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Funding Information: Collaborators of the CIMBA-LT study: Hospital Vila Franca de Xira: André Oliveira; João Gonçalves-Pereira; Joaquim Lima. Centro Hospitalar de Médio Tejo (Abrantes): Rui Assis; Joana Monteiro. Hospital Nélio Mendonça (Funchal): André Simões; Catarina Lume. Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Vila Real): Maria João Pinto. Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia: Sara Pipa. Hospital de Braga: Laura Costa. Hospital de Bragança: Cristina Nunes. Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo (S. Miguel): Manuela Henriques; Luís Tavares. Hospital de Leiria: Filipa Sequeira. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de S.João (Porto): José-Artur Paiva; Tatiana Santos Vieira; Núria Jorge. Centro Hospital Universitário de Lisboa Norte (Lisboa): Ana Bento Rodrigues; Susana Fernandes; João Ribeiro. Hospital S.Francisco Xavier (Lisboa): Rui Morais; Pedro Póvoa; Luís Coelho. Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra: Ana Martinho; Iolanda Santos. Hospital Egas Moniz (Lisboa): Gabriela Almeida. Hospital de Beja: Alexandra Paula; Filipe Morais de Almeida. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve (Faro): Sofia Ribeiro. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s). Background: The past years have witnessed dramatic changes in the population admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Older and sicker patients are now commonly treated in this setting due to the newly available sophisticated life support. However, the short- and long-term benefit of this strategy is scarcely studied. Methods: The Critically Ill patients’ mortality by age: Long-Term follow-up (CIMbA-LT) was a multicentric, nationwide, retrospective, observational study addressing short- and long-term prognosis of patients admitted to Portuguese multipurpose ICUs, during 4 years, according to their age and disease severity. Patients were followed for two years after ICU admission. The standardized hospital mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated according to the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II and the follow-up risk, for patients discharged alive from the hospital, according to official demographic national data for age and gender. Survival curves were plotted according to age group. Results: We included 37.118 patients, including 15.8% over 80 years old. The mean SAPS II score was 42.8 ± 19.4. The ICU all-cause mortality was 16.1% and 76% of all patients survive until hospital discharge. The SAPS II score overestimated hospital mortality [SMR at hospital discharge 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–0.76] but accurately predicted one-year all-cause mortality [1-year SMR 1.01; (95% CI 0.98–1.08)]. Survival curves showed a peak in mortality, during the first 30 days, followed by a much slower survival decline thereafter. Older patients had higher short- and long-term mortality and their hospital SMR was also slightly higher (0.76 vs. 0.69). Patients discharged alive from the hospital had a 1-year relative mortality risk of 6.3; [95% CI 5.8–6.7]. This increased risk was higher for younger patients [21.1; (95% CI 15.1–39.6) vs. 2.4; (95% CI 2.2–2.7) for older patients]. Conclusions: Critically ill patients’ mortality peaked in the first 30 days after ICU admission. Older critically ill patients had higher all-cause mortality, including a higher hospital SMR. A long-term increased relative mortality risk was noted in patients discharged alive from the hospital, but this was more noticeable in younger patients. publishersversion published

Poultry meat has been a vehicle of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes. Yet, the diversity of selective pressures associated with their maintenance in the poultry-production chain remains poorly explored. We evaluated the susceptibility of Enterococcus spp. from chicken meat collected 20 years apart to antibiotics, metals, acidic pH and peracetic acid-PAA. Contemporary chicken-meat samples (n = 53 batches, each including a pool of neck skin from 10 single carcasses) were collected in a slaughterhouse facility using PAA as disinfectant (March-August 2018, North of Portugal). Broilers were raised in intensive farms (n = 29) using CuSO4 and organic acids as feed additives. Data were compared with that of 67 samples recovered in the same region during 1999-2001. All 2018 samples had multidrug resistant-MDR isolates, with >45 % carrying Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium or Enterococcus gallinarum resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, ampicillin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, ciprofloxa-cin, chloramphenicol or aminoglycosides. Resistance rates were similar (P > 0.05) to those of 1999-2001 samples for all but five antibiotics. The decrease of samples carrying vancomycin-resistant isolates from 46 % to % between 1999-2001 and 2018 was the most striking difference. Isolates from both periods were similarly susceptible to acid pH [minimum-growth pH (4.5-5.0), minimum-survival pH (3.0-4.0)] and to PAA (MIC90 = 100-120 mg/L/MBC90 = 140-160 mg/L; below concentrations used in slaughterhouse). Copper tolerance genes (tcrB and/or cueO) were respectively detected in 21 % and 4 % of 2018 and 1999-2001 samples. The tcrB gene was only detected in E. faecalis (MICCuSO4 > 12 mM), and their genomes were compared with other international ones of chicken origin (PATRIC database), revealing a polyclonal population and a plasmid or chromosomal location for tcrB. The tcrB plasmids shared diverse genetic modules, including multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (e.g. to tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B-MLSB, aminoglycosides, bacitracin, coccidiostats). When in chromosome, the tcrB gene was co-located closely to merA (mercury) genes. Chicken meat remains an important vehicle of MDR Enterococcus spp. able to survive under diverse stresses (e.g. copper, acid) potentially contributing to these bacteria maintenance and flux among animal-environment -humans.

