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The article is dedicated to thye memory of a distinguished mathematician Professor Misha Shubin

Introduction Up to 10% of childhood emergency department (ED) presentations are for abdominal pain.1 High quality treatment and efficient clinical pathways can be hard to achieve due to the broad differential diagnosis.2 We therefore aimed to audit this pathway to identify areas for quality improvement. Methods We retrospectively identified 139 children presenting to ED over a three month period triaged3 as having abdominal pain. We examined the pathway and outcome of all 40 children who required admission and a random sample of 40 non-admitted patients. We analysed their triage allocation, waiting times, number of consultations, final diagnosis and definitive management. Results The total time spent in the ED increased with multiple consults: for a single consult the mean time was 241 minutes, compared to 240 minutes for 2 consults, 346 minutes for 3 consults 346 minutes, and 417 minutes for 4 consults. Of breached waiting time targets, 12 (30%) were caused by ED staff, 11(25%) by paediatrics, 18(45%) by surgeons, 9 (22.5%) by extended ED stay for investigations or observation, and 6(15%) by delay in transfer to ward. 21(52%) of patients were admitted under surgeons, however only 7 (17.5%) of these had a surgical problem requiring surgical intervention. Of the admitted patients there were 8 patients triaged as category 2 (very urgent) and 50% of these required appendicectomy. No patients triaged 4 or 5 required surgery. No child Conclusion Most children presenting to the ED with abdominal pain did not have a surgical problem. Surgery was most likely in children triaged 2 and aged 8 years and above. Time spent in ED could be reduced by avoiding multiple consults. We have therefore proposed a new pathway for the initial consult: paediatric team see 8 years triaged category 3–5; surgical team see >8 years triaged category 2. We aim to re-audit patient waiting times, management by appropriate speciality and outcome.

In a biaxial birefringent crystal there are two directions at which the refractive index surfaces intersect, leading to the phenomenon of conical refraction [1]. These conical intersections are analogs of Dirac points, and are generically present in non-chiral optical materials. One of the most interesting aspects of Dirac points is that they carry an associated topological charge. As such the propagation of light through a periodic biaxial crystal is related to a periodic electronic system supporting multiple Dirac points in the first Brillouin zone. Since Dirac points carry topological charge it is natural to ask whether we could gap this system in such a way as to leave a topologically interesting result. We show that this is indeed possible, and that opening a gap using the Faraday effect can lead to a form of optical topological insulator. This is a novel realisation of a photonic topological insulator, as it dos not rely on the use of a specific lattice [2] to produce multiple Dirac points, but instead exploits the ubiquitous polarization degeneracies of optical materials.

Following years of digestive problems an attempt was made to create a novel two-component feed consisting of normal alfalfa-based feed pellets combined with flatted barley resulting in an essentially complete solution to the problems of ERE and similar conditions.

