domain requires higher self-other distinction, as this empathy domain often requires that people effectively represent mental states of others that are incongruent with their own mental states. Consequently, cognitive empathy would be positively associated with interoceptive accuracy, as observed in a previous sample collected by our research group (Campos, Barbosa, et al., 2020). Conversely, affective empathy may imply lower levels of self-other distinction, as we are required to effectively share an isomorphic affective state which is being experienced by others. Thus, it will be expected that affective empathy is negatively associated with interoceptive accuracy or unrelated to it, as observed in our previous work (Campos, Barbosa, et al., 2020). Finally, this model could also provide a valuable framework to examine the association between self-other distinction and alexithymia. Alexithymia has been consistently negatively associated with interoceptive (Trevisan et al., 2019). Hence, it would be expected a similar negative association between self-other distinction and alexithymia. Regardless of these hypotheses, several other questions and inconsistencies in the field also remain to be answered. For instance, Palmer & Tsakiris (2018) described the association between interoceptive accuracy and self-other distinction, but the recent 2 x 2 factorial framework to categorize individual differences in interoception argues that this construct can be clearly divided into two unrelated domains: interoceptive attention, the degree to which interoceptive signals are the object of attention; and interoceptive accuracy, the ability to accurately perceive interoceptive signals (Campos, Barbosa, et al., 2020; Campos, Murphy, et al., 2020; Gabriele et al., 2020; J. Murphy et al., 2019, 2020). Thus, it would be valuable to examine whether interoceptive attention and accuracy are differentially associated with self-other distinction. Another important issue is that we will be operationalizing self-other distinction using the Inhibitory-Imitation Task (Hogeveen et al., 2015). In this task, subjects are required to inhibit the motor representation of the other person’s movements and to enhance their self-generated motor representation to perform the task successfully. Previous data examining the association of imitation-inhibition (indexing self-other distinction) with empathy, interoception, and alexithymia does not seem to adequately fit the model proposed by Palmer & Tsakiris (2018), although there are some limitations to existing evidence. For instance, there is meta-analytical evidence suggesting that self-other distinction (index by imitation-inhibition) is not associated with either cognitive or affective empathy (Cracco et al., 2018). However, almost all studies included in this review used the Interpersonal Reactivity Index to measure empathy, a measure that has faced some criticism due to its poor psychometric proprieties (Chrysikou & Thompson, 2016; B. A. Murphy et al., 2020; B. A. Murphy & Lilienfeld, 2019; Wang et al., 2020). Thus, there is a need to further test the association of the Inhibitory-Imitation Task with cognitive and affective empathy, using a questionnaire that more adequately operationalizes these empathy domains. There is also evidence suggesting that self-other distinction (indexed by imitation-inhibition) is negatively associated with interoceptive accuracy (Ainley et al., 2014) and positively associated with alexithymia (Sowden et al., 2016), which would not be consistent with the premises proposed by Palmer & Tsakiris (2018). However, both these studies operationalized interoceptive accuracy using performance-based cardiac tasks which only provide information about one interoceptive modality. Thus, using a self-report interoceptive accuracy scale that assesses several interoceptive signals may provide valuable insights into the association between self-other distinction and interoception. In sum, Study 1 has the following main goals: - Examine the associations between self-other distinction (indexed by imitation-inhibition) and individual differences in interoceptive attention and accuracy, cognitive and affective empathy, and alexithymia. - Investigate whether the associations between self-other distinction and individual differences in interoception, empathy, and alexithymia are independent of broader inhibitory control abilities (indexed by non-imitative inhibitory control. - Explore the complex interplay between interoception, empathy, and alexithymia. Study 2. Self-other distinction across psychopathy dimensions: evidence from the Imitation-Inhibition Task Psychopathy is a multidimensional personality construct encompassing affective (e.g., callousness, lack of empathy) and interpersonal traits (e.g., deceitfulness, social dominance), as well as maladaptive manifestations closely related to antisocial behavior (e.g., disinhibition, impulsivity; (Hare & Neumann, 2008; Patrick et al., 2009). Currently, there are two major frameworks to measure psychopathy traits: (1) the classical 2-factors model, encompassing interpersonal-affective (Factor 1) and impulsive-antisocial features (Factor 2; Hare et al., 1990; Hare & Neumann, 2008). These broader factors can be further decomposed into four more specific facets (facet 1: interpersonal traits, facet 2: affective traits, facet 3: impulsive lifestyle, facet 4: antisocial behavior) without losing model fit (Hare & Neumann, 2008); (2) the more contemporary 3-dimensional models that cover both adaptive and maladaptive expressions of psychopath (Patrick et al., 2009). This model includes boldness-fearlessness traits, a dimension which maps positive adjustment indicators (e.g., low reactivity to stress, resilience, persuasion), meanness/cold-heartedness traits, encompassing attributes related to cruelty, insensitivity, deficient empathy, and contempt for close attachments with others, and disinhibition, referring to behavioral deficits in impulse control. Empathy is a fundamental process underpinning human interactions and is widely regarded as a hallmark of psychopathy. A recent meta-analysis by our research team found differential associations between empathy domains (cognitive and affective empathy) and the psychopathy dimensions preconized by the main theoretical models of psychopathy (Campos et al., 2021). However, there is still a need to understand which mechanisms may underlie the different empathic profiles observed across psychopathy dimensions. Recent social cognition models have highlighted the important role of self-other distinction in social behavior (Bird & Viding, 2014; Happé et al., 2017; Lamm et al., 2016; Palmer & Tsakiris, 2018), which can be an interesting candidate to explain the complex interaction between empathy and psychopathy dimensions. Individuals with high psychopathy traits display abnormal brain activation when instructed to take the “other perspective” on empathy for pain tasks (Decety et al., 2013). Conversely, these individuals display typical empathy-related brain activations when they are explicitly asked to empathize with others (Meffert et al., 2013), suggesting that psychopathy may be associated with a top-down self-other distinction mechanism that compensates for the absence of automatic emotional responses (Lamm et al., 2016) . However, there is still a need to refine the association between self-other distinction and psychopathy by contemplating the multidimensional nature of this personality construct. We argue that using the self-other distinction framework proposed by Palmer & Tsakiris (2018) it is feasible to hypothesize and test how psychopathy dimensions are related to self-other distinction, especially when considering their previously observed empathic profiles (Campos, Barbosa, et al., 2020; Campos et al., 2021). To accomplish this, we will operationalize self-other distinction using the Imitation-Inhibition task (Hogeveen et al., 2015). To our knowledge, there is only one study assessing the association between psychopathy traits and self-other distinction assessed by the Imitation-Inhibition task, that only presented results regarding the classical 2-factor structure (Genschow, Bardi, et al., 2019). Also, the Imitation-Inhibition task version that we will be using includes a non-imitative inhibitory control manipulation. There have been several studies assessing the association between inhibitory control and psychopathy traits, although findings are somewhat inconsistent for some psychopathy dimensions (Derefinko, 2015; Feilhauer et al., 2012; Pasion et al., 2018; Weidacker et al., 2017; Williams, 2020). However, examining the association of psychopathy with both imitation-inhibition (indexing self-other distinction) and non-imitative inhibitory control conditions will allow us to understand whether each psychopathy dimension is specifically associated with impaired or enhanced self-other distinction, or if these postulated deficits are likely related to general inhibitory control abilities. Thus, Study 2 has the following goals: - Examine the associations between self-other distinction (indexed by imitation-inhibition) and psychopathy traits operationalized using different conceptual frameworks (triarchic model, classical 2-factor models, 4 facets model). - Investigate whether the associations between self-other distinction and psychopathy are independent or not from broader inhibitory control abilities (indexed by non-imitative inhibitory control). - Explore the complex interplay between psychopathy, empathy, interoception, and alexithymia.