The present document describes the HUG project data management plan (DMP), which is neededto specify what data is being processed and to manage how that data will be handled, stored and shared. Funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PTDC/GES-OUT/1662/2020), this project is expected to generate evidence on the health consequences of the neighbourhood social changes caused by the housing crisis to inform the design and planning of healthier neighbourhoods and housing conditions. More information about the project can be found at:https://www.hug-project.com/ Funding statement:This project is financed by national funds through FCT- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the project “HUG: The health impacts of inner-city gentrification, displacement and housing insecurity: a quasi-experimental multi-cohort study (PTDC/GES-OUT/1662/2020)” and the projects UIDB/04750/2020 and LA/P/0064/2020.Ana Isabel Ribeiro, the project's principal investigator, is supported by National Funds through FCT, under the ‘Stimulus of Scientific Employment–Individual Support’ programme within the contract CEECIND/02386/2018.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the main threats to global health. The dissemination of mobile colistin resistance genes (mcr) is a major concern affecting humans, animals and environment. Food-producing animals are considered the main reservoir of mcr genes, however the role of wild animals and pets is less studied. Here, we investigate the mcr occurrence among wild animals, wild birds, food-producing animals and pets. Material & Methods: Between 2019-2021, faecal samples obtained from wild animals (boars, N=39; deer, N=62; other, N=6), wild birds (N=98), food-producing animals (cattle, N=40; pigs, N=56) and pets (cats and dogs, N=199). Isolation was performed in selective and non-selective medium, followed by identification of virulence genes of E. coli by PCR, and Salmonella serotyping. The mcr 1-5 genes were screened by PCR in all E. coli and Salmonella isolates recovered. Whole-genome sequencing was used to investigate the presence of AMR genes, multilocus sequence type and phylogeny of all pathogenic isolates, as well as mcr-carrying isolates. Results: The overall occurrence rate of E.coli and Salmonella was 77.8% (389/500) and 2.8% (14/500), respectively. Pathogenic E.coli was detected in 46.7% (50/107) of wild animals, 2.0% (2/98) of wild birds, 11.4% (11/96) of food-producing animals and 19.1% (38/199) of pets, while Salmonella was identified in 2.8% of wild animals (3/107), 3.1% (3/98) of wild birds, and 7.3% (7/96) of food-producing animals. The mcr-1 gene was detected in 1.8% (7/389) of the E. coli positive samples, all of them in isolates recovered from pigs (13.7%; 7/51). All this mcr-1-positive showed additional resistance phenotypes, including MDR, and several virulence genes. No cases of mcr genes were identified in Salmonella isolates. Conclusions: Pathogenic E. coli was significantly more frequent than Salmonella spp in the studied animals. Besides the general low prevalence of the resistance to colistin mediated by mcr genes, the only cases were identified in E. coli food-producing isolates, namely in pigs. Our results highlight the importance of a continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in an OneHealth approach. Funding: This work has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No 773830) OHEJP Discover.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the main threats to global health. The dissemination of mobile colistin resistance genes (mcr) is a major concern affecting humans, animals and environment. Food-producing animals are considered the main reservoir of mcr genes, however the role of wild animals and pets is less studied. Here, we investigate the mcr occurrence among wild animals, wild birds, food-producing animals and pets. Material & Methods: Between 2019-2021, faecal samples obtained from wild animals (boars, N=39; deer, N=62; other, N=6), wild birds (N=98), food-producing animals (cattle, N=40; pigs, N=56) and pets (cats and dogs, N=199). Isolation was performed in selective and non-selective medium, followed by identification of virulence genes of E. coli by PCR, and Salmonella serotyping. The mcr 1-5 genes were screened by PCR in all E. coli and Salmonella isolates recovered. Whole-genome sequencing was used to investigate the presence of AMR genes, multilocus sequence type and phylogeny of all pathogenic isolates, as well as mcr-carrying isolates. Results:The overall occurrence rate of E.coli and Salmonella was 77.8% (389/500) and 2.8% (14/500), respectively. Pathogenic E.coli was detected in 46.7% (50/107) of wild animals, 2.0% (2/98) of wild birds, 11.4% (11/96) of food-producing animals and 19.1% (38/199) of pets, while Salmonella was identified in 2.8% of wild animals (3/107), 3.1% (3/98) of wild birds, and 7.3% (7/96) of food-producing animals. The mcr-1 gene was detected in 1.8% (7/389) of the E. coli positive samples, all of them in isolates recovered from pigs (13.7%; 7/51). All this mcr-1-positive showed additional resistance phenotypes, including MDR, and several virulence genes. No cases of mcr genes were identified in Salmonella isolates. Conclusions: Pathogenic E. coli was significantly more frequent than Salmonella spp in the studied animals. Besides the general low prevalence of the resistance to colistin mediated by mcr genes, the only cases were identified in E. coli food-producing isolates, namely in pigs. Our results highlight the importance of a continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in an OneHealth approach. Funding: This work has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No 773830) OHEJP Discover.

Aim:This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, to characterize, and to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella spp.in stray cats and dogs. Methods:Between November 2019 and October 2020, 199 faecal samples were obtained from 102 cats and 97 dogs rescued by a kennel in Lisboa. Isolation was performed in selective and non-selective medium, followed by identification of virulence genes of E. coli by PCR, and Salmonella serotyping. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed according to EUCAST. mcr-1-5 genes were detected by PCR. All pathogenic isolates were further characterized by WGS. Results:The overall rate of E.coli and Salmonella was 73.9% (147/199) and 0.5% (1/199), respectively. Pathogenic E. coli were detected in 19.6% dogs and 18.6% cats. No cases of STEC were found. AST revealed that 13.0% of the isolates were resistant (16.2% dogs vs. 10.0% cats). Resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, and/or trimethoprimwere the most frequent. MDR was observed in four ETEC isolated from dogs, which have the same ST155 and blaTEM-1B, sul1, sul2, dfrA1, and tet(A) resistance genes. All commensal E. coli were susceptible to antimicrobials. Salmonella (S.4,5:i:-) was identified in a cat. Belongs to ST3478 and presents ac(6')-Iaa, blaTEM-1B, and sul2 resistance genes. None isolate was ESBL or harboured mcr genes. Conclusions:Some of the isolates have relevant antimicrobial resistance. Due to the close contact with humans and to the potential release of pathogenic and resistant enteric bacteria in the environment, it is important to monitor stray cats and dogs health status following a One Health approach. Funding:This work is part of DiSCoVeR project (JRP24-R2-FBZ2-DiSCoVeR), funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No. 773830.

Frozen components on land and in the ocean (sea ice, ice sheets, glaciers and permafrost) form the cryosphere, which, together with the ocean, moderates the physical and chemical habitat for life in the Arctic and beyond. Changes in these components, as a response to rapidly warming climate in the Arctic, are intensely expressed in the coastal zone. These areas receive increased terrestrial runoff while subject to a changing sea-ice and ocean environment. Proxies derived from marine sediment archives provide long-term data that extend beyond instrumental measurements. They are therefore fundamental in disentangling human-driven versus natural processes, changes and responses. This paper (1) provides an overview of current Arctic cryosphere change, (2) reviews state-of-the-art palaeoecological approaches, (3) identifies methodological and knowledge gaps, and (4) discusses the strengths and future potential of palaeoecology and palaeoceanography to respond to societally relevant coastal marine ecosystem challenges. We utilise responses to an open survey conducted by the Future Earth Past Global Changes (PAGES) working group Arctic Cryosphere Change and Coastal Marine Ecosystems (ACME). Significant research advancements have taken place in recent decades, including the increasingly common use of multi-proxy (multiple lines of evidence) studies, improved understanding of species-environment relationships, and development of novel proxies. Significant gaps remain, however, in the understanding of proxy sources and behaviour, the use of quantitative techniques, and the availability of reference data from coastal environments. We highlight the need for critical methodological refinement, interdisciplinary collaboration on research approaches, and enhanced communication across the scientific community.

Although it is important to communicate scientific knowledge, it seems that this assumption is even more evident when it comes to environment-related themes, which have gained more relevance in the public sphere in the last decades. This article evaluates the spectacularization techniques of technology and science displayed as if they were the only solution to the environmental crisis. Firstly, from a literature perspective, this article shows the evolution of science communication and the relationship between society and science over the last centuries. After that, it presents a critical view on the excessive optimism around technology and scientific advancement, arguing that the possible solutions to the environmental crisis cannot come exclusively through technology substitution. The article thus shows that there is today a clear distinction between science communication and the communication of science as a mass product, which is promoted today by different stakeholders to manipulate public opinion for different reasons. Finally, the article identifies some common elements of this phenomenon that we call technowashing, insofar as it aims at a laundering of responsibilities and harmful impacts of business and political decisions.

