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This paper is part of a continuing examination into the geometric and analytic properties of the Kohn Laplacian and its inverse on general quadric submanifolds of C n × C m \mathbb {C}^n\times \mathbb {C}^m . The goal of this article is explore the complex Green operator in the case that the eigenvalues of the directional Levi forms are nonvanishing. We (1) investigate the geometric conditions on M M which the eigenvalue condition forces, (2) establish optimal pointwise upper bounds on complex Green operator and its derivatives, (3) explore the L p L^p and L p L^p -Sobolev mapping properties of the associated kernels, and (4) provide examples.

Every person in this world throws waste in the form of plastics, wet waste, dry waste and etc. Also, every person looks for a place or a plastic container to dispose that waste, that plastic container is the Dustbin which they look for. Dustbin is a plastic container where everyone can dispose their waste. Dustbin is used as a storage place to dispose waste, but we cannot estimate the exact amount of waste disposed by a society, and the dustbin cannot take more waste as the space should be available in it to take more. We need to know the level of waste in the dustbin and based on that we can intimate people to use the dustbin or not. In this Smart Dustbin project, we have designed a prototype where the lid of the dustbin is opened, on detection of human hand and waste, and the level of waste available inside the dustbin is sent as notification in the form of LED. The main components we used in making this prototype are Arduino, NODEMCU, Servo Motor and Ultrasonic Sensors. The software component is the application named as Blynk which is used to get notification. This dustbin can be a start to Smart Waste Management System where the officials can clean or empty the dustbin which depends on the notification received by them and not waiting for a call from a person of a society who informs the garbage trucks to come and take the waste from them.

Methoxphenidine was originally patented for its properties to treat neurotoxic injury.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a substantial threat to human lives and is likely to do so for years to come. Despite the availability of vaccines, searching for efficient small-molecule drugs that are widely available, including in low- and middle-income countries, is an ongoing challenge. In this work, we report the results of a community effort, the “Billion molecules against Covid-19 challenge”, to identify small-molecule inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 or relevant human receptors. Participating teams used a wide variety of computational methods to screen a minimum of 1 billion virtual molecules against 6 protein targets. Overall, 31 teams participated, and they suggested a total of 639,024 potentially active molecules, which were subsequently ranked to find ‘consensus compounds’. The organizing team coordinated with various contract research organizations (CROs) and collaborating institutions to synthesize and test 878 compounds for activity against proteases (Nsp5, Nsp3, TMPRSS2), nucleocapsid N, RdRP (Nsp12 domain), and (alpha) spike protein S. Overall, 27 potential inhibitors were experimentally confirmed by binding-, cleavage-, and/or viral suppression assays and are presented here. All results are freely available and can be taken further downstream without IP restrictions. Overall, we show the effectiveness of computational techniques, community efforts, and communication across research fields (i.e., protein expression and crystallography, in silico modeling, synthesis and biological assays) to accelerate the early phases of drug discovery.

Structures and PC3 viability IC50 data for compounds in Figure 2.

Supplementary methods, tables S1-S3, and supplementary figures 1-7

In many iterative optimization methods, fixed-point theory enables the analysis of the convergence rate via the contraction factor associated with the linear approximation of the fixed-point operator. While this factor characterizes the asymptotic linear rate of convergence, it does not explain the non-linear behavior of these algorithms in the non-asymptotic regime. In this letter, we take into account the effect of the first-order approximation error and present a closed-form bound on the convergence in terms of the number of iterations required for the distance between the iterate and the limit point to reach an arbitrarily small fraction of the initial distance. Our bound includes two terms: one corresponds to the number of iterations required for the linearized version of the fixed-point operator and the other corresponds to the overhead associated with the approximation error. With a focus on the convergence in the scalar case, the tightness of the proposed bound is proven for positively quadratic first-order difference equations., 14 pages - final version accepted to OPTL22

Background: Despite the known advantages of mammography, screening rates among Hispanic American women are lower compared to other ethnic groups. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to explore correlates of mammography screening behavior among a sample of Hispanic women aged 45-54 years living in the United States using the multi-theory model (MTM). Methods: A 50-item web-based survey consisting of psychometrically valid tools based on MTM theoretical framework was administered through non-random sampling procedures using Qualtrics. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: Out of 370 participants, nearly 49% (n=189) reported not having a mammogram in the past two years. The mean age of the sample was 48.8±2.8 years. A greater proportion of participants who have had a mammogram reported having health insurance compared to those who have not had a mammogram (93.1% vs. 75.7%, P