The reniform nematode (RN), a major agricultural pest particularly on cotton in the United States, is among the major plant-parasitic nematodes for which limited genomic information exists. In this study, over 380 Mb of sequence data were generated from pooled DNA of four adult female RNs and assembled into 67 317 contigs, including 25 904 (38.5%) predicted coding contigs and 41 413 (61.5%) noncoding contigs. Most of the characterized repeats were of low complexity (88.9%), and 0.9% of the contigs matched with 53.2% of GenBank ESTs. The most frequent Gene Ontology (GO) terms for molecular function and biological process were protein binding (32%) and embryonic development (20%). Further analysis showed that 741 (1.1%), 94 (0.1%), and 169 (0.25%) RN genomic contigs matched with 1328 (13.9%), 1480 (5.4%), and 1330 (7.4%) supercontigs of Meloidogyne incognita, Brugia malayi, and Pristionchus pacificus, respectively. Chromosome 5 of Caenorhabditis elegans had the highest number of hits to the RN contigs. Seven putative detoxification genes and three carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) involved in cell wall degra- dation were studied in more detail. Additionally, kinases, G protein-coupled receptors, and neuropeptides functioning in physiological, developmental, and regulatory processes were identified in the RN genome. Resume : Le nematode reniforme (NR), un important ravageur agricole particulierement chez le cotonnier aux Etats-Unis, compte parmi les nematodes parasitaires importants pour lesquels peu d'informations genomiques sont disponibles. Dans ce travail, plus de 380 Mb de donnees de sequence ont ete generees apartir d'un echantillon compose de quatre femelles adultes du NR et ces sequences ont ete assemblees pour former 67 317 contigs. Au total, 25 904 contigs (38,5 %) ont ete predits comme etant codants, tandis que 41 413 (61,5 %) ont ete predits non-codants. Les sequences les plus repetees etaient de faible complexite (88,9 %) et 0,9 % de ces contigs presentaient de l'homologie avec 53,2 % des EST au sein de GenBank. Les classes les plus representees au sein du Gene Ontology (GO) en matiere de fonction moleculaire et de processus biologique correspondaient respectivement a la classe de liaison aux proteines (32 %) et au developpement embryonnaire (20 %). Des analyses approfondies ont montre que 741 (1,1 %), 94 (0,1 %) et 169 (0,25 %) des contigs genomiques du NR etaient homologues a ` 1328 (13,9 %), 1480 (5,4 %) et 1330 (7,4 %) des super-contigs de Meloidogyne incognita, Brugia malayi et Pristionchus pacificus, respectivement. Le chromosome 5 de Caenorhabditis elegans a fourni le plus grand nombre de contigs homologues chez le NR. Sept genes putatifs de detoxication et trois codant pour des enzymes de degradation des glucides de la paroi (CAZymes) ont ete etudies en detail. De plus, des kinases, des recepteurs couples aux proteines G et des neuropeptides impliques dans les processus physiologiques, le developpement et la regulation ont ete identifies au sein du genome du NR. (Traduit par la Redaction) Mots-cles : nematode reniforme, genes de detoxication, genes de parasitisme du nematode, sequencage 454.

This paper explores how participants in community landownership initiatives in Scotland experience this emergent form of communal tenure and governance, set within their own narratives of sustainability. The research i) captures individual and collective as well as convergent and divergent narratives of community landownership and management; ii) explores the sustainability credentials of this form of tenure from a theoretical perspective; and iii) assesses key barriers and opportunities for progressing sustainability in a community land context. Four in-depth case studies from the Scottish Highlands and Islands, incorporating 77 semi-structured interviews within a purposive sample of participants, inform four narratives of community landownership. First, rebuilding community capacity. Second, redefining participatory governance and partnership working. Third, building a framework for economic development; and finally reconfiguring community-natural resource relationships. The findings reveal community landownership acts as a powerful catalyst and positive agent for reconstructing rural development set within locally prescribed narratives of sustainability. Thus, community landownership is linked with a re-construction of sustainability, with an emphasis on subsidiarity and legitimate governance processes set within strong conflict management and leadership attributes to maximize long-term success.

Study Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sugammadex for reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients with pulmonary disease. Design Phase III, randomized, multicenter, parallel-group, comparative, safety-assessor blinded study. Setting Nine hospital sites. Patients 77 ASA physical status 2 and 3 patients, aged ≥ 18 years, with a history of pulmonary disease, and scheduled for surgery with general anesthesia requiring neuromuscular blockade. Interventions Following anesthesia induction, patients received rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg with 0.15 mg/kg maintenance doses as needed. Patients were randomized to receive sugammadex 2 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg after the last rocuronium dose at reappearance of the second twitch. Measurements Safety evaluations included adverse events, laboratory parameters, vital signs, and evidence of recurrent or residual neuromuscular blockade. Efficacy was evaluated as the time from sugammadex administration to recovery of the train-of-four (TOF) ratio to ≥ 0.9. Main Results Safety was comparable between doses, with no evidence of residual or recurrent neuromuscular blockade. Two bronchospasm cases were reported (4 mg/kg group), both in patients with asthma who received desflurane for anesthesia maintenance. Geometric mean (95% confidence interval) times to a TOF ratio of ≥ 0.9 were 2.1 (1.7 - 3.1) min (2 mg/kg) and 1.8 (1.5 - 2.7) min (4 mg/kg). Conclusion Sugammadex 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg were well tolerated and effective in patients with a history of pulmonary disease. Bronchospasm is a possibility when administering sugammadex to patients with underlying pulmonary disease.

