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En el presente trabajo de investigación titulado Gestión Administrativa y su relación con el desempeño laboral de las instituciones educativas de la provincia de El Dorado, año 2018, tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre la Gestión Administrativa con el desempeño laboral. El estudio fue de tipo básico de nivel correlacional, se desarrolló bajo el diseño no experimental de corte transversal, utilizando una muestra de 85 colaboradores de las instituciones educativas: Alfonso Ugarte y Manuel Mesones Muro de la provincia de El Dorado, las técnicas de recolección de datos que se usaron fueron la encuesta y ficha de observación a través de dos cuestionarios, uno por variable de estudio. Los resultados arrojaron que existe una relación positiva baja de las variables gestión administrativa y desempeño laboral, concluyendo en que se rechazan las hipótesis nulas.

Objetivo establecer la relación entre la administración de personal y el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores en la Municipalidad distrital de San Antonio de Cumbaza, 2016. Su estudio no experimental, de tipo descriptivo correlacional, en una muestra de 10 colaboradores, seleccionados de manera no probabilística e intencional; a quienes se aplicó dos cuestionarios; uno para detectar su opinión respecto a la administración de personal y otro para valorar su desempeño laboral. Para la presentación de los resultados se utilizó tablas y gráficos circulares y en el análisis de datos, se empleó técnicas estadísticas descriptivas como, la frecuencia absoluta y el porcentaje; para el análisis correlacional se utilizó en coeficiente de Spearman; todos los datos fueron procesados en el programa de Microsoft Excel y el SPSS v22. A nivel descriptivo, el 80% de los colaboradores califica como deficiente a la administración que se realizan en dicha instancia; equivalentemente, el 60% de los trabajadores considera que tienen un desempeño aceptable; es decir, cumplen medianamente con sus funciones y en sus características individuales respecto al puesto. Se concluye que la administración de personal está relacionada directa y significativamente con el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores en la Municipalidad distrital de San Antonio de Cumbaza, 2016; se obtuvo un grado de correlación moderada de 0,557; lo significa que hay una relación directa entre dichas variables. Además, según la regla de decisión estadística y ante la correlación moderada a un nivel de significancia de p=0,047 con un examen estadístico unilateral cuyo p-valor es menor (p≤0.05); entonces, se rechaza la hipótesis nula y se acepta la hipótesis alterna.

El Capacitación de servicios turísticos del distrito de Chazuta Región San Martín su objetivo, fue proponer un programa orientado a mejorar los servicios turísticos en el distrito, debido a la poca afluencia turística en esta zona prodigiosa de recursos naturales y culturales. Se planteó una investigación tipo experimental, con diseño pre experimental, con una muestra 29 trabajadores, de las empresas de servicios turísticos (restaurantes, alojamientos, transporte, guías locales entre otros.) Así mismo se aplicó fichas de observación, estableciendo características edad, grado de instrucción, condición laboral posteriormente se estableció una capacitación constituida por 08 sesiones. Su resultado, los valores de X2Calc. y X2tab son 4.51055 y 10.8510, por lo que se aceptó la hipótesis cero el plan maestro de capacitación de servicios turísticos no mejora significativamente los servicios turísticos del distrito de Chazuta

This final degree project is focused on the study of the ailanthus (Ailanthus altissima), an exotic species considered invasive in the Iberian Peninsula. It is a difficult plant to eradicate due to its rapid growth and rapid expansion. In this project, a bibliographical research regarding ailanthus is attached and two experiments are also carried out to evaluate its efficiency. In the first experiment, the efficacy of 6 herbicides on ailanthus was determined, various chemical active ingredients were used in the Parc de Collserola. Good results were obtained with 4 herbicides containing active ingredients: Triclopyr (9%) + fluroxypyr (3%), Triclopyr (24%) + aminopyralid (3%) at a concentration of 60% and Clopyrada (6%) + triclopyr (24%) and 2,4-D (9.3%) + triclopyr (10.36%) at a concentration of 80%. In the second experiment, tests were carried out with ailanthus rhizomes, pieces of rhizomes of different sizes were planted in three conditions: dry, in environmental condition and in humidity. This was done in order to know to what extent they are capable of sprouting. The results obtained were scarce and therefore it was not possible to obtain enough data to be able to carry out statistical tests and compare results. Aquest treball final de grau està centrat en l'estudi de l'ailant (Ailanthus altissima), una espècie exòtica considera invasora a la Península Ibèrica. És una planta difícil d'eradicar a causa del seu creixement ràpid i la seva ràpida expansió. En aquest treball s'adjunta una recerca bibliogràfica respecte a l'ailant i també es fan dos experiments per avaluar-ne l'eficiència. Al primer experiment es va determinar l'eficàcia de 6 herbicides sobre l'ailant, es va utilitzar diverses matèries actives químiques al Parc de Collserola. Es van obtenir bons resultats en 4 herbicides que contenia com a matèries actives: Triclopir (9%) + fluroxipir (3%), Triclopir (24%) + aminopiralid (3%) a una concentració d'un 60% i Clopirada (6%) + triclopir (24%) i 2,4-D (9,3%) + triclopir (10,36%) a una concentració d'un 80%. En el segon experiment es va realitzar proves amb rizomes d'ailant, es van plantar trossos de rizomes de diferents mides en tres condicions: en sec, en condició ambiental i en humitat. Això es va realitzar per tal de poder saber fins a quin punt són capaços de brollar. Els resultats obtinguts van ser escassos i per tant no es va poder obtenir suficients dades per poder fer proves estadístiques i comparar resultats. Este trabajo final de grado está centrado en el estudio del ailanto (Ailanthus altissima), una especie exótica considera como invasora en la Península Ibérica. Es una planta difícil de erradicar debido a su veloz crecimiento y su rápida expansión. En este trabajo se adjunta un recerca bibliográfica respecto al ailanto y también se realiza dos experimentos para evaluar su eficiencia. En el primer experimento se determinó la eficacia de 6 herbicidas sobre el ailanto, se utilizó diversas materias activas químicas en el Parc de Collserola. Se obtuvieron buenos resultados en 4 herbicidas que contenía como materias activas: Triclopir (9%) + fluroxipir (3%), Triclopir (24%) + aminopiralid (3%) a una concentración de un 60 % y Clopirada (6%) + triclopir (24%) y 2,4-D (9,3%) + triclopir (10,36%) a una concentración de un 80 %. En el segundo experimento se realizó pruebas con rizomas de ailanto, se plantaron trozos de rizomas de diferentes medidas en tres condiciones: en seco, en condición ambiental y en humedad. Esto se realizó con el fin de poder saber hasta qué punto son capaces de brotar. Los resultados obtenidos fueron escasos y por lo tanto no se pudo obtener suficientes datos como para poder hacer pruebas estadísticas y comparar resultados.