This paper is the first of a three part series in which we explore geometric and analytic properties of the Kohn Laplacian and its inverse on general quadric submanifolds of C n × C m \mathbb {C}^n\times \mathbb {C}^m . In this paper, we present a streamlined calculation for a general integral formula for the complex Green operator N N and the projection onto the nullspace of ◻ b \Box _b . The main application of our formulas is the critical case of codimension two quadrics in C 4 \mathbb {C}^4 where we discuss the known solvability and hypoellipticity criteria of Peloso and Ricci [J. Funct. Anal. 203 (2003), pp. 321–355] We also provide examples to show that our formulas yield explicit calculations in some well-known cases: the Heisenberg group and a Cartesian product of Heisenberg groups.

Introduction: The Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and the Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS) are usually used to assess cigarette dependence in clinical- and population-based studies. Our objective was to compare these two scales within groups of smokers from both contexts. Methods: The study was observational with smokers from a representative sample of the adult general population (n=188) and smokers attending a smoking cessation clinic in Barcelona, Spain (n=759). The FTCD and the CDS-5 (short version of 5 items) were used to assess cigarette dependence. We compared the standardized median scores obtained with both scales within each group of smokers by selected variables. To this aim, we re-scaled the scores of both scales to allow their comparison and assess their correlation within both groups. Results: The scores obtained with both scales were highly correlated within both groups of smokers (p60 min; 1.7 vs 1.1; p

BACKGROUND There is a growing body of academic literature focusing on the significant financial burdens placed on cancer patients, but little evidence on the impact of rising costs of care in other vulnerable patients and caregivers. This financial strain, also known as financial toxicity, can impact patients’ and caregivers’ behavioral, psychosocial, and material domains. New evidence suggests that populations experiencing health disparities, including those with dementia, face limited access to health care, employment discrimination, income inequality, and higher burdens of disease, exacerbating financial toxicity. OBJECTIVE The three study aims are: (1) adapt a survey to capture financial toxicity in patients with dementia and their caregivers, (2) characterize the degree and magnitude of different components of financial toxicity in this population, and (3) empower the voice of this population through imagery and critical reflection on their perceptions and experiences relating to financial toxicity. METHODS This study employs a qualitative and quantitative mixed-methods approach to comprehensively characterize financial toxicity among older adults with dementia and their care partners. To address Aim 1, we will adapt elements from prior validated and reliable instruments including the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) to develop a financial toxicity survey specific to dyads of people living with dementia and their caregivers. A total of 100 dyads will complete the survey and data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression models to address Aim 2. Aim 3 will be addressed using the process of Photovoice, which is a qualitative, participatory research method that combines photography, verbal narratives, and critical reflection by groups of individuals to capture aspects of their environment and experiences with a certain topic. Quantitative results and qualitative findings will be integrated using a validated, joint display table mixed methods approach called the Pillar Integration Process. RESULTS This study is ongoing with quantitative and qualitative results expected no later than the end of December 2023. Integrated findings will enhance the understanding of financial toxicity in individuals living with dementia and their caregivers by providing a comprehensive baseline assessment. CONCLUSIONS As one of the first studies on financial toxicity related to dementia care, findings from our mixed methods approach will support the development of new strategies for improving costs of care. While this work focuses on those living with dementia, this protocol could be replicated for patients suffering from other diseases as well and serve as a blueprint for future research efforts in this space. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

Die alpine Tourismuswirtschaft nach der Pandemie steht heute vor tiefgreifenden, langfristigen und disruptiven Veränderungen. Neue Arbeits- und Freizeitformen entwickeln sich, digitale Transformation und Künstliche Intelligenz zeigen ihre Potenziale für den Tourismussektor. Das von Thomas Bieger, Pietro Beritelli und Christian Laesser herausgegebene Jahrbuch untersucht die damit verbundenen Chancen, Lösungsansätze und Trends aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln.Eine einmalige Zusammenstellung zur aktuellen Weiterentwicklung des alpinen Tourismus in Forschung und Praxis.

Degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) supports tissue integrity and homeostasis, but is also a key factor in cancer metastasis. Heparanase (HPSE) is a mammalian ECM-remodeling enzyme with β-D-endo-glucuronidase activity overexpressed in several malignancies, and is thought to facilitate tumor growth and metastasis. By this virtue, HPSE is considered an attractive target for the development of cancer therapies, yet to date no HPSE inhibitors have progressed to the clinic. Here we report on the discovery of glucurono-configured cyclitol derivatives featuring simple substituents at the 4-O-position as irreversible HPSE inhibitors. We show that these compounds, unlike glucurono-cyclophellitol, are selective for HPSE over β-D-exo-glucuronidase (GUSB), also in platelet lysate. The observed selectivity is induced by steric and electrostatic interactions of the substituents at the 4-O-position. Crystallographic analysis supports this rationale for HPSE selectivity, and computer simulations provide insights in the conformational preferences and binding poses of the inhibitors, which we believe are good starting points for the future development of HPSE-targeting antimetastatic cancer drugs.

Entwickelt wurde ein Aufgabenformat zur Erfassung der Bezugsnormorientierung von Lehrpersonen. Dabei stehen drei Bezugsnormen im Fokus - die individuelle, soziale und kriteriale Bezugsnorm.

The problem of foreground material signature extraction in an intimate (nonlinear) mixing setting is considered. It is possible for a foreground material signature to appear in combination with multiple background material signatures. We explore a framework for foreground material signature extraction based on a patch model that accounts for such background variation. We identify data conditions under which a foreground material signature can be extracted up to scaling and elementwise-inverse variations. We present algorithms based on volume minimization and endpoint member identification to recover foreground material signatures under these conditions. Numerical experiments on real and synthetic data illustrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithms., Comment: 41 pages, 5 figures

Within this document the studies, methods and research results for using multi rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with deployable sensor probes to detect hazardous gases (HGs) are discussed. The studies shows the effects of propeller downwash, the prototype implementation used to read sensor information, the mechanism used to deploy the sensor to a specific target location and how the processed sensor information is send in realtime to ground control.

Truncated singular value decomposition is a reduced version of the singular value decomposition in which only a few largest singular values are retained. This paper presents a novel perturbation analysis for the truncated singular value decomposition for real matrices. First, we describe perturbation expansions for the singular value truncation of order $r$. We extend perturbation results for the singular subspace decomposition to derive the first-order perturbation expansion of the truncated operator about a matrix with rank greater than or equal to $r$. Observing that the first-order expansion can be greatly simplified when the matrix has exact rank $r$, we further show that the singular value truncation admits a simple second-order perturbation expansion about a rank-$r$ matrix. Second, we introduce the first-known error bound on the linear approximation of the truncated singular value decomposition of a perturbed rank-$r$ matrix. Our bound only depends on the least singular value of the unperturbed matrix and the norm of the perturbation matrix. Intriguingly, while the singular subspaces are known to be extremely sensitive to additive noises, the newly established error bound holds universally for perturbations with arbitrary magnitude. Finally, we demonstrate an application of our results to the analysis of the mean squared error associated with the TSVD-based matrix denoising solution., Comment: Accepted to Linear Algebra and Its Applications

Background Approximately 80% of people with a substance use disorder (SUD) are smokers. Starting SUD treatment offers the opportunity to also quit smoking. The ACT-ATAC project aims to identify the predictors associated with smoking cessation among persons treated for alcohol and/or cannabis use disorder in Barcelona. This manuscript reports its methodology and the experience of carrying it out during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Mixed methods project with three substudies. Substudy 1 (S1) comprises heterogeneous discussion groups among clinicians. S2 has two prospective cohorts composed of smokers under treatment for alcohol and/or cannabis use disorder and the clinicians in charge of these patients. Participating smokers will be followed for 12 months and interviewed about their substance use and the tobacco cessation services received using the Spanish version of the users’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Services (S-KAS) scale. The clinicians will be asked about their self-reported practices in smoking cessation using the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (S-KAP) scale. S3 comprises heterogeneous discussion groups with smokers. Data will be triangulated using qualitative and quantitative analyses. To facilitate the recruitment process, the researchers have introduced several strategies (design clear protocols, set monthly online meetings, extend the project, provide gift cards, etc.). Discussion The results of S1 were used to develop the questionnaires. S2 required some adjustments due to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the follow-up interviews being conducted by phone instead of face-to-face, and the recruitment rhythm was lower than expected. Recruitment will last until reaching at least 200–250 users. The fieldwork could not have been possible without the collaboration of the ACT-ATAC team and the introduction of several strategies. Trial registration The ACT-ATAC project has been successfully registered at Clinicaltrials.gov [NCT04841655].