Concepts of wild land have recreational, ecological and cultural dimensions, and place varying emphasis on physical landscape attributes and the perceptions of users. In Scotland, national and NGO policies show reasonable consistency in interpreting and defining ‘wild land’, emphasising the (perception of) lack of current human influence as a key criterion. This research used semi-structured interviews with key individuals and a questionnaire survey of land managers to evaluate concepts and perceptions of wild land in Scotland. Recognising that the conceptual and spatial definition of wild land is a key issue, a new typology is proposed. Weaknesses in the policy framework, as well as key potential threats to, and opportunities associated with, wild landscapes are identified. Management initiatives are fitted to the typology and divided into four management themes. Key recommendations are: (i) that national policy for wild landscapes needs to incorporate criteria, which recognise the multiple values derivi...

The role of antitumour necrosis factor agents, in particular infliximab in ulcerative colitis (UC) has been well established. More recently adalimumab, a fully humanized antitumour necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody, was licensed for refractory moderately active UC in 2012. Available outcome data for adalimumab from routine clinical practice is limited.To evaluate the clinical response and remission to adalimumab in a cohort of UC patients.Patients with UC treated with adalimumab were identified from our inflammatory bowel disease database from 2007. A retrospective chart review was undertaken. Demographic and clinical data were recorded including a Mayo score and C-reactive protein (CRP) where available. All patients received standard induction subcutaneous therapy (160/80/40 mg) followed by a maintenance dose of 40 mg fortnightly. Clinical and biochemical response was assessed at 6 and 12 months. Clinical response was defined by a reduction in Mayo score more than or equal to 3, whereas clinical remission was defined by a total score of 2 or less. Dose adjustments and adverse events were also noted.In all, 52 patients were identified. Of these, 65% (n=34) were male and the mean age was 45 years (range 23-72 years). A total of 65% (n=34) had left sided disease, 31% (n=16) pancolitis and 4% (n=2) proctitis. The majority commenced adalimumab due to a loss of response to immunomodulator therapy (n=45, 87%), whereas the remaining 13% (n=7) had loss of response or been intolerant to infliximab. The mean disease duration was 8 years (1-29 years). At baseline 85% (n=44) had moderate disease and 15% (n=8) had mild disease. The baseline mean CRP was 13.5 mg/l (range 1-82 mg/l) and the mean Mayo score was 6 (range 4-10). The mean duration of treatment was 18.5 months (range 4-95 months). Follow-up data was available in 46 (88%) and 37 (71%) patients at 6 and 12 months. Overall there was a statistically significant improvement in mean partial Mayo score on follow-up; 6 months=2 [P=0.0001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.99-4.55], 12 months=2 (P=0.0001, 95% CI 2.74-4.46). While 65% (n=34) and 52% (n=27) had a clinical response at 6 and 12 months, respectively, 52% (n=27) and 42% (n=22) were in remission. Overall mean CRP normalized at 6 months (P=0.002, 95% CI 3.31-15.1). Of note 25% (n=13) required dose escalation during follow-up, while treatment was discontinued by seven patients, five (71%) due to a loss of response, the remaining two (29%) due to an adverse event.Our study shows adalimumab is an effective and safe long-term therapy for moderately active UC refractory to other treatments. While this data is encouraging, further work is required on patient selection and to determine the impact of treatment on both natural history and quality of life.

The enthalpies of solution of ethanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol and n-octanol into aqueous acetonitrile mixtures at T = (288.2 and 283.2) K are reported. These data are combined with literature values for the n-alcohols at T = 298.2 K and for a range of tetraalkylammonium bromides at several temperatures to allow determination of the enthalpy of transfer of CH2 moieties, ΔtH∘(CH2), from acetonitrile to the aqueous mixed solvents. It is found that the ΔtH∘(CH2) values pass through minima at intermediate solvent compositions, with the minimum becoming deeper with decreasing temperature and with increasing chain length. It is proposed that these minima originate from microphase formation of the aqueous acetonitrile mixtures.

