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A new freshwater goby, Rhinogobius immaculatus sp. nov. , is described here from the Qiantang River in China. It is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: second dorsal-fin rays I, 7–9; anal-fin rays I, 6–8; pectoral-fin rays 14–15; longitudinal scales 29–31; transverse scales 7–9; predorsal scales 2–5; vertebrae 27 (rarely 28); preopercular canal absent or with two pores; a red oblique stripe below eye in males; branchiostegal membrane mostly reddish-orange, with 3–6 irregular discrete or connected red blotches on posterior branchiostegal membrane and lower operculum in males; caudal-fin base with a median black spot; and no black blotch on anterior part of first dorsal fin in males.

Grapevine red blotch-associated virus (GRBaV) is a newly identified virus of grapevines and a putative member of a new genus within the family Geminiviridae. This virus is associated with red blotch disease that was first reported in California in 2008. It affects the profitability of vineyards by substantially reducing fruit quality and ripening. In red-berried grapevine cultivars, foliar disease symptoms consist of red blotches early in the season that can expand and coalesce across most of the leaf blade later in the season. In white-berried grapevine cultivars, foliar disease symptoms are less conspicuous and generally involve irregular chlorotic areas that may become necrotic late in the season. Determining the GRBaV genome sequence yielded critical information for the design of primers for polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostics. To date, GRBaV has been reported in the major grape-growing areas in North America and two distinct phylogenetic clades have been described. Spread of GRBaV is suspected in certain vineyards but a vector of epidemiological significance has yet to be identified. Future research will need to focus on virus spread, the production of clean planting stocks, and the development of management options that are effective, economical, and environmentally friendly.

Among crotaphytids, the blunt-nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia sila) is one of only 2 species known in which adults do not have permanent dichromatic patterns, but both males and females display bright breeding colors. Males in most populations develop a salmon color over most of their head and body, whereas females develop rusty red blotches laterally along the head and trunk. Also unusual is the yellow color exhibited by juveniles. Between 1992 and 1994, we captured adult and juvenile G. sila on the Elkhorn Plain, San Luis Obispo County, California, and scored individuals for their coloration. Juvenile G. sila developed a yellow color on the undersides of their hind limbs and tail that was apparent when they were about 55 mm snout-vent length (SVL) and was prominent until about 85 to 90 mm SVL. Both males and females developed breeding colors between 85 and 95 mm SVL. Breeding colors of adults developed soon after they emerged each year in April or early May, and most adults retained breeding col...

This paper reports the occurrence of a marine brachyuran crab species Eucrate alcocki Serene, in Serene et al., 1973, of the family Euryplacidae Stimpson, 1871, for first time from India, based on a male specimen from Parangipettai fish landing centre in Bay of Bengal, Southeast Coast of India. Although morphologically corresponding with what is currently defined as E. alcocki, the color pattern of the carapace of the present specimen is rather different from that of the Chinese material-only the anterior fifth of the carapace is marked with scattered red spots, the rest of the surface is yellowish, with four unusually shaped red blotches which almost look like Sanskrit characters.

We describe two new species of Phrynopus from cloud forests of the Cordillera de Carpish, Departamento de Huanuco incentral Peru, increasing the number of currently known Phrynopus to 23. Phrynopus interstinctus n. sp. is described basedon one female (SVL 23.8 mm) and two males (SVL 14.9–16.5 mm). Specimens were found between 3100 and 3180 melevation. This species has weakly developed dorsolateral folds, minute dentigerous processes of vomers, no tympanum,and coloration in life consisting of a reddish-brown, dark grayish-brown or olive-brown dorsum, a black venter with whiteblotches and flecks, and a black groin with large white blotches that are partially pale salmon. Phrynopus vestigiatus n. sp. is described based on a single female (SVL 18.8 mm) specimen that was found at 3100 m elevation. This species hasprominent, discontinuous, undulated dorsolateral folds, a X-shaped ridge in occipital region, a middorsal Y-shaped ridge,short postocular folds, minute dentigerous processes of vomers, no tympanum, and a coloration in life consisting of a creamish-brown dorsum, a dark brown venter with white spots, and a dark brown groin with red blotches.

We describe a new species of Psychrophrynella from a single locality in the Cordillera Real, in the Andes of Department of La Paz, Bolivia. Psychrophrynella teqta sp. nov. is highly variable in color pattern and differs from the species geographically closer mostly by presenting yellow or red blotches, usually absent in other species. In addition, the new species differs from all species in the genus because the males have a pulsed call. Males of this species show parental care, and the high number of eggs per nest suggest that perhaps more than one clutch might be attended by a single male. As other species in the genus, the new species is infected by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, and thus, a conservation threat is already present upon its discovery.

My interest was particularly attracted by experience with the following cases: Case 1. —On Oct. 9, 1896, there appeared at my office a young man, 28 years of age, who came to consult me about a peculiar skin eruption which had caused him much annoyance, not because of any irritation at the site of the lesions, but rather because of the consequent disfiguration. He gave the following history: He was an American; had been practicing dentistry for four years; was married and the father of two children; had never suffered from any serious disease, and had never had a skin eruption before; there was no history of gonorrhea or chancre. The present eruption occurred about two weeks previously in the form of small red blotches, erythematous in appearance. It was accompanied with violent headache and a feeling of general debility. Since then small papules appeared on the chest, back, face

Perlman 1 and Milberg 2 reported good results from the use of undecylenic acid by mouth in the treatment of psoriasis and neurodermatitis. Perlman restated his belief in its value at the meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology and Syphilology in Chicago in December 1949. Among the side effects of the drug, exfoliative dermatitis was reported by Behrman. 3 I had a similar case, herewith reported. REPORT OF CASE A white man aged 33 had mild psoriasis of the extensor surfaces of elbows and knees for the past seven years. His general health had always been good. With the exception of his psoriasis, his past history was noncontributory. On July 15, 1949 his family physician prescribed for him undecylenic acid. After the patient had taken nine capsules daily for two weeks, he began to feel nauseated and to vomit. He noticed red blotches on his face, chest and back.