Die vorliegende Studie dient der Weiterentwicklung des Messinstruments zur Bezugsnormorientierung von Lehrpersonen der Primarstufe, welches bereits pilotiert wurde (https://osf.io/7ez5s/). Untersucht werden soll an welchen Bezugsnormen sich Lehrpersonen der Primarstufe in Österreich orientieren, wenn sie die Leistungen von Schüler*innen beurteilen. Die eingesetzte Beurteilungsaufgabe setzt sich aus fiktiven Testergebnissen von SchülerInnen zusammen und misst drei Bezugsnormorientierungen: die soziale, individuelle und kriteriale Bezugsnormorientierung. Des Weiteren soll die jeweilige Bezugsnormwahl der Lehrkräfte mit assoziierten Merkmalen wie zum Beispiel der Zielorientierung oder den Kausalattributionen in Verbindung gebracht werden.

The Gemini North Adaptive Optics (GNAO) facility is the upcoming AO facility for Gemini North providing a state-of-the-art AO system for surveys and time domain science in the era of JWST and Rubin operations. GNAO will be optimized to feed the Gemini infrared Multi Object Spectrograph (GIRMOS). While GIRMOS is the primary science driver for defining the capabilities of GNAO, any instrument operating with an f/32 beam can be deployed using GNAO. The GNAO project includes the development of a new laser guide star facility which will consist of four side-launched laser beams supporting the two primary AO modes of GNAO: a wide-field mode providing an improved image quality over natural seeing for a 2-arcminute circular field-of-view and a narrow-field mode providing near diffraction-limited performance over a 20x20 arcsecond square field-of-view. The GNAO wide field mode will enable GIRMOS's multi-IFU configuration in which the science beam to each individual IFU will be additionally corrected using multi-object AO within GIRMOS. The GNAO narrow field mode will feed the GIRMOS tiled IFU configuration in which all IFUs are combined into a "super"-IFU in the center of the field. GNAO also includes the development of a new Real Time Controller, a new GNAO Facility System Controller and finally the development of a new AO Bench. We present in this paper an overview of the GNAO facility and provide a status update of each product., SPIE conference 2022 Montreal

In der vorliegenden Studie soll untersucht werden, welche Bezugsnormen Lehrpersonen anwenden, wenn sie die Leistungen von SchülerInnen beurteilen. Die eingesetzte Beurteilungsaufgabe umfasst fiktive Leistungsdaten und Testergebnisse von SchülerInnen und erfasst die Anwendung von drei Bezugsnormen: die soziale, individuelle und kriteriale Bezugsnorm. Mit dieser Studie sollen drei Ziele verfolgt werden: 1) Die Erprobung eines neuen Aufgabenformats zur Erfassung der drei genannten Bezugsnormorientierungen. 2) Ein Einblick in die Verbreitung dieser drei Bezugsnormen unter österreichischen Volksschullehrkräften. 3) Die Identifikation von Merkmalen von Lehrkräften, die mit den bevorzugten Bezugsnormen assoziiert sind (beispielsweise: Einstellungen zu schulischer Inklusion, Erfahrung mit SchülerInnen mit Beeinträchtigungen, Dienstjahre).

The purpose of this paper is to find pointwise estimates on the integral kernel for the $$\Box _b$$ Green operator, N, for a particular quadric submanifold of codimension 2 in $${\mathbb {C}}^4$$ . This particular kernel has singularities away from the diagonal. Furthermore, the estimates exhibited by this kernel, both on and off the diagonal, follow no known paradigm.

Epithelial branch elongation is a central developmental process during branching morphogenesis in diverse organs. This fundamental growth process into large arborized epithelial networks is accompanied by structural reorganization of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM), well beyond its mechanical linear response regime. Here, we report that epithelial ductal elongation within human mammary organoid branches relies on the non-linear and plastic mechanical response of the surrounding collagen. Specifically, we demonstrate that collective back-and-forth motion of cells within the branches generates tension that is strong enough to induce a plastic reorganization of the surrounding collagen network which results in the formation of mechanically stable collagen cages. Such matrix encasing in turn directs further tension generation, branch outgrowth and plastic deformation of the matrix. The identified mechanical tension equilibrium sets a framework to understand how mechanical cues can direct ductal branch elongation.