O livro de atas da 1ª Conferência Lusófona de Terapia Ocupacional é uma iniciativa do Núcleo de Terapia Ocupacional da RACS. COMISSÃO ORGANIZADORA Presidente – Dalila Dias – Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde (ISCISA), Moçambique Élia Silva Pinto – Escola Superior de Saúde de Alcoitão (ESSA), Portugal Elisabete Roldão – Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico de Leiria (ESSLei), Portugal Filomena de Araújo – Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde (ISCISA), Moçambique Fortunato Venguele – Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde (ISCISA), Moçambique Jaime Ribeiro – Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico de Leiria (ESSLei), Portugal Maria João Trigueiro – Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto (ESS|P.Porto), Portugal Patrícia Santos – Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Portugal Paula Portugal – Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto (ESS|P.Porto), Portugal Vítor Simões-Silva – Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto (ESS|P.Porto), Portugal COMISSÃO DE HONRA Cristina Prudêncio – Presidente da Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto (ESS|P.Porto), Portugal Dulce Gomes – Coordenadora do Curso de Licenciatura em Terapia Ocupacional da Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico de Leiria (ESSLei), Portugal Elisabete Roldão – Presidente da Associação Portuguesa de Terapeutas Ocupacionais (APTO), Portugal Isabel Ferreira – Coordenadora do Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional da Escola Superior de Saúde do Alcoitão (ESSA), Portugal Joaquim Faias – Coordenador do Curso de Licenciatura em Terapia Ocupacional da Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto (ESS|P.Porto), Portugal Jorge Torgal – Diretor da Escola Superior de Saúde de Alcoitão (ESSA), Portugal Rui Fonseca-Pinto – Diretor da Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico de Leiria (ESSLei), Portugal Susana Pestana – Coordenadora do Curso de Licenciatura em Terapia Ocupacional da Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Portugal Paginação e Edição Gráfica: Jaime Ribeiro A 1ª Conferência Lusófona de Terapia Ocupacional ocorreu no dia 9 de julho de 2021, em modo virtual (vídeo conferência). Esta conferência surgiu do Núcleo Académico da Terapia Ocupacional (NATO) da Rede Académica de ciências da Saúde da Lusofonia (RACS). Pretendeu dinamizar e disseminar a produção científica em Terapia Ocupacional, em língua portuguesa. Pretendeu também contribuir significativamente para a discussão dos temas mais atuais e emergentes e contar com a participação de investigadores e profissionais do mundo lusófono. Só com partilha de conhecimento científico é possível fazer progredir a profissão e sustentar a prática em evidência sólida de forma a promover conhecimento e reconhecimento da Terapia Ocupacional. Nesta primeira edição, em formato virtual, no seguimento da pandemia que assolou o planeta, foram apresentados assincronamente 15 pósteres em formato vídeo e disponibilizados em https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKUR7eWoyi2QAmZdHuB8qapIIA3PGxPVf . Foram também apresentadas de forma síncrona 14 comunicações livres que resultaram em 13 artigos completos que foram publicados na RevSALUS - Revista Científica Internacional da Rede Académica das Ciências da Saúde da Lusofonia – RACS - https://revsalus.com/index.php/RevSALUS . Uma comunicação oral encontra-se em artigo completo neste livro. Neste livro de Atas encontram-se publicados os resumos dos artigos completos publicados na RevSalus assim com os artigos curtos que originaram os vídeo-pósteres. Com mais de 100 participantes internacionais, esta edição obteve um sucesso considerável atendendo à sua novidade e constrangimentos pandémicos. O futuro augura-se frutífero e preenchido numa rede lusófona que expande de forma sustentável. Sucessos para a Terapia Ocupacional e para a Rede Académica das Ciências da Saúde da Lusofonia. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The Topo2a-dependent arrest is associated with faithful segregation of sister chromatids and has been identified as dysfunctional in numerous tumour cell lines. This genome-protecting pathway is poorly understood and its characterization is of significant interest, potentially offering interventional opportunities in relation to synthetic lethal behaviours in arrest-defective tumours. Using the catalytic Topo2a inhibitor ICRF193, we have performed a genome-wide siRNA screen in arrest-competent, non-transformed cells, to identify genes essential for this arrest mechanism. In addition, we have counter-screened several DNA-damaging agents and demonstrate that the Topo2a-dependent arrest is genetically distinct from DNA damage checkpoints. We identify the components of the SMC5/6 complex, including the activity of the E3 SUMO ligase NSE2, as non-redundant players that control the timing of the Topo2a-dependent arrest in G2. We have independently verified the NSE2 requirement in fibroblasts from patients with germline mutations that cause severely reduced levels of NSE2. Through imaging Topo2a-dependent G2 arrested cells, an increased interaction between Topo2a and NSE2 is observed at PML bodies, which are known SUMOylation hotspots. We demonstrate that Topo2a is SUMOylated in an ICRF193-dependent manner by NSE2 at a novel non-canonical site (K1520) and that K1520 sumoylation is required for chromosome segregation but not the G2 arrest.