1. An Introduction to Evidence Informed-care 2. Implementing Evidence Informed Nursing: Research Awareness 3. Critically Appraising Research Studies 4. Benefits of Research to Nursing Practice 5. Reflective Practice and Decision Making Related to Research Implementation 6. Evidence into Practice 7. The Importance of Research Dissemination and the Barriers to Implementation 8. Conclusion the Way Forward Appendix 1: Research Assignment Critique of a Research Paper

Background Periconceptional use of folic acid prevents most neural tube defects (NTDs). Whether folic acid and/or multivitamins can prevent other congenital anomalies is not clear. This study tested whether maternal blood levels of folate and vitamin B12 in pregnancies affected by congenital malformations excluding NTDs are lower when compared to non-affected pregnancies.

BACKGROUND: Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a developmental field defect of the brain that results in incomplete separation of the cerebral hemispheres that includes less severe phenotypes, such as arhinencephaly and single median rnaxillary central incisor. Information on the epidemiology of HPE is limited, both because few population-based studies have been reported, and because small Studies must observe a greater number of years in order to accumulate sufficient numbers of births for a reliable estimate. METHODS: We collected data from 2000 through 2004 from 24 of the 46 Birth Defects Registry Members of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research. This Study is based on more than 7 million births in various areas from North and South America, Europe, and Australia. RESULTS: A total of 963 HPE cases were registered, yielding an overall prevalence of 1.31 per 10,000 births. Because the estimate was heterogeneous, possible causes of variations among populations were analyzed: random variation, Under-reporting and over-reporting bias, variation in proportion of termination of pregnancies among all registered cases and real differences among populations. CONCLUSIONS: The data do not suggest large differences in total prevalence of HPE among the studied Populations that would be useful to generate etiological hypotheses.

The careers of 557 biochemists are studied in order to answer the following questions: Who gets postdoctoral training and why? How does such training affect subsequent employment opportunities? Does postdoctoral training increase later research productivity? Results show that predoctoral research productivity has no effect on who gets postdoctoral training or where one gets it. Getting postdoctoral training does not seem to affect one's chances of getting a prestigious job, but where the training occurred has a major impact on the prestige of subsequent jobs. In contrast, having had postdoctoral training seems to result in substantial increases in later citation rates, but where the training occurred makes little difference in citation rates. The modest effect of postdoctoral training on publication rates disappears when employment sector is held constant.

An instance of a squamous carcinoma of the lung with osteocartilaginous metaplasia in the stroma is reported. This unusual stromal response is similar to extraskeletal osteocartilaginous metaplasia in any other site, and is a change which occasionally is produced by a variety of pathological and experimental conditions, including gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and urinary tract epithelial carcinoma. This stromal response should be differentiated from a true sarcomatous participation in the tumour.

135 high schoolSs were presented with one of three treatment programs: rule (R); rule, then discovery (RD); and discovery, then rule (DR). AllSs were tested on the training rules and on three transfer problems. No significant differences were found on the transfer problems, but the R and RDSs learned the training rules better than the DRSs (p