Host proteases have been suggested to be crucial for dissemination of MERS, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses, but the relative contribution of membrane versus intracellular proteases remains controversial. Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is regarded as one of the main proteases implicated in the coronavirus S protein priming, an important step for binding of the S protein to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor before cell entry. The main cellular location where the SARS-CoV-2 S protein priming occurs remains debatable, therefore hampering the development of targeted treatments. Herein, we identified the human extracellular serine protease inhibitor (serpin) alpha 1 antitrypsin (A1AT) as a novel TMPRSS2 inhibitor. Structural modeling revealed that A1AT docked to an extracellular domain of TMPRSS2 in a conformation that is suitable for catalysis, resembling similar serine protease-inhibitor complexes. Inhibitory activity of A1AT was established in a SARS-CoV-2 viral load system. Notably, plasma A1AT levels were associated with COVID-19 disease severity. Our data support the key role of extracellular serine proteases in SARS-CoV-2 infections and indicate that treatment with serpins, particularly the FDA-approved drug A1AT, may be effective in limiting SARS-CoV-2 dissemination by affecting the surface of the host cells., Summary Delivery of extracellular serine protease inhibitors (serpins) such as A1AT has the capacity to reduce SARS-CoV-2 dissemination by binding and inhibiting extracellular proteases on the host cells, thus, inhibiting the first step in SARS-CoV-2 cell cycle (i.e. cell entry).

We study joint nonlinear state estimation with multi-period measurement vectors that are potentially corrupted by sparse gross errors. We consider a nonlinear sparse optimization formulation for joint sparse error correction and robust state estimation in a nonlinear sensing system wherein we exploit the sparsity and short-term invariance properties of gross error locations. We introduce a sequential convex approximation approach that can be used to solve the nonlinear sparse optimization problem with a convergence guarantee. We derive a necessary rank condition that identifiable gross error matrix should satisfy. Then, we present an identifiability-aware version of the proposed algorithm wherein we exploit the aforementioned identifiability condition to improve the accuracy of gross error localization. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach by applying it to power system nonlinear state estimation of IEEE 14-bus and 118-bus networks.

Elemental sulfur is used to cross-link heavy coker gas oil (HKGO) with only 0.44 wt% olefinic hydrogen content in the absence of solvent; subsequent pyrolysis yields sulfur-doped porous carbon with Brunauer–Emmett–Tell (BET) surface area (s.a.) around 1714–1785 m2 g−1. The heavy coker gas oil does not need demetallation or hydrotreating to enable this. The usual problems (residue metal and sulfur/nitrogen) in HKGO became an opportunity in product carbon to anchor CO2 resulting in high sorption capacity.

Mit dieser Studie verfolgen wir das Ziel, das aktuelle Wissen sowie die Einstellungen und Bedürfnisse von Forschenden in der deutschsprachigen Sonderpädagogik zu verstehen. Langfristig sollen so die Bildungs- und Informationsangebote zu Open Science verbessert werden.

Mit diesem Projekt verfolgen wir das Ziel, das aktuelle Wissen sowie die Einstellungen und Bedürfnisse von Forschenden in der deutschsprachigen Sonderpädagogik zu Open Science zu verstehen. Langfristig sollen so die Bildungs- und Informationsangebote zu Open Science verbessert werden. Das Projekt ist in zwei Teilstudien gegliedert: Eine Fragebogenstudie und eine Interviewstudie.

The unit-modulus least squares (UMLS) problem has a wide spectrum of applications in signal processing, e.g., phase-only beamforming, phase retrieval, radar code design, and sensor network localization. Scalable first-order methods such as projected gradient descent (PGD) have recently been studied as a simple yet efficient approach to solving the UMLS problem. Existing results on the convergence of PGD for UMLS often focus on global convergence to stationary points. As a non-convex problem, only a sublinear convergence rate has been established. However, these results do not explain the fast convergence of PGD frequently observed in practice. This manuscript presents a novel analysis of convergence of PGD for UMLS, justifying the linear convergence behavior of the algorithm near the solution. By exploiting the local structure of the objective function and the constraint set, we establish an exact expression for the convergence rate and characterize the conditions for linear convergence. Simulations show that our theoretical analysis corroborates numerical examples. Furthermore, variants of PGD with adaptive step sizes are proposed based on the new insight revealed in our convergence analysis. The variants show substantial acceleration in practice., 16 pages