Rationale. The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide threat to public health and the global economy. The climate of fear and uncertainty associated with the pandemic has fostered the emergence of a wide-range of COVID-19 conspiracy theories that has the potential do shape public opinion and hinder the effective dissemination of valid information. Beliefs in conspiracy theories has been associated with maladaptive personality traits such as schizotypy and paranoia, as well as other non-psychotic psychological characteristics (e.g., social isolation, stress). Methods Examined were associations between beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories and psychotic-like experiences within the Portuguese residential community (N = 438), while also addressing the role of sociodemographic information, psychological outcomes (e.g., stress, affective states), confinement-related factors (e.g., confinement conditions/behaviors), and pandemic-related factors (e.g., health concerns, financial issues). Results Findings suggest that psychotic-like experiences are associated with beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories, particularly perceptual abnormalities, and persecutory ideation. Moreover, increased health-related concerns and reduced education levels also seem to be liability factors for these conspiracy beliefs. Conclusion These results add important insights into how the adherence to illogical and erroneous disease-related arguments can be related to psychotic-like experiences. COVID-19 conspiracy theories are yet another major challenge that governments and policy makers must contemplate when defining strategic directions to manage the current and future pandemics.

Este manual de apoio à aprendizagem foi elaborado com o objetivo de dar suporte às unidades curriculares relacionadas com a intervenção e reabilitação em saúde mental dos ciclos de estudos de licenciatura e mestrado em Terapia Ocupacional da Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico do Porto podendo igualmente ser utilizado noutros ciclos de estudos nas áreas de Terapia e Reabilitação. Trata-se de uma abordagem pragmática ao treino de competências sociais, com a descrição dos elementos principais de enquadramento e implementação

Lattari, E, Rosa Filho, BJ, Fonseca Junior, SJ, Murillo-Rodriguez, E, Rocha, N, Machado, S, and Maranhão Neto, GA. Effects on volume load and ratings of perceived exertion in individuals' advanced weight training after transcranial direct current stimulation. J Strength Cond Res 34(1): 89–96, 2020—The aim of this study was investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on volume load and ratings of perceived exertion. Fifteen young healthy individuals, aged between 20 and 30 years in advanced strength training were recruited. Test and retest of the 10 maximum repetitions (10RM) were performed to determine the reliability of load used. Subjects performed 3 experimental conditions in a randomized, double-blinded crossover design: anodic stimulation (a-tDCS), cathodic stimulation (c-tDCS), and sham (2 mA for 20 minutes targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex left). Immediately after the experimental conditions, subjects completed 1 set of maximum repetitions with 10RM load (volume load) and answered to OMNI-RES (poststimulation) (level of significance p ≤ 0.05). The volume load showed main effect for condition (F(2, 28) = 164.801; p < 0.001). In poststimulation, a-tDCS was greater than c-tDCS (p ≤ 0.001) and sham (p ≤ 0.001). For ratings of perceived exertion (OMNI-RES), the results showed main effect for condition (F(2, 28) = 9.768; p ≤ 0.05). In poststimulation, c-tDCS was greater than a-tDCS (p ≤ 0.05) and sham (p ≤ 0.05). We conclude that the use of a-tDCS may promote increase in volume load for the LP45 exercise. Moreover, higher volume loads are necessary to maximize muscle strength and anabolism.

Aim To evaluate the efficacy of the Portuguese version of the metacognitive training (MCT) programme for schizophrenia and its effects on psychotic symptoms, insight into the disorder and functionality.

Background: The effects of the aerobic exercise on anxiety symptoms in patients with Panic Disorder (PD) remain unclear. Thus, the investigation of possible changes in EEG frontal asymmetry could contribute to understand the relationship among exercise, brain and anxiety. Objective: To investigate the acute effects of aerobic exercise on the symptoms of anxiety and the chronic effects of aerobic exercise on severity and symptoms related to PD, besides the changes in EEG frontal asymmetry. Methods: Ten PD patients were divided into two groups, Exercise Group (EG; n=5) and Control Group (CG; n=5), in a randomized allocation. At baseline and post-intervention, they submitted the psychological evaluation through Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), EEG frontal asymmetry, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). On the second visit, the patients of EG being submitted to the aerobic exercise (treadmill, 25 minutes, and 50-55% of heart rate reserve) and the CG remained seated for the same period of time. Both groups submitted a psychological evaluation with Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) at baseline, immediately after (Post-0), and after 10 minutes of the rest pause (Post-10). The patients performed 12 sessions of aerobic exercise with 48-72 hours of interval between sessions. Results: In EG, SUDS increased immediately after exercise practice and showed chronic decrease in BAI and BDI-II as well as increased in VO2max (Post-intervention). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise can promote increase in anxiety acutely and regular aerobic exercise promotes reduction in anxiety levels., Eduardo Lattari acknowledges the financial support of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Submitted by Ana Rebelo (amsr@isep.ipp.pt) on 2019-12-16T15:44:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2019_MEEC.pdf: 11374646 bytes, checksum: 07d381a25704abc340273e30884ac7ec (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rebelo (amsr@isep.ipp.pt) on 2019-12-16T15:45:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2019_MEEC.pdf: 11374646 bytes, checksum: 07d381a25704abc340273e30884ac7ec (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-16T15:45:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2019_MEEC.pdf: 11374646 bytes, checksum: 07d381a25704abc340273e30884ac7ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Submitted by Iolanda Valente (ivalente@iscap.ipp.pt) on 2019-03-01T08:48:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Nuno_Rocha_MCF_2018.pdf: 916838 bytes, checksum: a6534d3f215a1bfe1928ef7b0cba6f87 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-01T09:16:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nuno_Rocha_MCF_2018.pdf: 916838 bytes, checksum: a6534d3f215a1bfe1928ef7b0cba6f87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-04