The Gamers4Nature (G4N) project aims to develop and implement a set of strategies that encourage younger audiences (i.e. upper-secondary and undergraduate students) to participate in the creation of mobile games, while promoting knowledge about environmental preservation. This paper introduces one of these strategies, the G4N portal-repository. The portal has a three-fold objective: (1) to serve as the project’s online presence, introducing its goals and objectives; (2) to host the project’s materials and main outcomes; and (3) to act as a repository for the games developed along game design and Game Jam sessions. The development of the project’s online portal was guided by the need to establish a connection with a physical toolkit that was developed in the scope of the project to help users build their games and to reflect the feeling of gaming and the non-linearity of gaming activities. Taking into consideration the importance of developing a user-friendly interface, the portal was developed following a User-Centered Design approach. Although further testing is still needed, the results of the UX Expert Review - the first testing stage - confirmed the portal’s potential of providing a meaningful and relevant experience to its users.

The management of abdominal aortic aneurysms, especially ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms, continues to challenge vascular surgeons. A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with a high mortality rate. If cardiopulmonary resuscitation is required before surgical repair, mortality rates are said to be even higher. However, cardiac arrest in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm does not accurately predict a nonsalvageable state or preclude functional survival. In these cases, agressive management may be the only hope for survival, and cardiac arrest should not as such contraindicate repair. The objective of this study is to present a successful case of repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm after cardiac arrest., Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): July - September

Reportamos um caso clínico de um jovem de 38 anos, vítima de paragem cardiorrespiratória em fibrilhação ventricular. O doente foi recuperado após 7 minutos de suporte básico de vida mais 26 minutos de suporte avançado de vida com 5 choques pelo monitor- desfibrilhador e LUCAS adaptado até à recuperação da circulação espontânea. Após estabilização o doente foi internado na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalentes e posteriormente transferido para o serviço de Cardiologia, onde efetuou avaliação da anatomia coronária com coronárias sem lesões. Após descartadas as principais causas para o sucedido e passiveis de tratamento, o doente teve indicação para a colocação de um cardioversor - desfibrilhador- implantável. O caso clínico enaltece a rápida atuação e o elo de ligação da cadeia de sobrevivência, com suporte básico de vida e o contacto precoce com o centro de orientação de doentes urgentes, essenciais para a chegada em tempo útil da equipa de emergência médica e posterior ressuscitação cardiopulmonar avançada. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O livro de atas da 1ª Conferência Lusófona de Terapia Ocupacional é uma iniciativa do Núcleo de Terapia Ocupacional da RACS (Rede Académica de ciências da Saúde da Lusofonia). Nesta primeira edição, em formato virtual, no seguimento da pandemia que assolou o planeta, foram apresentados assincronamente 15 pósteres em formato vídeo e disponibilizados em https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKUR7eWoyi2QAmZdHuB8qapIIA3PGxPVf . Foram também apresentadas de forma síncrona 14 comunicações livres que resultaram em 13 artigos completos que foram publicados na RevSALUS - Revista Científica Internacional da Rede Académica das Ciências da Saúde da Lusofonia – RACS - https://revsalus.com/index.php/RevSALUS. Uma comunicação oral encontra-se em artigo completo neste livro. Neste livro de Atas encontram-se publicados os resumos dos artigos completos publicados na RevSalus assim com os artigos curtos que originaram os vídeo-pósteres. Com mais de 100 participantes internacionais, esta edição obteve um sucesso considerável atendendo à sua novidade e constrangimentos pandémicos. Introdução: A Paralisia Cerebral (PC) é uma lesão do Sistema Nervoso Central com forte impacto na funcionalidade. As alterações neuromusculoesqueléticas, sensoriopercetivas e cognitivas originam frequentemente necessidades complexas de comunicação, cuja intervenção multidisciplinar passa amiudadamente pela implementação de Sistemas Aumentativos e Alternativos de Comunicação (SAAC). O terapeuta ocupacional pode colaborar para esta intervenção, sobretudo quando são envolvidas Tecnologias de Apoio (T A). Objetivo: Descrever o processo da Terapia Ocupacional (TO) na implementação de SAAC, em crianças com PC, verificando a influência nas atividades, cuja participação está restringida por défices na comunicação. Metodologia: Scoping Review desenvolvida com base no guia orientador Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) e de acordo com o protocolo do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), encetada com pesquisa na b-on. Foi realizada uma análise categorial temática dos artigos com recurso ao software webQDA. Resultados: Foram selecionados 10 artigos, dos 353 estudos inicialmente encontrados, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão, demonstrando a contribuição do processo da TO, a importância de uma equipa multidisciplinar, bem como, a identificação de lacunas, que sugerem investimento em investigações futuras. Conclusão: A TO tem um papel pertinente na implementação de SAAC na: avaliação, com identificação das capacidades e necessidades a diferentes níveis, incluindo o posicionamento, tipo de acesso mais adequado e contextos; intervenção, através do posicionamento, da adaptação e treino de utilização de SAAC, de formação, consultadoria e advocacy das partes interessadas. A implementação de SAAC é uma área que ainda carece de investimento em investigação e formação. Introduction: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a Central Nervous System lesion with strong impact on functionality. The neuromusculoskeletal, sensory-perceptive and cognitive changes frequently originate complex communication needs, whose multidisciplinary intervention frequently involves the implementation of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems (AACS). The Occupational Therapist can collaborate in this intervention, especially when assistive technologies are involved. Objective: To describe the process of Occupational Therapy (OT) in the implementation of AACS in children with CP, checking the influence on the activities in which participation is restricted by communication deficits. Methodology: Scoping Review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocol, conducted using the b-on library. A thematic categorical analysis of the articles was performed using the webQDA software. Results: Ten articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria of the 353 studies initially found, demonstrating the contribution of the OT process, the importance of a multidisciplinary team, as well as the identification of gaps, which suggest investment in future research. Conclusion: OT has a relevant role in the implementation of an AACS: in the assessment, with identification of capacities and needs at different levels, including positioning, the most appropriate type of access and contexts and, in the intervention through positioning, adaptation and training in the use of the AACS, as well as training, consulting and advocacy of stakeholders. The implementation of AACSis an area that stil l needs investment in research and training. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

OHEJP project DISCOVER

The high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere have experienced the largest regional warming over the last decades. On the Greenland ice sheet, rapid changes are observed in response to temperature increase, with the amount of liquid water at the surface particularly increasing. Understanding Greenland’s ice sheet hydrology is essential to assess its contribution to global sea-level rise in a future warming climate.With the objective of maximizing the use of Earth Observation (EO) data, the European Space Agency (ESA) has funded the 2-year project 4DGreenland (https://4dgreenland.eo4cryo.dk/) to assess and quantify the hydrology of the Greenland ice sheet. The project is focused on dynamic variations in the hydrological components of the ice sheet, and on quantifying the water fluxes between reservoirs including surface melt, supraglacial lakes and rivers, and subglacial melt and lakes. Efforts will focus on a thorough analysis of various components of the hydrological network in selected test regions and their impact on ice sheet flow. 4DGreenland started in September 2020. Here, we will present the project objectives, methods, and show initial results obtained within the project such as a comparison of supraglacial lake depths from optical imagery and ICESat-2 altimetry data, estimation of basal melt water production, and identification and mapping of surface meltwater presence and subglacial lakes from EO data.