This article explores how young gay men who are involve in Lima's middle-class gay scene made sense of their intimate relationships regarding discourses about sexuality, intimacy, and love. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 14 such men, I found that diverse and seemingly conflicting discursive configurations coexisted and intertwined within aspects of their relationships such as monogamy, sex-role positioning, and interpretations of sexual intimacy. Although participants mostly endorsed "modern" categories, more attuned with global messages of gender equality and egalitarianism, they also combined them with discourses that were more "traditional"-gendered and related to romantic love. Participants negotiated these tensions through a pattern of reflexive and unreflexive (dis)identifications, which were embedded in structural socioeconomic conditions. These findings acknowledge the complexities of Latin American middle-class gay sexualities and challenge rigid models of same-sex desire, as well as arguments about the exceptionally reflexive qualities of "modern" gay identities.

espanolEn los ultimos anos se han visto muchos casos de corrupcion en los arbitrajes con el Estado peruano, a raiz de los cuales el pais se ha visto obligado a pagar millonarias sumas. Con motivo de solucionar dichas practicas, el gobierno peruano emitio el Decreto de Urgencia 020-2020, el cual modifico el Decreto Legislativo 1071, Decreto Legislativo que norma el arbitraje, en lo relacionado a los arbitrajes con el Estado. En el presente articulo, el autor aborda las razones por las cuales dichas modificaciones no han resultado efectivas para combatir la verdadera razon por la cual se publicaron: evitar la corrupcion en los arbitrajes con el Estado peruano. EnglishIn recent years, there have been many cases of corruption in arbitrations with the Peruvian state. As a result of them, the country has been forced to pay millionaire sums. In order to solve these problems, the Peruvian government issued Emergency Decree 020-2020, which modified the Legislative Decree 1071, Legislative Decree that regulates arbitration, in relation to arbitrations with the State. In this article, the author explains the reasons why these modifications have not been effective to solve the real problem for which Decree was published: avoid corruption in arbitration with the Peruvian State.

The exchange of metabolites mediates algal and bacterial interactions that maintain ecosystem function. Yet, while thousands of metabolites are produced, only a few molecules have been identified in these associations. Using the ubiquitous microalgae Pseudo-nitzschia sp., as a model, we employed an untargeted metabolomics strategy to assign structural characteristics to the metabolites that distinguished specific diatom-microbiome associations. We cultured five species of Pseudo-nitzschia, including two species that produced the toxin domoic acid, and examined their microbiomes and metabolomes. A total of 4826 molecular features were detected by tandem mass spectrometry. Only 229 of these could be annotated using available mass spectral libraries, but by applying new in silico annotation tools, characterization was expanded to 2710 features. The metabolomes of the Pseudo-nitzschia-microbiome associations were distinct and distinguished by structurally diverse nitrogen compounds, ranging from simple amines and amides to cyclic compounds such as imidazoles, pyrrolidines and lactams. By illuminating the dark metabolomes, this study expands our capacity to discover new chemical targets that facilitate microbial partnerships and uncovers the chemical diversity that underpins algae-bacteria interactions.

Developing tight sandstone across vast area requires proper data collection and analysis. Due to the tight nature and heterogeneity of these reservoirs, several vertical and horizontal wells need to be drilled and completed with multistage hydraulic fractures to assess their potential. Initial post-frac flowback tests, in addition to long-term pressure build-ups, have already been conducted on several of the wells. Data Analysis have assisted in characterization of the tight hydrocarbon reservoirs and evaluating of hydraulic fracture geometry. The results have aided to investigate the drainage radius and well interference, to determine the optimal frac and well spacing design. These information are highly needed to build and calibrate single and full field dynamic models to estimate and address the uncertainty on the ultimate recovery and to come up with an optimized development strategy of the field. The paper presents findings and key lessons learned to efficiently design pressure build-up tests in tight sandstone reservoirs.

In heterogeneous tight sand formations, horizontal wells encounter intervals deposited under varying depositional environments along the lateral portion of the wellbore between landing point and total depth. Horizontal wells in this study were drilled in tight sands deposited in a marine environment where lateral depositional facies changes are common, and hydraulic fracture stimulation is necessary to achieve economic hydrocarbon extraction due to the relatively low permeability of the formation. Without geomechanical logs currently derived from wireline logging, it is not possible to optimize cluster spacing and placement. This step provides necesary information used to optimize completion design, which is crucial to the ultimate productivity of a well. Due to formation heterogeneity, expensive wireline logs must be collected in order to optimize fracture stimulation or else new methods to estimate these logs must be employed. This paper presents a technique to optimize cluster selection for hydraulic fracturing in unconventional tight gas development horizontal wells without wireline logging by leveraging Measure While Drilling (MWD) Gamma Ray logs and surface drilling parameters together with Artificial Intelegence (AI) algorythms to predict density, compressional and shear slowness logs for use in geomechanical evaluation.

The ecological and oceanographic processes that drive the response of pelagic ocean microbiomes to environmental changes remain poorly understood, particularly in coastal upwelling ecosystems. Here we show that seasonal and interannual variability in coastal upwelling predicts pelagic ocean microbiome diversity and community structure in the Southern California Current region. Ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, targeting prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes, from samples collected seasonally during 2014-2020 indicate that nitracline depth is the most robust predictor of spatial microbial community structure and biodiversity in this region. Striking ecological changes occurred due to the transition from a warm anomaly during 2014-2016, characterized by intense stratification, to cooler conditions in 2017-2018, representative of more typical upwelling conditions, with photosynthetic eukaryotes, especially diatoms, changing most strongly. The regional slope of nitracline depth exerts strong control on the relative proportion of highly diverse offshore communities and low biodiversity, but highly productive nearshore communities.

Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual YouTube celebrities have come to the limelight of popular media culture. This article explores how 10 of the most popular and influential YouTubers from three Latin American countries (Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico) have come to occupy lesbian, gay, and bisexual subject positions in their coming out vlogs. We argue that through the entwinement of YouTube’s political economy of celebrity and performances of respectability, these vloggers were able to turn their coming-outs into a form of emotional labor that positions them as exemplary models of queer success within the neoliberal economy and cultural regime

We aimed to analyze the factors associated with depression among LGBT+¿people exposed to discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in Peru. We conducted secondary analysis on a subset (n=5846) of cases from an online survey of LGBT¿+¿people. Individual (age, work status, prior mental health conditions, identity expression fear), structural (forms, agents, and contexts of discrimination), social (family support, relationship status, community participation, activism, knowledge of LGBT+¿laws), and institutional (sexual health information) variables were associated with depression in our sample. Mental health inequalities are driven by multiple intersecting layers of social factors across individual, structural, social, and institutional levels.