Treballs Finals de Grau de Matemàtiques, Facultat de Matemàtiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2022, Director: Josep Vives i Santa Eulàlia i Jordi Vitrià i Marca, [en] In this project we study three different models of artificial intelligence to carry out the process of sentiment analysis, which consists of determining the polarity of a text; that is, detecting whether it is positive, negative or neutral. The first model studied is a neural network, specifically a long short-term memory, which uses deep learning techniques. We delve deeper into the study of its structure and operation, unmasking all the mathematics behind it. The other two models belong to machine learning: logistic regression and Naive Bayes. We emphasize the study of its parameters and optimization, with the intention to understand the learning process of each one. Finally, we apply the results and techniques developed to implement a Python program with each model in order to detect the sentiment of thousands of reviews from social media of different bars and restaurants. We dedicate a whole chapter to give the results, the analysis of each one and a comparison between them.

During morphogenesis, diverse cell-scale and tissue-scale processes couple to dynamically sculpt organs. In this coupling, genetic expression patterns and biochemical signals regulate and respond to mechanical deformations to ensure reproducible and robust changes in tissue geometry. A long-standing approach to characterize these interactions has been the construction of expression atlases, and these atlases have necessarily relied on fixed snapshots of embryogenesis. Addressing how expression profiles relate to tissue dynamics, however, requires a scheme for spatiotemporal registration across different classes of data that incorporates both live samples and fixed datasets. Here, we construct a morphodynamic atlas that unifies fixed and live datasets – from gene expression profiles to cytoskeletal components – into a single, morphological consensus timeline. This resource and our computational approach to global alignment facilitate hypothesis testing using quantitative comparison of data both within and across ensembles, with resolution in both space and time to relate genes to tissue rearrangement, cell behaviors, and out-of-plane motion. Examination of embryo kinematics reveals stages in which tissue flow patterns are quasi-stationary, arranged as a sequence of ‘morphodynamic modules’. Temperature perturbations tune the duration of one such module – during body axis elongation – according to a simple, parameter-free scaling in which the total integrated tissue deformation is achieved at a temperature-dependent rate. By extending our approach to visceral organ formation during later stages of embryogenesis, we highlight how morphodynamic atlases can incorporate complex shapes deforming in 3D. In this context, morphodynamic modules are reflected in some, but not all, measures of tissue motion. Our approach and the resulting atlas opens up the ability to quantitatively test hypotheses with resolution in both space and time, relating genes to tissue rearrangement, cell behaviors, and organ motion.

Let $M$ be a compact, pseudoconvex-oriented, $(2n+1)$-dimensional, abstract CR manifold of hypersurface type, $n\geq 2$. We prove the following: (i) If $M$ admits a strictly CR-plurisubharmonic function on $(0,q_0)$-forms, then the complex Green operator $G_q$ exists and is continuous on $L^2_{0,q}(M)$ for degrees $q_0\le q\le n-q_0$. In the case that $q_0=1$, we also establish continuity for $G_0$ and $G_n$. Additionally, the $\bar\partial_b$-equation on $M$ can be solved in $C^\infty(M)$. (ii) If $M$ satisfies "a weak compactness property" on $(0,q_0)$-forms, then $G_q$ is a continuous operator on $H^s_{0,q}(M)$ and is therefore globally regular on $M$ for degrees $q_0\le q\le n-q_0$; and also for the top degrees $q=0$ and $q=n$ in the case $q_0=1$. We also introduce the notion of a "plurisubharmonic CR manifold" and show that it generalizes the notion of "plurisubharmonic defining function" for a a domain in $\mathbb C^N$ and implies that $M$ satisfies the weak compactness property., 29 pages

Translation into another language to enable understanding (of concepts or phenomena) is a basic cultural technique and a prerequisite for international research. Translation decisions inevitably sh...

This article investigates the naval strategies of England’s post-Conquest kings, especially from c.1100–1189, a period for which modern scholarship has yet to recognise the existence of a royal navy. It demonstrates that post-Conquest kings deployed warships, summoned defensive fleets, and launched their own invasion navies throughout the long twelfth century. Previously unnoticed evidence for the maintenance of warships under Henry II is discussed and records of fleet recruitment are used to shed light on the systems behind naval levies. Given all this evidence, it can firmly be concluded that there was a navy at the disposal of England’s Anglo-Norman and Angevin kings. The origins of this navy are twofold. Firstly, twelfth-century tactics drew on Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Danish systems and precedents, suggesting the long continuity of post-Conquest naval activities rather than sudden naval innovation under any particular king. The ‘English navy’ therefore did not decline after the Norman Conquest, nor was it a new foundation of Richard I. Secondly, England’s twelfth-century rulers relied upon the maritime skills and co-operation of coastal and port inhabitants across the realm. These coastal denizens’ motivations for participation in royal navies reveal both the extent and the limitations of English royal power. Royal naval activities took place against the backdrop of a European north that was becoming ever more connected by sea routes. English navies were therefore a crucial component of territorial expansion and warfare across a realm situated in the midst of extensive pan-European trading networks.