0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Introduction: In December 2019, a new coronavirus was described in China, causing the disease called COVID-19. In Portugal, the health system was forced to review his catastrophe response by expanding the global number of level III intensive care units (ICU) beds. Little is known about the impact that these adaptations have. Therefore, the authors carried out a comparative study of patients admitted in two units. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was developed in two units, an Intensive Care Unit dedicated to patients with COVID-19 and a Post Anesthetic Care Unit (PACU) converted into a COVID-ICU. Results: 23 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were admitted in unit 1, 11 in Unit 2. SAPS II was similar, but there was a significant difference in SOFA at admission (p=0.025). There was a significant difference in the number of acute respiratory distress syndrome (p=0.036) and the length of stay in the ICU (p=0.045). Mortality in the ICU (p=0.120) and at 28 days (p=0.116) was similar. Discussion: The differences found between the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) can be explained by the severity of respiratory dysfunction. The severity of respiratory dysfunction, infectious complications and the profile of patients admitted to the units (level II + III and level III) can contribute to the difference in hospital stay. Mortality after 28 days was lower in Unit 1 (13% vs 36.4%), but without statistical significance. Conclusion: The results found are globally similar. The team constitution with elements with different experiences and training seems to be a viable alternative during the pandemia., INTRODUÇÃO: Em dezembro de 2019 foi descrito na China um novo Coronavírus, responsável pela doença COVID-19. Em Portugal, o Sistema de Saúde foi obrigado a rever a resposta em catástrofe expandido o número global de camas de nível III. Sabe-se ainda pouco sobre o impacto que estas adaptações podem ter. Neste sentido, propomo-nos a realizar um estudo comparativo dos doentes admitidos em duas unidades. METODOLOGIA: Descreve-se um estudo retrospectivo observacional desenvolvido em dois centros, uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos dedicada a doentes com Covid e uma Unidade de Cuidados Pós Anestésica convertida a UCI-Covid. RESULTADOS: Na Unidade 1 foram admitidos 23 doentes por pneumonia a SARS-Cov-2 e na unidade 2, 11 doentes. O SAPS II foi semelhante, mas constatou-se uma diferença significativa no SOFA à admissão (p=0,025). Houve uma diferença significativa no número de ARDS (p=0,036) e no tempo de internamento na UCI (p=0,045). A mortalidade na UCI (p=0,120) e aos 28 dias (p=0,116) foi semelhante. DISCUSSÃO: A diferença no SOFA não consistente com o SAPS pode ser explicada pela gravidade da disfunção respiratória. A diferença no tempo de internamento pode ser explicada pela gravidade da disfunção respiratória, pelas complicações infeciosas e pelo perfil de doentes admitidos das unidades (nível II+ III e nível III). A mortalidade aos 28 dias da unidade 1 foi inferior à unidade 2 (13% Vs 36,4%), mas sem significado estatístico. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados encontrados são globalmente semelhantes. A constituição de equipas com experiências e formação diversa afigura-se como uma alternativa viável em tempos de pandemia.

Apresenta-se o caso clínico de uma jovem de 21 anos que evolui com insuficiência respiratória aguda hipoxémica, necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva e suporte por técnica de Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea em contexto de pneumonia bilateral a Metapneumovírus. Este caso surge numa altura em que o país enfrenta a doença COVID-19, causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, declarada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como pandemia internacional no dia 11 de março de 2020. Apesar de, ao longo do internamento desta doente, a dúvida de uma possível infeção a SARS-CoV-2 ter persistido, não foi descurado o diagnóstico etiológico diferencial, o que permitiu concluir tratar-se de um caso de pneumonia bilateral a Metapneumovírus. Este caso clínico tem como objetivo salientar a importância de um estudo etiológico completo, numa altura em que o foco diagnóstico tem sido estreito. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O novo coronavírus, designado SARS-CoV-2, foi identificado pela primeira vez em dezembro de 2019 na China e, desde então, tem provocado a doença COVID-19 a milhares de pessoas por todo o mundo, declarada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como pandemia internacional no dia 11 de março de 2020. Apresenta-se o caso clínico de um jovem de 24 anos, natural do Nepal, previamente saudável, que evolui com insuficiência respiratória aguda hipoxémica e necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva em contexto de pneumonia a SARSCoV-2. Apesar de um primeiro diagnóstico laboratorial negativo e ausência de critérios epidemiológicos, a elevada suspeição clínica determinou a realização de uma segunda pesquisa de infeção por SARS-CoV-2, que veio a confirmar o diagnóstico. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Submitted by Sandra Domingues (sandra.domingues@campus.ul.pt) on 2020-05-06T11:55:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_Sofia_2020.pdf: 2368850 bytes, checksum: cb3c8426bc3b651f23cac58f280c5b56 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-05-06T11:55:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_Sofia_2020.pdf: 2368850 bytes, checksum: cb3c8426bc3b651f23cac58f280c5b56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-04-16

Emergence and expansion of frequent multidrug-resistant (MDR) major Salmonella clones/serotypes has been a significant threat in the last years. Metal compounds, such as copper, commonly used in animal-production settings, have been pointed out as possible contributors for the selection of such strains/clones. However, the scarcity of studies limits our understanding of the impact of other metal environmental contaminants as arsenic (used in insecticides/herbicides/coccidiostats). We analysed arsenic tolerance (AsT) dispersion by phenotypic and genotypic (PCR/sequencing/I-CeuI/S1/XbaI-PFGE/hybridization) assays among Salmonella with diverse epidemiological and genetic backgrounds. Then, to better understand ars operon genetic contexts, the whole genome of five representative strains was sequenced. We found a high dispersion of ars operons conferring AsT, especially among copper-tolerant and relevant serotypes/clones related to pig-production setting. The acr3-type was found dispersed in the chromosome of diverse serotypes, including the emergent S. Rissen. Conversely, arsBII was almost confined to the MDR ST34 European clone of S. Typhimurium/S. 4,[5],12:i:-, always along with copper/silver tolerance sil + pco clusters in an integrative conjugative element. These data suggest that AsT is an essential adaptive feature for the ecological success of these epidemic clones/serotypes and alerts for global strategies to reduce arsenic-based compounds' impact thus preventing environmental/food contamination with frequent MDR foodborne pathogens.

Uma atuação ortodôntica preventiva pode trazer múltiplos benefícios para o paciente em crescimento. O presente estudo visa avaliar a previsibilidade e efetividade dos movimentos dentários com Invisalign® First, referente à fase precoce de dentição mista. Selecionaram-se 18 crianças, tratadas ortodonticamente de forma sequencial com Invisalign® First pela Professora Doutora Teresa Pinho na sua clínica privada. Avaliaram-se as fotografias intraorais e os modelos digitais Clincheck® em todas as fases de tratamento, registados com o scanner intraoral iTero®. Os movimentos estudados foram: desrotação molar; expansão da arcada dentária; recuperação de espaço; discrepância da linha média; correção sagital da relação molar; mordida cruzada posterior; mordida aberta e apinhamento. Registou-se o grau de dificuldade associado à sua resolução. Complementou-se o estudo com a aplicação de questionários às crianças e aos seus encarregados de educação. Os casos com recuperação de espaço, mordida aberta e apinhamento foram todos corrigidos. A correção da Classe molar é a que apresenta mais casos por corrigir. Um maior número de refinamentos foi realizado em casos de complexidade superior. O Invisalign® First parece ser efetivo e previsível na obtenção de resultados clínicos comparáveis com os modelos digitais ClinCheck®, contudo mais estudos são necessários. Um grau de dificuldade elevado permite a resolução da patologia, porém influencia a necessidade de refinamentos e logo a duração do tratamento. Destaca-se a necessidade futura de inclusão de mais casos, para suportar os resultados obtidos.