Interactions between vibrio bacteria and the planktonic community impact marine ecology and human health. Many coastal Vibrio spp. can infect humans, representing a growing threat linked to increasing seawater temperatures. Interactions with eukaryotic organisms may provide attachment substrate and critical nutrients that facilitate the persistence, diversification, and spread of pathogenic Vibrio spp. However, vibrio interactions with planktonic organisms in an environmental context are poorly understood. We quantified the pathogenic Vibrio species V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus monthly for 1 year at five sites and observed high abundances, particularly during summer months, with species-specific temperature and salinity distributions. Using metabarcoding, we established a detailed profile of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic coastal microbial communities. We found that pathogenic Vibrio species were frequently associated with distinct eukaryotic amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), including diatoms and copepods. Shared environmental conditions, such as high temperatures and low salinities, were associated with both high concentrations of pathogenic vibrios and potential environmental reservoirs, which may influence vibrio infection risks linked to climate change and should be incorporated into predictive ecological models and experimental laboratory systems. IMPORTANCE Many species of coastal vibrio bacteria can infect humans, representing a growing health threat linked to increasing seawater temperatures. However, their interactions with surrounding microbes in the environment, especially eukaryotic organisms that may provide nutrients and attachment substrate, are poorly understood. We quantified three pathogenic Vibrio species monthly for a duration of 1 year, finding that all three species were abundant and exhibited species-specific temperature and salinity distributions. Using metabarcoding, we investigated associations between these pathogenic species and prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes, revealing genus and amplicon sequence variant (ASV)-specific relationships with potential functional implications. For example, pathogenic species were frequently associated with chitin-producing eukaryotes, such as diatoms in the genus Thalassiosira and copepods. These associations between high concentrations of pathogenic vibrios and potential environmental reservoirs should be considered when predicting infection risk and developing ecologically relevant model systems.

Interactions between vibrio bacteria and the planktonic community impact marine ecology and human health. Many coastal Vibrio spp. can infect humans, representing a growing threat linked to increasing seawater temperatures. Interactions with eukaryotic organisms may provide attachment substrate and critical nutrients that facilitate the persistence, diversification, and spread of pathogenic Vibrio spp. However, vibrio interactions with planktonic organisms in an environmental context are poorly understood. We quantified the pathogenic Vibrio species V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus monthly for 1 year at five sites and observed high abundances, particularly during summer months, with species-specific temperature and salinity distributions. Using metabarcoding, we established a detailed profile of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic coastal microbial communities. We found that pathogenic Vibrio species were frequently associated with distinct eukaryotic amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), including diatoms and copepods. Shared environmental conditions, such as high temperatures and low salinities, were associated with both high concentrations of pathogenic vibrios and potential environmental reservoirs, which may influence vibrio infection risks linked to climate change and should be incorporated into predictive ecological models and experimental laboratory systems. IMPORTANCE Many species of coastal vibrio bacteria can infect humans, representing a growing health threat linked to increasing seawater temperatures. However, their interactions with surrounding microbes in the environment, especially eukaryotic organisms that may provide nutrients and attachment substrate, are poorly understood. We quantified three pathogenic Vibrio species monthly for a duration of 1 year, finding that all three species were abundant and exhibited species-specific temperature and salinity distributions. Using metabarcoding, we investigated associations between these pathogenic species and prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes, revealing genus and amplicon sequence variant (ASV)-specific relationships with potential functional implications. For example, pathogenic species were frequently associated with chitin-producing eukaryotes, such as diatoms in the genus Thalassiosira and copepods. These associations between high concentrations of pathogenic vibrios and potential environmental reservoirs should be considered when predicting infection risk and developing ecologically relevant model systems.

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Objectives To the determine the value as ischemic indicator of measurement of left ventricular areas under stress and rest conditions in the evaluation of the transient ischemic dilation. Methodology This quantitative, observational and cross sectional study included patient undergoing myocardial perfusion SPECT/CT (MPS). Protocol 2-day exercise stress/rest, radiotracers tetrofosmin/MIBI Tc-99m, IQ- SPECT (smartzoom collimators, 17 slices, 20-sec/slice), with/without CT-based attenuation correction (NC and AC, respectively) and processing with Cedars-Sinai QPS software. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed to evaluate patient conditions; MPS results, left ventricular parameters (volume of cavity and area), transient dilation and area dilation ratios. An agreement analysis according by Blend-Altman plots and correlation analysis was realized between TID y LV areas ratios. An univariate analysis by chi square test was used to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the frequecies of results of precited factors and TID Results 99 patiens with MPS were included. They were categorized in two groups as 87.87% with normal TID (values : 0.9-1.26) and 12.13% with TID > 1.25 . The mean age was 62,11 ± 10.29 years old and male were 70,1%. The prevalence of clinical conditions were 62.1% of arterial hypertension , 19.5% of type-2 diabetes mellitus and 72.4% dyslipidemia. The prevalence of cardiac disease were 60.9% ischemic cardiac disease, 17.2% cardiac rhythm alterations, 27.6% of cardiac valve disease, 13.8% myocardial hypertrophy and 4.6% dilated cardiomyopathy. There were no statistically significant differences of precited parameters between the two groups. There are 9.19% mild and 2.29% moderate ischemics MPS results in the normal TID group and 36.36% mild ischemic MPS result in the TID > 1.25 group. (p In the normal TID group the stress /rest area ratios were 1.016 ± 0.13 for NC studies and 1.016 ± 0.12 for AC studies (p > 0.05). In the TID > 1.25 group the stress /rest area ratios were 1.13 ± 0.05 for NC studies and 1.12 ± 0.08 for AC studies (p > 0.05) The normal values limits 1.016 ± 0.26 for NC studies and 1.016 ± 0.24 for AC studies. The agreement using the Bland-Altman method showed that the mean difference between TID and stress/rest ratios by NC and AC studies was 0.02 ± 0.08 (-0.13 to 0.18; 95% confidence interval) and 4.04% within the 95% confidence interval. Pearson correlation coefficient obtained between TID and area ratios was 0.69 in the NC studies and 0.91 in AC studies. This is consistent with the recommendations for studies with detectors SMARTZOOM would advise the use of AC determinations. Conclusions The presence of left ventricular areas within normal values in patients with TID visualized in MPS suggests the existence of endocardial ischemia and no ventricular dilation. The joint assessment of these parameters adds value in those situations.

A near-complete diploid nuclear genome and accompanying circular mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have been assembled from the elite commercial diatom species Nitzschia hildebrandi. The 50 Mbp haploid size of the nuclear genome is nearly double that of model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, but 30% smaller than closer relative Fragilariopsis cylindrus. Diploid assembly, which was facilitated by low levels of allelic heterozygosity (2.7%), included 14 candidate chromosome pairs composed of long, syntenic contigs, covering 93% of the total assembly. Telomeric ends were capped with an unusual 12-mer, G-rich, degenerate repeat sequence. Predicted proteins were highly enriched in strain-specific marker domains associated with cell-surface adhesion, biofilm formation, and raphe system gliding motility. Expanded species-specific families of carbonic anhydrases suggest potential enhancement of carbon concentration efficiency, and duplicated glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis pathways across cytosolic and organellar compartments may enhance peak metabolic output, contributing to competitive success over other organisms in mixed cultures. The N. hildebrandi genome delivers a robust new reference for future functional and transcriptomic studies to illuminate the physiology of benthic pennate diatoms and harness their unique adaptations to support commercial algae biomass and bioproduct production.