Versão Final - Contém as críticas e sugestões dos elementos do júri Submitted by Iolanda Valente (ivalente@iscap.ipp.pt) on 2019-03-16T12:09:45Z No. of bitstreams: 6 nuno_rocha_MTIE_2018.pdf: 3638480 bytes, checksum: 7979e2ebb59d28ab9262dc45b0bc926c (MD5) Genérico Attack on Titan (1).mp4: 20680935 bytes, checksum: e5dd7a38d89b6ca16350fd49a05c0388 (MD5) Genérico Attack on Titan (2).mp4: 20123373 bytes, checksum: ad0a860fac5b191c2752e2dab47a3226 (MD5) Genérico Death Note.mp4: 12408128 bytes, checksum: dfd7fad3107fdca4403ba894ef39cfce (MD5) Genérico Death Parade.mp4: 15252175 bytes, checksum: 23dfdc0a1eca9bf226e117ddadb1c10f (MD5) Genérico Sword Art Online.mp4: 21368613 bytes, checksum: 263a8dfd44cac317631064664ae20c9b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-16T12:18:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 6 nuno_rocha_MTIE_2018.pdf: 3638480 bytes, checksum: 7979e2ebb59d28ab9262dc45b0bc926c (MD5) Genérico Attack on Titan (1).mp4: 20680935 bytes, checksum: e5dd7a38d89b6ca16350fd49a05c0388 (MD5) Genérico Attack on Titan (2).mp4: 20123373 bytes, checksum: ad0a860fac5b191c2752e2dab47a3226 (MD5) Genérico Death Note.mp4: 12408128 bytes, checksum: dfd7fad3107fdca4403ba894ef39cfce (MD5) Genérico Death Parade.mp4: 15252175 bytes, checksum: 23dfdc0a1eca9bf226e117ddadb1c10f (MD5) Genérico Sword Art Online.mp4: 21368613 bytes, checksum: 263a8dfd44cac317631064664ae20c9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-19

Adipose tissue is the primary tissue affected in most single gene forms of severe insulin resistance, and growing evidence has implicated it as a site at which many risk alleles for insulin resistance identified in population-wide studies might exert their effect. There is thus increasing need for human adipocyte models in which to interrogate the function of known and emerging genetic risk variants. However, primary adipocyte cultures, existing immortalised cell lines and stem-cell based models all have significant biological or practical limitations. In an attempt to widen the repertoire of human cell models in which to study adipocyte-autonomous effects of relevant human genetic variants, we have undertaken direct reprogramming of skin fibroblasts to adipocyte-like cells by employing an inducible recombinant lentivirus overexpressing the master adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ2. Doxycycline-driven expression of PPARγ2 and adipogenic culture conditions converted dermal fibroblasts into triglyceride-laden cells within days. The resulting cells recapitulated most of the crucial aspects of adipocyte biology in vivo, including the expression of mature adipocyte markers, secreted high levels of the adipokine adiponectin, and underwent lipolysis when treated with isoproterenol/3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). They did not, however, exhibit insulin-inducible glucose uptake, and withdrawal of doxycycline produced rapid delipidation and loss of adipogenic markers. This protocol was applied successfully to a panel of skin cells from individuals with monogenic severe insulin resistance; however, surprisingly, even cell lines harbouring mutations causing severe, generalised lipodystrophy accumulated large lipid droplets and induced adipocyte-specific genes. The direct reprogramming protocol of human dermal fibroblasts to adipocyte-like cells we established is simple, fast and efficient, and has the potential to generate cells which can serve as a tool to address some, though not all, aspects of adipocyte function in the presence of endogenous disease-causing mutations., Summary: Human dermal fibroblasts can be reprogrammed efficiently to adipocyte-like cells that have utility for modelling some aspects of human monogenic metabolic disease.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Florianópolis, 2018. A quantidade de energia solar convertida em eletricidade por um sistema fotovoltaico (FV) é afetada pelas variações nos índices de irradiância e temperatura das células FVs, sendo que o aumento da temperatura das células FVs origina um efeito negativo no rendimento do módulo FV. Dessa forma, a aplicação de um sistema de resfriamento das células FVs permitirá uma melhoria de desempenho de todo o sistema FV. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o desempenho de um módulo FV transformado em um módulo solar híbrido Fotovoltaico/Térmico (FV/T), produzindo energia elétrica e térmica simultaneamente, com o intuito de estabelecer um sistema de resfriamento para as células FVs que possibilite manter a temperatura das mesmas em um valor constante ou pelo menos de mínima variação. As modificações das condições de operação, particularmente as relativas à irradiância e temperatura da célula FV, originam o deslocamento do Ponto de Máxima Potência (PMP) do sistema. No presente trabalho, o Seguimento do Ponto de Máxima Potência (SPMP) é realizado utilizando um algoritmo baseado exclusivamente em informações de temperatura da célula FV, sendo que as medições da mesma são realizadas sem o uso de sensores de temperatura. O desempenho do sistema FV/T é estudado e comparado ao de um FV convencional usando o mesmo algoritmo SPMP. Por meio de um modelo numérico é analisado o desempenho energético e as emissões CO2 dos sistemas FV e FV/T. Os resultados mostram que o sistema FV/T fornece uma maior energia global de saída, levando a uma redução nas emissões de CO2, diminuindo ao mesmo tempo a amplitude da tensão do PMP e consequentemente facilitando o SPMP. Abstract : The amount of solar energy converted into electricity by a Photovoltaic (PV) system is affected by the variations in the incident radiation rates and the temperature of the PV cells. The increase in the temperature of the PV cells causes a negative effect on the yield of the PV module. In this way, the application of a cooling system of the PV cells will allow a performance improvement of the entire PV system. The present work aims to study the performance of a PV module transformed into a photovoltaic/thermal module (PV/T), producing electrical and thermal energy simultaneously, in order to establish a cooling system for the PV cells. Modifications of the operating conditions, particularly those related to the temperature and radiation of the PV cell, result in the displacement of the Maximum Power Point (MPP) of the system. In the present work the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is performed using an algorithm based exclusively on PV cell temperature information and the measurements are made without the use of temperature sensors. The performance of the PV/T system is studied and compared to that of a conventional PV using the same MPPT algorithm. By means of a numerical model the energy performance and the avoided CO2 emissions of the PV and PV/T system are analyzed. The results show that the PV/T system provides greater overall output energy, leading to a higher a reduction in CO2 emissions, at the same time reducing the MPP voltage amplitude and easing the MPPT.