We present a theoretical description of the coupling between longitudinal optical phonons and collective excitations of a two-dimensional electron gas. By diagonalizing the Hamiltonian of the system, including Coulomb electron-electron and Fr\"ohlich interactions, we observe the formation of multisubband polarons, mixed states partially phonon and partially multisubband plasmon, characterized by a coupling energy which is a significant fraction, up to ~40%, of the phonon energy. We demonstrate that multisubband plasmons and longitudinal optical phonons are in the ultra-strong coupling regime in several III-V and II-VI material systems., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz A erosão dentária é uma patologia que leva à perda irreversível da estrutura dentária, podendo levar a alterações tanto a nível funcional como estético, impactando no conforto do dia-a-dia dos indivíduos. Visto que o consumo de bebidas erosivas, como os refrigerantes, tem vindo a aumentar exponencialmente com o passar dos anos, o estudo da erosão passou a ser um tópico de extremo interesse. Contudo, a grande variedade de métodos disponíveis para investigação leva a que os resultados de diferentes investigações sejam contraditórios e, portanto, ainda muitos temas sejam assunto de debate. Através da revisão da literatura científica e com base nessa observação, o objetivo do presente trabalho aplicar uma diferente metodologia no estudo da erosão que ainda não foi abordada: a microscopia ótica. Enquanto os diversos estudos existentes sobre a erosão usam essencialmente a microscopia eletrónica, este projeto terá como foco a convencional microscopia ótica, de modo a se perceber se será uma nova metodologia viável no estudo deste tema e economicamente mais acessível. Dental erosion is a pathology that leads to an irreversible loss of the dental structure, which can lead to changes in both functional and aesthetic levels, impacting on the daily comfort of individuals. Since the consumption of erosive beverages, such as soft drinks, has been increasing exponentially over the years, the study of erosion has become a topic of extreme interest. However, the wide variety of methods available for research mean that the results of different investigations are contradictory and therefore many topics are still subject to debate. Through the review of the scientific literature and based on this observation, the objective of this paper is to apply a different methodology in the study of erosion that has not yet been addressed: optical microscopy. While the various existing erosion studies primarily use electron microscopy, this project will focus on conventional optical microscopy, to see if it will be a viable new method for studying this subject and economically more accessible.

Trata-se de um estudo acerca das ações pedagógicas que envolvem o Projeto “Letramento, regionalismo e interatividade” realizado no CEJA Donaninha Arruda. A investigação objetiva mensurar a relevância das práticas de letramento literário na EJA, por meio do viés didático-metodológico da informática educativa, com foco na temática regionalismo. O indentitário da cultura cearense é abordado através do legado literário de Patativa do Assaré. O estudo contempla os critérios teórico-metodológicos da pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, com constatações in loco e observações participativas. Para a tessitura desse trabalho, recorreu-se a produções de autores como Freire, Soares, Cosson e Braga, dentre outros. Constatou-se que o ensino dos códigos linguísticos pautado no letramento literário e digital propiciou aulas mais dinâmicas e atrativas. O “poeta-agricultor”, com sua poesia em linguagem regional e inteligível (ora crítica ora bem-humorada) e seu exemplo de vida, tornou-se uma referência para os discentes.

ePoster of the project FEMINA protocol for presenting at the XVI European Congress of Psychology.

To repair soft tissue, it is vital to ensure that the biomaterial is able to mimic the complex elasticity of the native tissue. Substrate stiffness has a huge influence on cell physiology and behaviour. The present study presents a set of polymeric films as initial support matrix of cells. A range of synthetic biodegradable polymers was selected according to the physico-chemical intrinsic properties of aliphatic polymers. They have similar chemistry (absorbable polyesters made from lactic acid, glycolic acid, trimethylene carbonate, dioxanone & β-caprolactone), however show different mechanical and degradation properties. The films were manufactured by thermal presser and then characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of the films were assessed by uniaxial tensile tests in wet conditions and also by atomic force microscopy. In vitro as says were performed to assess the cell cytocompatibility, proliferation and differentiation potential of the films. The mechanical properties of the materials are within the range intended for musculoskeletal tissue repair. Biological assays showed good cell adhesion, cell proliferation and cell viability. In the future, the combined effect of stiffness and topography will be assessed on cell phenotype maintenance. "This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 676338" (Ref: email from Oonagh Dwane 22/05/2020) Not

Applied to health, literacy enhances the capacity to make the decisions that are necessary for autonomous health management. With this position paper, we intend to defend the thesis that the conditions for creating a national strategy for health literacy in Portugal along the life course are strengthened by the modernization of the National Health Service (SNS). First, we conducted a scope review on health literacy, and then we collected data on the National Strategy for Health Literacy and the different actions around it. The Literacy Program in Health and Care Integration, aligned with the modernization program of the National Health Service "SNS + Proximidade," has been developed based on a life course approach. On the other hand, the National Strategy for Health Literacy, in addition to encompassing different dimensions of health literacy, from the individual and community level to the health systems, also presents strategic opportunities for intervention in contexts associated with different determinants of health. The digital Health Literacy Library of the SNS Portal is the first tool to integrate this strategy, being a digital repository of resources to support the promotion of health literacy, accessible at all times. These resources include interactive digital health books and the "My Health Journal," encouraging people to organize their health information and take control of their health throughout their lives. The strategy also includes plans to bring these resources to people in various everyday contexts, such as public libraries, schools, and day centers, enabling their activation. At the same time, the digital modernization of the SNS allows health information to be made available in the Citizen Area of the SNS Portal, for example, by facilitating each citizen's access to their health information in a confidential way. The entire process of implementing the health literacy strategy is dynamic and aims to encourage all citizens to participate in its construction and evaluation, and consequently in its adaptation and continuous improvement. published

A dor é um dos sintomas mais temidos pelas pessoas com doença oncológica. Geralmente crónica, porque persiste durante três ou mais meses para além da lesão que a originou, tem uma função destrutiva e adversa. É um sintoma multidimensional com componentes físicos, sociais, emocionais e espirituais, pelo que não deve ser considerada um mero sintoma, mas sim uma doença em si mesma. Dado o fenómeno da dor crónica comprometer o conforto este projeto apoiou-se na Teoria do Conforto de Katherine Kolcaba. Apesar da diversidade de intervenções descritas na literatura, a gestão da dor crónica continua inadequada devido a várias barreiras. Disto mesmo se deu conta numa auditoria feita por corte transversal às notas de enfermagem de 24h de 31 processos, pelo que foi pensado um projeto com intervenção que respondesse à questão “Quais as intervenções do enfermeiro na gestão da dor crónica da pessoa com doença oncológica?”. Este tem como finalidade promover a melhoria dos cuidados de enfermagem prestados na gestão da dor crónica à pessoa com doença oncológica e, a aquisição de competências, comuns ao enfermeiro especialista, do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem médico-cirúrgica, do enfermeiro especialista em oncologia e associadas à obtenção do grau de mestre. Na execução do projeto adotou-se a metodologia de protocolo de revisão scoping na pesquisa bibliográfica, foi construído um instrumento para auditoria aos registos da dor nas notas de enfermagem e respetivos indicadores, um guia de colheita de dados para avaliar e intervir junto da pessoa com dor crónica com várias escalas anexadas para avaliar a dor e o desconforto e uma proposta de fluxograma para a gestão da dor crónica. A formação dos enfermeiros no serviço teve uma parte teórica, com duas sessões de formação, e prática, com disponibilização dos instrumentos desenvolvidos e contínuos atos de supervisão sobre os cuidados prestados pela equipa a pessoas com dor oncológica ou não. A auditoria feita no final do processo revelou aumento da capacidade da equipa intervir na pessoa com dor, verificando-se uma melhoria dos indicadores, nomeadamente, da taxa de conformidade na seleção adequada da escala de 29% para 90% e da taxa de registo da avaliação das intervenções desenvolvidas de 0% para 90%.