A near-complete diploid nuclear genome and accompanying circular mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have been assembled from the elite commercial diatom species Nitzschia inconspicua. The 50 Mbp haploid size of the nuclear genome is nearly double that of model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, but 30% smaller than closer relative Fragilariopsis cylindrus. Diploid assembly, which was facilitated by low levels of allelic heterozygosity (2.7%), included 14 candidate chromosome pairs composed of long, syntenic contigs, covering 93% of the total assembly. Telomeric ends were capped with an unusual 12-mer, G-rich, degenerate repeat sequence. Predicted proteins were highly enriched in strain-specific marker domains associated with cell-surface adhesion, biofilm formation, and raphe system gliding motility. Expanded species-specific families of carbonic anhydrases suggest potential enhancement of carbon concentration efficiency, and duplicated glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis pathways across cytosolic and organellar compartments may enhance peak metabolic output, contributing to competitive success over other organisms in mixed cultures. The N. inconspicua genome delivers a robust new reference for future functional and transcriptomic studies to illuminate the physiology of benthic pennate diatoms and harness their unique adaptations to support commercial algae biomass and bioproduct production.

We used 16S, 18S, plastid and internal transcribed spacer (for Synechococcus strains) sequencing to quantify relative microbial abundances in water-column samples and on sediment-trap-collected particles across an environmental gradient in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) spanning a > 60-fold range of surface chlorophyll. Most mixed-layer dominant eukaryotes and prokaryotes were consistently underrepresented on sinking particles. Diatoms were the only phototrophic taxa consistently overrepresented. Even within this class, however, one genus (Thalassiosira) was a particle-enriched dominant, while a similarly abundant species was poorly represented. Synechococcus was significantly enriched on sinking particles at only one of four sites, but clade I was disproportionately abundant on sinking particles throughout the region compared with clade IV, the euphotic-zone co-dominant. The most abundant microbes on particles across the CCE were organisms with distributional maxima close to the sediment-trap depth (rhizarians), microbes associated with metazoans or sinking particles as a nutritional habitat (certain alveolates, Gammaproteobacteria) and organisms that resist digestive degradation of their DNA (Thalassiosira, Synechococcus). For assessing taxon contributions of phytoplankton to carbon export, our results highlight the need for sequence-based quantitative approaches that can be used to integrate euphotic-zone abundances, compute rates and account for taxon differences in preservation of sequence markers through trophic processing.

This study explores the community-based strategies that a group of trans women living in Lima, Peru, employed to resist the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their wellbeing. Data was collected through participant observation and focus group discussions during the implementation of a social aid campaign targeted to this population and analyzed through reflexive theoretical thematic analysis. Resistance strategies were understood as forms of social capital grounded in relations of support and connectedness. Results underscored the importance of social cohesion to ameliorate increasing levels of precarity, community leaders as key for linking trans women across different networks, and unified efforts of social groups who share values to influence institutional power. The analysis also captured barriers and challenges that could hinder the development and articulation of social capital. Fostering trust relations and community-organization should be fundamental components for advocacy programs that seek to support the trans women community. Este estudio explora las estrategias comunitarias que un grupo de mujeres trans que viven en Lima, Perú, empleó para resistir el impacto negativo de la pandemia COVID-19 en su bienestar. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de la observación participante y discusiones de grupos focales durante la implementación de una campaña de ayuda social dirigida a esta población y analizados a través de un análisis temático teórico reflexivo. Las estrategias de resistencia se entendieron como formas de capital social basadas en relaciones de apoyo y conexión. Los resultados subrayaron la importancia de la cohesión social para mejorar los crecientes niveles de precariedad, los líderes comunitarios como clave para vincular a las mujeres trans a través de diferentes redes y los esfuerzos unificados de los grupos sociales que comparten valores para influir en el poder institucional. El análisis también capturó barreras y desafíos que podrían obstaculizar el desarrollo y la articulación del capital social. Fomentar las relaciones de confianza y la organización comunitaria deben ser componentes fundamentales para los programas de incidencia que buscan apoyar a la comunidad de mujeres trans.

Indexado en Scopus This study explores the community-based strategies that a group of trans women living in Lima, Peru, employed to resist the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their wellbeing. Data was collected through participant observation and focus group discussions during the implementation of a social aid campaign targeted to this population and analyzed through reflexive theoretical thematic analysis. Resistance strategies were understood as forms of social capital grounded in relations of support and connectedness. Results underscored the importance of social cohesion to ameliorate increasing levels of precarity, community leaders as key for linking trans women across different networks, and unified efforts of social groups who share values to influence institutional power. The analysis also captured barriers and challenges that could hinder the development and articulation of social capital. Fostering trust relations and community-organization should be fundamental components for advocacy programs that seek to support the trans women community. Este estudio explora las estrategias comunitarias que un grupo de mujeres trans que viven en Lima, Perú, empleó para resistir el impacto negativo de la pandemia COVID-19 en su bienestar. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de la observación participante y discusiones de grupos focales durante la implementación de una campaña de ayuda social dirigida a esta población y analizados a través de un análisis temático teórico reflexivo. Las estrategias de resistencia se entendieron como formas de capital social basadas en relaciones de apoyo y conexión. Los resultados subrayaron la importancia de la cohesión social para mejorar los crecientes niveles de precariedad, los líderes comunitarios como clave para vincular a las mujeres trans a través de diferentes redes y los esfuerzos unificados de los grupos sociales que comparten valores para influir en el poder institucional. El análisis también capturó barreras y desafíos que podrían obstaculizar el desarrollo y la articulación del capital social. Fomentar las relaciones de confianza y la organización comunitaria deben ser componentes fundamentales para los programas de incidencia que buscan apoyar a la comunidad de mujeres trans. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Revisión por pares

This article explores how young gay men who are involve in Lima’s middle-class gay scene made sense of their intimate relationships regarding discourses about sexuality, intimacy, and love. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 14 such men, I found that diverse and seemingly conflicting discursive configurations coexisted and intertwined within aspects of their relationships such as monogamy, sex-role positioning, and interpretations of sexual intimacy. Although participants mostly endorsed “modern” categories, more attuned with global messages of gender equality and egalitarianism, they also combined them with discourses that were more “traditional”—gendered and related to romantic love. Participants negotiated these tensions through a pattern of reflexive and unreflexive (dis)identifications, which were embedded in structural socioeconomic conditions. These findings acknowledge the complexities of Latin American middle-class gay sexualities and challenge rigid models of same-sex desire, as well as arguments about the exceptionally reflexive qualities of “modern” gay identities.