Glycoside hydrolases and phosphorylases are two major classes of enzymes responsible for the cleavage of glycosidic bonds. Here we show that two GH84 O-GlcNAcase enzymes can be converted to efficient phosphorylases by a single point mutation. Noteworthy, the mutated enzymes are over 10-fold more active than naturally occurring glucosaminide phosphorylases. We rationalize this novel transformation using molecular dynamics and QM/MM metadynamics methods, showing that the mutation changes the electrostatic potential at the active site and reduces the energy barrier for phosphorolysis by 10 kcal·mol-1. In addition, the simulations unambiguously reveal the nature of the intermediate as a glucose oxazolinium ion, clarifying the debate on the nature of such a reaction intermediate in glycoside hydrolases operating via substrate-assisted catalysis.

Quantifying total well loss through well screens has been traditionally undertaken through experimentally based empirical equations or equations derived for water flow through (circular) orifices. Advances in computer capacity enables incorporation of CFD formulations at millimeter scale, coupling Darcy flow and Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) to better understand and quantify processes related to well loss for different screen types. This study provides a methodology of quantifying well screen head loss using numerical models, coupling Darcy flow (aquifer and filter/gravel pack) with turbulent flow (in-well and through screen) at a sub-millimeter scale. Results are used to compare performance of four different types of well screens (Louver, slotted, bridge and wire wrap) and their overall impact and contribution to total well head loss for different slot apertures, pumping rates and hydraulic conductivity of the filter/gravel pack providing a new empirical formulation to quantify screen head loss.

Approximately 80% of people with a substance use disorder (SUD) are smokers. Starting SUD treatment offers the opportunity to also quit smoking. The ACT-ATAC project aims to identify the predictors associated with smoking cessation among persons treated for alcohol and/or cannabis use disorder in Barcelona. This manuscript reports its methodology and the experience of carrying it out during the COVID-19 pandemic.Mixed methods project with three substudies. Substudy 1 (S1) comprises heterogeneous discussion groups among clinicians. S2 has two prospective cohorts composed of smokers under treatment for alcohol and/or cannabis use disorder and the clinicians in charge of these patients. Participating smokers will be followed for 12 months and interviewed about their substance use and the tobacco cessation services received using the Spanish version of the users' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Services (S-KAS) scale. The clinicians will be asked about their self-reported practices in smoking cessation using the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (S-KAP) scale. S3 comprises heterogeneous discussion groups with smokers. Data will be triangulated using qualitative and quantitative analyses. To facilitate the recruitment process, the researchers have introduced several strategies (design clear protocols, set monthly online meetings, extend the project, provide gift cards, etc.).The results of S1 were used to develop the questionnaires. S2 required some adjustments due to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the follow-up interviews being conducted by phone instead of face-to-face, and the recruitment rhythm was lower than expected. Recruitment will last until reaching at least 200-250 users. The fieldwork could not have been possible without the collaboration of the ACT-ATAC team and the introduction of several strategies. Trial registration The ACT-ATAC project has been successfully registered at Clinicaltrials.gov [NCT04841655].

It is well known that elliptic estimates fail for the $\bar\partial$-Neumann problem. Instead, the best that one can hope for is that derivatives in every direction but one can be estimated by the associated Dirichlet form, and when this happens, we say that the $\bar\partial$-Neumann problem satisfies maximal estimates. In the pseudoconvex case, a necessary and sufficient geometric condition for maximal estimates has been derived by Derridj (for $(0,1)$-forms) and Ben Moussa (for $(0,q)$-forms when $q\geq 1$). In this paper, we explore necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for maximal estimates in the non-pseudoconvex case. We also discuss when the necessary conditions and sufficient conditions agree and provide examples. Our results subsume the earlier known results from the pseudoconvex case., 35 pages