A dissertação Genética Forense – Análises de ADN, Perfis Genéticos e Direitos Fundamentais dos Arguidos irá abordar a prova genética, aquando da extração de material genético dos arguidos com finalidade de se traçar um perfil genético para posterior comparação com vestígios recolhidos, passando a constar em ficheiro contido numa base de dados de perfis de ADN, permitindo alcançar-se a identificação do autor do crime ou dissipar a eventual prova. Abordaremos os casos de recusa do arguido em ser utilizado como meio de prova na extração de ADN, realizando-se de forma coerciva, averiguando-se questões de consentimento e legitimidade do uso da força e recorrendo-se, para tanto, a decisões judiciais dos Tribunais Portugueses na admissibilidade da coercibilidade na aferição da prova de ADN em contraposição com o exercício dos direitos de defesa dos arguidos – direito ao silêncio e à não autoincriminação – princípio nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare. The forensic genetic dissertation - DNA analyses, genetic profiles and defendants fundamental rights will approach the genetic proof by the extraction of genetic material from the defendants for the purpose of tracing a genetic profile to posterior comparison with the collected traces. This information will be included on a DNA profile’s database file allowing identification of the perpetrator of the crime or dissipate the eventual proof. We will approach defendants refusal cases being used as an evidence on DNA extraction, carried out coercively, ascertaining questions of agreement and legitimacy regarding the use of the force and using judicial Portuguese courts decisions on the admissibility of coercivity as a way to obtain the DNA proof in contraposition with the exercise of the defendants defense rights - right to silence and non self-incrimination - principle nemo tenetur se ipsum accusane.

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

The coffee produced in the mountainous region of Maciço de Baturité is appreciated because its agroforestry, arabic and free of pesticides, characteristics that result in a more nutritious aliment. In this geographic space, the coffee tree is consorted with other cultures, contributing to the environmental balance, the fertilization of the ground and the containment of plagues. For local producers, to utilize agrobiodiversity is a way to work the local productive arrangements respecting the varietys and variability of regional animals, plants and microorganisms. In this focus, the present work seeks to analyze the production of agroforestry coffee in the region, more precisely in the municipalities of Baturité, Mulungu and Guaramiranga, through a historical-social approach. The study covers the theoretical and methodological criteria of bibliographical research with findings in loco through participatory observations. The temporal cut-off covers the second half of 2016 and the first half of 2017, whereas different temporalities for the bibliographic study. It can be inferred that coffee production in an agroforestry system in the region is practiced seeing the knowledge acumulated about conservation and use of natural resources, made in an area with legal restrictions, favoring positive impacts on the environment by the bias sustainable extractivism, food security and income generation. O café produzido na região serrana do Maciço de Baturité é apreciado por ser agroflorestal, arábico, livre de agrotóxicos, características estas que resultam num alimento mais nutritivo. Nesse espaço geográfico, o cafeeiro encontra-se consorciado com outras culturas, contribuindo para a fertilização do solo, a contenção de pragas e o equilíbrio ecológico. Para os agricultores familiares, utilizar a agrobiodiversidade é uma forma de trabalhar os arranjos produtivos locais respeitando as variedades e a variabilidade de animais, plantas e microrganismos da região. Nesse foco, o presente trabalho busca analisar a produção do café agroflorestal na região, mais precisamente nos municípios de Baturité, Mulungu e Guaramiranga, por meio de uma abordagem histórico-social. O estudo contempla os critérios teórico-metodológicos da pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, com constatações in loco através de observações participativas. O recorte temporal para análise em campo abrange o segundo semestre de 2016 e o primeiro de 2017, considerando diferentes temporalidades para o estudo bibliográfico. Pode-se inferir que a cafeicultura em sistema agroflorestal na região é praticada levando em consideração a sabedoria acumulada sobre conservação e uso dos recursos naturais, feita em área com restrições legais, favorecendo impactos positivos para o meio ambiente, através do viés extrativismo sustentável, segurança alimentar e geração de renda.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018 Submitted by Sofia Amador (sofiamador@fm.ul.pt) on 2020-03-24T10:43:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SofiaBRibeiro.pdf: 1352437 bytes, checksum: 3fcd945cd4edf46c14baa6576ae9087e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-24T11:59:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SofiaBRibeiro.pdf: 1352437 bytes, checksum: 3fcd945cd4edf46c14baa6576ae9087e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

Advanced experimental techniques and modelling are necessary to predict the evolution of existing structures and design more sustainable materials and structural systems. An Extended Round Robin Testing program (RRT+) has been designed within COST Action TU 1404 “Towards the next generation of standards for service life of cement-based materials and structures”. The RRT+ program provides a platform to compare non-standardized techniques. The results presented in this paper are related to “Volume stability” with a focus on autogenous deformation. 11 laboratories were actually involved in the testing program. They used different measuring techniques but the preliminary results showed good overall agreement. A deeper analysis requires data related to hydration and hardening kinetics. The tested concrete mixtures showed relatively low shrinkage magnitudes. The evolution of autogenous deformations is discussed taking into account their stress-inducing potential.

In the past decade, research on long-term persistence of phytoplankton resting stages has intensified. Simultaneously, insight into life-cycle variability in the diverse groups of phytoplankton has also increased. Aquatic 'seed banks' have tremendous significance and show many interesting parallels to terrestrial seed beds of vascular plants, but are much less studied. It is therefore timely to review the phenomenon of long-term persistence of aquatic resting stages in sediment seed banks. Herein we compare function, morphology and physiology of phytoplankton resting stages to factors central for persistence of terrestrial seeds. We review the types of resting stages found in different groups of phytoplankton and focus on the groups for which long-term (multi-decadal) persistence has been shown: dinoflagellates, diatoms, green algae and cyanobacteria. We discuss the metabolism of long-term dormancy in phytoplankton resting stages and the ecological, evolutionary and management implications of this important trait. Phytoplankton resting stages exhibiting long-term viability are characterized by thick, often multi-layered walls and accumulation vesicles containing starch, lipids or other materials such as pigments, cyanophycin or unidentified granular materials. They are reported to play central roles in evolutionary resilience and survival of catastrophic events. Promising areas for future research include the role of hormones in mediating dormancy, elucidating the mechanisms behind metabolic shut-down and testing bet-hedging hypotheses.