El presente trabajo de fin de grado nace de la necesidad de diseñar herramientas digitales que sean capaces de auto-administrar test de evaluación cognitiva para la detección precoz de enfermedades neurodegenerativas; estas herramientas deben tener como principal propósito que los usuarios puedan realizar los test desde sus propios dispositivos tras una recomendación previa por parte de un especialista. Para ello se han definido una serie de objetivos, incluyendo, el análisis y estudio de los principales test utilizados actualmente en los departamentos de neurología, la adaptación digital de los test finalmente seleccionados, así como, la implementación y desarrollo de los mismos. En concreto realizaremos un desarrollo híbrido con la intención de diseñar una aplicación cuyo acceso esté disponible para la mayoría de personas, es decir, desarrollada para dispositivos de tipo smartphone con sistema operativo Android o iOS, pues estos destacan por ser los más utilizados. Además, contaremos con la colaboración del departamento de neurología del Hospital Clínico San Carlos durante el proceso completo de elaboración del proyecto. Esta contribución nos aportará el criterio médico necesario para la adaptación de los test que conforman nuestra aplicación, así como la forma en la que presentaremos nuestro diseño gráfico de las pruebas al paciente y otras características para poder dotar a la aplicación de un sistema que permita almacenar y procesar las respuestas del paciente automáticamente. Una vez realizado todo el proceso de desarrollo e implementación, realizaremos un despliegue de la APP en dispositivos iOS y Android, que se probará primeramente en población sana. Para esta administración de los test a los primeros usuarios contaremos con la colaboración del neuro-psicólogo del departamento. De esta forma, se podrá validar el resultado de la especificidad del diagnóstico a través de esta herramienta, esperando gran similitud con la herramienta no auto-administrada; de igual manera podremos realizar un estudio y análisis de los primeros resultados obtenidos suministrando un test de usabilidad previamente diseñado, con las preguntas necesarias para la compresión de la interacción entre la interfaz y el usuario.

In recent years, there have been many cases of corruption in arbitrations with the Peruvian state. As a result of them, the country has been forced to pay millionaire sums. In order to solve these problems, the Peruvian government issued Emergency Decree 020-2020, which modified the Legislative Decree 1071, Legislative Decree that regulates arbitration, in relation to arbitrations with the State.In this article, the author explains the reasons why these modifications have not been effective to solve the real problem for which Decree was published: avoid corruption in arbitration with the Peruvian State. En los últimos años se han visto muchos casos de corrupción en los arbitrajes con el Estado peruano, a raíz de los cuales el país se ha visto obligado a pagar millonarias sumas. Con motivo de solucionar dichas prácticas, el gobierno peruano emitió el Decreto de Urgencia 020-2020, el cual modificó el Decreto Legislativo 1071, Decreto Legislativo que norma el arbitraje, en lo relacionado a los arbitrajes con el Estado.En el presente artículo, el autor aborda las razones por las cuáles dichas modificaciones no han resultado efectivas para combatir la verdadera razón por la cual se publicaron: evitar la corrupción en los arbitrajes con el Estado peruano.

Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual YouTube celebrities have come to the limelight of popular media culture. This article explores how 10 of the most popular and influential YouTubers from three Latin American countries (Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico) have come to occupy lesbian, gay, and bisexual subject positions in their coming out vlogs. We argue that through the entwinement of YouTube’s political economy of celebrity and performances of respectability, these vloggers were able to turn their coming-outs into a form of emotional labor that positions them as exemplary models of queer success within the neoliberal economy and cultural regime.

Background Many species of coastal Vibrio spp. bacteria can infect humans, representing an emerging health threat linked to increasing seawater temperatures. Vibrio interactions with the planktonic community impact coastal ecology and human infection potential. In particular, interactions with eukaryotic and photosynthetic organism may provide attachment substrate and critical nutrients (e.g. chitin, phytoplankton exudates) that facilitate the persistence, diversification, and spread of pathogenic Vibrio spp.. Vibrio interactions with these organisms in an environmental context are, however, poorly understood. Results After quantifying pathogenic Vibrio species, including V. cholerae , V. parahaemolyticus , and V. vulnificus, over one year at 5 sites, we found that all three species reached high abundances, particularly during Summer months, and exhibited species-specific temperature and salinity distributions. Using metabarcoding we established a detailed profile of the both prokaryotic and eukaryotic coastal microbial communities, finding that pathogenic species were frequently associated with specific ASVs of chitin-producing eukaryotes such as diatoms and copepods. Furthermore, environmental variables had a significant effect not only on pathogenic Vibrio species but entire microbial communities, suggesting in some cases shared environmental preferences. Several significant ASV-level associations were revealed, indicating that commonly used broad taxonomic classifications (e.g. based on microbial class or Vibrio as a genus) likely mask ecologically important interactions. Shotgun metagenomic analyses revealed diverse vibrio communities that harbored additional potential vibrio pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes, and genes associated with virulence. Conclusions Taken together, this data shows that abundant pathogenic Vibrio species likely containing both antibiotic resistance and virulence-associated genes are associated with chitin producing organisms which could act as an attachment substrate, facilitating environmental persistence and horizontal gene transfer. Shared environmental conditions such as high temperatures were associated with both high levels of pathogenic vibrios and potential environmental reservoirs, which should be taken into consideration when modelling vibrio infection risk in the face of climate change and identifying biomarkers of pathogen species. Furthermore, ASV-level associations may be critical to understanding vibrio microbial ecology and should be taken into consideration while developing environmentally relevant laboratory model systems.

This protocol describes our sampling strategy and techniques for the NOAA-CalCOFI Ocean Genomics (NCOG) project. In summary, seawater for DNA and RNA from multiple depths is filtered onto Sterivex filters at each station. Although the protocol is specific to this project, it is easily adaptable for other field-based sampling.

18S and 16S amplicon library preparation protocol. DNA or RNA is usually extracted with our automated protocols from sterivex but other types of samples are occasionally used. If using RNA, first generate cDNA with Invitrogen's SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis System. Blanks from the nucleic acid extraction should always be used as negative controls. Normally, DNA is diluted 10-fold after extraction and 1 μL of the diluted DNA or the cDNA is used for template in the PCR reaction. If DNA concentrations are very low, 1 μL of the undiluted DNA may need to be used. The library is generated with a 1-step PCR, i.e. amplicons are amplified and barcoded simultaneously. Amplicons can be generated for 16S (515F-Y/926R primers from Parada et al. 2015), 18Sv4 (V4F/V4RB primers from Balanzo et al. 2015), and 18Sv9 (1389F/1510R primers from Amaral-Zettler et al. 2009). Barcoded primers for all of these amplicons are attached to this protocol. Typically, the primers are pre-mixed into 96-well plates such that one set of 8 unique F primers (plate rows) and one set of 12 unique R primers (plate columns) are mixed to create 96 unique combinations. Reactions can then be run in a 96 well plate where template plate positions correspond to unique barcode plate positions. The i5 barcode is inline to generate higher sequence quality but also requires a customized demultiplexing workflow. When sequencing, only demultiplex based on the i7 index first. Scripts to then demultiplex based on the i5 index can be found on our Github here. We also highly recommend including mock communities in every 96-well plate.

