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Context: Pathological vaginal discharges are one of the most common reasons for referring to gynecological clinics. The use of herbal medicines has been considered as an effective and low-complication treatment method in recent years. In this study, we introduce Teucrium polium according to traditional Persian medicine and modern medicine’s point of view to investigate the antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects of T. polium on common pathogens in vaginitis. Evidence Acquisition: This study is a simple review based on studies conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Scopus databases, from October 1984 to June 2019. Finally, 58 articles were selected from 88 for the final review. Results: The results indicate that T. polium is a potential source of antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant in producing plant products for vaginal infections treatment thanks to its flavonoid compounds, sesquiterpenes, α-pinene, and linalool. Conclusions: Teucrium polium can be considered as a potential source for vaginal infection treatments. Much clinical research has not been conducted on its use in vaginal infection treatment, so it is recommended to conduct more clinical trials to prove the T. polium’s efficiency against common microorganisms in vaginitis and its treatment.

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is defined as painful menstrual in the absence of any pelvic pathology. Nowadays, the first line treatment is the use of NSAIDs that unfortunately has contraindication and side effects. Persian Medicine has noted menstrual pain with the defined treatments by use of herbs and herbal formulations. The aim of this study is to introduce the medicinal plants used to treat menstrual and uterine pains (M & UP) in Persian Medicine for evaluating in field of PD. For this purpose, first the medicinal plants used to treat M & UP were listed using prominent Persian Medicine references. In the next step, data were collected in relation to treat PD by searching in ‘Google Scholar’, ‘Scopus’, ‘PubMed’ and ‘SID’ databases between 2000 and 2016. Finally, the plants from identified Persian Medicine list, whose effect on PD have been revealed in modern literatures were introduced. According to this review, more than 100 medicinal plants were recommended for the treatment of M & UP in Persian Medicine. They belong to 60 plant families, the most frequent of which are Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae and Lamiaceae, respectively. Also, only about 13% of the aforementioned medicinal plants have been evaluated for the treatment of PD. It seems that many plants have been introduced in Persian Medicine for the treatment of menstrual pain, which have not yet been evaluated for their therapeutic effects and precise mechanisms of action. Thus, the introduced plants could be suitable candidates for future investigations.