As policy networks, bem como as comunidades epistémicas, desempenham um papel fundamental nos processos e decisão política no âmbito da União Europeia, em diversas áreas funcionais, sendo uma delas a saúde. A problematização e explicação dos diversos assuntos discutidos a nível da União Europeia podem ser analisados através do contributo das diversas comunidades epistémicas. Este trabalho procura avaliar a contribuição da Representação da Organização Mundial de Saúde junto da União Europeia na formulação de políticas de saúde, analisando a sua atuação em diversas áreas e a sua interação com outros parceiros. São utilizados dois casos de estudo para ilustrar a complexidade da formulação de políticas de saúde a nível da União Europeia, e também a interação das policy networks e comunidades epistémicas nas temáticas do álcool e do tabaco. Neste relatório são igualmente descritos os objetivos do estágio e as atividades realizadas durante o mesmo, terminando com uma apreciação críticas das mesmas e do funcionamento da instituição. Conclui-se que a Representação da Organização Mundial de Saúde junto da União Europeia desempenha um papel importante na formulação de políticas de saúde a nível da União Europeia, pelo seu estatuto técnico e imparcial. Policy networks, as epistemic communities, play an importante role in the processes and in political decision in the European Union in several areas, one of them being health. The problematization and explanation of the several aspecrs discussed at European Union level can be analyzed through the contribute of several epistemic communities. This work aims to evaluate the contribution of the Representation of the World Health Organization to the European Union in health policy making, by analyzing its action in several areas and also the interaction with other stakeholders. Two case studies are used to ilustrate the complexity of policymaking in health at European Union level, and also the interaction of the policy networks and epistemic communities in the topics of alcohol and tobacco. The objectives of the internship and the activities conducted are also described in this report, which ends with a critical appraisal of those and the functioning of the receiving institution. We conclude that the Representation of the World Health Organization to the European Union has an importante role in health policy making at European Union level, due to its technical and impartial status.

Submitted by Jagundo Delfina (fina@ese.ipp.pt) on 2017-09-19T10:21:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_SofiaRibeiro_2017.pdf: 2267869 bytes, checksum: ec4b06872f6e2e9c377bcad6afbe35ec (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-19T10:21:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_SofiaRibeiro_2017.pdf: 2267869 bytes, checksum: ec4b06872f6e2e9c377bcad6afbe35ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017

RIBEIRO, Sofia Regina Paiva. A produção do café agroflorestal no maciço de Baturité: uma abordagem histórico-social. 2017. 99 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Curso de Mestrado Acadêmico em Sociobiodiversidade e Tecnologias Sustentáveis, Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-brasileira, Redenção-Ceara, 2017. O café produzido na região serrana do Maciço de Baturité é apreciado por ser agroflorestal, 100% arábico, livre de agrotóxicos e resíduos químicos, características estas que resultam num alimento mais nutritivo e valorizado. A cafeicultura serrana está inserida numa Área de Proteção Ambiental - APA, a maior extensão preservada de remanescente da Mata Atlântica no Ceará. Nesse espaço geográfico, o cafeeiro encontra-se consorciado com outras culturas, contribuindo para a fertilização do solo, a contenção de pragas e o equilíbrio ecológico. Para os produtores locais, conservar a biodiversidade é imprescindível à sustentabilidade ambiental. Nesse foco, o presente trabalho busca analisar a produção do café agroflorestal na região do Maciço de Baturité, mais precisamente nos municípios de Baturité, Mulungu e Guaramiranga, por meio de uma abordagem histórico-social. O estudo contempla os critérios teóricometodológicos da pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, com constatações in loco através de observações participativas. O recorte temporal para análise em campo abrange o segundo semestre de 2016 e o primeiro de 2017, considerando diferentes temporalidades para o estudo bibliográfico. Pode-se inferir que a cafeicultura em sistema agroflorestal na região, inobstante praticada em área com restrições legais, traz impactos positivos para o meio ambiente, o produtor e o consumidor, tanto numa perspectiva ecológica como socioeconômica.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Biologia Clínica Laboratorial A poluição dos ecossistemas aquáticos, nomeadamente dos estuários, tem origem em diversas atividades antropogénicas e pode afetar os organismos aquáticos, incluindo os peixes. Estes podem ser utilizados como uma fonte de diversos biomarcadores, em particular os histopatológicos para avaliar o efeito da poluição. Em 2014 foram capturadas 100 tainhas (59 tainhas em fevereiro e 41 em novembro - 40 Liza aurata, 59 Chelon labrosus e um Liza ramada), das quais apenas 29% (30/100) eram machos. Com este trabalho pretendemos identificar possíveis oócitos na gónada masculina fazendo a determinação da sua prevalência e severidade utilizando o Índice de Severidade de Ovotestis (ISO) com base na metodologia de Bateman et al., (2004). Por outro lado, fazer a identificação das principais lesões e alterações hepáticas e sua avaliação semi-quantitativa utilizando uma gradação de 0 a 7 (valor máximo) segundo metodologia de Carrola (2003). Apenas 3% (1/30) dos peixes macho (Chelon labrosus) apresentava baixa densidade de oócitos - 3 oócitos primários, originando um baixo valor de ISO (±0,04) o qual corresponde à classe 1. Embora não tenham sido detetadas quaisquer macrolesões (externas e internas), após uma análise histológica ao fígado de 60 tainhas (das quais 30 capturadas em fevereiro e 30 em novembro) observaram-se algumas lesões e alterações hepáticas, sendo que as mais observadas foram, agregados macrofágicos, focos linfóciticos, necrose, focos inflamatórios e granulomas inespecificos, e as que apresentaram maior grau de frequência e severidade foram, os agregados macrofágicos, granulomas inespecificos e focos linfóciticos. Os dados obtidos neste estudo mostram baixa prevalência e muito baixa severidade de ovotestis refletindo uma baixa exposição a CDE principalmente pela via alimentar, apesar de existirem quantidades consideráveis de CDE neste estuário. Isto deve-se à redução considerável de partículas em suspensão à saída dos esgotos relacionada com as ETARs deixando de ter alimento disponível. Também foi observada uma baixa prevalência e severidade de lesões e alterações hepáticas o que indica que os peixes estiveram expostos a níveis baixos de poluição. Podemos ainda concluir que os peixes analisados não estiveram expostos ao longo da sua vida a quantidades suficientes de desreguladores endócrinos, que induzissem o aparecimento da condição de intersexo – ovotestis, ou de outros tóxicos que pudessem levar a efeitos hepatotóxicos. The pollution of aquatic ecosystems, including estuaries, comes from various anthropogenic activities and may affect aquatic organisms, including fish. These may be used as a source of various biomarkers, in particular histopathological biomarkers, to evaluate the effect of pollution. In 2014, 100 mullets were captured (59 mullets in february and 41 in november - 40 Liza aurata, 59 Chelon labrosus and one Liza ramada), of which only 29% (30/100) were males. The aims of this work is identify possible oocytes in male gonads making the determination of its prevalence and severity using the Ovotestis Severity Index (OSI) based on the methodology of Bateman et al., (2004). On the other hand, make the identification of main hepatic lesions and alterations, and its semi-quantitative evaluation using a gradient from 0 to 7 (maximum value) using Carrola (2003) methodology. Only 3% (1/30) of male fish (Chelon labrosus) had low density oocytes - 3 primary oocytes, resulting in a low OSI value (± 0.04) which corresponds to class 1. Although not detected any macrolesions (external and internal) after a histological analysis of the 60 mullets liver (30 captured in february and 30 in november) we observed some liver lesions and alterations and the most observed were, macrophage aggregates, lymphocytic foci, necrosis, inflammatory foci and nonspecific granulomas, and those with the greatest degree of frequency and severity were the macrophage aggregates, nonspecific granulomas and lymphocytic foci. Our data show low prevalence and very low severity of ovotestis reflecting a low exposure to EDC mainly through food, though there are considerable amounts of EDC in this estuary. This is due to the considerable reduction of particles in suspension at the outlet of sewage related to the WWTP allowing food to be available. Also a low prevalence and severity of liver lesions and alterations indicating that the fish were exposed to low levels of pollution. We can still conclude that the analyzed fish have not been exposed throughout their lives to sufficient quantities of EDC, which induce the appearance of intersex condition - ovotestis, or other toxic that could lead to hepatotoxic effects.