Common genetic variants at the ARL15 locus are associated with plasma adiponectin, insulin and HDL cholesterol concentrations, obesity, and coronary atherosclerosis. The ARL15 gene encodes a small GTP-binding protein whose function is currently unknown. In this study adipocyte-autonomous roles for ARL15 were investigated using conditional knockdown of Arl15 in murine 3T3-L1 (pre)adipocytes. Arl15 knockdown in differentiated adipocytes impaired adiponectin secretion but not adipsin secretion or insulin action, while in preadipocytes it impaired adipogenesis. In differentiated adipocytes GFP-tagged ARL15 localized predominantly to the Golgi with lower levels detected at the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles, suggesting involvement in intracellular trafficking. Sequencing of ARL15 in 375 severely insulin resistant patients identified four rare heterozygous variants, including an early nonsense mutation in a proband with femorogluteal lipodystrophy and non classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and an essential splice site mutation in a proband with partial lipodystrophy and a history of childhood yolk sac tumour. No nonsense or essential splice site mutations were found in 2,479 controls, while five such variants were found in the ExAC database. These findings provide evidence that ARL15 plays a role in adipocyte differentiation and adiponectin secretion, and raise the possibility that human ARL15 haploinsufficiency predisposes to lipodystrophy.

$\textbf{Context:}$ The activating p.Glu17Lys mutation in AKT2, a kinase mediating many of insulin’s metabolic actions, causes hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia and left-sided hemihypertrophy. The wider metabolic profile and longer-term natural history of the condition has not yet been reported. $\textbf{Objective:}$ To characterize the metabolic and cellular consequences of the AKT2 p.Glu17Lys mutation in two previously reported males at the age of 17 years. $\textbf{Design and Intervention:}$ Body composition analysis using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, overnight profiling of plasma glucose, insulin, and fatty acids, oral glucose tolerance testing, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine hepatic triglyceride content was undertaken. Hepatic $\textit{de novo}$ lipogenesis was quantified using deuterium incorporationinto palmitate. Signalingin dermal fibroblasts was studied $\textit{ex vivo}$. $\textbf{Results:}$ Both patients had 37% adiposity. One developed hypoglycemia after 2 hours of overnight fasting with concomitant suppression of plasma fatty acids and ketones, whereas the other maintained euglycemia with an increase in free fatty acids. Blood glucose excursions after oral glucose were normal in both patients, albeit with low plasma insulin concentrations. In both patients, plasma triglyceride concentration, hepatic triglyceride content, and fasting hepatic $\textit{de novo}$ lipogenesis were normal. Dermal fibroblasts of one proband showed low-level constitutive phosphorylation of AKT and some downstream substrates, but no increased cell proliferation rate. $\textbf{Conclusions:}$ The p.Glu17Lys mutation of AKT2 confers low-level constitutive activity upon the kinase and produces hypoglycemia with suppressed fatty acid release from adipose tissue, but not fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia, or elevated hepatic $\textit{de novo}$ lipogenesis. Hypoglycemia may spontaneously remit.

The 2D:4D ratio is an indicator of prenatal testosterone exposure (Fink, Manning, & Neave, 2006) and it is a fairly stable one (Anders, 2007). While there are some studies about the role of testosterone on frailty (Srinivas-­‐Shankar & Wu, 2009) and cognitive decline (Moffat, 2005) in older adults, very few analyze the impact of prenatal testosterone exposure (Halil et al., 2013). Our aim was to understand the rela7on between 2D:4D ra7o, frailty and cognitive decline in community-­dwelling elderly people. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Objectives To understand the relation between 2D:4D ratio, frailty, and cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly people. Methods A total of 175 community-dwelling elderly people were included. To determine frailty, participants completed the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) and the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE-FI). Cognitive functioning was determined using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). 2D and 4D finger lengths of each hand were measured using a scanner. Barthel Index, Lawton, and Brody scale were also completed for each participant to determine the level of daily living functioning. Results We did not find any correlations between 2D:4D ratio and frailty measures. We found a significant correlation between 2D:4D ratio and MMSE scores in the women sampled. Conclusions We cannot ascertain any contribution of prenatal exposure to androgens to the frailty status of community-dwelling elderly people. We found that reduced prenatal exposure to testosterone in women may contribute to the prevention of cognitive decline in elderly women