The present study inquires into the influence of certain stimulus-word changes upon responses to picture-frustration situations. The question raised deals with the suitability of picture-frustration instruments in psychological research. METHOD From a total of 97 students in two undergraduate psychology classes, 60 were selected to participate. Those taking part were students who had scored high, either extrapunitively or impunitively, on the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Test, Form B, Adult Revision (Rosenzweig, 1947). At one class meeting rhe Rosenzweig P-F test was administered to the 97 students and from this group were chosen 30 Ss who had received the highest extrapunitive (E) scores, and 30 Ss who had received the highest impunitive (M) scores. Students who scored high intrapunitively were not involved. Four absences occurred at subsequent meetings when experimental data were collected, reducing the research group to 56 Ss. - In order to assess the influence of stimulus-word changes upon aggressive behavior of these selected Ss, three original sets of 24 picture-frustration cartoons were drawn. The sets were graphically identical and differed only in the words being addressed to the figure depicted as being thwarted. In Set N the words were judged to be essentially neutral, i.e., neither extrapunitive nor impunitive; in Set E the words were extrapunitive in character; and in Set M they were impunitive. Extrapunitive Ss were assigned at random to one of three picture-frusuation conditions described below. Similarly, impunitive Ss were assigned randomly to one of the following conditions. In Condition N Ss responded to P-F situations containing neutral words. In Condition E Ss responded to P-F situations containing extrapunitive words, and in Condition M Ss responded to P-F situations containing impunitive words.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Carrowreagh (school) (Carrowreagh, Co. Donegal), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Annie Davidson., Grianán of Aileach / Scott, Samuel -- Riddles / Dowell, Robert Mc -- Thatching / Moore, David -- Thatching / Quigley, Annie -- Tools and Materials Used in Thatching -- Fairies / Quigley, Annie -- Fairies / Peoples, Joan -- Fairies / Dowell, Bella Mc -- How to Prepare a Field for Potatoes / Peoples, Joan -- Names of Former Teachers of Carrowreagh -- Carrowreagh Old School -- Other Clergymen in Connection with the School -- Hills of Donegal -- Games - See-Saw / Dowell, Robert Mc -- How to Cure Mumps -- How to Cure Whooping-Cough / Dowell, Bella Mc -- Games - Duck / Beattie, Willie -- Games - Hide and Go Seek / Foster, Anna -- Games - Tig / Dowell, Robert Mc -- Games - Cap Ball / Peoples, Joan -- Games - Playing Jacks / Peoples, Joan -- Games - Weigh the Butter and Sell the Cheese / Robinson, Sarah -- Bird-Lore / Foster, Anna -- Birds / Beattie, Willie -- Games - See-Saw / Beattie, Willie -- Games - Weigh the Butter and Sell the Cheese / Gowan, Jillie Mc -- Churning / Quigley, Annie -- Plunge Churn, Staff and Butter Print -- Wooden Piggin -- Churning / Robinson, Sarah -- Travelling Folk / Peoples, Joan -- Travelling Folk / Gowan, Jillie Mc -- Peat Spade -- Cutting Turf / Robinson, Sarah -- Rough Drawing of Turf Spade -- Cutting Turf / Peoples, Joan -- Large Stone Wheel Used in Olden Times for Rolling Flax -- Rolling Flax in Olden Times / Peoples, Joan -- Homemade Toys / Beattie, Willie -- Spinning Jenny / Beattie, Willie -- Boat / Moore, Sam -- Homemade Toys / Peoples, Joan -- Golliwog / Peoples, Joan -- Homemade Toys / Beattie, Fanny Ann -- Irish Spinning Wheel Belonging to Mr Campbell Peoples / Davison, Anna -- Fairy Story -- Proverbs / Peoples, Joan -- Proverbs / Foster, Anna -- Proverbs / Robinson, Sarah -- Proverbs / Beattie, Fanny Ann -- Secret Hoards - Elizabethan Coins Found in a Quarry / Davison, Annie -- Old Houses / Peoples, Joan -- Old Houses / Foster, Anna -- Fairy Stories (Local) -- Local Fairy Tale -- Christmas Rhymes / Quigley, Annie -- Fairy Story / Canning, Sarah Ann -- Antiquities -- Care of the Feet / Dowell, Robert Mc -- Burt Presbyterian Church / Davison, A. -- Local Cures / Peoples, Joan -- Care of the Feet / Peoples, Joan -- Local Cures / Foster, Anna -- Local Cures / Dowell, Bella Mc -- Holy Wells / Peoples, Joan -- Herbs (Additional Cures) -- Cure for Cancer / Davison, A. -- Additional Local Cures -- Additional Local Cures -- Additional Local Cures -- Additional Local Cures -- Additional Local Cures -- My Home District -- Song - A Boat Sunk Off Tory Island / Davison, Annie -- Lore of Certain Days -- Local Marriage Customs -- Local Marriage Customs / Davison, A. -- Severe Weather -- Severe Weather -- Quern -- Bread -- Grid-Iron for Baking Oatcake / Peoples, Joan -- Local Heroes - The Giant's Throw / Quigley, Annie -- Bread - Boxty Bread -- Boxty Bread -- Bread - Oatmeal Fadge or Oaten Fadge -- Farm Implements Used before the Introduction of Machinery / Moore, Sam -- Food in Olden Times / Peoples, Joan -- Food in Olden Times / Quigley, Annie -- Care of Farm Animals / Beattie, Willie -- Local Happenings - The Ship Tayleur -- Local Happenings - Shipwrecks -- Old Graveyards / Davison, A. -- Rachel's Fate / Quigley, Annie -- Yarrow / Robinson, Sarah -- Local Poets / Walker, Miss Alice, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

