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2 results on '"Rapeport G"'

1. Reduced nasal viral load and IFN responses in infants with RSV bronchiolitis and respiratory failure

Author

Thwaites, RS, Coates, M, Ito, K, Ghazaly, M, Feather, C, Abdulla, F, Tunstall, T, Jain, P, Cass, L, Rapeport, G, Hansel, TT, Nadel, S, Openshaw, PJ, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, and National Institute for Health Research

Subjects
Male, YOUNG-CHILDREN, respiratory syncytial virus, Respiratory System, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, INTERFERONS, Critical Care Medicine, viral bronchiolitis, General & Internal Medicine, INFECTION, Bronchiolitis, Viral, Humans, nasosorption, innate immunity, NEUTROPHILS, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Science & Technology, T-CELL EXHAUSTION, Infant, Newborn, Infant, interferon, ASSOCIATION, respiratory system, Viral Load, CYTOKINE, Nasal Mucosa, PRIMARY RSV BRONCHIOLITIS, DISEASE SEVERITY, RISK-FACTORS, Cytokines, Female, Chemokines, Respiratory Insufficiency, Transcriptome, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

RATIONALE: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infancy. Severe disease is thought to result from uncontrolled viral replication, an excessive immune response, or both. OBJECTIVES: To determine RSV load and immune mediator levels in nasal mucosal lining fluid by serial sampling of nasal fluids from cases of moderate and severe bronchiolitis over the course of infection. METHODS: Infants with viral bronchiolitis necessitating admission (n=55) were recruited from a paediatric centre during 2016/17. Of these, 30 were RSV infected (18 'moderate', and 12 mechanically ventilated 'severe'). Nasal fluids were sampled frequently over time using nasosorption devices and nasophayngeal aspiration (NPA). Hierarchical clustering of time weighted averages (TWA) was performed to investigate cytokine and chemokine levels, and gene expression profiling was conducted. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Unexpectedly, cases of severe RSV bronchiolitis had lower nasal viral loads and reduced interferon (IFN)-γ and CCL5/RANTES levels compared to those with moderate disease, especially when allowance was made for disease duration (all P

Published
2018

2. Nasosorption is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure for measurement of viral load and markers of mucosal inflammation in RSV bronchiolitis

Author

Thwaites, RS, Ito, K, Chingono, JMS, Coates, M, Jarvis, HC, Tunstall, T, Anderson-Dring, L, Cass, L, Rapeport, G, Openshaw, PJ, Nadel, S, Hansel, TT, National Institute for Health Research, and Commission of the European Communities

Subjects
Male, viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, Immunology, INFANTS, CHILDREN, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Microbiology, Interferon-gamma, respiratory sampling, stomatognathic system, INFECTION, London, Bronchiolitis, Viral, Humans, nasosorption, Chemokine CCL5, Inflammation, Science & Technology, Interleukins, virus diseases, Infant, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, respiratory system, Viral Load, 06 Biological Sciences, Nasal Mucosa, Infectious Diseases, Case-Control Studies, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, DISEASE SEVERITY, bronchiolitis, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Background. Existing respiratory mucosal sampling methods are flawed, particularly in a pediatric bronchiolitis setting. Methods. Twenty-four infants with bronchiolitis were recruited: 12 were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)–positive, 12 were RSV-negative. Infants were sampled by nasosorption and nasopharyngeal aspiration (NPA). Results. Nasosorption was well tolerated and identified all RSV+ samples. RSV load measured by nasosorption (but not NPA) correlated with length of hospital stay (P = .04) and requirement for mechanical ventilation (P = .03). Nasosorption (but not NPA) levels of interferon γ, interleukin 1β, CCL5/RANTES, and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were elevated in RSV+ bronchiolitis (all P < .05), furthermore CCL5 and IL-10 correlated with RSV load (P < .05). Conclusions. Nasosorption allowed measurement of RSV load and the mucosal inflammatory response in infants.

Published
2017

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