A mostly automated protocol for extraction of total RNA from seawater filtered onto a Sterivex filter (Cat. No. SVGP0150). Reagents come from the Macherey-Nagel NucleoMag RNA kit (Cat. No. 744350). Automated liquid handling is performed on an eppendorf EpMotion 5075t with multi-channel pipettes. This protocol assumes that the Sterivex is sealed with tube sealant on the male end and a male-luer lock plug on the female end. Using this protocol, we routinely extract ~80 samples at a time. The protocol has been modified to increase to an 800 µL starting volume. This normally results in less Lysis Buffer MR1, Binding Buffer MR2, and Reducing Agent TCEP supplied than is needed. Extra reagents can and should be purchased separately. The kit manual can be found here: https://www.mn-net.com/media/pdf/23/c2/23/Instruction-NucleoMag-RNA.pdf Additional notes from the manufacturer on using the kit with the epMotion can be found here: https://www.mn-net.com/media/pdf/bd/7e/53/AN-NucleoMag-RNA-epMotion5075.pdf . Note that we have several additional modifications to their protocol. The epMotion program is attached here.

A mostly automated protocol for extraction of genomic DNA from seawater filtered onto a Sterivex filter (Cat. No. SVGP0150). Reagents come from the Macherey-Nagel NucleoMag Plant Kit for DNA purfication (Cat. No. 744400). Automated liquid handling is performed on an eppendorf EpMotion 5075t with multi-channel pipettes. This protocol assumes that the Sterivex is sealed with tube sealant on the male end and a male-luer lock plug on the female end. Using this protocol, we routinely extract ~80 samples at a time. The protocol has been modified to increase to an 800 µL starting volume. This normally results in less Lysis Buffer MC1 and Binding Buffer MC2 than is needed. Extra binding buffer should be purchased separately. The kit manual can be found here: https://www.mn-net.com/media/pdf/09/46/a0/Instruction-NucleoMag-Plant.pdf Additional notes from the manufacturer on using the kit with the epMotion can be found here: https://www.mn-net.com/media/pdf/95/2c/ef/AN-NucleoMag-Plant-epMotion5075.pdf . Note that we have modifications to their protocol. The epMotion program is attached here.

In unconventional reservoirs, not only do we have to concern ourselves with having a sufficient hydrocarbon volume to justify development (Resource Fairway), but also whether producibility characteristics, especially the ability to effectively fracture stimulate, are favorable (commercially). While volumetric characteristics tend to be regionally variable resulting in changes in hydrocarbon fluid types, reservoir pressures, thickness, porosity, saturation, etc., at the basin scale, producibility characteristics tend to be more locally variable resulting in changes in natural fracturing, subsurface stresses, permeability, effectiveness of fracture stimulation barriers, etc., at the field scale. A stochastic approach encompasses both these trend variations (regional and local) while assessing the commerciality of the play. This paper will explain the workflow involved in creating a probabilistic model using a commercial tool for engineers to understand the mechanics of the model, quality-check the input distributions, compare the model results to those from other sources (such as empirical, analytical, or numerical models). This workflow also will help in seamlessly modifying the input parameters to generate "what-if" scenarios and stress test the base case of development projects. Due to the capital-intensive nature of Unconventional projects, it is important to economically model a series of staged-investments. The purpose of the staging is to responsibly expose incremental capital and identify course corrections. Several factors and combination of inputs affect the commerciality of unconventional developments. These inputs will then be sampled using Monte Carlo simulation to generate a multitude of trials and their summary statistics. The recoverable resources, costs, and economics can also be exported for any given trial, and the ranges of input parameters sampled to generate a given trial can also be extracted Five critical parameters and their ranges were identified for developing a stochastic Before Tax (BTAX) economic output reflecting the full range of outcomes. Well type curves and select components of Capex and Opex were identified as the primary drivers. Associated products, such as condensate, NGLs, ethane, sulfur and water, were modeled as a function of the primary product using dependent ratios. Variability in cycle time was added to account for delays in implementation and acceleration as learnings are applied. This paper will present how technological integration between legacy in-house developed tools and stochastic analysis engines, as the centerpiece, can provide management the required level of visibility on project economics and evaluation ranges. With the considerable time spared in carrying out economic assessments due to this workflow, engineers are able to spend more time in developing case scenarios, run sensitivities, and analyze outcomes and results to make informed portfolio management decisions.

En el Perú, los hombres jóvenes gays constituyen una población vulnerable debido a la discriminación a la que están sujetas sus identidades y afectos. Este contexto social puede tornar problemático el establecer y mantener relaciones de pareja. Por tanto, esta investigación buscó analizar desde un enfoque cualitativo y queer-feminista las representaciones sociales en torno a la pareja en un grupo de nueve jóvenes gays de Lima Metropolitana (M edad = 22.56). Para ello, se aplicaron entrevistas a profundidad y se analizaron los datos mediante el análisis temático. Las representaciones estuvieron organizadas, principalmente, en torno a la reciprocidad y la expresión afectiva, valores relacionados con los modelos de relaciones igualitarias. No obstante, algunos aspectos de las representaciones fueron informados por categorías más “tradicionales”, como aquellas vinculadas con el discurso del amor romántico. Esta tensión entre ambas categorías fue negociada y resuelta a través de un proceso dinámico que les permitió a estos jóvenes ser conscientes y reflexionar sobre los discursos que informaron y habilitaron sus experiencias y significados sobre las relaciones. Esta capacidad, llamada reflexividad, les permitió ejercer agencia y alcanzar mejores resultados relacionales. Estos resultados permiten reflexionar sobre la importancia de comprender la subjetividad en interacción con los trasfondos socioculturales si se busca responder a las necesidades reales de esta población.

El referido modelo propone una forma de ordenamiento de la gestión de personas, sin considerar estrategias de implementación. A partir de entonces, Servir realizó diferentes acciones de difusión, capacitación a las oficinas de recursos humanos, como asesorías y asistencia técnica en la comprensión del modelo. Este modelo parte de la propuesta del académico Francisco Longo, quien definió un Modelo Integrado de Gestión de Recursos Humanos (2002) que pudiera ser tomado como base por los países de la región, para la creación de sus propios modelos, así como de los principios rectores de la Carta Iberoamericana de la Función Pública (2003) que establecen las bases para la articulación de los procesos de la administración pública que todo sistema del Estado debe tener, los mismos que deberán inspirar las políticas de gestión del empleo y los recursos humanos, que a su vez se traducirán en las prácticas concretas de personal.