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A collection of folklore and local history stories from Cora Dubhthaigh (Corradooey) (school) (Corradooey, Co. Donegal), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Bláinse A. Póirtéir., Local Cures / Conaghy, Margaret Mc / Blair, McCrea -- Potato Crop / Knight, Robert Mc -- Famine Times in Ireland / Blair, McCrea -- Local Cures / Blair, McCrea / Conaghy, Margaret Mc -- Local Cures / Stuart, Enie -- Local Cures / Blair, McCrea / Knight, R. Mc -- Sowens / Knight, Robert Mc -- Signs of the Weather / Conaghy, Margaret Mc -- Signs of the Weather / Stuart, Enie -- Care of the Feet / Conaghy, Margaret Mc -- Care of the Feet / Blair, McCrea -- Festival Customs / Conaghy, Margaret Mc -- Churning / Conaghy, Margaret Mc -- Food in Olden Times / Blair, McCrea -- Bird-Lore / Conaghy, Margaret Mc -- Games I Play / Ramsay, Kathleen -- Games I Play / Stuart, Enie, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

International audience; To develop an efficient liposomal vaccine delivery system, the size of liposomes is critical to their adjuvant activities. In the present study, liposomes with different sizes (100, 400, 1000nm) containing recombinant major surface glycoprotein of Leishmania (rgp63) were prepared, characterized, and inoculated subcutaneously into BALB/c mice to evaluate the rate of protection and the type of immune response generated against leishmaniasis. The lowest footpad lesion size and splenic parasite burden were seen in the mice immunized with large size (⩾400nm) liposomes after challenge with Leishmania major. The production of IFN-γ was only elevated in the spleen cells of mice immunized with large size (⩾400nm) liposomes. The highest IgG2a/IgG1 ratio was also seen in the sera of the mice immunized with large size (⩾400nm) liposomes before and 14weeks after challenge. The results showed that immunization with small size (100nm) liposomes induces a Th2 response, whereas immunization with large size (⩾400nm) liposomes induces a Th1 type of immune response. There was no significant difference in the type of induced immune response between the mice immunized with liposomes of 400nm and those immunized with liposomes of 1000nm or unextruded. The results of the current study demonstrated that the size of liposomes plays a significant role in the type of generated immune response.

Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity was identified in milk proteins fermented with Lactobacillus (Lb.) helveticus NCC 2765 (Nestle Culture Collection, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Switzerland). Hydrolyzing sodium caseinate for 1 and 2 h inhibited ACE activity, as measured by an in vitro ACE inhibition test. The hydrolysates with the highest ACE inhibitory potential were fractionated by gel permeation chromatography and their low molecular weight fractions collected. These fractions were subsequently subfractionated by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Several hydrophobic subfractions showed high ACE inhibitory potential, and their peptide composition was determined using an ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with an elctrospray ionization source. Analysis of the low molecular weight fraction identified 14 peptides with known anti hypertensive activity and 1 with previously described opioid activity. On the basis of the peptide composition of active subfractions, two potentially active novel sequences were defined, and the following synthetic peptides were synthesized: FVAPFPEVFG (alpha(S1) 39-48), ENLLRFFVAPFPEVFG (alpha(S1) 33-48), NENLLRFFVAPFPEVFG (alpha(S1) 32-48), LNENLLRFFVAPFPEVFG (alpha(S1) 31-48), NLHLPLPLL (beta 147-155), ENLHLPLPLL (beta 146-155), and VENLHLIPLIPLL (beta 145-155). The ACE inhibitory potential of these synthetic peptides was assessed, and IC50 values were determined. NLHLPLPLL (beta 147-155), which was the only synthetic peptide also present in the sodium caseinate hydrolysates, and NENLLRFFVAPFPEVFG (as, 32-48) showed the highest inhibition of ACE activity, with IC50 values of 15 and 55 PM, respectively. Furthermore, the stability of all synthetic peptides was assessed using an in vitro model simulating gastric digestion. The beta-casein-derived peptides remained intact following the successive hydrolysis by pepsin and pancreatin, whereas alpha(S1)-casein-derived peptides were degraded by pepsin.