The 2D:4D ratio is an indicator of prenatal testosterone exposure (Fink, Manning, & Neave, 2006) and it is a fairly stable one (Anders, 2007). While there are some studies about the role of testosterone on frailty (Srinivas-Shankar & Wu, 2009) and cognitive decline (Moffat, 2005) in older adults, very few analyze the impact of prenatal testosterone exposure (Halil et al., 2013). Our aim was to understand the relation between 2D:4D ratio, frailty and cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly people. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Submitted by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-05-31T14:15:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Vitor Silva.pdf: 281973 bytes, checksum: 0d4dd8939c2b36e58c728164169af083 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-05-31T14:15:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Vitor Silva.pdf: 281973 bytes, checksum: 0d4dd8939c2b36e58c728164169af083 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-05-31T14:17:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Vitor Silva.pdf: 281973 bytes, checksum: 0d4dd8939c2b36e58c728164169af083 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-31T14:17:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Vitor Silva.pdf: 281973 bytes, checksum: 0d4dd8939c2b36e58c728164169af083 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Obesity-related insulin resistance is associated with fatty liver, dyslipidemia, and low plasma adiponectin. Insulin resistance due to insulin receptor (INSR) dysfunction is associated with none of these, but when due to dysfunction of the downstream kinase AKT2 phenocopies obesity-related insulin resistance. We report 5 patients with SHORT syndrome and C-terminal mutations in PIK3R1, encoding the p85α/p55α/p50α subunits of PI3K, which act between INSR and AKT in insulin signaling. Four of 5 patients had extreme insulin resistance without dyslipidemia or hepatic steatosis. In 3 of these 4, plasma adiponectin was preserved, as in insulin receptor dysfunction. The fourth patient and her healthy mother had low plasma adiponectin associated with a potentially novel mutation, p.Asp231Ala, in adiponectin itself. Cells studied from one patient with the p.Tyr657X PIK3R1 mutation expressed abundant truncated PIK3R1 products and showed severely reduced insulin-stimulated association of mutant but not WT p85α with IRS1, but normal downstream signaling. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, mutant p85α overexpression attenuated insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation and adipocyte differentiation. Thus, PIK3R1 C-terminal mutations impair insulin signaling only in some cellular contexts and produce a subphenotype of insulin resistance resembling INSR dysfunction but unlike AKT2 dysfunction, implicating PI3K in the pathogenesis of key components of the metabolic syndrome., C-terminal mutations in human PIK3R1 are associated with severe insulin resistance in the absence of dyslipidemia or hepatic steatosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a regularly repeated aerobic exercise series on anxiety and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) in Panic Disorder patients. METHODS: Ten previously sedentary female subjects diagnosed with Panic Disorder performed 36 sessions of aerobic exercise (at 70 to 75% of VO2max), 3 times per week during 12 weeks. A cardiopulmonary evaluation (ergospirometry test) was used to set the intensity of training as well as to establish baseline and post-training VO2max parameters. The assessment of anxiety symptoms was performed at baseline, at the end of the 6th and 12th weeks, using the Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) and State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), and the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) questionnaires. One-way ANOVA for repeated measurements (at 3 moments: Baseline, 6th week (mid-training) and 12th week (post-training) was used to compare the evolution of the questionnaires; the Bonferroni post hoc test was applied to identify differences between moments. A dependent t-test was performed for measures of VO2max. RESULTS: Compared to baseline, (a) STAI-T showed significant anxiety reductions at mid- and post-training moments; (b) STAI-S and SUDS recorded anxiety reductions only at Post-training; (c) VO2max showed a significant improvement at Post-training. CONCLUSION: This protocol promoted beneficial effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and anxiety levels of Panic Disorder patients. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do exercício aeróbio praticado regularmente sobre a ansiedade e o VO2max em pacientes com transtorno de pânico. MÉTODO: Dez mulheres sedentárias diagnosticadas com transtorno de pânico (TP) realizaram 36 sessões de exercícios aeróbico contínuo (70 a 75% VO2max) em esteira, 3x por semana, durante 12 semanas. Uma avaliação cardiopulmonar (teste ergo-espirométrico) definiu a intensidade do treinamento, bem como estabeleceu valores de VO2max pré e pós-treinamento. A avaliação dos sintomas de ansiedade nos três momentos (controle, 6° e 12° semana), foi realizada utilizando os questionários IDATE-T (Inventário do Traço de Ansiedade), IDATE-S (Inventário do Estado de Ansiedade) e SUDS (Unidades Subjetivas da Escala de Aflição). O teste ANOVA One-way para medidas repetidas (momentos) foi usado para comparar os questionários. O teste Bonferroni post-hoc foi aplicado para identificar as diferenças entre os momentos. As medidas de VO2max foram analisadas através de um teste de "t" dependente. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram redução do IDATE-T na 6° e 12° semanas de exercício; no entanto, o IDATE-S e o SUDS monstraram uma redução apenas na 12° semana. O VO2max apresentou melhora significativa após 12 semanas de intervenção em relação à linha de base. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que o protocolo adotado foi capaz de promover efeitos benéficos sobre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e sobre os níveis de ansiedade dos pacientes com transtorno de pânico.