O artigo descreve de uma forma resumida a ação COST TU1404 ‘ Towards the next generation of standards for service life of cement - based materials and structures ’, no âmbito da qual se encontra em desenvolvimento um programa de ensaios inter - laboratoriais denominado RRT+: ‘Extended Round Robin Testing Programme’. O programa de ensaios tem vários objetivos, compreendendo a validação mútua entre laboratórios, o estabelecimento e prova-de-conceito de protocolos experimentais inovadores, bem como facilitar o ensaio comparativo de novas misturas (nomeadamente ao nível dos eco-betões). O programa RRT+ envolve 42 instituições , maioritariamente europeias, quatro das quais são Portuguesas: Universidade do Minho, Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa e Teixeira Duarte, Engenhariae Construções S.A. Descrevem-se no artigo as características principais do programa RRT+, bem como o envolvimento das equipas portuguesas no mesmo. São também discutidos os principais resultados da fase preliminar de ensaios, em que se pretendeu garantir que todos os laboratórios produzissem betão idêntico com base nos materiais disseminados pela organização do RRT+, Apoio financeiro da ‘COST Association’, materializado através do financiamento parcial cedido na disseminação dos materiais, através da ação COST TU1404. Agradece-se também a todos os participantes do RRT+ que concordaram com a partilha de informação dos resultados globais no âmbito da sua participação neste ensaio inter-laboratorial. Este trabalho foi parcialmente financiado por fundos FEDER através do Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade e por fundos nacionais através da Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia no âmbito dos projetos POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633 e PTDC/ECM-EST/1056/2014

Summary Objective: To compare nutritional risk in adult patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the beginning, middle, and end of oncologic treatment. Method: This prospective, comparative study included 83 adult patients, 44 undergoing chemotherapy (CT group) and 39 undergoing radiotherapy (RT group) at an oncology treatment center. Nutritional risk was determined by NRS-2002 in the beginning, middle, and end of therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 8.0 software. Results: No differences in food intake or body mass index were observed between the CT (24.6±4.8 kg/m²) and RT groups (25.0±5.9 kg/m², p=0.75). Weight loss in the preceding 3 months was detected in 56.8% of CT group and 38.5% of RT group (p=0.09). The weight loss percentage compared with the usual weight within 3 months was greater (p

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Civil A presente dissertação aborda um estudo que se baseia na análise experimental e numérica de elementos estruturais de madeira antigos, mais precisamente, as paredes de tabique. O principal objetivo da realização deste trabalho de investigação consistiu em caracterizar e identificar diversas tipologias de soluções estruturais existentes de paredes de tabique. Dos elementos estruturais de madeira disponíveis no laboratório de estruturas da UTAD, efetuou-se um levantamento minucioso das dimensões e das patologias que cada amostra apresentava. A finalidade do trabalho de caracterização detalhada das amostras reais, serviu para se conseguir modelar numericamente de forma mais rigorosa as paredes de tabique que se submeteram a um ensaio de flexão à escala real. Com os resultados obtidos experimentalmente, através da realização do ensaio à flexão em três pontos de diversas paredes de tabique, foi possível perceber o comportamento que as paredes simples e duplas de madeira antigas apresentam quando submetidas a uma carga linearmente distribuída, bem como, o deslocamento máximo que atingem até alcançar um estado de rotura. Paralelamente à realização do trabalho experimental, criaram-se alguns modelos numéricos que fossem capazes de simular numericamente o comportamento que as amostras reais de parede de tabique tiveram durante os ensaios de maneira a conseguir obter os mesmos resultados. Contudo, chegou-se à conclusão que embora os modelos numéricos idealizados exibam valores numéricos bastantes semelhantes aos valores experimentais, seria fundamental conhecer previamente as verdadeiras propriedades mecânicas do material madeira, tais como, a classe de resistência da madeira antiga das paredes. Esta tarefa não foi âmbito deste trabalho de investigação. Por último, e depois de afinados os modelos numéricos, optou-se por analisar o comportamento estrutural de diversas tipologias estruturais de paredes de tabique face à atuação de ações horizontais e verticais, e com o intuito de perceber melhor o desempenho estrutural destes elementos construtivos. This master thesis intends to give a contribution on the study tabique walls. In particular, it is focused on studying the structural behaviour of these Portuguese traditional building elements and following other research works already done in this topic. Therefore, an experimental and a numerical analysis of some real samples of tabique walls are conducted. This research work also intends is to characterize and identify different types of regular structural solutions of tabique walls. Based on real samples, a detailed survey of pathologies was also performed. This data will be helpful in the numerical simulation of these structural elements. Bending tests were performed using some tabique wall samples. These tests were extremely helpful because they gave guidance to understand the structural behaviour of this type of wall. Single and double walls were tested in bending. The respective experimental results were valuable to define numerical models of these elements. As a result, numerical models of different traditional structural solutions of tabique walls are proposed. The first proposed numerical models were validated by the experimental results because there was acceptable similarity between numerical and experimental structural behaviours. However, it was concluded that it is relevant to know the real mechanical properties of the timber such as the strength class. This technical aspect was not expected to perform in this research work. The proposed numerical models were than able to study the different structural solution of tabique walls under alternative loading cases (vertical and horizontal, in plane of the wall).

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We propose a quantum thermal machine composed of two nanomechanical resonators (NMR) (two membranes suspended over a trench in a substrate), placed a few $\mu$m from each other. The quantum thermodynamical cycle is powered by the Casimir interaction between the resonators and the working fluid is the polariton resulting from the mixture of the flexural (out-of-plane) vibrations. With the help of piezoelectric cells, we select and sweep the polariton frequency cyclically. We calculate the performance of the proposed quantum thermal machines and show that high efficiencies are achieved thanks to (i) the strong coupling between the resonators and (ii) the large difference between the membrane stiffnesses. Our findings can be of particular importance for applications in nanomechanical technologies where a sensitive control of temperature is needed., Comment: Quantum thermal machines, Casimir effect, mechanical resonators, finite-time thermodynamics