Several recent reports have shown some patients with Glanzman's thrombasthenia (GT) to have a defect in platelet membrane glycoproteins. We have followed three siblings in a Guamanian family with severe qualitative platelet disorder clinically diagnosed as GT. All three have manifested spontaneous bruising and mucous membrane bleeding since birth. Major bleeding associated with minimal trauma has required repeated platelet and blood transfusions. The lab data have been identical in these three patients on repeated testing in two separate laboratories. All three have shown prolonged bleeding times, normal platelet counts and platelet morphology, no clot retraction, no aggregation to epinephrine, ADP, or thrombin and normal aggregation to ristocetin. Slight aggregation was seen with full strength collagen. Platelet membrane proteins from our patients were labeled with125 I using the lactoperoxidase technique. Solubilized labeled and unlabeled membrane proteins were subjected to polyacrylamlde gel electrophoresis and evaluated by protein and glycoprotein staining as well as determining the sequential radioactivity of 1 mm gel slices. Normal staining and radioactive patterns were noted in every instance. We conclude that patients with the clinical and laboratory profile of GT reflects a full spectrum of variable molecular abnormalities, since we could not demonstrate abnormal membrane proteins.

PaNOSC and ExPaNDS organised the 3rd Photon and Neutron (PaN) EOSC Symposium on sustainable data from PaN facilities as a satellite event to the International Conference of Research Infrastructures (ICRI), held in Brno (CZ) on the 18th October 2022. The symposium aimed to share the major results achieved in making FAIR data a reality at PaN facilities across Europe, and to explore how a “PaN Data Commons” can be integrated into the EOSC, in collaboration with the other ESFRI cluster projects. The document gives a detailed overview of the topics discussed by representatives of PaNOSC, ExPaNDS, LENS and LEAPS initiatives, the EOSC cluster projects and the EOSC task force on financial sustainability.

Severe hyperbilirubinemia causes neurological damage both in humans and rodents. The hyperbilirubinemic Gunn rat shows a marked cerebellar hypoplasia. More recently bilirubin ability to arrest the cell cycle progression in vascular smooth muscle, tumour cells, and, more importantly, cultured neurons has been demonstrated. However, the involvement of cell cycle perturbation in the development of cerebellar hypoplasia was never investigated before. We explored the effect of sustained spontaneous hyperbilirubinemia on cell cycle progression and apoptosis in whole cerebella dissected from 9 day old Gunn rat by Real Time PCR, Western blot and FACS analysis. The cerebellum of the hyperbilirubinemic Gunn rats exhibits an increased cell cycle arrest in the late G0/G1 phase (p < 0.001), characterized by a decrease in the protein expression of cyclin D1 (15%, p < 0.05), cyclin A/A1 (20 and 30%, p < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively) and cyclin dependent kinases2 (25%, p < 0.001). This was associated with a marked increase in the 18 kDa fragment of cyclin E (67%, p < 0.001) which amplifies the apoptotic pathway. In line with this was the increase of the cleaved form of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (54%, p < 0.01) and active Caspase3 (two fold, p < 0.01). These data indicate that the characteristic cerebellar alteration in this developing brain structure of the hyperbilirubinemic Gunn rat may be partly due to cell cycle perturbation and apoptosis related to the high bilirubin concentration in cerebellar tissue mainly affecting granular cells. These two phenomena might be intimately connected. Fil: Robert, María Celeste. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Furlan, Giulia. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia Fil: Rosso, Natalia. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia Fil: Gambaro, Sabrina Eliana. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Apitsionak, Faina. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia Fil: Vianello, Eleonora. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia Fil: Claudio, Tiribelli. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia. Universita Degli Studi Di Trieste; Italia Fil: Gazzin, Silvia. Centro Studi Fegato; Italia