BACKGROUND: Insomnia is the most commonly occurring sleep disorder: recent reports estimate that 25-30% of adults in the general population occasional instances of experience insomnia, while 10% suffer from disturbances severe enough to meet diagnostic criteria for insomnia. Little is known about the mechanisms, causes, clinical course, and consequences of this condition. Over 30 studies have been published on the matter but only a small proportion has found differences in the working memory of individuals with vs. without insomnia. OBJECTIVE: To summarize evidence regarding the differences in working memory performance between insomniac vs. normal adult sleepers. METHODS: The survey was conducted using an advanced search in the ISI Web of Science and MEDLINE/PubMed with the terms "sleep", "insomnia" and "working memory" as major descriptors; these were crossed with the following keywords: "psychological tests", "neuropsychology" and "performance". RESULTS: A total of 112 articles were identified in the search conducted in PubMed and Web of Science. After the screening, 102 articles unrelated to the proposed theme were excluded. Thus, 10 articles were analyzed by the eligibility and exclusion criteria, and included in this systematic review. CONCLUSION: The information resulting from the analysis of the reviewed articles suggests that mild, but not definitive deficits in cognitive performance might be masked by insignificant disparities in studies comparing insomniac individuals with normal sleepers. This shortcoming can be circumvented by larger and better-characterized samples, together with optimized methodological control of factors which might otherwise result in confounding variations among participants. INTRODUÇÃO: A insônia é o distúrbio do sono mais comum: relatórios recentes estimam que 25-30% dos adultos sofrem episódios de insônia, enquanto 10% sofrem de distúrbio do sono suficientemente grave para cumprir os critérios de diagnóstico para insônia. Além disso, pouco se sabe sobre os mecanismos, causas, evolução clínica, e consequências desta doença crónica altamente prevalente. Mais de 30 estudos foram publicados sobre o assunto, mas apenas uma pequena proporção encontrou diferenças entre os indivíduos com e sem insônia, por exemplo, na memória de trabalho. OBJETIVO: Examinar as evidências sobre as diferenças entre adultos insones e normais no desempenho da memória de trabalho. MÉTODOS: A pesquisa foi realizada usando uma pesquisa avançada no ISI Web of Science e MEDLINE/PubMed com os termos "sleep", "insônia" e "memória de trabalho" como os principais descritores, que foram cruzados com as seguintes palavras-chave: "testes psicológicos", "neuropsicologia" e "performance". RESULTADOS: Um total de 132 artigos foram identificados na pesquisa realizada no PubMed e Web of Science; 20 duplicações foram excluídas. Após a triagem, 102 artigos foram excluídos, que não estavam relacionadas com o tema proposto. Assim, 10 artigos foram selecionados por critérios de elegibilidade e de exclusão, e incluídos na revisão sistemática. CONCLUSÃO: As descobertas relatadas em nosso estudo sugerem que os deficits leves mas não permanentes de desempenho cognitivo podem ser mascarados por disparidades insignificantes em estudos que comparam indivíduos com insônia com pessoas com sono normal. Tal deficiência pode ser contornada pela análise de amostras maiores e mais bem caracterizadas, em conjunto com o controle metodológico otimizado de fatores que potencialmente podem incorrer em variações entre os participantes.

Stroke is one of the most common conditions requiring rehabilitation, and its motor impairments are a major cause of permanent disability. Hemiparesis is observed by 80% of the patients after acute stroke. Neuroimaging studies showed that real and imagined movements have similarities regarding brain activation, supplying evidence that those similarities are based on the same process. Within this context, the combination of MP with physical and occupational therapy appears to be a natural complement based on neurorehabilitation concepts. Our study seeks to investigate if MP for stroke rehabilitation of upper limbs is an effective adjunct therapy. PubMed (Medline), ISI knowledge (Institute for Scientific Information) and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library) were terminated on 20 February 2015. Data were collected on variables as follows: sample size, type of supervision, configuration of mental practice, setting the physical practice (intensity, number of sets and repetitions, duration of contractions, rest interval between sets, weekly and total duration), measures of sensorimotor deficits used in the main studies and significant results. Random effects models were used that take into account the variance within and between studies. Seven articles were selected. As there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (MP vs Control), showed a – 0.6 (95% CI: –1.27 to 0.04), for upper limb motor restoration after stroke. The present meta-analysis concluded that MP is not effective as adjunct therapeutic strategy for upper limb motor restoration after stroke.

Os défices posturais e de equilíbrio são dos aspetos mais incapacitantes presentes na Doença de Parkinson (DP), levando à diminuição da mobilidade e da autonomia funcional. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar o controlo postural dos indivíduos com e sem DP no sit-tostand-to-sit, em particular nas fases de preparação para o levantar (fase 1) e para o sentar (fase 4), em situações de realização de tarefa única e dupla-tarefa. A amostra foi constituída por 9 indivíduos com DP e 9 controlos saudáveis. Uma plataforma de forças foi utilizada para avaliar o deslocamento e a velocidade de deslocamento do centro de pressão (CP) nos eixos antero-posterior e médio-lateral. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente a partir do software SPSS. Verificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o grupo controlo e com DP na fase 4, em tarefa única e dupla, na duração da fase e na velocidade de deslocamento antero-posterior do CoP (p

Submitted by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-05-31T12:42:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Nuno Rocha.pdf: 106638 bytes, checksum: e7ef704cb8864ff005a5fdefbb4e8d15 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-05-31T12:42:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Nuno Rocha.pdf: 106638 bytes, checksum: e7ef704cb8864ff005a5fdefbb4e8d15 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-05-31T12:42:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Nuno Rocha.pdf: 106638 bytes, checksum: e7ef704cb8864ff005a5fdefbb4e8d15 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-31T12:42:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_Nuno Rocha.pdf: 106638 bytes, checksum: e7ef704cb8864ff005a5fdefbb4e8d15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Submitted by Manuel Brandão (mbrandao@estsp.ipp.pt) on 2015-05-21T09:12:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_RochaN_2014.pdf: 212257 bytes, checksum: fcc5beba12329e8ddf141dbfc9946978 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Nuno Rocha (nrocha@eu.ipp.pt) on 2015-05-21T10:16:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_RochaN_2014.pdf: 212257 bytes, checksum: fcc5beba12329e8ddf141dbfc9946978 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Manuel Brandão (mbrandao@estsp.ipp.pt) on 2015-05-25T12:34:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_RochaN_2014.pdf: 212257 bytes, checksum: fcc5beba12329e8ddf141dbfc9946978 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-25T12:34:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ART_RochaN_2014.pdf: 212257 bytes, checksum: fcc5beba12329e8ddf141dbfc9946978 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014

Submitted by Ana Rebelo (amsr@isep.ipp.pt) on 2015-06-04T11:36:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2013_MEEC.pdf: 2958774 bytes, checksum: e1df3e8dcf8df65b5098ecbe8579db21 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rebelo (amsr@isep.ipp.pt) on 2015-06-05T14:23:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2013_MEEC.pdf: 2958774 bytes, checksum: e1df3e8dcf8df65b5098ecbe8579db21 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-05T14:23:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2013_MEEC.pdf: 2958774 bytes, checksum: e1df3e8dcf8df65b5098ecbe8579db21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013

Livro disponível na biblioteca ESS.