Complex interactions between microbial communities in the epipelagic and mesopelagic ocean drive variability in sinking carbon flux as part of the biological carbon pump. To investigate the relative contribution of dominant prokaryotic, protistan, and phytoplankton taxa to sinking particles, we used 16S/18S rRNA gene sequencing of particles collected in sediment traps and water column communities. Comparisons were done across a coastal upwelling-to-oligotrophic environmental gradient in the southern California Current Ecosystem to assess effects of natural environmental variability on taxon-specific contributions to sinking particle export. Particle-associated microbial assemblages differ from ambient mixed-layer communities. Gammaproteobacteria, dinoflagellates, and rhizarians were dominant microbes associated with sinking particles at all sampling locations, with diatoms increasing significantly at the inshore mesotrophic site. Parasitic groups, syndiniales and apicomplexans, were also major particle-associated taxa. Relative sequence abundance on exported particles from the mesotrophic inshore site more closely resembled the water-column dominants (especially diatoms) found above, while oligotrophic communities exhibited greater dissimilarity between the microbial communities on sinking particles and in the mixed layer. Protists generally showed greater similarity between mixed-layer and sinking particle communities than prokaryotes. Synechococcus was over-represented on sinking particles (relative to eukaryotic phytoplankton and other cyanobacteria) only in oligotrophic areas. Diatoms were the only phytoplankton group consistently over-represented on sinking particles across the region. Our results highlight important variability in microbial contributions to export that seem to align with differences in dominant grazing pathways. At the upwelling influenced site where export was primarily due to the fecal pellets of large copepods, diatoms were dominant contributors to export and protistan communities on sinking particles resembled those in the water column above. When doliolids were abundant, dinoflagellates contributed substantially to export, while the dominant picoeukaryote (Ostreococcus) was only a minor contributor. In oligotrophic areas, where grazing pathways were dominated by protists and sinking particles were primarily amorphous aged aggregates, there was little similarity between mixed layer and sinking particle communities.

Background Many species of coastal Vibrio spp. bacteria can infect humans, representing an emerging health threat linked to increasing seawater temperatures. Vibrio interactions with the planktonic community impact coastal ecology and human infection potential. In particular, interactions with eukaryotic and photosynthetic organism may provide attachment substrate and critical nutrients (e.g. chitin, phytoplankton exudates) that facilitate the persistence, diversification, and spread of pathogenic Vibrio spp. Vibrio interactions with these organisms in an environmental context are, however, poorly understood.Results We quantified pathogenic Vibrio species, including V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus, and two virulence-associated genes for one year at five coastal sites in Southern California and used metabarcoding to profile associated prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities, including vibrio-specific communities. These Vibrio spp. reached high abundances, particularly during Summer months, and inhabited distinct species-specific environmental niches driven by temperature and salinity. Associated bacterial and eukaryotic taxa identified at fine-scale taxonomic resolution revealed genus and species-level relationships. For example, common Thalassiosira genera diatoms capable of exuding chitin were positively associated with V. cholerae and V. vulnificus in a species-specific manner, while the most abundant eukaryotic genus, the diatom Chaetoceros, was positively associated with V. parahaemolyticus. Associations were often linked to shared environmental preferences, and several copepod genera were linked to low-salinity environmental conditions and abundant V. cholerae and V. vulnificus.Conclusions This study clarifies ecological relationships between pathogenic Vibrio spp. and the planktonic community, elucidating new functionally relevant associations, establishing a workflow for examining environmental pathogen microbiomes, and highlighting prospective model systems for future mechanistic studies.

Background and objective The basis for optimal resource allocation is an understanding of requirements during the diagnostic and treatment phases. Costs associated with the rising incidence of cutaneous melanoma are considerable. We undertook an up-to-date analysis of the cost of diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up according to tumor stage. Methods We constructed descriptive tables following a theoretical model of direct costs based on amounts published in directives for the Spanish national health system and in international guidelines for managing cutaneous melanoma according to stage at diagnosis and clinical course. The tables allowed us to calculate the cost of treating individual patients as well as the expected cost for all patients with tumors in the same stage. Results Individual patients would generate costs ranging from €1689 (for a stage I tumor) to €88 268 (stage IV ). The largest differences were between stages IA and IB–IIA and between stages III and IV . Costs differed greatly between patients with early-stage tumors and favorable outcomes and those with recurring tumors, which cost 50-fold more in the first year and 20-fold more after 10 years of follow-up. Conclusions The high cost of diagnosing advanced-stage cutaneous melanoma calls attention to the need to promote primary prevention and early detection. Our findings provide the knowledge base for cost-effectiveness studies in this disease.

Resumen Introduccion y objetivo El conocimiento de los recursos utilizados en cada uno de los pasos del diagnostico y tratamiento de las enfermedades es la base para poder optimizarlos. El melanoma cutaneo es un tipo tumoral en constante incremento, y con un importante coste asociado, por lo que se ha realizado un analisis actualizado de los costes de los procesos de su diagnostico, terapia y seguimiento en funcion del estadio de la enfermedad. Metodos Se han elaborado tablas descriptivas de costes directos a partir de un modelo teorico basado en directrices nacionales e internacionales de manejo de pacientes con melanoma cutaneo dependiendo del momento de diagnostico y evolucion. Estas tablas permiten saber el coste de cada paciente individual y de todos aquellos en un mismo estadio. Resultados Los costes para un paciente en el primer ano oscilan entre los 1.689 € del estadio I y los 88.268 € del estadio IV , las mayores diferencias se encuentran entre el estadio IA y el IB-IIA y entre el III y IV . Si comparamos los costes de los pacientes en estadio precoz con buena evolucion con los de aquellos que recidivaron, las diferencias son considerables: llegan a ser de hasta 50 veces mayores en el primer ano y 20 veces mayores en el seguimiento a 10 anos. Conclusiones Los elevados costes del diagnostico del melanoma cutaneo en estadio avanzado evidencian la necesidad de promocionar la prevencion primaria y los programas de deteccion precoz. Nuestros resultados serviran como base para posteriores estudios de coste-efectividad.

El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo la realización de un plan estratégico para la empresa Delta Signal Corp. para el periodo 2019-2022, la cual se dedica a la fabricación y comercialización de componentes y sistemas eléctricos para autos. Además, cuenta con plantas de producción, almacenes y oficinas de ventas ubicadas estratégicamente en Norteamérica, Europa, Asia y Suramérica. La coyuntura político-económica del entorno en la actualidad no es muy favorable debido a la guerra comercial entre USA y China, y al incremento de aranceles a las importaciones del sector. Para el periodo 2019-2022, a raíz de los resultados obtenidos, se decidió mantener la estrategia actual, pero reorientando las iniciativas a mejorar la interacción con los clientes, buscar alianzas estratégicas con proveedores clave, adquirir nuevas licencias tecnológicas, y capacitar y formar equipos multidisciplinarios orientados a la generación de una cultura de innovación. Trabajo de investigación