Submitted by Manuel Brandão (msa@eu.ipp.pt) on 2013-11-14T16:23:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2012_MES.pdf: 2186939 bytes, checksum: 7f9443f6f2296216948d3a918fd2964d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-14T16:23:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_NunoRocha_2012_MES.pdf: 2186939 bytes, checksum: 7f9443f6f2296216948d3a918fd2964d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012

Submitted by Agostinho Macau (arm@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2014-11-20T14:40:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A dignidade da pessoa humana (2012.02.03).pdf: 831862 bytes, checksum: d6d9b73e52bb60e57d5b28b5ab3da254 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Agostinho Macau (arm@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2014-11-20T14:40:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 A dignidade da pessoa humana (2012.02.03).pdf: 831862 bytes, checksum: d6d9b73e52bb60e57d5b28b5ab3da254 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-20T14:40:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A dignidade da pessoa humana (2012.02.03).pdf: 831862 bytes, checksum: d6d9b73e52bb60e57d5b28b5ab3da254 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-19

Submitted by halves@ufp.pt (halves@ufp.pt) on 2012-04-13T15:13:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CadernosComunicacao02.pdf: 1098759 bytes, checksum: 46875d3633f18e2e8ff1b69a18ac01c3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2012-04-16T15:50:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CadernosComunicacao02.pdf: 1098759 bytes, checksum: 46875d3633f18e2e8ff1b69a18ac01c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010

Tese de mestrado, Arte, Património e Teoria do Restauro, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2011 Submitted by Eugénia Santos (eug.santos@fl.ul.pt) on 2011-11-29T16:44:10Z No. of bitstreams: 3 ulfl101169_tm.pdf: 2211146 bytes, checksum: 7566313e72466a8702916c453b47c7d8 (MD5) ulfl101169_tm_vol_2_parte_1.pdf: 262343046 bytes, checksum: 5f9209de534277f4c5ee0cca0c96d049 (MD5) ulfl101169_tm_vol_2_parte_2.pdf: 149758002 bytes, checksum: 36ae207e6801bb4a2d8ce684863f7e23 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-29T16:44:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 ulfl101169_tm.pdf: 2211146 bytes, checksum: 7566313e72466a8702916c453b47c7d8 (MD5) ulfl101169_tm_vol_2_parte_1.pdf: 262343046 bytes, checksum: 5f9209de534277f4c5ee0cca0c96d049 (MD5) ulfl101169_tm_vol_2_parte_2.pdf: 149758002 bytes, checksum: 36ae207e6801bb4a2d8ce684863f7e23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010

O uso da Linguagem envolve uma série de regras conversacionais que implica a capacidade de inferir sobre os estados mentais dos outros. Esta capacidade metacognitiva designa-se de Teoria da Mente (TM) e tem sido estudada mais rigorosamente nas últimas décadas. A literatura aponta que esta competência se encontra severamente perturbada na doença mental severa (e.g. Esquizofrenia), pelo que os objectivos do presente trabalho se resumem à caracterização da TM, da relação que esta estabelece com a linguagem, e como se encontra perturbada especificamente na Esquizofrenia. Parece também existir uma ligação relevante entre TM e os neurónios-espelho (Mirror Neurons) que fortalece esta discussão. Em relação à avaliação da TM, esta não é considerada uma tarefa linear, pelo que existem diferentes instrumentos para este fim, sendo que cada um incide numa competência específica de TM. Por último, dado que na Esquizofrenia existem défices ao nível da TM e no uso da linguagem, é também apontada a necessidade de incluir estas competências no desenho de programas de reabilitação psiquiátrica. The pragmatics use of language requires specific conversational rules that are related to the ability to attribute mental states to others. This meta-cognitive capacity has been largely studied in the last decades, and it is commonly defined as Theory of Mind (TM). Literature shows that TM is impaired in severe mental disorders (e.g. Schizophrenia), so the purpose of this paper is to define TM and it´s relation to language, and how it appears to be specifically impaired in Schizophrenia. It seems that there is also an important relation between TM and Mirror-Neurons, relevant to this discussion. Assessing TM has some difficulties and limitations, and there are several instruments designed to assess TM skills. As a conclusion, there are some references to the importance of cognitive remediation in these patients, because in schizophrenia we found deficits in theory of mind and language use, so these can be important targets of psychosocial treatments programs.

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Mecânica. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2010

Os défices neurocognitivos na Esquizofrenia constituem uma das suas mais marcantes características. Investigações recentes têm procurado estabelecer uma relação causal entre os défices neurocognitivos na Esquizofrenia e a resposta funcional. Os estudos até agora realizados, sobretudo os que se centraram no estudo da qualidade de vida, têm evidenciado tantas associações claras, como associações pouco robustas, ou até mesmo inexistentes. Assim, este estudo teve como objectivo identificar os constructos neuro cognitivos que se apresentam de modo diferencial como preditores de dimensões especí ficas da qualidade de vida. A amostra final foi constituída por 37 participantes com Esquizofrenia. Todos os partici pantes foram avaliados com uma bateria de testes neurocognitivos. A avaliação da quali dade de vida foi realizada através da versão portuguesa do WHOQOL-Bref. Foram reali zadas análises correlacionais entre todos os factores neurocognitivos e os diferentes domínios de qualidade de vida e análises de regressão com recurso ao método stepwise para obter os modelos preditores. Os resultados evidenciaram a existência de correlações significativas entre a maior parte dos constructos neurocognitivos e a qualidade de vida. Os modelos preditores encontra dos explicam entre 21% e 49% da variância nos domínios de qualidade de vida considera dos, tendo sido identificados os seguintes preditores neurocognitivos: para o Domínio Físico, as funções executivas; para os domínios Psicológico e Relações Sociais, a atenção e a organização visuo-espacial; para o domínio Ambiente, a atenção e a função executiva. Estes resultados sugerem a importância das funções neurocognitivas básicas (relaciona das com a capacidade de responder adaptativamente às mudanças e ao feedback ambiental, com a aptidão de manter o foco de atenção e com a aptidão de organizar correctamente os elementos perceptivos), para a determinação da qualidade de vida das pessoas com Esquizofrenia