Objetivo: comparar la eficacia del NO como antiinflamatorio obtenido a partir de L-Arginina y se compara con las propiedades del ibuprofeno y la aspirina. Material y métodos: Se usaron 30 ratones a los cuáles se les dividió en 6 grupos diferentes. Se estimuló la inflamación usando el modelo de bolsa de aire-carragenina. Se usaron dos grupos controles positivos (1 y 5), administrándosele un pro-inflamatorio (Carragenina: 1%) sin ningún fármaco anti-inflamatorio y en el grupo 5 se le administro adicionalmente suero fisiológico por vía oral. Un grupo control negativo (6) al cual no se le administro el pro-inflamatorio y solo una dosis de L-Arginina por vía oral. Los grupos 2, 3 y 4 recibieron una dosis de Carragenina, además de Aspirina, Ibuprofeno y L- Arginina (vía oral: 500mg/3dl) respectivamente. Se extrajo el exudado de la bolsa de aire y se realizó un conteo de polimorfonucleares usando cámara de Neubauer. Se usó la prueba de Mann Whitney para comparar los grupos. Resultados: el efecto antiinflamatorio es similar entre el ibuprofeno y la aspirina (p>0,05), como lo es también entre el ibuprofeno y la L- arginina (p>0,05); pero la diferencia entre L-arginina y aspirina es suficiente como para decir que la L-arginina tiene mejor eficacia que la aspirina (p

Este bar está enfocado en brindar a los clientes un entretenimiento diferente que vaya más allá de solo tomar y conversar. Se propone ofrecer un bar lúdico denominado Jubar, en el cual combine juegos para tomar en shots coctel. Además, se brindarán piqueos variados que acompañen dichos juegos. Esto permite una experiencia nueva que sumergirá en cada juego, fomentando la competencia y socialización entre mesas, ya que permitirá desconectarse de la rutina y estrés diario, producidas por múltiples razones. La inclusión de los diferentes juegos lúdicos pretende ser un factor clave para la diversión y camaradería. Ese bar lúdico se caracteriza también por tener meseros con mucha motivación y alegría, lo cual creará un ambiente dinámico para los clientes. El bar estará bien ubicado y contará con variado número de promociones que cada cliente pueda adaptar a su gusto.

Acid phase digestion was investigated for enhanced operation in an industrial wastewater treatment plant. In particular, sludge retention time (SRT), temperature and pH were assessed for determining optimal conditions under operating constraints. Volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) were the key process parameters used to assess system performance. Increase in SRT from 0.8 to 1.4 days (at 22°C) had moderate effect on VFA production (approximately 15% increase), achieving a maximum VFA production of 3600 mg/L. High VFA production rate (0.101 ± 0.035 mg/mgVS.d) was obtained at the highest operating retention time during summer (27°C). The degree of solubilisation of particulate organic matter increased with temperature and retention time. Despite an increase in SCOD (6472 ± 873 mg/L max.), a corresponding increase in VFA was not observed. SCOD showed a linear correlation with decrease in pH, while acidogenesis (SCOD conversion to VFA) was found to be favourable at a pH of 4.5.

Estudia el establecimiento de sucursales de empresas extranjeras en el Perú. Las sucursales constituyen una importante herramienta para la promoción de la inversión privada extranjera en el Perú, existen diferentes interpretaciones en la terminología legal, que genera confusión y retraso en los procesos de establecimiento de las sucursales y también la diferenciación no establecida en la ley respecto de actividades de contratación, exigiendo a la sucursal requisitos no contemplados en la norma, siendo por ello necesario mediante esta tesis aclarar los conceptos para simplificar los procesos de inscripción de las sucursales, generar seguridad jurídica a los terceros locales que se relacionen con estas y a la vez hacerlas atractivas para el inversionista extranjero. Trabajo de investigación

Objetivo general: Evaluar la efectividad de la terapia triple estándar en la erradicación de la infección causada por Helicobacter pylori en la Clínica Internacional en 2018. La gastritis, como enfermedad provocada por el microorganismo Helicobacter pylori constituye un problema grave de salud pública; de afectación de índole mundial y con especial afectación a países en vías de desarrollo como lo es el nuestro. Existen diferencias significativas en el mundo acerca de la prevalencia de la infección de H. pylori. Para la evaluación de la infección provocada por H. pylori es primordial realizar endoscopia alta con la toma de biopsias según las recomendaciones del sistema de Sydney. Persiste la problemática nacional de la falta de estandarización del lugar de toma y el número de biopsias. La aplicación indiscriminada de inhibidores de bomba de protones (IBP) como tratamiento para dispepsia a largo plazo altera la topografía de la gastritis por H. pylori dificultando su confirmación histopatológica. La adecuada toma es esencial para el hallazgo de la infección, así como de la confirmación de la erradicación satisfactoria. Previo a la decisión de los esquemas de tratamiento, se debe conocer la resistencia a dichos medicamentos y el tiempo idóneo de administración. Se requiere de estadísticas locales para poder sustentar la suficiencia de diez días como duración total del tratamiento, la efectividad del manejo con terapia triple integrada por omeprazol, amoxicilina y claritromicina; así como conocer la resistencia antibiótica en la población a tratar. En protocolos internacionales, hallan alta resistencia al esquema estándar de primera línea constituido por la terapia triple, independiente de la duración del mismo. El cáncer gástrico representa una incertidumbre de la salud pública en niveles alarmantes en el Perú. Algunos factores de riesgo como pobreza, tabaquismo y consumo de niveles elevados de alcohol, alimentos ahumados y dieta rica en sal. además de vida sedentaria; constituyen el 90% de la asociación a cáncer gástrico. La más relevante de las asociaciones, corresponde a la infección por H. Pylori. Se plantea que el aumento de la prevalencia tanto de la infección y enfermedad, así como del cáncer gástrico, se debe a las pobres condiciones sanitarias en población de bajos recursos económicos en zonas rurales. La población atendida en la Clínica Internacional presenta una alta prevalencia de infección por dicho microorganismo. Sin embargo, la entidad carece de protocolos de tratamiento médico farmacológico de la infección causada por Helicobacter pylori; tanto en lo que concierta al diagnóstico, como al manejo farmacológico. Desencadenando un abordaje disímil con desenlaces impredecibles. El presente estudio busca homogenizar la terapia triple como tratamiento evaluando su efectividad para erradicar la infección.

One challenge in field-based marine microbial ecology is to achieve sufficient spatial resolution to obtain representative information about microbial distributions and biogeochemical processes. The challenges are exacerbated when conducting rate measurements of biological processes due to potential perturbations during sampling and incubation. Here we present the first application of a robotic microlaboratory, the 4 L-submersible incubation device (SID), for conducting in situ measurements of the rates of biological nitrogen (N2) fixation (BNF). The free-drifting autonomous instrument obtains samples from the water column that are incubated in situ after the addition of 15N2 tracer. After each of up to four consecutive incubation experiments, the 4-L sample is filtered and chemically preserved. Measured BNF rates from two deployments of the SID in the oligotrophic North Pacific ranged from 0.8 to 2.8 nmol N L?1 day?1, values comparable with simultaneous rate measurements obtained using traditional conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD)–rosette sampling followed by on-deck or in situ incubation. Future deployments of the SID will help to better resolve spatial variability of oceanic BNF, particularly in areas where recovery of seawater samples by CTD compromises their integrity, e.g. anoxic habitats.